UNGRIA, Louies Amelia E.

2012 02341 | BS CE V 1

26 August 2016
Engr. S. Oleivar
BRIDGE ENGINEERING: Assigment No.

Instantaneous Losses

Loss due to Anchorage Set, fpA

Provisions for losses due to anchorage set is found in article 5.9.5.2.1 of the AASHTO LRFD Bridge
Design Specifications 2012. Values for anchorage set are mentioned in C5.9.5.2.1.
As stated in the book "Design of Prestressed Concrete Structures (3rd ed.)" by T.Y. Lin and N.H. Burns:
"A general formula for computing the loss of prestress due to anchorage deformation a is:

ANC = fs = a Es / L

(4-14)"

where:
a = anchorage deformation
L = length of tendon

Loss due to Friction, fpF

The template calculates losses due to friction for post-tensioned construction as stated in article 5.9.5.2.2b
of the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications 2012.
The template is limited to considering the following:
Losses due to friction between the internal prestressing tendons and the duct:

fpF = fpj (1 - e-(Kx + )))

(5.9.5.2.2b-2)

where:
fpj = stress in the prestressing steel at jacking
x = length of a prestressing tendon from the jacking end to any point under consideration
K = wobble friction coefficient (per ft of tendon)

 = coefficient of friction
= sum of the absolute values of angular change of prestressing steel path from jacking
end, or from the nearest jacking end if
tensioning is done equally at both ends, to the point
under investigation (rad.)
e = base of Napierian logarithms

Loss due to Elastic Shortening, fpES

The template calculates losses due to elastic shortening in post-tensioned members as stated in article
5.9.5.2.3b of the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications 2012.

fpES = N - 1 Ep fcgp
2N Eci

(5.9.5.2.3b-1)

where:
N = number of identical prestressing tendons
fcgp = sum of concrete stresses at the center of gravity of prestressing tendons due to the
prestressing force after jacking and the self-weight of the member at the sections of maximum moment
Ep = modulus of elasticity of prestressing tendons
Eci = modulus of elasticity of concrete at transfer

As stated in the book "Design of Prestressed Concrete Structures (3rd ed.)" by T.Y. Lin and N.H. Burns:
"The elastic shortening for the steel may be written in more general form as follows:

ES = fs = nfcir = Es fcir
Eci

(4-5)"

where:
n = modular ratio at transfer, Es/Eci
fcir = stress in the concrete at level of steel due to prestress force, F
fcir = F + Fe2 - MGe
A I
I

(4-3)

Ref: https://sites.google.com/a/redeqn.com/prestressed-concrete-design/home/design-example/DE-prestress-losses/design-example-instantaneous-losses

Time-dependent Losses
Time-dependent Losses, fpLT
Time-dependent losses include prestress losses due to shrinkage and creep of girder concrete and
relaxation of prestressing strands.
Such losses occur between transfer and deck placement and after deck placement.
The template uses the provisions stated under article 5.9.5.4 (Refined Estimates of Time-Dependent
Losses) of the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications 2012.
fpLT = (fpSR + fpCR + fpR1)id + (fpSD + fpCD + fpR2 - fpSS)df
(5.9.5.4.1-1)
Sum of time-dependent prestress losses between transfer and deck placement, (fpSR + fpCR +
fpR1)id
Losses from time of transfer to time of deck placement can be found in article 5.9.5.4.2 of the AASHTO
LRFD Bridge Design Specifications 2012.
These losses are due to shrinkage and creep of girder concrete and relaxation of prestressing strands.
Prestress Loss
Due to shrinkage of girder concrete between
transfer and deck placement, fpSR
Due to creep of girder concrete between transfer
and deck placement, fpCR
Due to relaxation of prestressing strands between
transfer and deck placement, fpR1

Value
9.28 kN
16.01 kN
21.47 kN

Sum of time-dependent prestress losses after deck placement, (fpSD + fpCD + fpR2 - fpSS)df
Losses between time of deck placement and final time can be found in article 5.9.5.4.3 of the AASHTO
LRFD Bridge Design Specifications 2012.
These losses are due to shrinkage and creep of girder concrete and relaxation of prestressing strands.
Prestress Loss
Due to shrinkage of girder concrete after
deck placement, fpSD
Due to creep of girder concrete after
deck placement, fpCD
Due to relaxation of prestressing strands after
deck placement, fpR2

Value
17.42 kN
42.36 kN
21.47 kN

Ref: https://sites.google.com/a/redeqn.com/prestressed-concrete-design/home/design-example/DE-prestress-losses/DE-time-dependent-losses