IDB-BISEW ComputerFundamental

Descriptive Questions2
March25,2014IDB-BISEW,IDB-BISEW (CFCourse)CF-Moudle1& 2
1.WhatisHardware?
Ans:Theterm hardwarereferstothephysicalcomponentsofourcomputersuchasthesystem
unit,mouse,keyboard,monitoretc.
2.WhatisMainframecomputer?
Ans:Mainframecomputerisbig,powerful,expensivecomputerswhichusedinthebackground
inlargeorganizations.
2.WhatisaPC/Microcomputer?
Ans:PCpersonalcomputer.Itisamicro-computer.Itisageneralpurposecomputerwhose
size,capabilitiesandpriceislimited,whichmakeitusefulforindividuals.
3.WhatisMac?
Ans:TheAppleMacisacomputer.Itusesdifferentoperatingsystem.Itrequiresspecialversion
ofapplicationprogram.
What is a networked computer?
Ans:Anetworkcomputeralowsconnectingtwoormorecomputerstogether.
5.Whatislaptop?
Ans:Laptopisasmalportablecomputerwhichrunonbateriesaswelasmainpower.
6.WhatisPDA?
Ans:PDAstandsforPersonalDigitalAssistant.Itisasmalsizedevice.Itusesspecialpen
ratherthankeyboard.Itisusedforstoringandretrievinginformation.Itusesmostlybusiness users.
7.Namethepartsofacomputer?
Ans:A.TheCPU,B.Typesofmemory,C.Theharddisk,D.Input/Outputdevice.

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8.WhatisCPU?
AnsCentral: Processing Unit (CPU) is the most i determines how fast our computer will run. It
performsalthecalculationwithinourcomputer,whenrunningprogramssuchasword
processing,spreadsheetanddatabases.
Name the parts of CPU ?
Ans:A.ControlUnit:Thecontrolunitisresponsibleforcontrolingthesequencingandtiming
oftheotherelementsmakinguptheCPU.
B.ALU:ArithmeticLogicUnit(ALU)performsmathematicalcalculationsusingdatastored withintheCPUregisters.
C.Registers:TheregistersarememorystorageareawithintheCPUthatholdsthedatathatis workedonbytheALU.
D.BUS:Thecomputerbustransportsdatabetweenmemoryandregisters.
10.WhatisHardDisk?
Ans : Hard disks are the main, large data sto tostoreouroperatingsystem,ourapplicationprogramsandourdata.
11.Nametheportsofcomputersystem ?
Ans:A.USBPort:TheUniversalSerialBus(USB)isaUSBsocketlocatedatthebackofthe system
whichenablesustoconnectitemstothecomputer,suchasaprinters,scanners,digital camerasandflashdrives.
B.SerialPort:Theserialportisasocketlocatedatthebackofthesystem whichenablesusto
connectitemstothecomputer,suchasamodem.ItiscommonlylabeledasCOM1orCOM2.
C.ParalelPort:Theparalelportisasocketlocatedatthebackofthesystem whichenablesus
toconnectitemstothecomputer,suchasaprinter.ItiscommonlylabeledasLPT1orLPT2.
D.NetworkPort:Thenetworkportalowustopluganetworkcableintoourcomputer,
whichthenletsuscommunicatewithothercomputersconnectedtoourlocalnetworkortoother computersthe
internetvia.
E. Fire wFire Powirte :is an interface from Apple between our computer and a compatible device

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12.Writesomefactorswhichimpactonacomputerperformance?
Ans:i. CPUspeed,ii.RAM ii.siGraphicsze, card ivprocessor.Number ofand m applications running.
13.Whatiscomputermemory?
Ans : Computer memories are the devices. They permanently/physicaly.
14.WhatisRAM?
Ans : The RAM (Random Access Memory) within o loaded.Itismainworkingmemorythatholdsinstructions&
data.Whenthecomputeris switchedof,thecontentsoftheRAM arelost.
15What. is ROM?
Ans: -ReadOMonly memory. It is a special type of m bereadbutnotwritento.
16.WhatisROM-BIOS?
Ans : The-BIOSROM(Read -OnlyBasicMemoryInput/Output System) onthecomputerssystem
motherboard.Itcontainssoftware,whichisrequiredtomakeour
computerwithouroperatingsystem.Forinstanceitisresponsibleforcopyingouroperating system intoRAM
whenweswitchedonourcomputer.
17What. is video (graphics) memory?
Ans:It is a ismemoryused. toIt store picture which is d
What is storage media? Types of storage m
Ans : Storage media are devices that store ap
Typesofstoragemedia:
A).InternalHardDisks,
B).ExternalHardDisks,
C). CDs (A CD can hold up to 750MB data), D).DVDs(ADVDcanholdupto8GBdata),

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E).RecordableCD& DVDdrives,
F). Blue Ray Disk (A Blue Ray disk can hold up
G). USB Flash Drives ( It can hold up to 256 G
.H).Memorycards
,I).Networkdrive& on-linefilestorage.

