ANATOMY

TOPICS
Branches of abdominal aorta
Branches of Internal iliac
Portal Circulation
Splanchnic circulation
Inner ear anatomy
Common site of Esophageal CA
Adrenal cortex and hormones secreted
Branches of hepatic artery
Pringles maneuver
Rectus sheath
Arc of stomach
Triangle of Callot
Islet of Langerhans
Quadrangular membrane borders of pharynx
Ureter level of constrictions
Blood supply of bladder
True and False pelvis
Borders and structures passing greater sciatic foramen
pelvis

Camper's fascia
Pelvic brim
Axial skeleton
Appendicular skeleton
Suprascapular nerve innervation
Appendix
Parietal and viscelar pleura
Spermatic cord contents
Jejunum vs Ileum

QUESTIONS
Inguinal ligament derived from apponeurosis of external oblique
Acidophilic stain: mammotroph
Level of lung pleura.. 6,8,10 ata sa mid clavicular line, 8,10,12 sa MAL
Axillary crutches will damage radial nerve .
Damage to obturator nerve will result to.. Loss of adduction
Pyriformis structure above and below
Levetor ani muscle.. Something.. Nkalimutan ko Basta may lumabas tungkol s
kanya
Urogenital and rectal triangle
Ulnar nerve will be damaged underneath the flexor carpi ulnaris tendon
Pelvic diaphragm = levator ani + coccygeus m
Cystic artery arises from right hepatic
Pringles maneuver occludes hepatoduodenal ligament
Foramen rotundum V2
Acidophilic glycoprotein coat surrounding oocyte ZONA PELLUCIDA (other
choices: graffian follicle, theca folliculi, granulose cells)
Hepatoduodenal ligament except: HEPATIC VEIN (other choices: hepatic artery,
common bile duct, portal vein)
Greater pelvis = FALSE pelvis
Pelvic inlet boundaries: symphysis pubis, sacral promontory, arcuate line (question

was except what? Pubic Arch)

Langerhans cell SPINOSUM
Rotator Cuff muscles: teres minor, supraspinatus, infraspinatus (except: teres
major)
Center of frontal and parietal bone: nasion
Scala media and tympani Basilar membrane
Optic neuritis (right) blindness of right eye
Parietal MAL or MCL? 8th or 10th rib
Tennis elbow lateral epicondyle
AV node right atrium

PHYSIOLOGY

TOPICS
Hormones
Pulse pressure
Insulin vs Glucagon
Bohr effect
Ejection fraction formula
Pulmo vital capacity, residual volume
Parts of JG apparatus
Intestine transporters
Circadian rhythm
GFR and RBF
Ejection fraction
Hypothalamus
Digestion of proteins

QUESTIONS
TNF- alpha and IL-1 are for FEVER
Iron deficiency anemia: DUODENUM
Produces antibodies: Plasma Cell
Role of angiotensin: constrict efferent
Oxyphil cell: Parathyroid
Parafollicular/C cell/Clear cell: Calcitonin

- try to answer the BRS PHYSIO questions after each chapter

BIOCHEM

TOPICS
Krebs
Urea Cycle
Insulin
Counter regulatory hormones
Insulin vs Glucagon (which pathway is active)
Glucose transporters
Carbohydrates and Lipids
Gluconeogenesis and Glycolysis
Fed and Fast State
Vitamins
Lactose intolerant
Nitrogen balance
Coffee effect to body
Enzymes
Energy
Alcohol

QUESTIONS
Forensic = law; Gas = ether

Active uptake of glucose against conc. Gradient: SGLT1

Xanthine oxidase: Allopurinol
De novo fatty acid synthesis: Palmitic acid
Essential amino acid: phenylalanine
Melanin synthesis: from Tyrosine
Effects of insulin
Effects of glucagon
1 gram of fat : highest calories 9
Not an essential fatty acid : Palmitate
HMG CoA reductase inhibitor- Statins
Cyanide COMPLEX 4
HMG CoA synthase ketogenesis
Primary structure bond PEPTIDE bonds

