Ingles III

B1
INTRODUCTION
Vamos a iniciar este curso intercambiando informacin acerca de acciones que
requieren una condicin para llevarse a cabo y que pueden ser planes para un
futuro, advertencias, promesas, etc. Expresars hechos que tienen una causa
fija y un efecto ya establecido tanto en la vida cotidiana como en situaciones
especiales.
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Contesta los siguientes ejercicios de la actividad introductoria que te servirn como

repaso y comprobacin de lo que ya sabes. Si algo se te dificulta, es el momento
de aclarar dudas ya sea con tu maestro o con alguno de tus compaeros.
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Initial activity
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Read this text.
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Pr
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FUTUROLOGY
Fo
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WHY IS SO DIFFICULT TO MAKE PREDICTIONS?
We try to predict technology, economics and even football. But Futurology is not an
exact science. Futurologists base guesses on current science. But the first law of the
Hawaii Research Center for Future Studies is: It is impossible to predict the future
because it does not exist. Before the invention of the internet, nobody could predict
its impact.
USE YOUR IMAGINATION
The second law of the Hawaii Research Center for Future Studies is: Any useful idea
about the future should appear to be ridiculous. As the song says: They all laughed
at Christopher Columbus when he said the world was round.
Today we influence our environment and bodies more than ever before. What kind
of world can we imagine? A world with no hunger? No fossil fuels? No disease?
30
Describes situaciones de causa y efecto
THE WAY AHEAD

As processors get smaller and cheaper, household objects will not just be controlled by
computers, their atoms will be computers.
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Computers will learn emotions and humans will be cyborg. Implants will play us music,
translate languages, and monitor diabetes. Nano-robots will clean houses, rebuild internal
organs and rescue earthquake victims. Objects will be smart: refrigerators advising on diet,
lightbulbs saving power. Computers will think up solutions to problems that confound
politicians.
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In the past, invention was for lonely eccentrics. Today Bill Gates is thinking decades
ahead. Cognitive scientist Andy Clark says: We are making the world smart so that we
can be dumb in peace.
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William Sutton. What is Left to Invent?, Speak Up. No. 293, p. 30.
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I. Answer according to the text.
hi
a) Why is Hawaii mentioned in the text?

Second:
ni
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Pr
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b) Express in Spanish the two laws mentioned in the text.

First:
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c) What is the example of the first law?

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d) What is the example of the second law?

Fo
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The word cyborg (acronym in English for cyber (ciber) + organism (body) is used to designate a creature composed by organic and mechanical elements usually to improve
skills of the organic through the use of technology.
a) Do you remember any cyborg from a movie or from a story?

b) What is the difference between a cyborg and a robot?

c) Do you know what the prefix nano means? If dont, look for the information,
then answer.

d) What is the prediction for nano-robots related to peoples health?

31
B1
e) What does the text say about refrigerators in the future?

II. Complete the question with one of the words in the box.
Will Did How Where Who What Does Do
do you do?
b)
you practice English last week?
c)
were you an hour ago?
d)
is going to be your partner in this class?
e)
you have English class next Monday?
f)
your partner speak English very well?
g)
you like reading?
h)
old is your best friend?
o.
Pr
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hi
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su
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a)
ni
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III. There are some mistakes in these sentences. Read and rewrite them correctly.
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a) Fujiyama is the most high volcano in Japan.

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b) Some Chinese trains are the more rapid in the world.

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c) E-mail is the most fast means of communication.

Fo
d) Basketball players are more tall than footballers.

e) Drinking fresh water is more good for your health than drinking sodas.

32
CAUSES AND EFECTS
Activity
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1. Listen, read and repeat.
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ni
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Will you go to the football game next Sunday?

No, I wont.
Dont you like football?
Yes I do. But I prefer to watch it on TV.
But if you are in the stadium, you can feel the peoples emotion.
Yes I know. If the favorite team scores a goal, everybody scream.
But if a player gets hurt, everyone worries.
Yes, if their team wins, fans are the happiest people in the world.
If the favorite team wins the tournament, then fans almost get crazy!
You are right. There is too much emotion in a football match. Anyway, I prefer
watching it on TV.
Fo
Paul
Ann
Paul
Ann
Paul
Ann
Paul
Ann
Paul
Ann
o.
Fans reactions
2. Practice the dialogue with your partner. Answer according to the dialogue.
a) Whats the difference between being in the stadium from watching the game on TV?

b) What happens if the favorite team scores a goal?

c) Why do people in the stadium become almost crazy?

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d) What do you do if you are watching the game on TV and your team scores a goal?

e) What do people watching the game on TV do if their team wins the tournament?

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hi
Pr
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Luis
ni
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Jane
Luis
Jane
Luis
Jane
Luis
Jane
Jane
Luis
Did you read the text about futurology?

Yes, I did.
Do you believe in predictions?
No, I usually dont believe in predictions. Do you?
Neither do I.
However some of them are based
on real facts, so they will probably
become reality.
Well, if there is a cause there is an effect.
You are right. If you heat water, it boils.
Thats not a prediction. It is a fact.
Give me another example of a fact.
Mmmm If you are in love, you are happy.
That isnt always a fact.
Mmm you are right! If your loved doesnt
love you, you are the unhappiest person in
the world.
Thats a fact.
ct
Jane
Luis
Jane
Luis
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Predictions and fact
Neither do I =
Yo tampoco.
Fo
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4. Practice the dialogue with your partner.
5. Circle the sentences which express causes and effects in the dialogue.
34
) she understands the class.
b) If water boils
) she cries loudly.
c) If there is a storm
) it becomes vapor.
d) If you put a glass of

water in the freezer
) it is cold.
e) If a baby is hungry
) it is dangerous to be in a pool.
f) If she pays attention
) it becomes ice.
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a) If it snows in the city
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6. Write the appropriate letter in the parentheses to express a fact.
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7. Write the sentences you connected in the last exercise, but change them to negative form.
a)
Pr
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b)
c)
ni
c
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d)
e)
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f)
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8. Work with your teamwork and complete the sentences with a cause or a result.
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a) If I have a headache,
Fo
b) If
c) If
, you dont have problems in the exams.