19.Whatareinputdevices?
Ans: Keyboard, Mouse, Scanners, Tracker balls cameras,Microphonesetc.
20.Whatareoutputdevices?
Ans:Monitor,Projector,Speakers,Headphones,Printersetc.
21.Whatisperipheraldevice?
Ans: Device which can be attached to computer
22.WhatisSpeechsynthesizers?
Ans : Speech synthesizers is the computer gen
translatewriteninformationintooralinformation.Forexample,thecontentsofadisplayscreen
can be automatically read aloud to blind user
23.Namevarioustypesofprinter?DiscusstheLaserprinter,InkjetprinterandDot
Matrixprinter?
AnsTypes: of aprintprinters,.Las: b. Colour laser print Matrixprinters.
Laser printersLaserprinter: produces high print qual printer due to the fact that it contains a s
Inkjet :Whichprinterprinter work by using tiny jets Inkjetprinter.
DotMatrixprinter:Whichprinterworkbyfiringarowofpinsthroughaninkribbonontothe
paperthatiscaledDotMatrixprinter.Themorepinstheprintheadhavethehigherthequality
oftheprint.MostmodernDotMatrixprinterhas24pins.

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24.Whatareinput/outputdevices?
Ans : HDD (Hard Disk Drive), CD (Compact Disk Flash Drive etc.
25.WhatisSoftware?
AnsSoftware: is the collection of instructions
whenwetypewordinkeyboard,thesoftwareisresponsiblefordisplayingthecorectleters,in thecorectplaceonthescreen.
26.Mentioninganyfiveapplicationsprogram andtheiroperations?
Ans:1.Wordprocessingapplication:Awordprocessingprogram (suchasMSWord)alow
ustoproduceleters,memosetc.
2.Spreadsheetapplication:Aspreadsheetprogram (suchasMSExcel)alowustowork
outacompanysincome,expenditureandthencalculatethebalance.
3.E-mailapplication:Weusethesetosendandreceivee-mails.Example:Gmail,Yahoo, Microsoftoutlooketc.
4. Web ngbrowsiapplicationTheseapplications: used to vie
WideWeb(WWW).Example:MozilaFirefox,GoogleChrome,MicrosoftInternetExplorer
etc.
5.Photoeditingapplication:Theseapplicationsalowustoeditphotos.Wecanadjust
brightness,contrastandcolorbalancebytheseapplications.Example:AdobePhotoshop.
27.Whatisdifferencebetweenoperatingsystem andapplicationsoftware?
Ans:Operatingsystem isasystem software,whichloadsautomaticalywhenwestartour
computer.Itmanagescomputerhardwareresourcesandprovidescommonservicesforcomputer programs. On the
other hand, Application soft operating system has been loadedsk.For.Theyexample,aresp
(fordoingaccountsandworkingwithnumbers).
28.WhatisLAN?
Ans: A LAN (Local Area Network) is a system w within a company or organization.
29.WhatisWLAN?
Ans : A WLANLocal(WirelAreassNetwork) allow us to co withoutcables.

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30.WhatisWAN?
Ans : A WAN (Wide Area Network) allow us to c
31.Whatdoesclient/servermean?
Ans:Thesetermsrelatestothetypeofnetworkwhereresourcesarekeptcentralyontheserver and used locally by the
client.
32What. is difference between internet and int
Ans:Internet is a global network of interconnec accessedauthorizedby members of an organization.
What is the difference between intranet a
Ans: extranet is an intranet which is partial
isnormalyonlyaccessiblebymembersofthesamecompanyororganization.
34.WhatisInternet?AdvantagesanddisadvantagesofusingInternet?
Ans:TheInternetisaglobalsystem ofinterconnectedcomputernetworksthatusethestandard
Internetprotocolsuitetoserveseveralbilionusersworldwide.
Advantages of using Internet :
1.Communication,2.Worldshrinking,3.Growthintech,4.Easyfilesharing,5.Cheap communication.
Disadvantages of using Internet :
1.Humansbecominglazier,2.Addictive,3.Explicitcontent,4.Frauds,5.Violationin privacyetc.
35. Mention the characteristics of broadband
Ans:1.Alwayson,2.Flatfeepayment,3.Highspeedaccess,4.Riskofintruderatack.
36.WhatdoesICTmean?
AnsICT: stands for information and siacommunicatioregion term IT&
TisoftenusedInsteadofICT.Thisstandsforinformationtechnologyand telecommunications.

