Professional Documents
Culture Documents
PRESENTED TO
ENGR. ELIJAH SERATE
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT
OF THE REQUIREMENTS
IN
ME 421- MACHINE DESIGN 2
BY
ROMMEL LITO C. NEPALAR
2012
CONTENTS:
INTRODUCTION3
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE..4
Other Crusher Types.4
Single Roll Crusher4
Jaw Crusher..5
Brad-multi Roll Crusher.5
Clinker Crusher6
DRAWING..7
Isometric View (a)7
Isometric View (b)8
Top View.9
Front View10
Side View..10
DESIGN CONSIDERATION.11
DESIGN CALCULATION11
Solving for Radius of the Rolls 11
Solving for Feedrate12
Solving for the Crusher Power12
Solving for the Force Required.....13
Solving for Torque13
Design Horsepower to drive mechanism including losses14
Transmitted Power on V-belt.14
DRIVING SYSTEM DESIGN.14
V-belt Design..14
Solving for Design Hp.14
Solving for the Diameter of the Drive and Driven Sheave.15
Solving for Center Distance15
Solving for V-belt Length.15
Solving for V-belt Speed..16
Solving for kd(small diameter factor).16
Solving for Rated Hp. 16
Solving for Adjusted Hp16
Solving for the Number of Belts17
Solving for the Tension.17
Computing the Arc of Contact.18
Power Transmitted on V-belt..18
Solving for Thickness of Sheave.18
Computing the weight of the Motor Sheave..19
Computing the weight of the Driven Sheave..19
SHAFT DESIGN..19
Shaft 1 19
Computing the Angle of Wrap.20
Solving for Forces on Belt at Section A.20
Forces at Section A due to Weight of the Sheave, W2..21
MACHINE DESIGN 2
2012
MACHINE DESIGN 2
2012
INTRODUCTION
Double roll crushers consist of two adjacent rolls placed parallel to each other and
rotated in opposite directions. These are typically used in situations in which fines are to be
minimized. They are widely employed on friable materials such as coal, lime, limestone,
petroleum coke, and chemicals.
As the two rolls rotate toward each other, the material is pulled down into the crushing
zone where it is grabbed and compressed by the rolls.
Product size is determined by the size of the gap between the rolls, and this gap can be
changed to vary product size or to compensate for wear.
Since both rolls rotate at the same speed, there is no relative motion between the two
roll surfaces, and crushing is primarily accomplished by compression.
Compression crushing is extremely efficient, as energy is only used to crush those
particles larger than the gap between the rolls. Fines are reduced because already sized material
passes freely through the crusher with no further reduction.
Protection from uncrushables is provided by means of a retractable roll assembly. It
retracts instantly when an uncrushable is encountered, then reverts to its original position once
the uncrushable has cleared the crushing chamber with no stoppage of the crusher.
MACHINE DESIGN 2
2012
MACHINE DESIGN 2
2012
Jaw Crusher
For crushing of
hard, abrasive materials,
Jaw Crushers are often
preferred, since this type of
machine will crush virtually
any mineral.
Jaw Crushers differ
substantially from other
types of crushers. There is
no rotary motion in the
crushing cycle, and all
crushing is done by
compression of the feed
material between two massive jaws, which in effect are a type of breaker plate. Jaw plates can
be either smooth or corrugated.
While one jaw is fixed, the other jaw pivots about a top hinge. This moving jaw is shaped
to move firmly and squarely against the material, at 250 to 400 strokes per minute. There is no
rubbing or grinding, only compression, which produces a generally cubical product with
minimum fines.
The moving jaw is so balanced that fully 95% of the drive motor power is used for
crushing, while only 5% of the power is needed to move the jaw itself. As a result of this high
mechanical efficiency, smaller motors may be used, keeping power costs down.
Behind the stationary jaw are shims, used to compensate for plate wear and to adjust
the closed side setting. For protection from uncrushables, there is also an automatic drive
disengagement feature that acts instantaneously on the moveable jaw assembly.
MACHINE DESIGN 2
2012
The Brad-Multi-Roll Crusher is well suited to abrasive materials. To compensate for any
reduction in charge level resulting from wear, additional charge can simply be added. This
greatly simplifies maintenance, and provides a machine with exceptionally high availability.
For some closed-circuit applications, integral screening can be accomplished. The great
compactness of this design means that a smaller building is required, while minimizing the need
for peripheral equipment. Optional sound housings can be provided to control noise emissions.