, I dont watch TV.
d) If I get up late,
e) If Im thirsty,
f) If
, I understand everything.
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B1
9. Answer with your own ideas.

a) What happens if you arrive late to school?

b) What happens in your English class if a student doesnt do his/her homework?

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c) What happens in your town if it rains more than usual?

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d) What happens to some crops if it doesnt rain for a long, long time in the field?

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e) What do you do if you dont understand what your teacher or partner say?

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10.Listen, read and repeat the vocabulary; then, use the new words to say something.
Fo
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Nouns
Crop..................................... cosecha
Dreams................................ sueos
Fact...................................... hecho
Fuels.................................... combustibles
Guesses................................ predicciones, conjeturas
Hunger................................. hambre
Law...................................... ley
Storm................................... tormenta
Skill...................................... habilidad
Tournament......................... campeonato
Regular verbs
Cry....................................... llorar
Improve................................ mejorar
Score.................................... anotar
Scream................................. gritar muy fuerte
Irregular verbs
Become became................ convertirse, llegar a ser
Feel felt............................. sentir
Others
Current................................. comn y corriente
Crazy.................................... loco
Dumb................................... tonto
Everyone.............................. todos
Smart................................... listo, abusado
Through............................... a travs de
Useful................................... til
36
CONDITION AND RESULT
Activity
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A long weekend
Any plans for the long weekend?
Helen
It depends on the weather. If it is nice, Ill probably go camping. But

if it isnt, maybe Ill just stay home and clean my apartment. How
about you?
Charles
Im going to visit my grandparents.
Helen
Will you go to Chihuahua?
Charles
No, they are from Chihuahua, but now theyre living

in Guadalajara.
Helen
How will you go there?
Charles
Im thinking of flying, but it depends on how much

it costs. If it is too expensive, Ill take the bus.
Helen
If you go by bus, your travel will take many hours.
Charles
I know. But If I travel at night, I will sleep in the bus.
Helen
Well. If you need a ride to the airport, let me know. Ill be happy to take
you.
Charles
Ok, thanks. Thats really nice of you.
Fo
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ni
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Pr
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Charles
Nice of you = muy

amable de tu parte.
3. Answer right, wrong or I dont know.

a) Helen is going camping over the long weekend.
b) Charles grandparents are from Chihuahua.
c) Charles is from Guadalajara.
d) Charles will clean his apartment over the long weekend.
e) Helen will take Charles to the airport.
37
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f) Weather will be nice next weekend.

g) If flying is too expensive, he will travel by bus.
h) If he goes by plane, his travel wont take many hours.
Coevaluate your answers with your teamwork.
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4. Elaborate five questions and answers based on the dialogue. Look at the example:
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If the weather is nice, she will go camping.
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What will Helen do on the long weekend if the weather is nice?
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a)
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Answer:
ni
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b)
Answer:
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c)
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Answer:
d)
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Answer:
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e)
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Answer:
5. Elaborate a new dialogue changing the activities Charles and Helen are planning
for the long weekend, and practice it with your team.
GRAMMAR
FIRST CONDITIONALS
Expressions as If you want, I will go with you are called First conditional. They consist
of two clauses: one of them is the if clause (condition) and the other one is the main
clause (result). They are also called possible conditions.
Condition clause can be before or after the main clause:
I will go with you if you want.
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6. Underline the conditionals in the dialogue. Then answer.

a) What tense is the verb in the condition clause?

b) What tense is the verb in the result clause?

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c) What connector is used to join the two clauses?

7. Fill in the blanks to complete First Conditional pattern.
or
Clause +
+ Present clause
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Clause + Future clause.
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If +
ni
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Pr
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What will you do when you finish high school?

If I get a scholarship, Ill go to London.
What will you do there?
Ill study languages to become an international tourist guide.
That sounds great! But you will have to study many other subjects.
Yes, I know. If I want to be a good guide, I have to know about art,
history, geography, etc.
Jane Are you sure you want to do that?
Gina Yes I do. If I get the scholarship, I will do it.
Jane I wish you the best!
Gina Thanks. If I go to London, Ill make you know.
Jane Ok. If I can Ill visit you.
Gina Great!
Fo
Jane
Gina
Jane
Gina
Jane
Gina
ct
A nice plan

39
B1
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10.Complete these conditional sentences with the correct form of the verb in parentheses.
(speak) English and French she
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a) If Gina
as a tourist guide.
(work) as a tourist guide, she
c) If tourists
them to Paris.
(want) to see the Eiffel Tower, she
d) If she
(go) to Rome she
(travel)
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b) If she
a lot.
(visit) the Vatican.
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(take)
(buy) anything in Europe, they
(have to
ni
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e) If they
use) Euros.
(work)
(want) to ride a camel, she
(take)
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f) If a tourist
him to Egypt.
(be) nice with tourists and explains everything, they

(give) her good tips.
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g) If Gina

Fo
Lets remember
Objective pronouns
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Examples
Me .................. me, a m, migo
Listen to me ................ escchame
You.................. te, a ti, tigo
I love you ..................... te amo
Him.................. lo, a l
I saw him ..................... yo lo vi
Her................... la, a ella
Wait for her ................. esprala
It ..................... lo, la
Its yours, take it ........... Es tuyo, tmalo
Us.................... nos, a nosotros
Wait for us ................... espranos
Them............... los, las, a ellos
Listen to them ............. escchalos
11. Complete the idea with the correct objective pronoun.

