Chapter3 MC Quiz

2/12/2015
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CampbellBiology:Chapter3TestPreparation
1. Inasinglemoleculeofwater,twohydrogenatomsarebondedtoasingleoxygenatomby
A)hydrogenbonds.
B)nonpolarcovalentbonds.
C)polarcovalentbonds.
D)ionicbonds.
E)vanderWaalsinteractions.
Answer:C
2. Theslightnegativechargeatoneendofonewatermoleculeisattractedtotheslightpositive
chargeofanotherwatermolecule.Whatisthisattractioncalled?
A)acovalentbond
B)ahydrogenbond
C)anionicbond
D)ahydrophilicbond
E)avanderWaalsinteraction
Answer:B
3. Thepartialnegativechargeinamoleculeofwateroccursbecause
A)theoxygenatomacquiresanadditionalelectron.
B)theelectronssharedbetweentheoxygenandhydrogenatomsspendmoretimearound
theoxygenatomnucleusthanaroundthehydrogenatomnucleus.
C)theoxygenatomhastwopairsofelectronsinitsvalenceshellthatarenotneutralizedby
hydrogenatoms.
D)theoxygenatomformshybridorbitalsthatdistributeelectronsunequallyaroundthe
oxygennucleus.
E)oneofthehydrogenatomsdonatesanelectrontotheoxygenatom.
Answer:B
4. Sulfurisinthesamecolumnoftheperiodictableasoxygen,buthaselectronegativity
similartocarbon.Comparedtowatermolecules,moleculesofHS
A)willionizemorereadily.
B)willhavegreatercohesiontoothermoleculesofHS.
C)willhaveagreatertendencytoformhydrogenbondswitheachother.
D)willhaveahighercapacitytoabsorbheatforthesamechangeintemperature.
E)willnotformhydrogenbondswitheachother.
Answer:E
5. Watermoleculesareabletoformhydrogenbondswith
A)compoundsthathavepolarcovalentbonds.
B)oils.
C)oxygengas(O)molecules.
D)chlorideions.
E)anycompoundthatisnotsolubleinwater.
Answer:A
6. Whichofthefollowingeffectsisproducedbythehighsurfacetensionofwater?
A)Lakesdon'tfreezesolidinwinter,despitelowtemperatures.
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B)Awaterstridercanwalkacrossthesurfaceofasmallpond.
C)Organismsresisttemperaturechanges,althoughtheygiveoffheatduetochemical
reactions.
D)Evaporationofsweatfromtheskinhelpstokeeppeoplefromoverheating.
E)Waterflowsupwardfromtherootstotheleavesinplants.
Answer:B
7. Whichofthefollowingtakesplaceasanicecubecoolsadrink?
A)Molecularcollisionsinthedrinkincrease.
B)Kineticenergyinthedrinkdecreases.
C)Acalorieofheatenergyistransferredfromtheicetothewaterofthedrink.
D)Thespecificheatofthewaterinthedrinkdecreases.
E)Evaporationofthewaterinthedrinkincreases.
Answer:B
8. AdietaryCalorieequals1kilocalorie.Whichofthefollowingstatementscorrectlydefines1
kilocalorie?
A)1,000calories,ortheamountofheatrequiredtoraisethetemperatureof1gofwaterby
1,000C
B)100calories,ortheamountofheatrequiredtoraisethetemperatureof100gofwaterby
1C
C)10,000calories,ortheamountofheatrequiredtoraisethetemperatureof1kgofwater
by1F
D)1,000calories,ortheamountofheatrequiredtoraisethetemperatureof1kgofwater
by1C
E)1,000calories,ortheamountofheatrequiredtoraisethetemperatureof100gofwater
by100C
Answer:D
9. Thenutritionalinformationonacerealboxshowsthatoneservingofadrycerealhas200
kilocalories.Ifoneweretoburnoneservingofthecereal,theamountofheatgivenoff
wouldbesufficienttoraisethetemperatureof20kgofwaterhowmanydegreesCelsius?
A)0.2C
B)1.0C
C)2.0C
D)10.0C
E)20.0C
Answer:D
10. Liquidwater'shighspecificheatismainlyaconsequenceofthe
A)smallsizeofthewatermolecules.
B)highspecificheatofoxygenandhydrogenatoms.