When compared with other machines that require air classification to achieve specified
product sizes, users of the Brad-Multi-Roll Crusher will enjoy significant and continuing savings
in power costs.
Clinker Crusher
The Clinker Crusher is used
for handling of bottom ash, though it
can readily be configured to handle
other materials.
It is now widely employed as
a direct replacement for the most
common makes and sizes of clinker
grinders. Its efficient design improves
maintainability
and
increases
component life, thereby reducing both
operation and maintenance costs.
For example, the cast, high
chrome roll segments are reversible to
maximize their wear life. These
segments can also be changed out
with the unit in place by means of a large door in the rear of the frame.
For retrofit, no changes to foundations are needed under normal circumstances.
MACHINE DESIGN 2
2012
DRAWING:
MACHINE DESIGN 2
2012
MACHINE DESIGN 2
2012
Top View
MACHINE DESIGN 2
2012
Front View
Side View
MACHINE DESIGN 2
10
2012
DESIGN CONSIDERATION:
Roll Crusher Type: Double Roll Crusher
Material to be crushed: Bituminous coal, Broken
Maximum Feed Size: 2 3/8 in.
Distance Between rolls: 1 in.
Operating Condition: dry condition
Further specifications and design considerations were made along the design process.
DESIGN CALCULATION:
Solving for Radius of the Rolls: (assuming all surfaces are smooth and particle to be
crushed is spherical)
To solve for the radius of the rolls, it is convenient to assume that the particle to be
crushed is spherical and roll surfaces are smooth. The figure below shows a spherical particle
about to enter the crushing zone of a roll crusher. The nip angle is defined as the angle that is
tangent to the roll surfaces at the points of contact between the rolls and the particle. Usually
the nip angle is between 20 and 30 but in some large roll crushers it is up to 40.
For the design I choose 20 nip angle.
Where:
D/2
R= 6.067001948 in.
D= 12.1340039
MACHINE DESIGN 2
11
2012
For the roll diameter, the calculated diameter is not available in the market so I use D = 15
available at http://www.gundlachcrushers.com/crushers/roll-crushers-coal-salts-limeminerals.cfm with a chisel tooth profile.
MACHINE DESIGN 2
12
2012
T= 636.8615984 lb-ft
MACHINE DESIGN 2
13
2012
F = 1018.978557 lb
MACHINE DESIGN 2
14
2012
C= 43.5 in.
I choose C = 48 in. which is longer
Note: The center distance is made adjustable so that the belts can be mounted into the grooves
without harmful stretching and so that initial tension can be maintained (Faires, p. 457).
MACHINE DESIGN 2
15
2012
From table 17.3, Standard V-belt length (by Faires p. 458) at section D, select D158 with pitch
length equal to 161.3 in.
Where :
Vm= belt speed, 1701.696021 ft/min
Kd = 1.14
Rated hp constants:
a= 18.788
c= 137.7
e= 0.0848
Rated hp constants (from table 17.3, by Faires, p. 458)
*
Rated Hp = 9.505200567 Hp
MACHINE DESIGN 2
16
2012
Where:
Kl= Length correction factor, 0.92 from table 17.6 Length Correction Factors by Faires, (p.459)
k= arc of contact factor
From table 17.5, Arc of Contact factors (Faires, p.459)
(D2 D1) / C = (48 13) / 48
= 0.729166666
By interpolation,
0.70
0.729166666
0.80
0.89
K
0.87
K = 0.884166668
Therefore,
Adjusted Hp = 0.92 x 0.884166668 x 9.505200567
= 7.731846993 Hp
Use 4 D158 leather V-belts with pitch length equal to 161.3 in. from section D, b x t = 1 in., 3/4
in., figure 17.14, Belt Section from Horsepower and Speed by Faires, p. 457.
F2
F1 / F2 = ef
Eq. 1
MACHINE DESIGN 2
17
2012
Where:
F1 = total tension on the tight side, lb
F2 = total tension on the slack side, lb
f = coefficient of friction, 0.25 from Table 16-15 Coefficient of Friction for Belts,
for leather on cast iron pulley
= arc of contact, rad
Eq.2
Eq. 3
MACHINE DESIGN 2
18
2012
= (1 )x 4
T = 5 in.