a) I cant find my keys, didnt you see
?
No, I didnt. But Ill help
to look for
b) Who is that handsome man? Do you know

?
Yes. I know
. Hes Anns husband; she is in the
store. He is waiting for
.
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?
.
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e) We are going to the park. Do you want to go with

No, thanks. Im going to the cinema. Come with
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d) Laura, Ann! will you go with Harris? He is waiting for

.
Yes, He is going to take
to the stadium.
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c) This problem is too confusing. I dont understand

. Do you?
No, neither do I. But my father will help
.
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Coevaluate your work with your teamwork.
o.
Pr
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12. Read the text. Then, complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in
parentheses.
ni
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Organizing a party
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Some friends are planning a party. Everybody wants to party but

nobodys really keen on preparing and organizing the party. So
everybody comes up with a few conditions, just to make sure that
the others will also do something.
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a) If Carmen and Sue

(prepare) the
salad, Phil
(decorate) the house.
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b) If Sue
(cut) the onions,
Carmen
(peel) the cucumbers.
c) Jane
(clean) the sitting room if
Tim
(move) the furniture.
d) Hellen
(buy) the drinks if
somebody
(help) her carry the bottles.
e) If Allan and Ruth
(organize) the food, Mary
and Cecil
(make) the sandwiches.
f) Frank
(be) the DJ if the
others
(bring) along their CDs.
g) If they all
party
(be) great.
(do) their best, the
41
B1
13. Coevaluate your work with your teamwork.

14.Read all the exercise in front of the group. Then ask your classmates oral questions
about it.
Examples: What will Carmen do if Sue cuts the onions?
What does Hellen say?
SELF - ASSESSMENT
I can
Very well
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Write short dialogues using first conditionals.
Not at all
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Speak in English with my teacher and my

teamwork.
Understand conditional ideas in an oral conversation in English.
Not very well
Identify possible conditionals in a written text.
Pr
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Didnt you understand this structure? Ask your teacher.
Do you need more practice in those activities? Do it with your teamwork or with another
classmate.
Fo
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Nouns

ni
c
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15.Listen, read and repeat the vocabulary; then, use the new words to say
something.
Cucumber................................. pepino
Drinks....................................... bebidas
Furniture................................... muebles
Key........................................... llave
Onion....................................... cebolla
Sitting room............................. sala
Regular verbs

Move........................................ mover

Party........................................ dar una fiesta

Peel.......................................... pelar

Serve........................................ atender
Irregular verbs

Bring along brought along...... traer

Buy bought............................ comprar

Cut cut................................... cortar
Others

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Keen......................................... entusiasta
WARNINGS AND PROMISES
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Activity
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A warning
Youre wrong. I dont have a car.
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Sue
su
David Hi Sue! Congratulations for your new car!
Oh yes; it is my mothers.
Pr
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Sue
hi
David But I saw you yesterday. You were driving a

nice car.
David Do you know that if you use the cell phone
while driving, you will get a ticket?
No, I know nothing about that law. Why?
o.
Sue
But what if somebody calls me?
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Sue
ni
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David Because if you phone while driving, you dont pay attention to
the road. Thats a fact.
Ok. Thanks for the information, Ill remember it.
Sue
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David If you have the cell off, it wont ring; and if it is very important
they will call you later.
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Beside, if I have that kind of problems my mother wont let me drive her car
any more.
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Sue
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David Do it, because if you dont obey, you will have problems.
We frequently use conditionals for warning and promises.

Examples:
If you break a glass, you will have to pay for it.
If you love me, Ill be yours forever.
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B1
3. Circle the warnings in the dialogue.
4. Comment with your teamwork and write three warnings you frequently use or listen. If you need vocabulary use your dictionary, but ask your teacher for the correct
pronunciation of new words.
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a)
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b)
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c)
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5. Write three promises you frequently use or listen.
hi
a)
Pr
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b)
o.
c)
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ni
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6. Complete these first type conditionals. Use the correct form of the verb in parentheses.
(climb) up to 4,000 meters, they
b) If drivers
(get) fines.
(not obey) the speed limit, they
Fo
a) If they
(need) oxygen.
c) If you
(not use) the seatbelt when you are driving, you

(have) problems.
d) If you
(fail) your exam, your father
let) you go to the beach with your friends.
e) If Ann
(take) her to Europe.
44
(not fail) any exam, her parents
(not
nt
a
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Problems
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Peter If the bus doesnt come soon, Ill have a problem at school.
Frank If the bus doesnt come soon, Ill have a big problem at work.
If the bus is not here right now, Ill have a problem with my girlfriend.
Ann
If Im not on time at home, Ill have problems with my mother.
hi
Pr
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Susan If Im late to my work interview, I will be lost.
bi
da
Paul
Look at the example.
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ni
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8. Work with your team; figure out the problems that those people will have if the
bus is late. Elaborate a dialogue for everyone and act them out in front of the
group.
I was early at the bus stop, but my bus had a

problem!
at
Peter
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Mrs. Willys Its very late, Peter. The gate is closed.
Please Mrs. Willys! Ill have my final oral exam today,