C)absorptionandreleaseofheatwhenhydrogenbondsbreakandform.
D)factthatwaterisapoorheatconductor.
E)higherdensityofliquidwaterthansolidwater(ice).
Answer:C
11. Whichtypeofbondmustbebrokenforwatertovaporize?
A)ionicbonds
B)bothhydrogenbondsandionicbonds
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C)polarcovalentbonds
D)hydrogenbonds
E)bothpolarcovalentbondsandhydrogenbonds
Answer:D
12. Temperatureusuallyincreaseswhenwatercondenses.Whichbehaviorofwaterismost
directlyresponsibleforthisphenomenon?
A)thechangeindensitywhenitcondensestoformaliquidorsolid
B)reactionswithotheratmosphericcompounds
C)thereleaseofheatbytheformationofhydrogenbonds
D)thereleaseofheatbythebreakingofhydrogenbonds
E)thehighsurfacetensionofwater
Answer:C
13. Whydoesevaporationofwaterfromasurfacecausecoolingofthesurface?
A)Thebreakingofbondsbetweenwatermoleculesabsorbsheat.
B)Thewatermoleculeswiththemostheatenergyevaporatemorereadily.
C)Thesolutemoleculesleftbehindabsorbheat.
D)Watermoleculesabsorbheatfromthesurfaceinordertoacquireenoughenergyto
evaporate.
E)Theexpansionofwatervaporextractsheatfromthesurface.
Answer:B
14. Whydoesicefloatinliquidwater?
A)Thehighsurfacetensionofliquidwaterkeepstheiceontop.
B)Theionicbondsbetweenthemoleculesinicepreventtheicefromsinking.
C)Icealwayshasairbubblesthatkeepitafloat.
D)Hydrogenbondsstabilizeandkeepthemoleculesoficefartherapartthanthewater
moleculesofliquidwater.
E)Thecrystallinelatticeoficecausesittobedenserthanliquidwater.
Answer:D
15. Hydrophobicsubstancessuchasvegetableoilare
A)nonpolarsubstancesthatrepelwatermolecules.
B)nonpolarsubstancesthathaveanattractionforwatermolecules.
C)polarsubstancesthatrepelwatermolecules.
D)polarsubstancesthathaveanaffinityforwater.
E)chargedmoleculesthathydrogenbondwithwatermolecules.
Answer:A
16. Onemole(mol)ofglucose(molecularmass=180daltons)is
A)18010moleculesofglucose.
B)1kgofglucosedissolvedin1Lofsolution.
C)thelargestamountofglucosethatcanbedissolvedin1Lofsolution.
D)180kilogramsofglucose.
E)both180gramsofglucoseand6.0210moleculesofglucose.
Answer:E
17. Howmanymoleculesofglucose(CHOmolecularmass=180daltons)wouldbepresent
in90gramsofglucose?
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A)9010
B)(6.02/180)10
C)(6.02/90)10
D)(90x6.02)10
E)(90/180)6.0210
Answer:E
18. Howmanymoleculesofglycerol(CHOmolecularmass=92)wouldbepresentin1Lof
a1Mglycerolsolution?
A)110
B)146.0210
C)926.0210
D)6.0210
E)6.0210
Answer:E
19. Whenanioniccompoundsuchassodiumchloride(NaCl)isplacedinwater,thecomponent
atomsoftheNaClcrystaldissociateintoindividualsodiumions(Na)andchlorideions
(Cl).Incontrast,theatomsofcovalentlybondedmolecules(e.g.,glucose,sucrose,glycerol)
donotgenerallydissociatewhenplacedinaqueoussolution.Whichofthefollowing
solutionswouldbeexpectedtocontainthegreatestnumberofsoluteparticles(moleculesor
ions)?
A)1Lof0.5MNaCl
B)1Lof0.5Mglucose
C)1Lof1.0MNaCl
D)1Lof1.0Mglucose
E)1Lof1.0MNaCland1Lof1.0Mglucosewillcontainequalnumbersofsolute
particles.
Answer:C
20. Themolarmassofglucoseis180g/mol.Whichofthefollowingproceduresshouldyoucarry
outtomakea1Msolutionofglucose?
A)Dissolve1gofglucosein1Lofwater.