SHAFT DESIGN
Shaft 1
Design Consideration:
Material Used: AISI C1117 Normalized Carbon Steel
Tensile strength: 63,700 psi
Yield strength: 35,000 psi
From Table AT 8 Typical Properties of Steel (Faires, p.578)
Shaft diameter: 4 in
MACHINE DESIGN 2
19
2012
8"
36"
36"
Fx1
F1
Fy1
F2
Fy2
Fr
Ft
Fx2
Components of shaft 1
MACHINE DESIGN 2
20
2012
MACHINE DESIGN 2
21
2012
w = (4751.658889) (.283244983)
w = 1345.883541 lbs.
19/16
x
w
3/4
1 1/2
X = ( )
X = 0.920682491
W = 2(0.920682491)
W = 1.841364983
Therefore:
A = (1.841364983)(50)(0.6)
A = 55.24094949 in2
Fr = 500 x 55.24094949
Fr= 27620.47475 lbs.
Ft = force required to drive the crusher, 1018.978557 lb
Total Roll Load
FVC = w - Ft
FVC = 1345.883541- 1018.978557
FVC = 326.904984 lbs (downward)
FHC = Fr = 27620.47475 lbs
MACHINE DESIGN 2
22
2012
Fvc
8"
36"
36"
Rvb
Rvd
6.53809968 lb/in
A
8"
11"
11"
50"
2867.396978 lbs
106.9419566 lbs
MACHINE DESIGN 2
23
2012
Shear Diagram
433.846941 lbs
106.941957 lbs
2433.550037 lbs
Moment Diagram
1176.386495 in-lb
14696.08395 in-lb
19468.4003 in-lb
FHC
8"
36"
36"
RHB
RHD
MACHINE DESIGN 2
24
2012
8"
11"
11"
50"
12665.22315 lbs
13924.7388 lbs
Shear Diagram
13695.73596 lbs
1030.512805 lbs
X = 24.79326224 in
13924.7388 lbs
Moment Diagram
328678.1846 in-lb
158897.198 in-lb
153172.1267 in-lb
8244.10244 in-lb
MACHINE DESIGN 2
25
2012
Resultant moment
MB =
MB = 21141.99223 in-lb
Mc =
MC = 159575.3565 in-lb
MD=
MD= 153176.6461 in-lb
MF=
MF= 328678.1846 in-lb
Therefore, maximum moment occurs at section F.
Load
Vertical
2433.550037 lbs
2867.396978 lbs
326.904984 lbs
106.9419566 lbs
Horizontal
1030.512805 lbs
12665.22315 lbs
27620.47475 lbs
13924.7388lbs
Resultant
2642.749028 lbs
12985.75538 lbs
27622.40924 lbs
13925.14945 lbs
Moment
Vertical
13468.4003 in-lb
14696.08395 in-lb
1176.38695 in-lb
0
Horizontal
8244.10244 in-lb
158897.198 in-lb
153172.1287 in-lb
328678.1846 in-lb
Resultant
21141.99223 in-lb
159575.3565 in-lb
153176.6461 in -lb
328678.1846 in -lb
MACHINE DESIGN 2
26
2012
Must be hard.
Rolling fatigue life must be long.
Wear must be slight.
Must be shock-resistant.
Dimensions must not vary largely with the passing of time.
Must be economical and easy to machine.
Design Consideration:
Material Used for the bearing: High Carbon Chrome Bearing Steel
The expected life of operation for the bearings is 10 years for 16 hrs/day operation.
Shaft diameter may be reduced to accommodate the bearing.
Where:
Fc = catalog rating of bearing, lb (Table 9-7 & 9-8)
Fr= actual radial load on the bearing, 4643.7678 lbs
Ka= application factor taking into account the amount of shock (Table 9-4), 1.0
for uniform and steady load
Kl =
, life factor
= 1.800822669
MACHINE DESIGN 2
27
2012
Ko= oscillation factor, 1.0 for constant rotational speeds of the races
Kp = preloading factor, 1.0 for non-preloaded ball bearings
Ks =
, speed factor
= 0.646994673
t = 5/8
MACHINE DESIGN 2
28
2012
Shearing Stress, Ss
Ss=
Where:
Sy = yield stress, 35,000 psi
Fs = factor of safety, 3.0 from Table 1.1 Factors of Safety for repeated, one
direction, gradual mild shock (Faires, p.20)
Therefore,
Ss =
= 5833.3333333 psi
Compressive Stress, Sc
Sc=
Where:
Sy = yield stress, 35,000 psi
Fs = factor of safety, 3.0 from Table 1.1 Factors of Safety for repeated, one
direction, gradual mild shock (Faires, p.20)
Therefore,
Sc =
= 11,666.66667 psi
MACHINE DESIGN 2
29
2012
F = 4129.610638 lbs.
in x in Key.
