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2 N 2 O N 2 +O2
Es k= 997 cm3/(molg)(s) a 895C. Calcule la fraccin descompuesta a 1.0 y 10
s y a 10 min en un reactor a volumen constante. La velocidad de la reaccin
inversa es despreciable y la presin inicial, (100% N 2O) es de 1 atm.
Datos:
Reactor batch.
Volumen constante, densidad constante.
Velocidad inversa despreciable = rx. Irreversible.
Rx. de 2do orden.
Rx. isotrmica.
Presin inicial 1 atm, 100% N2O, T=895C
k= 997 cm3/(molg)(s).
V A =K C 2A
Ecuacin de balance de masa:
XA
t =C A 0
0
dX A
V A
A B+C
2 N 2 O N 2 +O2
Condicin inicial
Condicin final
CA 0 0 0
1
C A 0C A 0 X A C A 0 X A C A 0 X A
2
XA
1
2
V A =k C A 0
XA
1
2
k C2A 0
dX A
XA
t=C A 0
0
XA
1
dX A
X
1
t=
k CA 0 0
A
XA
1
X
1
t=
k CA 0 0
A
XA
1
X
0
1
t=
k CA 0
A0
XA
1
X
0
1
1
t=
k CA 0
A0
XA
1
1
t=
k CA 0
XA
1
XA
1
t=
k CA 0
Despejamos XA
X A=
tk C A 0
1+ tk C A 0
Calculamos CA0
PV =nRT
P=
n
RT
V
C=
P
RT
C A 0=
PA0
=
RT
C A 0=0.0104
1 atm
atm
0.08205
( 1168 K )
gmolK
gmol
1L
gmol
=1.04 x 1 05
L 1000 cc
cc
Para t= 1 segundo
( 1 seg ) 997
X A=
cm 3
5 gmol
1.04 x 1 0
cc
( molg ) ( s )
1+ (1 seg ) 997
cm 3
5 gmol
1.04 x 1 0
cc
( molg )( s )
X A =0.010
Para t= 10 segundos
( 10 seg ) 997
X A=
cm 3
5 gmol
1.04 x 1 0
cc
( molg ) ( s )
cm3
5 gmol
1.04 x 10
cc
( molg ) ( s )
X A =0.093
Para t= 1 min = 60 segundos
( 60 seg ) 997
X A=
cm 3
5 gmol
1.04 x 1 0
cc
( molg )( s )
1+ ( 60 seg ) 997
cm3
5 gmol
1.04 x 1 0
cc
( molg ) ( s )
X A =0.33
CA 0CB0 0 0
Condicin inicial
Condicin final masa
C A 0C Ao X A C B 0C Ao X A C Ao X A C Ao X A
N A 0 N Ao X A CB 0N Ao X A N Ao X A N Ao X A
V A =K C 2A
Ecuacin de balance de masa:
XA
t =C A 0
0
dX A
V A
XA
1
V A =k C2A 0
XA
1
2
k C2A 0
dX A
XA
t=C A 0
0
XA
1
dX A
X
1
t=
k CA 0 0
A
XA
1
X
1
t=
k CA 0 0
A
XA
1
X
0
1
t=
k CA 0
A0
XA
1
X
0
1
1
t=
k CA 0
A0
XA
1
1
t=
k CA 0
XA
1
XA
1
t=
k CA 0
Despejamos k
XA
1
XA
1
k=
t CA 0
Solucin 0.1 N NaOH = 4 g/lt (gmol/40g) = 0.1 gmol/lt
k=
0.18
1
0.18
1
gmol
( 15 min ) 0.1
k =0.1463
gmolmin
0.30
1
0.30
1
t=
0.1463
( 0.2 )
gmolmin
t=14.64 min
N A0=
mA0
m
N A0 X A= A 0 X A
PM A
PM A
mA 0
X PM C
PM A A
Fc =
t
Despejamos mA0
mA 0
X PM C
PM A A
kg
1 hr
g
50 ) ( 14.64 min ) (
88
(
)(
( F ) ( t ) ( PM )
hr
60 min
gmol )
A 0=
=
g
( X ) ( PM )
( 0.30 ) (82
gmol )
c
m
A 0= 43.64 kg
m
C A 0=
V=
N A0
mA 0
m A0
=
V=
V
PM A V
PM A C A 0
mA0
PM A C A 0
1000 g
(
1 kg )
=
g
( 88 gmol
) ( 0.2)
43.64 kg
V =2479.54 litros 80
V =3099.37 litros
V A =K C 2A
Ecuacin de balance de masa:
XA
t=C A 0
0
dX A
V A
A + B C+ D
CA 0CB0 0 0
Condicin inicial
Condicin final
C A 0C Ao X A C B 0C Ao X A C Ao X A C Ao X A
V A =k C A 0 ( 1 X A ) [ C B 0C A 0 X A ]
XA
dX A
1
t=
k 0 ( 1 X A ) [ C B 0C A 0 X A ]