B)Dissolve180gofglucosein1Lofwater.
C)Dissolve180gofglucosein180gofwater.
D)Dissolve180milligrams(mg)ofglucosein1Lofwater.
E)Dissolve180gofglucosein0.8Lofwater,andthenaddmorewateruntilthetotal
volumeofthesolutionis1L.
Answer:E
21. Themolarmassofglucose(CHO)is180g/mol.Whichofthefollowingprocedures
shouldyoucarryouttomakea0.5Msolutionofglucose?
A)Dissolve0.5gofglucoseinasmallvolumeofwater,andthenaddmorewateruntilthe
totalvolumeofsolutionis1L.
B)Dissolve90gofglucoseinasmallvolumeofwater,andthenaddmorewateruntilthe
totalvolumeofthesolutionis1L.
C)Dissolve180gofglucoseinasmallvolumeofwater,andthenaddmorewateruntilthe
totalvolumeofthesolutionis1L.
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D)Dissolve0.5gofglucosein1Lofwater.
E)Dissolve180gofglucosein0.5Lofwater.
Answer:B
22. Youhaveafreshlyprepared0.1Msolutionofglucoseinwater.Eachliterofthissolution
containshowmanyglucosemolecules?
A)6.0210
B)3.0110
C)6.0210
D)12.0410
E)6.0210
Answer:E
23. Themolecularweightofwateris18daltons.Whatisthemolarityof1literofpurewater?
(Hint:Whatisthemassof1literofpurewater?)
A)55.6M
B)18M
C)37M
D)0.66M
E)1.0M
Answer:A
24. Youhaveafreshlyprepared1Msolutionofglucoseinwater.Youcarefullypourouta100
mLsampleofthatsolution.Howmanyglucosemoleculesareincludedinthat100mL
sample?
A)6.0210
B)3.0110
C)6.0210
D)12.0410
E)6.0210
Answer:E
25. AstrongacidlikeHCl
A)ionizescompletelyinanaqueoussolution.
B)increasesthepHwhenaddedtoanaqueoussolution.
C)reactswithstrongbasestocreateabufferedsolution.
D)isastrongbufferatlowpH.
E)bothionizescompletelyinaqueoussolutionsandisastrongbufferatlowpH.
Answer:A
26. Whichofthefollowingionizescompletelyinsolutionandisconsideredtobeastrongbase
(alkali)?
A)NaCl
B)HCl
C)NH
D)HCO
E)NaOH
Answer:E
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27. A0.01MsolutionofasubstancehasapHof2.Whatcanyouconcludeaboutthis
substance?
A)Itisastrongacidthationizescompletelyinwater.
B)Itisastrongbasethationizescompletelyinwater.
C)Itisaweakacid.
D)Itisaweakbase.
E)Itisneitheranacidnorabase.
Answer:A
28. Agivensolutioncontains0.0001(10)molesofhydrogenions[H]perliter.Whichofthe
followingbestdescribesthissolution?
A)acidic:willacceptHfrombothstrongandweakacids
B)basic:willacceptHfrombothstrongandweakacids
C)acidic:willgiveHtoweakacids,butacceptH+fromstrongacids
D)basic:willgiveHtoweakacids,butacceptHfromweakacids
E)acidic:willgiveHtobothstrongandweakacids
Answer:C
29. Asolutioncontains0.0000001(10)molesofhydroxylions[OH]perliter.Whichofthe
followingbestdescribesthissolution?
A)acidic:Hacceptor
B)basic:Hacceptor
C)acidic:Hdonor
D)basic:Hdonor
E)neutral
Answer:E
30. WhatisthepHofasolutionwithahydroxylion[OH]concentrationof10M?
A)pH2
B)pH4
C)pH10
D)pH12
E)pH14
Answer:A
31. WhatisthepHofa1millimolarNaOHsolution?
A)pH3
B)pH8
C)pH9
D)pH10
E)pH11
Answer:E
32. Whichofthefollowingsolutionswouldrequirethegreatestamountofbasetobeaddedto
bringthesolutiontoneutralpH?