Design Condition:
Material Used: AISI C1117, Normalized Carbon Steel
Sy : 35,000 psi
Su : 63,700 psi
From Table AT 8 Typical Properties of Steel (Faires, p.578)
Number of bolts: 4 bolts
Fs = 3.0, from Table 1.1 Factors of Safety, based on yield strength of steel, ductile metals (Faires,
p.20)
MACHINE DESIGN 2
30
2012
To compute for the size of bolt I will use the resultant force that will cause shearing (F =
27622.40924 lbs) divided by the number of bolts.
d= 1.227714667 in.
From Table 6-1 Unified & American National threads, coarse, fine, and extra-fine series
(Doughtie and Vallance, p.130) I select 1 in-11 UNC bolt with Ar = 0.969 in2 and minor diameter
of 1.0747 in. The bolt being screwed into the post is the threaded part.
Shaft 2
Design Consideration:
Material Used: AISI C1117 Normalized Carbon Steel
Tensile strength: 63,700 psi
Yield strength: 35,000 psi
From Table AT 8 Typical Properties of Steel (Faires, p.578)
Shaft diameter: 4 in.
MACHINE DESIGN 2
31
2012
36"
36"
Fr
w = 1345.883541 lbs
Fr = 27620.47475 lbs
Total Load
FvB = 1345.883541 lbs
FHB = 27620.47475 lbs
36"
36"
RvC
RVA
MACHINE DESIGN 2
32
2012
26.91767082 lbs
11"
D
11"
50"
672.417705 lbs
672.417705 lbs
Shear Diagram
672.417705 lbs
o
X= 25 in
672.417705 lbs
Moment Diagram
15801.81607 in-lb
7396.594755 in-lb
7396.594755 in-lb
36"
RHA
36"
RHC
MACHINE DESIGN 2
33
2012
11"
50"
D
11"
13810.23738 lbs
13810.23738 lbs
Shear Diagram
13810.23738 lbs
X = 25 in
13810.23738 lbs
Moment Diagram
324540.5784 in-lb
151912.6112 in-lb
151912.6112 in-lb
Resultant Moment
ME =
ME = 324925.0439 in-lb
MB = MC =
MB = MC = 152092.574 in-lb
maximum moment occurs at section E.
Load
Vertical
672.417705 lbs
1345.883541 lbs
672.417705 lbs
Horizontal
13810.23738 lbs
27620.47475 lbs
13810.23738 lbs
Resultant
13826.59763 lbs
27653.24625 lbs
13826.59763 lbs
MACHINE DESIGN 2
34
2012
Moment
Vertical
15801.81607 in-lb
7396.594755 in-lb
Horizontal
324540.578 in-lb
151912.6112
Resultant
324925.0439 in-lb
152092.574 in-lb
Must be hard.
Rolling fatigue life must be long.
Wear must be slight.
Must be shock-resistant.
Dimensions must not vary largely with the passing of time.
Must be economical and easy to machine.
Design Consideration:
Material Used for the bearing: High Carbon Chrome Bearing Steel
The expected life of operation for the bearings is 10 years for 16 hrs/day operation.
Shaft diameter may be reduced to accommodate the bearing.