if I dont take it, I wont have another chance.
Fo
Peter
rm
Mrs. Willys Sorry Peter, but this is not the first time you are late.
9. Coevaluate the works with your classmates and select the best one.
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B1
10. Read this advertisement.
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THE GRACELAND TOUR
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This month is the anniversary of the death of Elvis Presley, the King of rockn roll. Ideal
Vacations is offering a special tour to Memphis, Tennessee, to visit the Kings home,
Graceland.
bi
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One of our limousines will take you from the airport to the Superstars Hotel.
The next morning, you will eat a breakfast specially prepared the way Elvis had.
Pr
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hi
Then, you will enjoy a visit to the Sun Studios, the place where Elvis first great hit
was recorded. It was the song Thats All Right, Mama.
o.
Next stage is the visit to Graceland. You will have a chance to see all the rooms
where Elvis spent his time. You will see his gold-lined piano and outside, the Lisa
Marie, Elvis private plane with its 28 seats and gold seatbelts buckles.
ni
c
The high point of this tour is the visit to the Meditation Gardens where Elvis
Presley is buried beside his mother, father and grandmother.
ct
In the evening, after a Tennessee barbecue, you will attend an Elvis Presley
memorial concert with excellent musicians and singers.
Taken from Harmer and Surguine, Coast to Coast 3. London, Longman (1988).
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Our limousine will take you back to the airport the next morning.
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11. Answer. If you dont know, investigate.

a) How long is that tour?

b) When was Elvis the most famous of the singers?

c) Does somebody in your family like Elvismusic? If so, who are they?

d) What country is Tennessee in?

e) Why is Lisa Marie the name of that plane?

46
12. Elaborate a question about the theme in parentheses and ask your team. Look at
the example:
(hotel) How will the tourist go from the airport to the hotel?
?
b) (Graceland)
c) (Meditation Gardens)
d) (Sun Studios)
e) (plane)
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a) (breakfast)
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13. Coevaluate and write the best answers.
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14. POSSIBLE PROJECT
bi
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Elaborate an advertisement for a Tour to some interesting place, where tourist can
see and do different things. Use pictures, maps and explanations about these places.
o.
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Pr
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JUST FOR FUN

15. Look and circle in the puzzle the missing words in the sentences below.
Listen to
! Im talking to
Those are my friends. I love

Mary is beautiful: all the boys like
.
very much.
.
John needs a good job. He is looking for
If John gets a good job, Mary
next year.
marry
If he
not have a good job, they wont get marry.
If they
not marry next year, Mary will go to study to New York.

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B1
16.Listen, read and repeat the vocabulary; then, use the new words to say
something.
su
ve
Regular verbs
Bury......................... enterrar
Climb....................... escalar
Fail........................... fallar, reprobar
Obey........................ obedecer
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Nouns
Buckle...................... hebilla
Fine......................... multa
King......................... rey
Law.......................... ley
Seatbelt................... cinturn de seguridad
Warning................... advertencia, aviso
hi
bi
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Irregular verbs
See saw................. ver
Spend spent.......... pasar el tiempo, gastar
Fo
rm
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ni
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Pr
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Others
Beside...................... al lado de
Do the best.............. hacer lo mejor. Poner todo el inters al
hacer algo.
48
Self test
I. Read and circle the correct option to complete the sentence.
Countless billions of tons of carbon dioxides are stored in nature in a myriad of ways; one of the
most significant is in the vegetation of rainforest.
ve
the rainforest
less seasonal rain.
c) doesnt change will be
d) warms will get
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2. If the Earths climate

a) change had

b) is colder will be
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a
1. Scientists say that if greenhouse gases

, the temperature of the planet
raise.
a) increase will
c) exists more
b) increases are

d) exist wont
hi
bi
da
3. If there
less rain, Earth
through a never seen Dry Season.
a) are does go
c) is will go
b) will goes
d) will be will go
.
ni
c
, the vegetation photosynthesis

c) doesnt stop wont increase
d) stop will stop
5. If absorption process
a) cease will be longer
b) wont cease will grow
o.
Pr
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4. If we
an unusual dry season, the carbon dioxide absorption process
a) has didnt stop

c) have will stop
b) stop will happen
d) stops happens
el
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ct
6. If the vegetation photosynthesis

, leaves
a) stops will fall
c) increases will warm
b) make wont fall

d) fall stop
Fo
rm
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7. If
vegetation photosynthesis, carbon dioxides levels
significantly,
increasing Global Warming and making this new dry season longer. The balance will be
turned.
a) there isnt will raise
c) there is wont raise
b) there are will be low
d) there arent wont be low
8. If Global warming season
hotter than now
a) will be are

b) are will have
too long, temperatures
some 15 degrees
c) happen wont have

d) is will be
49
B1
II. Ask a conditional question about the theme in parentheses.

Example (greenhouse gases) What will it happen if greenhouse gases increase?
if
?
?
3. (dry season)
if

nt
a
1. ( seasonal rain)

2. (less rain)
if

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4. (vegetation photosynthesis)
if

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ni
c
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Pr
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bi
da
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5. (Global warming)
if

III. Complete the sentence with the appropriate pronoun for the underlined word.
!
rm
at
1. That song is beautiful. Listen to
in a show last month.
Fo
2. Shakira is a good singer. I saw
3. Her shows are spectacular. People like
very much.
4. She is sick childrens friend. She helps
5. Im going to buy her new record. My brother asked
50
to buy it for
Personal development test

