Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Problems on 2 Variables
Solved Problems
z
x
= 0,
z
x
= 2x 10 = 0
(1)
z
y
= 2y 2 = 0
(2)
=0
2z
x 2
s=
2z
x y
t=
2z
y 2
=2
=0
=2
rt s2 = 2(2) 02 = 4 > 0
Further r = 2 > 0
Hence there is a minimum at (5, 1).
1
Problems on 2 Variables
Solved Problems
i.e.
Tip 6
zmin= 25 + 1 50 2 + 36 = 10
Ans.:
z
y
z
x
= 0,
z
x
=0
= 6xy 30y = 0
y = 0 and x = 5
3(x 4) (x 6) = 0
x = 4, x = 6
(1)
(2)
Problems on 2 Variables
Solved Problems
y=1
Thus the points to be examined are (4, 0), (6, 0), (5, 1),
(5, 1)
rt s2 = (6x 30)2 36 y2 = 36 {(x 5)2 y2}
(a) at (4, 0) rt s2 = 36 {1} > 0
and r = 24 30 = 6 < 0
There is a minimum.
There is a minimum.
Ans.:
Problems on 2 Variables
Solved Problems
z = x3 + y3 3axy
For maxima-minima,
z
y
= 0,
z
y
=0
z
x
= 3x2 3ay = 0 or x2 ay = 0
z
y
= 3y2 3ax = 0 or y2 ax = 0
(1)
(2)
x3 y3 = 0 or x = y
or
x (x a) = 0
So that x = 0, x = a
2z
x 2
s=
2z
x y
t=
2z
y 2
= 6x
= 3a
= 6y
Problems on 2 Variables
Solved Problems
z
x
Now,
z
y
=0
= 3x2 + 3y2 6x = 0
= x2 + y2 2x = 0 (1)
z
y
= 6xy 6y = 0
= y(x 1) = 0
(2)
y = 0 or x = 1
Problems on 2 Variables
Solved Problems
Thus the points to be examined are (0, 0), (2, 0), (1, 1),
(1, 1)
Now let us find r, s, t.
r=
2z
x 2
= 6x 6, s =
2z
x y
= 6y, t =
2z
y 2
= 6x 6
Problems on 2 Variables
Solved Problems
1 1
.
x y
(Dec., 2005)
Soln.:
1 1
x y
u = xy + a2
u
x
= y + a2 x1 = 0
(1)
u
y
= x + a2 y1 = 0
(2)
u
x
= 0,
u
y
=0
x2y = xy2
or
x2y xy2 = 0
x = 0, y = 0
xy(x y) = 0
x3 = a2 or x = a2/3
we get
y = a2/3
r=
2u
x 2
s=
2u
x y
t=
2u
y 2
2a 2
x3
=1
=
rt s2 =
2a 2
y3
2a 2
x3
2a 2
y3
1
7
Problems on 2 Variables
Solved Problems
rt s2 =
r=
2a 2
x3
2a 2
a2
2a 2
y3
1 =
4 a4
a4
1=413>0
= 2 > 0.
z=
108
xy
(1)
= 0,
S
y
=0
Problems on 2 Variables
S = xy + 2(y + x)
or
S = xy +
216
y
Solved Problems
108
xy
216
x
S
x
= y
216
x2
= 0 or x2y = 216
S
y
= x
216
y2
= 0 or xy2 = 216
x2y = xy2
or x2y xy2 = 0
or xy (x y) = 0 or x = 0, y = 0, x = y
x = 0, y = 0 is not possible as the box can not be
constructed
x = y, which gives
r=
2S
x 2
t=
s=
t=
rt s2 =
at (6, 6),
= (216x )(2)
2S
y 2
= (216y )(2)
3
2S
=
x y
(216 )(2)
x3
(216 )(2)
y3
rt s2 =
(216 )(2)
63
1
(216 )(2)
63
= 2.2 1 = 4 1 = 3 > 0
and
r=
(216 )(2)
63
(216 )(2)
63
=2>0
Problems on 2 Variables
Solved Problems
108
x y
108
6 6
=3
d(OP) =
x2 y2 z2
x2 y2 z2
Let u = x2 + y2 + z2
(1)
u = x2 + y2 + 1 + xy
Problems on 2 Variables
u
y
u
x
= 0,
u
y
= 2x + y = 0
(2)
u
x
= 2y + x = 0
(3)
Solved Problems
=0
2u
x 2
=2
t=
2u
y 2
=2
s=
2u
x y
=1
x = 0, y = 0
from z2 = 1 + xy, z2 = 1
Ans.:
x2 y2 z2
0 2 0 2 12
11
1 unit
Problems on 2 Variables
+ + =
6xy 30y = 0
6y (x 5) = 0
x=5,y=0
If x = 5 ,
y = 1
Points are (5 , 1) , (5 , -1)
If y =0
(1)
+ 72 = 0
x = 4, 6
Points are ( 4,0 ) , ( 6,0 )
r = fxx = 6x- 30 s = fxy = 6y t = fyy = 6x 30
pts
(4,0) 6 <0
t
6
rt-
36 > 0
36 > 0
6>0
Solved Problems
(5,1)
Problems on 2 Variables
Solved Problems
36 < 0
36 < 0
{ Sadle Point}
(5, -1)
{ Sadle Point}
fmax = () () +
= 112
fmin = () () +
= 108
: = y -
= x -
= =0
y =
x=
&
x =
=
13
Problems on 2 Variables
x = a
y=a
Stationary point is (a,a)
r = =
s = = 1
t = =
at (a,0)
r=2>0
s=1
t=2
rt - = 4 1 = 3 > 0
(, )
& = + { + } =
14
Solved Problems
Problems on 2 Variables
Solved Problems
Problems on 2 Variables
Solved Problems
r = = -2<0
s = = -1<0
t = = -2<0
- = 4 1 = 3>0
f is maximum at (40,40)
And
z = 120 x y = 120 80
=40
Z = 40
Problems on 2 Variables
= + +
f(x, y, z) = + + +
= +
= 2y + x
r = = 2
s = = 1
t = = 2
= 0 =
2x + y = 0
x + 2y = 0
x = 0, y = 0
at (0,0)
r = 2>0
17
Solved Problems
Problems on 2 Variables
Solved Problems
s=1
t=2
(, )
& = 1 z =
(0, 0, 1) & (0, 0, -1) are points on surface at least
distance.
+ 2y
18
Problems on 2 Variables
= xy + 2 +
= y -
= x -
r = =
s = = 1
t = =
= 0 =
y = ,
x=
x=
1 =
= 2y
19
Solved Problems
Problems on 2 Variables
Solved Problems
x = ()
Similarly
y = ()
at (x,y)
r = = 2>0
t=2
s=1
rt - = 4 1 = 3 > 0
f is minimum at (() , () )
But z = =
z=
()
()
()
()
z=
2z = = ()
x=y
Dimension are () , () , ( )
20