Faculty of Technology

School of Engineering
Technology Modular Degrees Scheme
Level 0

Subject: AE0312 Aviation Science

Work Book
Instructions to Candidates
This work book contains questions similar to those expected in your final degree
examination for you to use as a revision aid. A separate answer book will be
issued by your tutor.

AE0312 Aviation Science Workbook

7 September 2006

Table of Contents
1

MATTER.................................................................................................1

MECHANICS..........................................................................................2
2.1
Statics.........................................................................................2
2.2
Kinetics........................................................................................3
2.3
Dynamics.....................................................................................4
2.4
Fluid Dynamics............................................................................5

THERMODYNAMICS.............................................................................6

OPTICS (LIGHT)....................................................................................7

WAVE MOTION & SOUND.....................................................................8

AE0312 Aviation Science Workbook

7 September 2006

1 Matter
1.

Define and describe the states in which matter can exist.

2.

What governs the state of matter?

3.

How is an atoms atomic mass and atomic number arrived at?

4.

Define the basic units of Mass, Weight, Length, Time, speed, velocity,
acceleration.

5.

Explain the purpose of and information that can be extracted from the
Periodic Table. Identify where Metals are positioned in the table.

AE0312 Aviation Science Foundation Degree Workbook

7 September 2006

2 Mechanics
2.1 Statics

F1 = 4 N
DATUM

53o

F2 = 5 N

F3 = 3 N

1.

What is the resultant of the three forces above?

2.

Define the following:

a.

Moment of force.

b.

couple.

3.

Define what is meant by Centre of Gravity.

4.

Define what is meant by:

5.

a.

Stress

b.

Strain

Sketch a simple graph to illustrate Hookes Law and explain the

significant points on the graph.

AE0312 Aviation Science Foundation Degree Workbook

7 September 2006

2.2 Kinetics
1.

2.

3.

An aircraft of mass 60,000 kg decelerates from 220 km/hr to a complete

stop in 25 seconds. Assuming only the wheel brakes are used to stop
the aircraft, determine the:
a.

Power absorbed during breaking.

b.

Force required to decelerate the aircraft.

c.

Total input energy if the efficiency of the brakes is 65%.

An aircraft of mass 40,000 kg decelerates from 160 km/hr to a complete

stop in 14 seconds. Assuming only the wheel brakes are used to stop
the aircraft, determine the:
a.

Power absorbed during breaking.

b.

Force required to decelerate the aircraft.

c.

Total input energy if the efficiency of the brakes is 60%.

With respect to periodic motion, explain what is meant by:

a.

harmonics.

b.

resonant frequency.

4.

What will be the period of a pendulum with a length of 2 m and a mass of

2.2 kg?

5.

What will be the period of a pendulum with a length of 3 m and a mass of

4.5 kg?

AE0312 Aviation Science Foundation Degree Workbook

7 September 2006

2.3 Dynamics
1.

Define and give the units for the following:

a.

Work

b.

Energy

c.

Power

2.

Explain the difference between Momentum and Inertia.

3.

What will be the effect of increasing the speed of rotation of a

gyroscope?

4.

With reference to gyroscopes, state the properties of Rigidity and

Precession.

5.

An aircraft of mass 120,000 kg is about to be towed. If the coefficient of

static friction between the aircraft and the ground is 0.28, calculate the:

6.

a.

Force required to start the aircraft moving.

b.

Acceleration of the aircraft if the rolling/dynamic friction is 0.2.

c.

Distance the aircraft will travel in 10 seconds.

An aircraft of mass 140,000 kg is about to be towed. If the coefficient of

static friction between the aircraft and the ground is 0.22, calculate the:
a.

Force required to start the aircraft moving.

b.

Acceleration of the aircraft if the rolling/dynamic friction is 0.2.

c.

Distance the aircraft will travel in 10 seconds.

AE0312 Aviation Science Foundation Degree Workbook

7 September 2006

2.4 Fluid Dynamics

1.

A fuel tank contains fuel with a relative density of 0.75. A cylindrical float
50 mm diameter and 800 mm long is floating in the tank. If half of the
float is submerged, calculate the mass of the float.