A)gastricjuiceatpH2
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B)vinegaratpH3
C)tomatojuiceatpH4
D)blackcoffeeatpH5
E)householdbleachatpH12
Answer:A
33. Whatisthehydrogenion[H]concentrationofasolutionofpH8?
A)8M
B)8x10M
C)0.01M
D)10M
E)10M
Answer:D
34. IfthepHofasolutionisdecreasedfrom9to8,itmeansthatthe
A)concentrationofHhasdecreasedtoonetenth(1/10)whatitwasatpH9.
B)concentrationofHhasincreasedtenfold(10X)comparedtowhatitwasatpH9.
C)concentrationofOHhasincreasedtenfold(10X)comparedtowhatitwasatpH9.
D)concentrationofOHhasdecreasedtoonetenth(1/10)whatitwasatpH9.
E)concentrationofHhasincreasedtenfold(10X)andtheconcentrationofOHhas
decreasedtoonetenth(1/10)whattheywereatpH9.
Answer:E
35. IfthepHofasolutionisincreasedfrompH5topH7,itmeansthatthe
A)concentrationofHistwice(2X)whatitwasatpH5.
B)concentrationofHisonehalf(1/2)whatitwasatpH5.
C)concentrationofOHis100timesgreaterthanwhatitwasatpH5.
D)concentrationofOHisonehundredth(0.01X)whatitwasatpH5.
E)concentrationofHis100timesgreaterandtheconcentrationofOHisonehundredth
whattheywereatpH5.
Answer:C
36. OneliterofasolutionofpH2hashowmanymorehydrogenions(H)than1Lofasolution
ofpH6?
A)4timesmore
B)16timesmore
C)40,000timesmore
D)10,000timesmore
E)100,000timesmore
Answer:D
37. OneliterofasolutionofpH9hashowmanymorehydroxylions(OH)than1Lofa
solutionofpH4?
A)5timesmore
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B)32timesmore
C)50,000timesmore
D)10,000timesmore
E)100,000timesmore
Answer:E
38. Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutbuffersolutions?
A)TheymaintainaconstantpHwhenbasesareaddedtothembutnotwhenacidsare
addedtothem.
B)TheymaintainaconstantpHwhenacidsareaddedtothembutnotwhenbasesare
addedtothem.
C)TheymaintainarelativelyconstantpHofapproximately7wheneitheracidsorbasesare
addedtothem.
D)TheymaintainarelativelyconstantpHwheneitheracidsorbasesareaddedtothem.
E)Theyarefoundonlyinlivingsystemsandbiologicalfluids.
Answer:D
39. BuffersaresubstancesthathelpresistshiftsinpHby
A)releasingHtoasolutionwhenacidsareadded.
B)donatingHtoasolutionwhenbasesareadded.
C)releasingOHtoasolutionwhenbasesareadded.
D)acceptingHfromasolutionwhenacidsareadded.
E)bothdonatingHtoasolutionwhenbasesareadded,andacceptingHwhenacidsare
added.
Answer:E
40. OneofthebuffersthatcontributetopHstabilityinhumanbloodiscarbonicacid(HCO).
Carbonicacidisaweakacidthatdissociatesintoabicarbonateion(HCO)anda
hydrogenion(H).Thus,
HCOHCO+H
IfthepHoftheblooddrops,onewouldexpect
A)adecreaseintheconcentrationofHCOandanincreaseintheconcentrationof
HCO.
B)theconcentrationofhydroxideion(OH)toincrease.
C)theconcentrationofbicarbonateion(HCO)toincrease.
D)theHCOtoactasabaseandremoveexcessHwiththeformationofHCO.
E)theHCOtoactasanacidandremoveexcessHwiththeformationofHCO.
Answer:D
41. OneofthebuffersthatcontributetopHstabilityinhumanbloodiscarbonicacid(HCO).
Carbonicacidisaweakacidthat,whenplacedinanaqueoussolution,dissociatesintoa
bicarbonateion(HCOandahydrogenion(H).Thus,
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HCOHCO+H
IfthepHofthebloodincreases,onewouldexpect
A)adecreaseintheconcentrationofHCOandanincreaseintheconcentrationof
HCO.
B)anincreaseintheconcentrationofHCOandadecreaseintheconcentrationof
HCO.
C)adecreaseintheconcentrationofHCOandanincreaseintheconcentrationofH.
D)anincreaseintheconcentrationofHCOandadecreaseintheconcentrationofOH.