Como debes recordar, este cuestionario investiga el nivel de conocimiento que lograste con
el trabajo de cada bloque. En este caso se refiere al Bloque 1. Marca la columna que consideres que representa tu verdadero logro. Si por sinceridad debes marcar la opcin NL,
anota en la ltima columna lo que t crees que es conveniente para que soluciones esa carencia, pero ten el firme propsito de llevarlo a cabo para que tu trabajo sea positivo.
LT=Logrado totalmente. LP= Logrado parcialmente. NL= No logrado.
LT
LP
NL
su
bi
da
hi
o.
Elaboro y dramatizo sencillos dilogos utilizando

el condicional de primer tipo.
Pr
o
Participo en conversaciones en las que se habla

de promesas y advertencias, utilizando las
oraciones condicionales de primer tipo.
Comprendo en un texto escrito las ideas
relacionadas con situaciones de causa y efecto y
de condicin y resultado.
ve
Identifico y comprendo en una grabacin las

expresiones que indican causa y resultado, as
como las que expresan condicin y efecto futuro.
Qu me falt?
Cmo puedo lograrlo?
nt
a
Con el idioma ingls:
el
e
ct
ni
c
La segunda parte de este cuestionario se relaciona con tu actitud y desempeo durante

el desarrollo de las clases para que t mismo valores tu comportamiento y esfuerzo,
reconozcas si existe algn aspecto a mejorar o corregir y tengas conciencia de lo que has
hecho o dejado de hacer. Contesta con la honestidad que te debes a ti mismo.
Siempre
No siempre
Nunca
rm
at
INDICADORES
Puse toda mi voluntad en clase para entender los nuevos
conocimientos y relacionarlos con lo que ya saba para lograr su aplicacin en una conversacin.
Fo
Cumpl con las tareas de la mejor manera posible y las entregu en tiempo y forma.
Trabaj de manera coordinada con mi equipo y tuve en
cuenta sus observaciones y sugerencias.
Busqu la manera de aclarar mis dudas y superar mis dificultades.
Particip honestamente en las coevaluaciones tanto de los
trabajos de mis compaeros como de los mos propios.
Mi relacin con mi maestro y mis compaeros fue de camaradera y respeto.
Ests satisfecho con tus respuestas? Si no es as, depende de ti buscar con empeo la
manera de mejorar y lograrlo.
51
su
ve
nt
a
Tiempo asignado: 12 horas
bi
da
hi
Pr
o
o.
ni
c
r
ct
el
e
o
at
rm
Comparas hbitos y rutinas

realizadas en diferentes
pocas y entornos sociales
Fo
BLOQUE
Vocabulario:
Prendas de vestir.
Medios de transporte.
Alimentos.
Actividades de esparcimiento.
Actividades escolares.
Actividades deportivas.
Hbitos en sus formas:
interrogativa, afirmativa y
negativa.
Uso de las palabras how,
when, where, what y who para
elaborar preguntas.
Expresiones de tiempo para el
pasado.
ve
nt
a
Pr
o
hi
bi
da
su
OBJETOS DE APRENDIZAJE
Localiza informacin especfica

en un texto, oral o escrito, sobre
hbitos y costumbres.
Comprende las expresiones de
tiempo para el pasado en textos
orales o escritos.
Describe y compara, de
manera oral y escrita, hbitos y
costumbres de las mujeres y los
hombres de su comunidad, as
como de otras culturas.
ni
c
o.
DESEMPEOS DEL ESTUDIANTE
el
e
ct
Competencias a desarrollar
Fo
rm
at
Identifica e interpreta la idea general y

posible desarrollo de un mensaje oral
o escrito en una lengua extranjera,
recurriendo a sus saberes previos sobre
actividades de esparcimiento, escolares y
deportivas en pocas pasadas.
Se comunica en una lengua extranjera
mediante un discurso lgico, oral o
escrito, para describir y comparar
hbitos y costumbres de la gente de su
comunidad y de otras culturas.
Emplea estrategias de aprendizaje
autnomo, a travs de las tecnologas
de la informacin y comunicacin para
obtener informacin tanto de las formas
gramaticales, as como de los hbitos y
costumbres de diferentes grupos sociales.
Mantiene una actitud respetuosa hacia

la interculturalidad y la diversidad de
creencias, valores, ideas y prcticas
sociales, al momento de comparar los
hbitos, usos y costumbres.
Produce textos con base en el uso
normativo de la lengua, considerando
la intencin y situacin comunicativa, y
elementos formales del lenguaje como
la puntuacin, la ortografa, la sintaxis, la
coherencia y la cohesin.
B2
INTRODUCTION
ve
nt
a
Muchas veces nos da curiosidad saber cmo era la vida de las personas que
vivieron un siglo antes que nosotros; qu acostumbraban hacer los jvenes
para divertirse, para conocerse, para estudiar, etc. En esta parte del curso
vas a practicar el ingls hablando sobre los hbitos y las rutinas del pasado y
comparando tu propia vida con las de las generaciones anteriores. Tambin
comentars sobre costumbres familiares que han cambiado o desaparecido y
las que se efectan en la actualidad. Para iniciar recordaremos la expresin de
acciones que ya sucedieron.
bi
da
su
Initial activity
hi
Fill in the blanks with the past tense of the

verb in parentheses.
o.
Pr
o
a) What

(do) last weekend?
(see) the moon Friday night?
ct
you
(go) to
el
e
c)
ni
c
b) I
Puebla with my family.
you
(be) very cloudy. Did you?
Fo
rm
at
d) No, I didnt, the night

e) Yes, I
f) I
brighter than ever.
(see) it. It
(listen) that it
g) Yes. Thats true because it

usual.
54
(be) really beautiful.