Where:
Fc = catalog rating of bearing, lb (Table 9-7 & 9-8)
Fr= actual radial load on the bearing, 1794.885353 lbs
Ka= application factor taking into account the amount of shock (Table 9-4), 1.0
for uniform and steady load
Kl =
, life factor
MACHINE DESIGN 2
35
2012
Ks =
, speed factor
Na = rotational speed, 135.4166667 rpm
Nc = catalog rated rotational speed, 500 rpm
Kr = rotational factor, 1.0 for bearing with fixed outer races and rotating
inner races
= 0.646994673
MACHINE DESIGN 2
36
2012
SPRING DESIGN
Design Consideration:
Load: F = 27620.47475 lbs (based on horizontal reaction for shearing)
Number of Spring: 8
Load = 27620.47475 / 8
Load = 3452.559344 lbs
Spring material: Hard drawn Wire, squared and ground ends
Type of service: average service
From Table 9 Century Spring Catalog, I use 4053 spring with wire diameter, Dw = 1.00 in with
maximum suggested load = 4200 lbs
Free Length = 10 in
Dm = 3 in
Deflection = .4 in
+
+
MACHINE DESIGN 2
37
2012
K= 1.58
(.85)
Ssd = 40.2084/10.19
Ssd = 40.2084 ksi
Ssd > Ss (Applicable)
MACHINE DESIGN 2
38
2012
MACHINE DESIGN 2
39
2012
Spring Mounting
MACHINE DESIGN 2
40
2012
D= 1.5 in
1030.512805 lbs
D=1.5 in
8 in
19 in
69 in
B
r
Fr
Fd
Fm
58 in
TOP VIEW
1030.512805 lbs
25 in
69 in
1.5 in
T1 = T2
T3 = T4 = (1.5/70.5) F1
MACHINE DESIGN 2
41
2012
Mo = 0
1030.512805 x 25 = 2 (70.5) T1 + 2 (1.5) T3
1030.512805 x 25 = 2 (70.5) T1 + 2 (1.5) (1.5/70.5) T1
T1 = 182.6323599 lbs
Max = (
Where:
x = TA/ Ar
y = 0
= Fr / n Ar
Max =
N = number of bolts
Ar = stress area
Fs = 3.0, from Table 1.1 Factors of Safety, based on yield strength of steel, ductile metals (Faires,
p.20)
Solving for Fm
r=
r = 45.06939094 in
1030.512805 (19) = 4 (45.06939094) Fm
Fm = 108.6088745 lbs
Fm Components:
tan = 29/34.5
MACHINE DESIGN 2
42
2012
= 40.46222749
Solving for Fr
Fr =
Fr = 1104.090756 lbs
= (
5833.3333333 =
Ar = 0.263546125 in2
From Table 6-1 Unified & American National threads, coarse, fine, and extra-fine series
(Doughtie and lVallance, p.130) I select in-10 UNC bolt with Ar = 0.334 in2 and minor diameter
of 0.6273 in.
MACHINE DESIGN 2
43
2012
DESIGN SUMMARY
Elements
Motor
V-belt
Sheave of V-belt
Shaft 1
Bearing on Shaft 1
Key at Shaft 1
Shaft 2
Bearing on Shaft 2
Specifications
20 Hp
500 rpm
C = 48 in
L = 161.3 in
Vm = 1701.696021 ft/min
N = 4 leather belts
b x t = 1 x in
D1 = 13 in
D2 = 48 in
T = 5 in
C = 48 in
N1 = 500 rpm
N2 = 135.4166667 rpm
AISI C117 Normalized Carbon
Steel
D = 4 in
L = 80 in
High Carbon Chrome Bearing
Steel
Ha = 58400 hrs.
SAE 419 Two-row Angular
Type Ball Bearing
Bore = 3.7402 in
AISI C117 Normalized Carbon
Steel
b = 7/8 in
t = 5/8 in
L= 1.132693203 in
AISI C117 Normalized Carbon
Steel
Ar = 0.969 in2
N= 4 bolts
1 in-11 UNC bolt
AISI C117 Normalized Carbon
Steel
D = 4 in
L = 72 in
High Carbon Chrome Bearing
Steel
Ha = 58400 hrs.
SAE 419 Two-row Angular
Type Ball Bearing
Bore = 3.7402 in
Loadings
HpTransmitted = 16.59322255
W1 = 169.8973307 lbs
W2 = 2316.233432 lbs
@ section F,
Mmax = 328678.1846 in-lb
T = 7722.784855 in-lb
Fr = 13925.14945 lbs
T = 7722.784855 in-lb
F = 4129.610638 lbs
F = 27622.40924 lbs
@ section E
Mmax = 324925.0439 in-lb
Fr = 13826.59763 lbs
MACHINE DESIGN 2
44
2012
Spring
Bolt on Crusher
F = 3452.559344 lbs.
Ss = 38.67346463 ksi
Ssd = 40.2084 ksi.
Fc = 17262.79672 lbs.
k= 8631.39836 lb/in
Ssolid stress = 193.3673232 ksi
Spermissible = 70 ksi.
T1 = 182.6323599 lbs
F = 1030.512805 lbs
Fr = 1104.030756 lbs
Fm = 108.6088745 lbs
MACHINE DESIGN 2
45
2012
LIST OF REFERENCES
Books :
Doughtie, V.L., &Vallance, A. (1978).Design of Machine Members(4thed.).New York: McGrawHill, INC.
Faires, V.M. (1969). Design of Machine Elements (4thed.). New York: MacMillan Company.
Morse, F. (1953).Power Plant Engineering. Philippines: Litton Educational Pubishing, INC.
Spotts, M.F. (1991). Design of Machine Elements (6thed.). Singapore: Simon & Schuster (Asia) Pte
Ltd.
