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11-6
E+B
Number of
=
Concentrations (cycles)
B
Water
Sprays
If the resultant concentrations are excessive and a desired concentration of 4.0 is required, what must the blowdown rate be?
B =
=
Air
Out
Air
In
E
Cycles 1
2.0
= 0.67%
4.0 1
CONCENTRATION CYCLES
Water
Out
Fan
FIG. 11-7a
Mechanical Induced Draft Counterflow Tower
Air
Out
Fan
Water
Inlet
Air In
Air In
Watet
Outlet
FIG. 11-7b
Mechanical Induced Draft Cross Flow Tower
Air
Out
Fan
Fans are used to move the air through the mechanical draft
tower. The performance of the tower has a greater stability
because it is affected by fewer psychrometric variables. The
fans provide a means of regulating the air flow. Mechanical
draft towers are characterized as either forced draft or induced
draft.
Forced draft towers (Fig. 11-6) The fan is located on
the air stream entering the tower. This tower is characterized
by high air entrance velocities and low exit velocities, therefore, the towers are susceptible to recirculation thus having a
lower performance stability. The fans can also be subject to
icing under conditions of low ambient temperature and high
humidity.
11-13
Water
In
Air
In
Water
Out
Air
In
FIG. 11-8
FIG. 11-10
Air
Outlet
Gear
Drive
Air
Inlet
Fill
Drift
Eliminators
Water
Inlet
Fan
Air
Inlet
Fill
Coils
Air
Inlet
Hot
Water
Inlet
Water
Outlet
Water Outlet
Distribution
System
Air In
Air In
Water Outlet
Cold Water
Collection Basin
11-14