(look) larger and
(be) closer the Earth than
Comparas hbitos y rutinas realizadas en diferentes pocas y entornos sociales
GRAMMAR
Remember past tense of To be:
Interrogative
Negative
I/he/she/it/ was
Was I/he/she/it?
I/he/she/it was not (wasnt)
You/we/they were
Were you/we/they?
You/we/they were not(werent)
nt
a
Affirmative
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
didnt win.
el
e
ct
ni
c
o.
Pr
o
hi
bi
da
win?
Gan?
Ganaste?
Gan l?
Gan ella?
Gan?
Ganamos?
Ganaron ustedes?
Ganaron ellos?
No gan
No ganaste
l no gan
Ella no gan
No gan
No ganamos
Ustedes no ganaron
Ellos no ganaron
su
Did
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
ve
Remember past tense of verbs not to be:
at
Affirmative. I/you/he/she/it/we/they won.
What
Fo
rm
With question words:
When
Where
Why
Did
What time
How much
Who
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
Win?
won?
55
B2
TALKING ABOUT PAST FACTS
Activity
ve
bi
da
su
The city was different

Lucy
Grandma, do you remember how
this city looked like when you were
a child?
nt
a
1. Listen, read, and repeat.
Oh, yes! The city was very different.
Lucy
Whats the main difference?
Grandma
It was very small. It was easier to go

to every place just walking.
Lucy
Were there any busses?
Grandma
Yes, there were. But most of the

people used to walk.
Lucy
Were there shopping centers?
Grandma
No, there werent. People used to

buy their groceries in the market,
and shoes, clothes, and other
things in small shops.
el
e
ct
ni
c
o.
Pr
o
hi
Grandma
at
Lucy
Grandma
Fo
rm
Grandma:
grandmother
56
When was that?

Well, approximately between 1920
and 1940.
Lucy
What other thing was different?
Grandma
People used to travel to other cities by train.
Lucy
Did you use to travel by train?
Grandma
Yes I did. There were trains for passengers. My parents used to travel
by train. It was cheaper than by bus; although, it took a long time.
Imagine: from Mexico City to Veracruz it took all the night!
Lucy
Its very interesting. Oh! Im sorry grandma, I have to go now. Could

we leave this conversation for later?
Grandma
Yes, my dear! Whenever you want Ill be here.
Lucy
Thanks a lot! Bye.
Grandma
Bye, bye! Have a good day!
3. Answer.
a) Do you think Lucy wants to know more about the city in the past? How do you
know?

ve
nt
a
b) How old do you think that grandma is now? Why?

bi
da
su
c) Do you think that grandma used to watch TV programs when she was a child?
Why?

hi
d) Why did grandmas family use to travel by train?

Pr
o
e) How did most of the people use to go to the market?

ni
c
o.
f) What kind of music do you think young people used to dance when that grandma
was a child?

el
e
ct
4. Read the dialogue one more time and look for the expressions that mean the same
idea that the following sentences. Copy them down.
at
a) Most of the people walked to everywhere.

rm
b) People bought things for food in the market.

Fo
c) People went to some other cities by train.

d) My family traveled by train.

5. Coevaluate your work with your partner.
57
B2
GRAMMAR
USED TO
The expression used to is a special past tense form. It is useful to talk about things that
were true or happened regularly in the past, but are not true or do not happen in the
present.
nt
a
Used to is followed by the simple form of the verb.
ve
Affirmative: subject + used to + simple form of the verb + complement.
Interrogative: Did + subject + use to + simple form of the verb + complement?
hi
My grandma used to cook every day.

Did she use to go the market by car?
She didnt use to drive.
What did she use to do on weekends?
Pr
o
Examples:

bi
da
su
Negative: subject + didnt use to + simple form of the verb + complement.
ni
c
o.
6. Rewrite these sentences with used to and complete the idea explaining the present
situation. Use the words in the box and complete with the contrasting ideas.Look at
the example:
ct
plane bikinis miniskirts dirty rock sports
Fo
rm
at
el
e
Example: In xix century girls did not practice boxing.

Girls didnt use to practice boxing in xix century. Now, they practice all the sports.
a) A century ago women wore long skirts.

58
ni
c
rm
at
el
e
ct
o.
c) People traveled long distances by ship.
Pr
o
hi
bi
da
su
ve
nt
a
b) Women didnt wear small swimming suits.
Fo
d) River and lakes were very clean.

h) In 1960, young people danced Rockn roll.

59
B2

Where did your grandfather use to work?
What did your grandfather do when he was young?
Alan
He used to be marketing director at an

international company.
Paul
Then, he used to travel a lot, didnt he?
Alan
Yes. He did. And he used to learn their customs. He

knows a lot about different cultures.
Paul
My grandfather used to work in a train for

passengers.
Alan
So, he also traveled a lot.
Paul
Well... the route of that train was from Veracruz to

Mexico City and from Mexico city to Veracruz.
Alan
Were there any other passenger trains?
Paul
Yes, there were. At that time there used to be

trains for different routes in the country, but now there is only one train for
passengers; it is the touristic route Chihuahua-Pacific, the rest of them are
freight-carrying.
o.
Pr
o
hi
bi
da
su
ve
nt
a
Paul
ni
c
9. Comment with your classmates about your own grandparents and their activities.
el
e
ct
10.Work with your team. Investigate and answer these questions. If you need vocabulary,
use your dictionary and ask your teacher for pronunciation and correct use.
Fo
rm
at
a) What did people use to think about the Earth before Christopher Columbus
discovered America?

b) Where did Aztec emperors use to live?

c) According to History, what did Benito Juarez use to do when he was nine years old?

d) What did girls use to study when Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz was a young girl?