- Topnotch will probably not revise their handout. Doc Brolly said that
feedback on the Biochem handout was good. So study the main handout
and the pearls handout



PATHOLOGY

TOPICS
DM nephropathy
SLE
Endocrine (DM and Thyroid diseases)
Diarrhea (osmotic/secretory)
Most common site of esophageal CA
Waxy hyaline membrane
Red hepatization, gray hepatization
Ghons
Graft
CA markers
Subdural/Epidural

QUESTIONS
Indomethacin : decrease of prostaglandin
Cherry red spot: Niemann-pick, sphingomyelin (pero makikita dn sa Taysachs)
Hirschprung Dse. - myenteric plexus
Alternative pathway of complement system activation- triggered in the
absence of antibody by endotoxins (pa-check nlng if un nga)
Anaphylatoxins: C3a and C5a
Most important clotting factor: Thrombin ata sagot
Liquefaction necrosis: brain
Kwashiorkor: histologic finding sa liver Steatosis
Alpha fetoprotein : Liver dse.
Gastric ulcer with heaped up borders: cancer ata 'to?
Respiratory distress syndrome type 1
Metastasis: invasion of basement membrane
Swelling: increase vascular permeability
Seen in acute T cell leukemia HTLV1
CNS: liquefactive necrosis
Foot processes: minimal change? Psgn?
PTB pathology after 3 weeks

- USMLE websites contain high yield mnemonics
- Study NEPHRO. lumabas yung topic na yun sa lahat ng exams; ENDO rin.
especially DM, Thyroid, and SLE topics





MICROBIOLOGY AND PARASITOLOGY

TOPICS
H. influenza
K. pneumonia (transmission, agar)
Helminths treatment
Syphilis (lesions)

K. pneumoniae in Macconkey agar

QUESTIONS
Salmonella culture characteristics: red and black
Cutaneous larva migrans
Biofilm: antibiotic resistance on prosthetic devices
Amoeba cyst 4 nuclei
Infective endocarditis: viridans strep
Koplik spots: Rubeola
Multidrug resistant TB
Kaposis sarcoma: HHV8
This virus replicates continuously: hnd ko sure kung Hep B virus or HSV
dalawa kasi question about this.
Malassezia furfur: hypo and hyperpigmented lesion; Dx: KOH? Woods
lamp?
Incubation period of S. typhi 6-14days
Most common LATE complication of AIDS dementia
Vibro cholera thiosulfate citrate bile salts
Double hemolysis C. perfringes
Ferments MALTOSE and GLUCOSE: N. meningitides
Travellers diarrhea ETEC
Pautrier abcess: mycosis fungoides





PHARMACOLOGY

TOPICS
Antidotes (toxicity)
DM drugs (causes wt loss/wt gain)
Insulin
Drugs that cause cardiac remodeling
Triglycerides
Bactericidal antibiotics
Asthmatic px with hypersensitivity reaction
Anti DM with hypoglycemic effect
Asthma drugs
Role of estrogen in osteoporosis
Absence seizures
Fungicide
Benzodiazepines

QUESTIONS
Raloxifene - bone agonist, breast antagonist
Memantine alzheimers
Inhibits lipoprotein lipase Fibrates
Has anti inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic except: Paracetamol (?)
Blackens stool bismuth, sucralfate
Both antimicrobial and anti-ulcer bismuth
Visceral larva migrans albendazole
Biguanides MOA: decrease hepatic glucose production
Insulin secretagogue: GLIMEPIRIDE
Coconut oil lauric acid
BPH: Finasteride
Glaucoma treatment that increases outflow production?
a. timolol
b. latanoprost
c. physostigmine
d. pilocarpine
Bladder atony: Betanechol
Class 1A anti-arrythmic: Procainamide
Benzodiazepine antidote: Flumazenil
Inhibits dihydrofolate reductase: Methotrexate
MOA of sitagliptin
HPN drug that decrease preload and afterload: ACE inhibitors
Diuretic contraindicated for patients with depression