Internet:
Engineering Tool Box, electrical motors - Hp, torque and rpm. Retrieved July 5,2012 from
http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/electrical-motors-hp-torque-rpm-d_1503.html
Handbook of Coal Analysis. Retrieved July 5, 2012 from http://info.com/Handbookofcoalanalysis
Roll Crusher. Retrieved August 17, 2012 from http://www.gundlachcrushers.com/crushers/rollcrushers-coal-salts-lime-minerals.cfm
What is the density of Coal.Retrieved August 17, 2012 from http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What
BL Precision Bearings Radial Ball Bearings Catalog. Retrieve September 12, 2012 from
http://www.qbcbearings.com/BuyRFQ/ThrustB_Bearing_B_CSBW.htm
Century Compression Spring Catalog. Retrieved Sept 12, 2012 http://www.centuryspring.com
MACHINE DESIGN 2
46
2012
APPENDIX:
Motor Velocity (rpm)
Power
3450
2000
1000
500
Torque
hp
Kw
(in
lbf)
(in
lbf)
(in
lbf)
(in
lbf)
0.75
18
1.5
2.1
32
2.6
3.6
63
5.3
7.1
126
10.5
14.2
1.5
1.1
27
2.3
3.1
47
3.9
5.3
95
7.9
10.7
189
15.8
21.4
1.5
37
3.0
4.1
63
5.3
7.1
126
10.5
14.2
252
21.0
28.5
2.2
55
4.6
6.2
95
7.9
10.7
189
15.8
21.4
378
31.5
42.7
3.7
91
7.6
10
158
13.1
18
315
26.3
36
630
52.5
71
7.5
5.6
137
11
15
236
20
27
473
39
53
945
79
107
10
7.5
183
15
21
315
26
36
630
53
71
1260 105
142
15
11
274
23
31
473
39
53
945
79
107
1891 158
214
20
15
365
30
41
630
53
71
1260 105
142
2521 210
285
25
19
457
38
52
788
66
89
1576 131
178
3151 263
356
30
22
548
46
62
945
79
107
1891 158
214
3781 315
427
MACHINE DESIGN 2
47
2012
40
30
731
61
83
1260 105
142
2521 210
285
5042 420
570
50
37
913
76
103
1576 131
178
3151 263
356
6302 525
712
60
45
1096 91
124
1891 158
214
3781 315
427
7563 630
855
70
52
1279 107
145
2206 184
249
4412 368
499
8823 735
997
80
60
1461 122
165
2521 210
285
5042 420
570
10084 840
1140
90
67
1644 137
186
2836 236
321
5672 473
641
11344 945
1282
100
75
1827 152
207
3151 263
356
6302 525
712
125
93
2283 190
258
3939 328
445
7878 657
891
150
112
2740 228
310
4727 394
534
9454 788
175
131
3197 266
361
5515 460
623
11029 919
200
149
3654 304
413
6302 525
712
225
168
4110 343
465
7090 591
801
250
187
4567 381
516
7878 657
891
275
205
5024 419
568
8666 722
980
300
224
5480 457
620
9454 788
350
261
6394 533
723
11029 919
400
298
7307 609
826
MACHINE DESIGN 2
48
2012
450
336
8221 685
929
550
410
10047 837
1136 17332 1444 1959 34663 2889 3918 69326 5777 7837
600
448
10961 913
1239 18907 1576 2137 37814 3151 4275 75629 6302 8549
MACHINE DESIGN 2
49
2012
MACHINE DESIGN 2
50
2012
Table 17.4
factor
small
diameter
MACHINE DESIGN 2
51
2012
MACHINE DESIGN 2
52
2012
MACHINE DESIGN 2
53
2012
Table 9-4 Typical Values of application factor for roller and ball bearings
MACHINE DESIGN 2
54
2012
Table 9-2 SAE and International Standard dimensions for ball and Roller Bearings
MACHINE DESIGN 2
55
2012
MACHINE DESIGN 2
56
2012
Table 9-4 Typical Values of Application factor for roller and ball bearings
MACHINE DESIGN 2
57
2012
MACHINE DESIGN 2
58
2012
Table 6-1 Uniform and American National Threads, coarse, fine and extra-fine.
MACHINE DESIGN 2
59
2012
MACHINE DESIGN 2
60
2012
MACHINE DESIGN 2
61
2012
MACHINE DESIGN 2
62
2012
MACHINE DESIGN 2
63