Form 1

Science
Chapter 4
The Variety Resources on Earth
4.1 The Various Resources on Earth
1. resources
a. Water
b. Air
c. Soil
d. Mineral ore
e. Coal
f. Living things
a. Water
-
- Pants water to make food
- Water in carries nutrient all cells
- Water help us to
b. Air
-
- CO2
c. Soil
- becomes humus
d. Minerals
- metals
- Metals constructions
e. Living things
- plants and animals (
- animals and plants shelther, clothes
4.2 Elements, Compounds and Mixtures(
1. Elements
a.
b. atom molecue
c. metals non-metals
d. Copper, Zinc, Carbon (.)
2. Compounds
a. elements
b. Chemical reaction

c. water, rubber, Carbon dioxide

3. Mixture
a. elements compounds zabalang
b. Physical reaction chemical reac.
c. air, soil
4. Physical method
a. Filtration
b. Distillation
c. Using a magnet
d. Evaporation
e. Sieving
Metals and Non-Metals
1. Metals
- polish
- malleable,
- Ductile
-
-
-
-
* Mecury Metal
2. Non-metals
- polish
- Not malleable, brittle)
- Not Ductile
-
-
- carbon
-

Chapter 7
Heat
7.1 Heat as a Form of Energy
1.
2. Heat temperature
3. Heat energy Unit Joule(J)
4. Temperature SI unit kelvin(K)
5. Temperature Heat
a. Heat energy -- -- -- Temperature degree of hotness

b. Joule (J) -- -- -- Kelvin (K)/ Celsius(

c. -- -- --
6. Heat
a. Mass
-
b. Temperature
-
c. Type of material
-
7.2 The Efffect of Heat Flow
1. Solid, Liquid, Gas
2. Solid, Liquid, Gas
3. Gas expand Solid expand
4. Heat Flow
a.
b.
- Conduction
- Convection
- Radiation
-

c. Conduction
- Solid gas liquid
- Conduction
-
-

d. Convection
- gas liquid
- Fluid
-
Liquid--

Gas --

e. Radiation
- gas, solid liquid radiation vacuum),
medium -- gas, liquid, solid)
- Heat Wave
- Wave
5. Heat Flow in Natural Phenomena
a.

7.3 Effect of Heat on Matter

1. Matter 3 liquid, solid, Gas.
2. Heat Either Heat released absorbed.
3. Physical process:
a. Melting
- Solid to Liquid
- Heat
- Melting point 0
b. Freezing
- Liquid to Solid
- Heat
- Freezing point 0
c. Boiling
- Liquid to Gas
- Heat
- Boiling point 100
d. Condensation
- Gas to Liquid
- Heat
- Boiling point
e. Evaporation
- Gas to Liquid
- Heat
- Any temperature
- Surface of Liquid
f. Sublimation
- Solid directly to Gas
- material sublimate

- Example: Dry ice solid CO2) iodine napthalene, ammonium chloride l

7.4 Application of Expansiion and Contraction of Matter

1. Thermometer
- Mecury
2. Bimetallic strip
- (copper)(iron)
- Copper expand complete/breaks circuit
- fire alarm
3. Gaps( in railway tracks
-
4. Rollers in steel bridges
-
7.5 Absorbing and Giving Out Heat
1. Heat given out absorb.
2.
a.
b. ((dull or Shily)
c. dull or white surface)
3.
4. surface Heat
5.
6. Good heat absorber = Good heat radiator = Dull and Dark and Rough