- Review KATZUNG PHARMA questions; some board questions were
lifted/revised




FAMILY MEDICINE

TOPICS
Mortality rates
Standard deviation
Family screening tests (APGAR, SCREEM)
Types of prevention (primary, sec, tertiary)
Relative risk computation
Primary health care
ANOVA
p value
chi square

OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY

TOPICS
Pelvis
AOG Computation
Asherman syndrome (how to diagnose)
D&C
Primary/Secondary amenorrhea
Painless vaginal bleeding
Placenta accreta/prvia

QUESTIONS
Management for placenta accreta? TAH or subtotal TAH?
Mineral given during pregnancy?
Teratogen that causes cardiac defects, facial defects, and mental retardation?
42 weeks AOG with meconium stain, what to do next? CS, NST, induce labor?
MC vaginal infection in immunocompromised?

INTERNAL MEDICINE

TOPICS
Immunity (B Cell, T Cell, NK Cell)
SLE
Malaria
TB

QUESTIONS
Most common cause of acute pancreatitis: GALLSTONE
Malaria prophylaxis duration 4 weeks (?)

SURGERY

TOPICS

Ant. Abdomen
Wounds (stab/gunshot)
Esophageal hernia (types)
Esophagus
Goodsalls rule
Acute cholecystitis (contraindications)
Rovsings sign
Obturator sign
Osteomyelitis

QUESTIONS
Meckels complications: pedia bleeding; adult obstruction
Painless loss of sight retinal detachment
Absolute contraindication in breast conservative surgery
True about cystic hygroma invades SCM (?), post neck mass (?)
Target sign intussusception
End stage of sicca conjunctivitis: corneal ulceration? Blindness?

- Surgery (PEARLS) handout - take note of the diagram regarding sta/gunshot
wounds


PEDIATRICS

TOPICS
Rheumatology
SLE
Dermatomyositis
M. furfur
Respiratory cases
Rashes
HSP
Kawasaki
Autoimmune dse
Juvenile arthritidies
Pulmonary cases
Infectious cases
Diarreha (bloody/mucoid/osmotic/secretory)
JRA, RA, Pauci or polyarthritis
BA vs pneumonia vs acute bronchitis vs LTB
Mech vent settings
Dosage of anti TB drugs
Stroke in the young
Pst exposure prophylaxis in VZV

QUESTIONS
Fever appearing before rash roseola infantum/exanthem subitum
5 year old boy, previously diagnosed with IDA came in with right
hemiparesis:
what is the diagnosis?
a. arterial ischemic stroke
b. todd paralysis
c. bacterial meningitis
d. cerebral sinovenous thrombosis
Imaging modality of choice?
a. ct scan
b. mri
c. ct angio
Primary area affected?
a. brain parenchyma
b. MCA
Primary concern or management?
a. coagulation
b. neuroprotection
c. actue thrombolysis
Used to manage the patient except?
a. neuroprotection
b. acute thrombolysis
c. rehab
d. anticoagulation
Case: boy was bitten by a dog causing to accidentally step on a rusty nail
Child with palpable purpura on buttocks: HSP
Child with conjunctivitis, dry lips, rashes, and lymphadenopathy:
KAWASAKI

- study the (PEDIA) Topnotch handout on autoimmune diseases



LEGAL MEDICINE

TOPICS
Qualified seduction

Pontine hemorrhage s boxers

Rape cases
Damages
Liabilities of physicians b un? Ung examples n pag emergency pwede ka wag
mag respond if you will be in danger..
Ung pwede na ang rape sa magasawa lumabas
Statutory rape dn lumabas

- LEGAL MED: use the answer key by Dr. Rebosa
http://xa.yimg.com/.../128892.../name/ILLegal%2Bmedicine.doc
http://xa.yimg.com/.../26266122/951808296/name/LegalMed.doc