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37.WhatisE-commerce?WritetheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofE-commerce?
Ans : The-commercphrase ise a buzzwordtobuyingwhichor srellingates
Advantages-commerce:of1.EService available 24/7, 2. Lar
productinformation,4.Abilitytocompareprice.
Disadvantages-commerce1of. PossibleE: credit genuine?,cardfraud,3.
Whataboutreturningfaultygoods?,4.Canwetalktoarealperson?
38.WhatisE-banking?WritetheAdvantagesofE-banking?
AnsE-banking:The :phrase-bankinge relates to managing our exchangeourmoneyfrom
oneplacetoanotherplacebye-bankingsystem.Thishasthe
advantagetothebankthatcostscanbereduced.Somebanksarecompletelyonline,withno
physicalbranchesatal,Thecustomerbenefitfrom 24-houraccesstobankingservices.
39.WhatisE-learning?WritetheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofE-learning?
Ans:E-learningreferstolearningviatheinternet.
AdvantagesofE-learning:1.Onetrainercantrainmanypeopleatatimeindiferent locations,learning2.OftensolutionsEvide arethancheaperother tradittopr
methods,3.Ifthetrainingissolelycomputerbased,thenthestudentscanworkattheirown
place.
DisadvantagesofE-learning:1.Theremaybenoopportunitytoaskaquestionarealperson,
2.Theinternetconnectionmaytemporarilyfailforsomereason,3.Thedownloadspeedmaybe too slow forlearningsomeforms. of E
40What. is-workingTele ? Write theadvantages-working?and disa
Ans:Tele-workingisabroadterm whichreferstopeopleworkingatahomeconnectedtothe
rest of the organization via a computer netwo
AdvantagesofTele-working:
1.Reducedorzerocommutingtime,2.Greaterabilitytofocusononework,
3.Flexibleschedules,4.Reducedoficedeskspacerequirements.
Disadvantages-workingof Tele:
1. Lack of human contact, 2. Negative impact
3. -discipline,Self 4. Possible employee exploitat

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41.Describetheterm :E-mail,IM,VoIP,RSS?
AnsElectronicMail:-mail)-mail:(Eallows ageus toto seanotherdamesspers instantly, anywhere in the
world. It requires thisfilescanbesentase-mailatachments.
Instantmessaging(IM):Instantmessagingprovidesamechanism forrealtimecommunication
betweentwoormorepeoplesendingtextmessagesviatheircomputers.
VoiceoverInternetProtocol(VoIP):VoIPisatechnologythatalowsustotalkwithother
peopleviatheinternet.AwelknownVoIPproductsupplierisSkype.
RealySimpleSyndication(RSS):RealySimpleSyndicationisamethodusedtopublish
informationthatneedstobefrequentlyupdated.Suchasnewsheadlines.
What is the -advantagesmail? of using E
Ans:Theadvantagesofe-mail:1.Fast,2.Lowcost,3.Worldwideportability,4.Timezone friendly,5.Web-basedemail.
43.WhatisBlogging?
Ans: A Blog is a combination of the words web entriesthatcanbeviewedbyvisitors.
44.Whatisadigitalsignature?
Ans:ADigitalsignatureisacodewhichisatachedtoanemailtouniquelyidentifythesender.
45.WhatisPodcast?
Ans: A Podcast is a way of providing content
easilydownloadedandlistenedtolateronaPCormobiledevicesuchasanAppleiPod.The term
podcastisacombinationofthewordsiPodandbroadcast.
46.WhatisErgonomics?
Ans: Ergonomics covers the physical environme qualityofanemployeeswelbeing.
47.WhatisRSI?
Ans:RepetitiveStrainInjury(RSI):Thisisaconditioncausedbyconstantuseofthekeyboard
or mouse. We should take regular breaks to he