E)adecreaseintheconcentrationofHCOandanincreaseintheconcentrationofboth
HHCOandH.
Answer:A
42. AssumethatacidrainhasloweredthepHofaparticularlaketopH4.0.Whatisthe
hydroxylionconcentrationofthislake?
A)110molofhydroxylionperliteroflakewater
B)110molofhydroxylionperliteroflakewater
C)10.0Mwithregardtohydroxylionconcentration
D)4.0Mwithregardtohydroxylionconcentration
E)110molofhydroxylionperliteroflakewaterand4.0Mwithregardtohydrogen
ionconcentration
Answer:A
43. Researchindicatesthatacidprecipitationcandamagelivingorganismsby
A)bufferingaquaticsystemssuchaslakesandstreams.
B)decreasingtheHconcentrationoflakesandstreams.
C)increasingtheOHconcentrationoflakesandstreams.
D)washingawaycertainmineralionsthathelpbuffersoilsolutionandareessential
nutrientsforplantgrowth.
E)bothdecreasingtheHconcentrationoflakesandstreamsandincreasingtheOH
concentrationoflakesandstreams.
Answer:D
44. Considertwosolutions:solutionXhasapHof4solutionYhasapHof7.Fromthis
information,wecanreasonablyconcludethat
A)solutionYhasnofreehydrogenions(H).
B)theconcentrationofhydrogenionsinsolutionXis30timesasgreatastheconcentration
ofhydrogenionsinsolutionY.
C)theconcentrationofhydrogenionsinsolutionYis1,000timesasgreatasthe
concentrationofhydrogenionsinsolutionX.
D)theconcentrationofhydrogenionsinsolutionXis3timesasgreatastheconcentration
ofhydrogenionsinsolutionY.
E)theconcentrationofhydrogenionsinsolutionXis1,000timesasgreatasthe
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concentrationofhydrogenionsinsolutionY.
Answer:E
45. IfasolutionhasapHof7,thismeansthat
A)therearenoHionsinthewater.
B)thisisasolutionofpurewater.
C)theconcentrationofHionsinthewaterequalstheconcentrationofOHionsinthe
water.
D)thisisasolutionofpurewater,andtheconcentrationofHionsinthewateris10M.
E)thisisasolutionofpurewater,andtheconcentrationofHionsequalstheconcentration
ofOHionsinthewater.
Answer:C
46. Carbondioxide(CO)isreadilysolubleinwater,accordingtotheequationCO+HO
HCO.Carbonicacid(HCO)isaweakacid.RespiringcellsreleaseCOintothe
bloodstream.WhatwillbetheeffectonpHofbloodasthatbloodfirstcomesincontactwith
respiringcells?
A)BloodpHwilldecreaseslightly.
B)BloodpHwillincreaseslightly.
C)BloodpHwillremainunchanged.
D)BloodpHwillfirstincrease,thendecreaseasCOcombineswithhemoglobin.
E)BloodpHwillfirstdecrease,thenincreasesharplyasCOcombineswithhemoglobin.
Answer:A
47. Abeakercontains100mLofNaOHsolutionatpH=13.Atechniciancarefullypoursinto
thebeaker10mLofHClatpH=1.Whichofthefollowingstatementscorrectlydescribes
theresultsofthismixing?
A)TheconcentrationofNaionrises.
B)TheconcentrationofClionwillbe0.1M.
C)TheconcentrationofundissociatedHOmoleculesremainsunchanged.
D)ThepHofthebeaker'scontentswillbeneutral.
E)ThepHofthebeaker'scontentsfalls.
Answer:E
48. Equalvolumes(5mL)ofvinegarfromafreshlyopenedbottleareaddedtoeachofthe
followingsolutions.Aftercompletemixing,whichofthemixtureswillhavethehighestpH?
A)100mLofpurewater
B)100mLoffreshlybrewedcoffee
C)100mLofhouseholdcleansercontaining0.5Mammonia
D)100mLoffreshlysqueezedorangejuice
E)100mLoftomatojuice
Answer:C
49. IncreasedatmosphericCOconcentrationsmighthavewhateffectonseawater?
A)Seawaterwillbecomemoreacidic,andbicarbonateconcentrationswilldecrease.
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B)Seawaterwillbecomemorealkaline,andcarbonateconcentrationswilldecrease.