2.

A fuel tank contains fuel with a relative density of 0.85. A cylindrical float
10 mm diameter and 600 mm long is floating in the tank. If a quarter of
the float is submerged, calculate the mass of the float.

3.

A fuel tank contains fuel with a relative density of 0.88. A cylindrical float
40 mm diameter and 500 mm long is floating in the tank. If one third of
the float is submerged, calculate the mass of the float.

4.

An aircraft of mass 40,000 kg is about to be towed. If the coefficient of

static friction between the aircraft and the ground is 0.29, calculate the:

5.

a.

Force required to start the aircraft moving.

b.

Acceleration of the aircraft if the rolling/dynamic friction is 0.21.

c.

Distance the aircraft will travel in 15 seconds.

An aircraft of mass 80,000 kg decelerates from 200 km/hr to a complete

stop in 12 seconds. Assuming only the wheel brakes are used to stop
the aircraft, determine the:
a.

Force required to decelerate the aircraft.

b.

Total input energy if the efficiency of the brakes is 55%.

AE0312 Aviation Science Foundation Degree Workbook

7 September 2006

3 Thermodynamics
1.

2.

3.

An axle of length 2.8m at 15C is temperature tested in a laboratory by

raising the temperature by 40C. If the coefficient of linear expansion is
22.3 x 10-6 calculate the length of the rod:
a.

at the new temperature.

b.

if the temperature is reduced to -40C.

An axle of length 1.9m at 22C is temperature tested in a laboratory by

raising the temperature by 34C. If the coefficient of linear expansion is
22.3 x 10-6 calculate the length of the rod:
a.

at the new temperature.

b.

if the temperature is reduced to -30C.

An axle of length 3m at 12C is temperature tested in a laboratory by

raising the temperature by 26C. If the coefficient of linear expansion is
20.5 x 10-6 calculate the length of the rod:
a.

at the new temperature.

b.

if the temperature is reduced to -22C.

4.

A gas at a pressure of 5 MPa and temperature of 15C expands to 600

kPa and experiences a temperature rise to 75C. If the initial volume
was 25 litres, calculate the final volume.

5.

A gas at a pressure of 6 MPa and temperature of 25C expands to 500

kPa and experiences a temperature rise to 55C. If the initial volume
was 120 litres, calculate the final volume.

6.

A gas at a pressure of 4 MPa and temperature of 15C expands to 300

kPa and experiences a temperature rise to 45C. If the initial volume
was 10 litres, calculate the final volume.

AE0312 Aviation Science Foundation Degree Workbook

7 September 2006

4 Optics (Light)
1.

How do light waves behave when passed through concave and convex
lenses?

2.

How are light waves transmitted through a fibre optic cable?

3.

Explain the difference between Reflection and Refraction.

4.

Define Refractive Index and why it is used.

5. Explain the difference between Transverse and Longitudinal Waves and

state which category Light and Sound belong to.

AE0312 Aviation Science Foundation Degree Workbook

7 September 2006

5 Wave Motion & Sound

1.

An aircraft is moving towards you at a constant speed of 35m/s and is

emitting a sound of frequency 650Hz. What will be the:
a.

wavelength.

b.

perceived frequency of the approaching aircraft.

(Assume the velocity of sound to be 340m/s)

2.

An aircraft is moving towards you at a constant speed of 24m/s and is

emitting a sound of frequency 740Hz. What will be the:
a.

wavelength.

b.

perceived frequency of the approaching aircraft.

(Assume the velocity of sound to be 340m/s)

3.

An aircraft is moving towards you at a constant speed of 34m/s and is

emitting a sound of frequency 690Hz. What will be the:
a.

wavelength.

b.

perceived frequency of the approaching aircraft.

(Assume the velocity of sound to be 340m/s)

4.

5.

Define the following:

a.

frequency

b.

intensity

c.

pitch

d.

wavelength.

Explain what is meant by the Doppler effect.

AE0312 Aviation Science Foundation Degree Workbook

7 September 2006