60
nt
a
11. These paragraphs form a narration. They are scrambled. Read and number them in
a logical order.
ve
The story of a world champion

)
bi
da
su
Soon Clay became famous for talking about himself, and people use to call him the
Louisville Lip. In 1964 he beat Sonny Liston and became the World Heavyweight
Champion. He was a fast and aggressive boxer. His trainer said: he floats like a butterfly
and stings like a bee.
)
ni
c
o.
Pr
o
hi
He began to fight again in 1970. On March 8th 1971, he fought Joe Frazier for the world
title and he lost. But he was not discouraged, and in 1974 he had another chance to win
the world title. This time he fought George Foreman in Kinshasa, Zaire, and beat him.
He kept the title until February 1978, when Leon Spinks beat him in Las Vegas. But in
September 1978, he regained his title again when he beat Spinks at the Superdome in
New Orleans.
at
el
e
ct
In April 1967, Ali refused to join the US Army and fight in Vietnam. He used to go to
many meetings, especially in universities, and told people why did not like the war. He
liked to speak to students. When Ali refused to join the Army, the authorities sentenced
him to five years in prison. The boxing authorities took away his world title and his
license to fight. Ali did not fight again for three and a half years. But he never went to
prison. But on June 27th 1971, the US Supreme Court changed the decision: they said Ali
really was a conscientious objector.
rm
Fo
Cassius Clay was born in Louisville, Kentucky in 1941. He first became famous in 1960
when he won a gold medal at the Olympic Games in Rome. He became a professional
boxer in the same year.

Clay became a member of the Black Muslim religious sect and changed his name to
Mohammed Ali. After this, he used not to speak to people when they called him Cassius
Clay.
12. Coevaluate answers with your teamwork.
61
B2
13. Read the answer; then, complete the question.

a) What
Cassius Clay won the Gold medal in the Olympic Games in 1960.
b) Where
He was born in Louisville, Kentucky.
c) When
He became a professional boxer in 1960.
d) Why
Because he did not want to fight in Vietnam.
e) When
He became the World Heavyweight Champion in 1964.
f) How old
He was twenty three when he became the World Champion.
g) Who
Leon Spinks beat him in Las Vegas.
?
?
?
?
nt
a
ve
hi
14. Answer according to the text.
bi
da
su
Fo
rm
at
el
e
ct
ni
c
o.
Pr
o
a) Why did people call Cassius Clay the Louisville Lip?

b) How many times was Clay the World Heavyweight Champion?

c) How long was he out of boxing?

d) What was his name when he won the gold medal in the Olympic Games?

e) What was his name when he became the World Heavyweight Champion?

f) Why did he change his name?

g) What happened to Mohamed Ali on June 1971?

h) Why did the boxing authorities take away his title of World Champion?

15. Complete question and answer with the correct form of used to according to
the text.
a) Why
people
call Cassius the Louisville Lip?
b) Because he
c) What kind of boxer
62
talk a lot about himself.
Cassius Clay
be?
d) He
be a fast and aggressive boxer.
e)
he
convince students to go to war?
go to the universities to
f) No, he didnt. He
tell people why he did not like the war.
16. Coevaluate with your teamwork.
17. Answer with your own experience.
ve
nt
a
a) What did you use to play when you were seven years old?

su
b) Did you use to help at home when you were ten? Do you do it now?

bi
da
c) Did somebody at home use to help you with your school work? Who?

Pr
o
hi
d) What did you use to do on vacation when you were in elementary school?

18.Listen, read and repeat the vocabulary; then, use the new words to say something.
el
e
ct
ni
c
o.
Nouns
Bee.......................... abeja
Butterfly.................. mariposa
Heavyweight............ peso pesado (es una categora en el boxeo)
Lake......................... lago
Moon....................... luna
Shop........................ tienda
rm
at
Regular verbs
Float........................ flotar
Look like.................. ser (apariencia fsica)
Regain..................... recuperar
Fo
Irregular verbs
Beat beat.............. golpear, vencer
Fight fought.......... pelear
Keep kept.............. conservar
Lose lost................ perder
Sting stung............ picar, doler
Others
Bright...................... brillante
Cloudy..................... nublado
Muslim..................... musulmn
63
B2
COMPARING PRESENT AND

PAST ACTIVITIES
nt
a
Activity
Grandma, we have an unfinished talk. Do you

remember?
Grandma
Yes, dear, I do. What do you want to know?
Lucy
What did children use to play when you were a

little girl?
Grandma
Well, some boys used to play in the street near

their house.
Lucy
What did they use to play?
Grandma
They used to play ball, marbles, yo-yo.
Lucy
And what did the girls use to play?
Grandma
They generally played at home.
Lucy
What did you use to play?
su
bi
da
hi
Pr
o
o.
ni
c
ct
I used to play with my cousin Ann. She lived

across the street and we were frequently
together.
el
e
Grandma
ve
Lucy
I see. But what were your games?
Grandma
Well we played with dolls, jumped the rope,

play lottery.
Lucy
Did you use to go to the park?
Grandma
We didnt use to go to the park frequently.

Sometimes we went with my parents.
Lucy
Finally, did you have many boyfriends?
Grandma
No, I didnt. It was difficult, because I didnt use

to go to parties or go out with friends.
Lucy
Poor girls! You had a boring life.
Fo
rm
at
Lucy
64
3. Answer with your own experience.

a) What games did you use to play when you were in primary school?

b) What kind of TV programs did you use to see when you were nine? Why?

c) What did you use to do on Saturday when you were in Secondary school?

nt
a
d) What grade did you use to get in English tests? What about in this course?

ni
c
o.
Pr
o
hi
bi
da
su
ve
e) What sport did you use to practice three years ago? And now?

ct
4. Mr. Foster won the Lottery. He and his wife changed their habits. Use your imagination
and elaborate sentences contrasting their life before winning the lottery and today.
Look at the example:
el
e
They used to work as cookers in a restaurant: now, they are the owners of the restaurant.
Fo
rm
at
a) Very poor

b) Small apartment

c) Old car

d) Never travelling

e) Cheap cloths

f) No computer

g) Happy

65
B2
5. Read your answers to your teammates, and write a paragraph with your ideas and
your classmates.
6. Relate columns writing the appropriate letter in the parentheses.