C)TherewillbenochangeinthepHofseawater,becausecarbonatewillturnto
bicarbonate.
D)Seawaterwillbecomemoreacidic,andcarbonateconcentrationswilldecrease.
E)Seawaterwillbecomemoreacidic,andcarbonateconcentrationswillincrease.
Answer:D
50. Howwouldacidificationofseawateraffectmarineorganisms?
A)Acidificationwouldincreasedissolvedcarbonateconcentrationsandpromotefaster
growthofcoralsandshellbuildinganimals.
B)Acidificationwoulddecreasedissolvedcarbonateconcentrationsandpromotefaster
growthofcoralsandshellbuildinganimals.
C)Acidificationwouldincreasedissolvedcarbonateconcentrationsandhindergrowthof
coralsandshellbuildinganimals.
D)Acidificationwoulddecreasedissolvedcarbonateconcentrationsandhindergrowthof
coralsandshellbuildinganimals.
E)Acidificationwouldincreasedissolvedbicarbonateconcentrations,andcauseincreased
calcificationofcoralsandshellfish.
Answer:D
51. OneideatomitigatetheeffectsofburningfossilfuelsonatmosphericCOconcentrationsis
topipeliquidCOintotheoceanatdepthsof2,500feetorgreater.Atthehighpressuresat
suchdepths,COisheavierthanwater.Whatpotentialeffectsmightresultfrom
implementingsuchascheme?
A)increasedphotosyntheticcarbonfixationbecauseoftheincreaseddissolvedcarbon
dioxideinthedeepwater
B)increasedcarbonateconcentrationsinthedeepwaters
C)reducedgrowthofcoralsfromachangeinthecarbonatebicarbonateequilibrium
D)noeffectbecausecarbondioxideisnotsolubleinwater
E)bothincreasedacidityofthedeepwatersandchangesinthegrowthofbottomdwelling
organismswithcalciumcarbonateshells
Answer:E
52. IfthecytoplasmofacellisatpH7,andthemitochondrialmatrixisatpH8,thismeansthat
A)theconcentrationofHionsistenfoldhigherinthecytoplasmthaninthemitochondrial
matrix.
B)theconcentrationofHionsistenfoldhigherinthemitochondrialmatrixthaninthe
cytoplasm.
C)theconcentrationofHionsinthecytoplasmis7/8theconcentrationinthe
mitochondrialmatrix.
D)themitochondrialmatrixismoreacidicthanthecytoplasm.
E)theconcentrationofHionsinthecytoplasmis8/7theconcentrationinthe
mitochondrialmatrix.
Answer:A
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53.
Basedonyourknowledgeofthepolarityofwatermolecules,thesolutemoleculedepicted
hereismostlikely
A)positivelycharged.
B)negativelycharged.
C)withoutcharge.
D)hydrophobic.
E)nonpolar.
Answer:A
54.
Howmanygramswouldbeequalto1molofthecompoundshowninthefigureabove?
(carbon=12,oxygen=16,hydrogen=1)
A)29
B)30
C)60
D)150
E)342
Answer:C
55.
Howmanygramsofthecompoundinthefigureabovewouldberequiredtomake1Lofa
0.5Msolution?
A)29
B)30
C)60
D)150
E)342
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Answer:B
56.
Howmanygramsofthecompoundinthefigureabovewouldberequiredtomake2.5Lofa
1Msolution?
A)29
B)30
C)60
D)150
E)342
Answer:D
57.
Asmallbirthdaycandleisweighed,thenlightedandplacedbeneathametalcancontaining
100mLofwater.Carefulrecordsarekeptasthetemperatureofthewaterrises.Datafrom
thisexperimentareshownonthegraph.Whatamountofheatenergyisreleasedinthe
burningofcandlewax?
A)0.5kilocaloriespergramofwaxburned
B)5kilocaloriespergramofwaxburned
C)10kilocaloriespergramofwaxburned
D)20kilocaloriespergramofwaxburned
E)50kilocaloriespergramofwaxburned
Answer:A
58.
Identicalheatlampsarearrangedtoshineonidenticalcontainersofwaterandmethanol
(woodalcohol),sothateachliquidabsorbsthesameamountofenergyminutebyminute.