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48.Whatarethehealthandsafetyprecautionstousecomputer?
Ans : a. Lighting issues, b. Screen and keybo Make sure that cables are safely secured, f.
49.Whatdoyouknowaboutpasswordpolicy?
Ans : portantItisimto choose a password which canno importantpoliciesare:
Password should be eight characters.
Mixture of word & character.
Nevershareourpassword.
Should be changingtimeour. password after speci
Why do you need to backup your computer?
Ans:Iftheharddiskstopsworkingthenimportantandessentialdataofcomputerwilbelost.
51What. is a firewall?
Ans:Firewalisasystem thatsecuresnetworkfrom accessbyunauthorizedusers.Itis implemented by software.
52.Difference between complete and incrementa
Ans: A complete backup means backup all the d backupnewlycreatedormodifiedfilessincethelastbackup.
53.Whatareoff-sitebackups?
Ans:-siteOff backup means storing the data in ext
Ifcomputeristheft/lostbutdatawilbeavailablebecauseitiskeptinexternaldisk.
54.Whatarestepstotaketopreventdatatheft?
Ans:1.Useusernameandpasswordalways.
1.Keepcomputerinphysicalysecureplace.
2.Do not let anybody use portable disk and m

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55.Whatiscomputervirus?Howtoprotectyourcomputerfrom
virusinfection/Antivirus measures?
Ans:VirusViruses: prograaresmallswhich hide themselves o
Protectingagainstcomputervirusinfection/Antivirusmeasures:
1.Not connect to local area network without 2.Withoutusinganti-virussoftwareshouldnotuseinternet.
3.Updateantivirusregularly
4.Becarefulwhensurfingon-line.
5.Deletechainleteres,VirusalertsandJunkmail.
How virus can damage your computer ? What
Ans:Virusescommonlycauseourcomputertoslowdownandcanalsoresultinthelossof importantfiles.
LimitationofAntivirus:Antivirussoftwarecanonlydetectviruseswhichthesoftwareknows
about.Assuchitisvitalthatwekeepourantivirussoftwareuptodate.Sothatitcandetectnew viruses.
57.Whatiscopyright?
Ans:Whenapersonorcompanycreatesmaterial,copyrightgivesthatpersontherightto
control the use of this material. Copyrighttentand is designedtoinform
whocancopy,adaptordistributethatworkwithoutpermissionandwhenthis
is allowed.
What is sites license ?
Ans:Manylargecompaniesdonotgooutandbuyacertainamountofshrink-wrappedcopies
of eachre softwaproduct which they need, instead the

59.Whatisanend-userlicenseagreement?
Ans:Enduserlicenseagreementrepresentsthecontractualconditionsbetweenwe(licensee)
and manufacturer . Byng installingthesoftwareandonbyourregiscom self in agreement with these conditions. If
w instalthesoftware.

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60.Whatarethedefinitionsforfreeware,sharewareandopensource?
Ans:Freeware:Thisis software which can be copied or functional-UNIX,.ExampleLINUX
Shareware:Thisiswherewecanusesoftwareforafreetrialperiodandafterthatwehaveto payforit.
Opensource:Thistypesofsoftwarelicensemakestheprogrammingcodeavailabletoanyone
whowishestoenhanceordevelopthecode.
61.Whatdoesdataprotection& privacyissuesmean?
Ans:Itmeansthatindividualsinformationshouldbesensitiveandprivate.Theinformation
shouldnotbeabused.Thisrightisensuredunderdataprotectionlaw.Theinformationabout
individualshastobetreatedwithrespect.
62.Whydatasecurityisnecessary?
Ans:Dataprotectionisimportantforabusinessrecordkeeping.Alotofinformationis
ireplaceablesuchasfinancialandemployeerecordsincaseoftheft,fireorfloods.
63.DiscussICTineverydaylife?
Ans:Ashumanbeingwearealwaysatachwithlotofessentialthingsinourlife.Jobs,
education,retailing,bankingthesearethecompulsorythingsinourlife.Itwasveryhardtogetin
touchwiththesebeforetechnologychangedourlifeandmadeiteasierforus.Ithascontributed
alottoexchangeourlifefrom writingaleterwhichcouldtakeonemonthtoarivetothe receiverwritingto-mailan
whichereceivedcanbythbe receiver in just goingtotheshoptochooseandbuythingstochooseandbuyusingEcommerceandnoone evenneedstogototheshoptocolecttheirgoods.Stickingwiththebookforwholedaycanbe
veryamusingforthestudents.ThankstoITwhichintroducedustoaninnovativewayof
studying.
What is Modem ?
Ans:Modem shortformodulator-demodulator.Amodem isadeviceorprogram thatenablesa
computertotransmitdataover.Forexample:Telephoneorcablelines.
What dose Drag & Drop mean?
Ans: The concept of selecting an item and then moving it while keeping the mouse buton
Pressed is often called dragging or Drag a