( 1X A ) [C B 0C A 0 X A ]
A
B
+
( 1 X A ) [ C B 0 C A 0 X A ]
1= A [ C B 0C A 0 X A ]+ B ( 1X A )
1= A C B 0 A C A 0 X A + BB X A
1=( A C A 0B ) X A + A C B 0+ B
(A C A 0 B )=0
A C B 0+ B=1
B=A C A 0
A C B 0 A C A 0=1
A ( C B 0C A 0 ) =1
A=
1
C B 0C A 0
B=
C A 0
C B 0C A 0
1
( 1X A ) [C B 0C A 0 X A ]
A
B
+
( 1 X A ) [ C B 0 C A 0 X A ]
XA
1 X
(
1
A
XA
) [ C B 0C A 0 X A ]
( 1 X A ) [ C B 0C A 0 X A ]
XA
XA
=
0
d XA
+
( 1 X A ) ( C B 0 C A 0 ) 0
1
( C B 0C A 0 )
1
1 X C C X = C C
(
( B 0 A 0)
0
A) [ B0
A0
A]
XA
XA
B
0C
(
A 0 X A )ln C B 0
ln ( 1X A ) +ln
1 X
0
1
A
) [ C B 0C A 0 X A ]
( C B 0C A 0 )
C
( B 0C A 0 X A )
( 1X A )( C B 0 )
XA
( 1 X ) [ C C X ] = ( C C ) ln
0
A
B0
A0
A
B0
A0
Regresando a la integral original
XA
d XA
C A 0 dX A
+
( 1X A ) 0 [ C B 0C A 0 X A ]
XA
d XA
1X
C
( B 0C A 0 X A )
ln ( 1X A ) +ln
X
1
1 X C 1 C X = C C
(
( B 0 A 0)
0
A) [ B0
A0
A]
XA
C A 0
dX A
C B 0C A 0
[C B 0C A 0 X A ]
XA
+
0
C A 0 dX A
[ C B 0C A 0 X A ]
B
0C
(
A 0 X A)
( 1X A ) ( C B 0 )
1
t=
ln
k ( C B 0C A 0 )
Calculamos k a 313 K
Ea
k =e RT
log
k2
T 2T 1
Ea
=
k 1 2.303 R T 2T 1
Sustituimos valores
log
92.4
=
23.5
Ea
2.303 1.987
cal
gmolK
( 293273
293273 )
Despejamos Ea
Ea=10,882.24
cal
gmol
cal
k
gmol
log
=
92.4
cal
2.303 1.987
gmolK
10,882.24
k =305
L
gmolmin
( 313293
313293 )
B
0C
(
A 0 X A)
( 1X A ) ( C B 0 )
1
t=
ln
k ( C B 0C A 0 )
C A 0=5
g 1 gmol
gmol
=0.056
L 88 g
L
C B 0=0.1 N 4
t=
( 0.10.0560.95 )
1
ln
305 ( 0.10.056 )
( 10.95 ) ( 0.1 )
Reaccin irreversible
Reaccin de primer orden
Reactor isotrmico
Volumen constante, densidad constante.
Presin= 1 atm.
Reactor batch
Presin cuando t=50,100 y 500 segundos.
Calculamos k
log k =
logk=
k=
18,963
+ 2logT +12.130
T
18,963
+ 2 log ( 923 )+ 12.130
923
3.3030 x 1 03
seg
PV =nRT
P=
n
RT
V
P=C A 0 RT
C A 0=
P
=
RT
1 atm
gmol
=0.01321
L
atm
0.08205
( 923 K )
gmolK
V A =k C A
C A =C A 0 ( 1X A )
3
V A=
3.3030 x 1 0
C A 0 ( 1X A )
seg
V A=
3.3030 x 1 0
seg
( 1 X )
( 0.01321 gmol
L )
A
V A =4.3633 x 1 05
gmol
( 1X A )
Lseg
t=C A 0
0
dX A
V A
gmol
t= 0.01321
L
t=
XA
(0.01321 gmol
L )
5
4.3633 x 1 0
gmol
Lseg
Lseg
t=302.74 ( ln ( 1X A ) ln 1 )
t
=ln ( 1X A )
302.74
XA
( ln ( 1X A ) )0
e 302.74 =1X A
t
X A =1e 302.74
Para t= 50 segundos
50 seg
X A =1e 302.74
X A =10.8477
X A =0.1522
C A 1=C A 0 ( 1X A )=0.01321
P A 1=C A 1 RT =0.0111
gmol
gmol
( 10.1522 ) =0.0111
L
L
gmol
atm
0.08205
( 923 K )
L
gmolK
P A 1=0.8406 atm
X A =1e 302.74
X A =0.2813
C A 2=0.01321
P A 2=0.0094
gmol
gmol
(10.2813 )=0.0094
L
L
gmol
atm
0.08205
( 923 K )
L
gmolK
P A 2=0.7118 atm
Para t= 500 segundos
500seg
X A =1e 302.74
X A =0.8082
C A 3=0.01321
P A 2=0.0025
gmol
gmol
( 10.8082 )=0.0025
L
L
gmol
atm
0.08205
( 923 K )
L
gmolK
P A 2=0.1893atm