Thecovalentbondsofmethanolmoleculesarenonpolar,sotherearenohydrogenbonds
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amongmethanolmolecules.Whichofthefollowinggraphscorrectlydescribeswhatwill
happentothetemperatureofthewaterandthemethanol?
[SEEIMAGEFORCHOICES]
Answer:B
59.
Whichofthesemoleculeswouldbesolubleinwater?
Answer:B
60.
Carbondioxide(CO)isreadilysolubleinwater,accordingtotheequationCO+HO
HCO.Carbonicacid(HCO)isaweakacid.IfCOisbubbledintoabeakercontaining
pure,freshlydistilledwater,whichofthefollowinggraphscorrectlydescribestheresults?
Answer:B
61. Youhavetwobeakers.Onecontainspurewater,theothercontainspuremethanol(wood
alcohol).Thecovalentbondsofmethanolmoleculesarenonpolar,sotherearenohydrogen
bondsamongmethanolmolecules.Youpourcrystalsoftablesalt(NaCl)intoeachbeaker.
Predictwhatwillhappen.
A)EqualamountsofNaClcrystalswilldissolveinbothwaterandmethanol.
B)NaClcrystalswillNOTdissolveineitherwaterormethanol.
C)NaClcrystalswilldissolvereadilyinwaterbutwillnotdissolveinmethanol.
D)NaClcrystalswilldissolvereadilyinmethanolbutwillnotdissolveinwater.
E)WhenthefirstcrystalsofNaClareaddedtowaterortomethanol,theywillnotdissolve
butasmorecrystalsareadded,thecrystalswillbegintodissolvefasterandfaster.
Answer:C
62. Youhavetwobeakers.OnecontainsasolutionofHClatpH=1.0.Theothercontainsa
solutionofNaOHatpH=13.Intoathirdbeaker,youslowlyandcautiouslypour20mLof
theHCland20mLoftheNaOH.Aftercompletestirring,thepHofthemixturewillbe
A)2.0.
B)12.0.
C)7.0.
D)5.0.
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E)9.0.
Answer:C
63. Manymammalscontroltheirbodytemperaturebysweating.Whichpropertyofwateris
mostdirectlyresponsiblefortheabilityofsweattolowerbodytemperature?
A)water'schangeindensitywhenitcondenses
B)water'sabilitytodissolvemoleculesintheair
C)thereleaseofheatbytheformationofhydrogenbonds
D)theabsorptionofheatbythebreakingofhydrogenbonds
E)water'shighsurfacetension
Answer:D
64. Thebondsthatarebrokenwhenwatervaporizesare
A)ionicbonds.
B)hydrogenbondsbetweenwatermolecules.
C)covalentbondsbetweenatomswithinwatermolecules.
D)polarcovalentbonds.
E)nonpolarcovalentbonds.
Answer:B
65. Whichofthefollowingisahydrophobicmaterial?
A)paper
B)tablesalt
C)wax
D)sugar
E)pasta
Answer:C
66. WecanbesurethatamoleoftablesugarandamoleofvitaminCareequalintheir
A)massindaltons.
B)massingrams.
C)volume.
D)numberofatoms.
E)numberofmolecules.
Answer:E
67. MeasurementsshowthatthepHofaparticularlakeis4.0.Whatisthehydrogenion
concentrationofthelake?
A)4.0M
B)10M
C)10M
D)10M
E)4%
Answer:C
68. MeasurementsshowthatthepHofaparticularlakeis4.0.Whatisthehydroxideion
concentrationofthelake?
A)10M
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B)10M
C)10M
D)10M
E)10M
Answer:A
69. Asliceofpizzahas500kcal.Ifwecouldburnthepizzaandusealltheheattowarma50L
containerofcoldwater,whatwouldbetheapproximateincreaseinthetemperatureofthe
water?(Note:Aliterofcoldwaterweighsabout1kg.)
A)50C
B)5C
C)1C
D)100C
E)10C
Answer:E
70. Howmanygramsofaceticacid(CHO)wouldyouusetomake10Lofa0.1Maqueous
solutionofaceticacid?(Note:Theatomicmasses,indaltons,areapproximately12for
carbon,1forhydrogen,and16foroxygen.)
A)10g
B)0.1g
C)6.0g
D)60g
E)0.6g
Answer:D
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