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66.Namevariousbarsavailableinanapplicationwindow?
Ans1.: Title bar, 2. Menu bar, 3. Scroll bar, 4 buttons etc.
67.What is file compression? What is the benefit so file compression?
Ans: File compression smallerletsus. This make is the use fulize o
spaceonadiskorwhenwearesendingafileasanemailatachmentandwewanttokeepthe
sizeofouratachmentsassmalaspossible.
68.Howcanyouviewyourcomputersdetails?
Ans:-Start Controlpanel System andmaintenance Welcomecenter Viewcomputer
details.
69.WhatistheRecyclebin?WhataretheusesofRecycleBin?
Ans:-TheRecyclebinisaDesktopIconwhichcontainsfileswhichhavebeendeletedrecently.
Usesofrecyclebin:1.Restorefilesandfoldersfrom therecyclebin.2.Emptyrecyclebinto
deletedata(Wewilbelostaldataforever).
70 . How can you customize your Desktop?
Ans:Wecancustomizeourdesktopfrom start->controlpanel->personalization.Wecanselect
walpaper,resolution,screenserveretc.
Discuss about various types of drives?
Ans:FloppyDiskDrives,CD/DVD-ROM Drives,PATAHardDrives,ZipDrives,Flash
Drives,SATAHardDrives.HardDiskDrives:Whenwesavedataitisnormalysavedtothe harddiskCD/DVD-ROM
Drives:
72.HowcanyouusediskfilesSearchingOptiontosearchonyourhard?
Ans:wecansearchafilebasedfilename,filesizeandfilecreationandmodificationdate.We
canalsousewildcardstosearchafile.
What isa?storageWrite themedinames of a few common
Ans: Storage media are devices that store app arangeofstoragemediatochoosefrom
includingCDs,DVDs,USBflashdrives,memorycards, internalharddisks,externalharddisks,networkdrivesandonlinefilestorage.

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74.Describehowyoucancloseanapplicationthatisnotresponding?
Ans: Ctrl -+>SelectA+ DeleStart->ApplicationeTask->SelectmanagerTab-applicat> click the buttonEndtask
75.Whatarefiledetails?Howcanyouviewfiledetails?
Ans: File details refers to file size, file t rightclickingthefileandselectproperties.
Shortcut Key : alt + Enter.
76.Definesfiles&folders?
Ans:Files:Afileisanobjectonacomputerthatstoresdata,information,setingorcommands
that are used withFolderaAcomputerfolder:isprogramlocation. tha
77.Whatsthediferencebetweencopy&move?
Ans:Copyistomakeacopyoftheselectedfileorfolderandplacetheduplicateinanother
drive or folder, while move is to move the or movecommanddeletestheoriginalfiles.
78.WhatisSpyware&Cookies?
Ans:Spyware:Spywareisaprogram instaledonourcomputer,withorwithoutour permission, that can change
system configurat theinformationbacktoanoutsideparty.Themostharmfulformscancolect,useanddistribute
ourpersonalinformation,likebankingpasswordsandcreditcardnumbers.
Cookies:A cookie is a small amountand saveofwebdataby geneour
browser.Itspurposeistorememberinformationaboutus,similartoapreferencefilecreatedby asoftwareapplication.
Use of computer application within govern
Ans:Governmentusesspecialydataapplicationsoftwarelike,Microsoftexcel,Accessthey
makeuseofthisapplicationsoftwaretogenerateandstorethegovernmentdocumentthatneed
tobegeneratedcurently,likeCensus,Vehicleregistration,Revenuecolection,Electronic
voting. they make use of computer in computer
80.Useofcomputerapplicationinhospitalhealthcaresystem ?
Ans:Computersareusedinhospitalsforstoringmedicalrecordsorbasictaskssuchasmedical billing. Computers are
also used in the monit everythingfrom bloodglucoselevelstoheartrates.

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