A Some time ago, in many Mexican
cities children used to play ball in the
street,
) now a lot of people see pictures at

home.
B Some people used to go to the

cinema once a week,
) now there are thousands of girls

studying there.
C A century ago, people used to listen

to the news by radio,
) now they play video games by

themselves.
D Last century, not many women used

to go to the University,
) now most of them wear jeans, T

shirts and sometimes miniskirts.
) now they listened to them by cell

phones or watch them on TV.
) now, they cannot do it because

there are too many cars.
ve
su
bi
da
Pr
o
hi
E Boys used to play marbles with their

friends,
nt
a
ni
c
o.
F Japanese girls used to wear kimonos,
Fo
rm
at
el
e
ct
7. Coevaluate your work with your teamwork.
8. Read the text.

SIGOURNEY WEAVER
American actress Sigourney Weaver, famous for her role in the sci-fi movie Alien, is
still in space fighting aliens. She co-stars in the movie event of the decade: James
Camerons amazing 3D sci-fi film Avatar.
66
Avatar is Camerons first movie since he directed Titanic in 1997. Weaver thinks it will
change the way films are made. Weaver was very happy to work with Cameron again he
directed Alien (1986). He respects women, she explains. He knows we are intelligent
and strong. The character I play in Avatar, Grace, sacrifices her life for her beliefs. Only
Cameron could invent that character.
ve
nt
a
Weaver had a privileged childhood she is the daughter of an ex NBC TV president

but she was an unhappy child. Children used to bully her because of her height.
Height was also a problem at New Yorks Yale School of Drama: her teachers used to
gave her roles as prostitutes and old women only. Her first big film break was a six
second appearance in Woody Allens Annie Hall. Next she played the iconic role as the
tough Ripley in Alien. Finally the 29 year old Sigourney Weaver was a Hollywood star. Her
most successful films include The year of Living Dangerously, Ghostbusters and Gorillas in
the Mist.
bi
da
su
Today Sigourney is a committed environmentalist. She is raising money for the Dian
Fossey Gorilla Fund and for a center for orphaned gorillas in the Congo. She has
campaigned against deep sea fishing and in the documentary Acid Test, warns of the
dangerous increase in the level of acidity in our oceans.
hi
Sigourney used to fight against aliens in her movies, but her real fight now is against
humanitys destruction of planet Earth.
Pr
o
Rigg, John in Speak up. Profile, 298.
ni
c
o.
9. Lets practice identification of reference. Number the paragraphs. Complete the

information.
a) It (paragraph 2) refers to
ct
b) He (paragraph 2) refers to
el
e
c) We (paragraph 2) refers to
d) That character (paragraph 2) refers to
rm
at
e) Her (paragraph 3) refers to
Fo
Sometimes we find in the text expressions that are well known in the field of the
information (it is one more type of reference), and it is very important to understand
them for getting the correct message of the text. If we dont know them, we have
to look for their meaning.
10.Complete the information about these referents (if you dont know, investigate).
a) Sci-fi movie means:
b) 3D sci-fi film means:
c) NBC TV is
d) Co-star means that
67
B2
11. Read the text again and answer these comprehension questions.
a) Expressions written in cursive type are the names of

b) The author mentions several films because

nt
a
c) The most recent Sigourneys film is

bi
da
e) Is Acid Test a sci-fi movie? What is its purpose?
su
ve
d) 1986 year is mentioned because
hi
f) Weaver worked with Cameron by the first time when

Pr
o
g) Besides being a famous actress this woman is very interested in

ni
c
o.
el
e
ct
12. Mark RIGHT or WRONG, or I dont know (?) according to the text.
at
a) Sigourney Weaver is a very tall woman.
rm
b) Sigourneys father used to be a film director.
Fo
c) She is in space fighting aliens.

d) She is the main actress of the picture Annie Hall.
e) Acid Test is an environmental documentary.
f) Woody Allen was the director of Aliens.

g) Sigourney used to be an environmentalist when
she was studying Drama.
h) The Acid Test video is available free online.
68
RIGHT
WRONG
nt
a
13. Form a sentence with these words.
bi
da
su
ve
a) Tsunami /is /a /sea /produces /waves /movement /plants /the /over /which /gigantic
/the /continent.
Pr
o
hi
b) Both / Japan / there /tsunami /on /terrible /originated /April /a /was /a /earthquake /
which /2011 /in
ni
c
o.
c) The earthquake / damaged / the / and / of / nuclear / the / tsunami / Japan / one /
plant / in
el
e
ct
d) Scientists /and / trying /specialized /repair/ technicians /are /the /plant / to / nuclear
at
e) There are / who / they / have / people / everything / thousands / lost / of / used to.
Fo
rm
14. Answer this self assessment.

SELF - ASSESSMENT
Now I can
Always
Not
always
Never
Identify the habits and costumes expressed by used to

in an oral conversation.
Participate in an oral conversation comparing past and
present habits and routines in the city.
Write a short paper talking about past habits in my city.
Get the information in a written test about past and
present facts and routines.
69
B2
If you marked never, go back to the beginning of the lesson and check all the
exercises with your partner or your teacher. Then study and practice by yourself.
15. Answer the crosswords with the expressions missing in the sentences.
JUST FOR FUN
1
nt
a
su
ve
hi
bi
da
ni
c
o.
Pr
o
DOWN
1. Last century people
to travel by train.
2. Lucys grandma
travelling by train was cheaper than by bus.
3. Seventeen, eighteen, nineteen,
.
4. Sigourney played the
of Ripley in the film Alien.
6. All our
are explained in the Mexican Constitution.
8. Im going
take a rest.
Fo
rm
at
el
e
ct
ACROSS
3. The singular of these is
.
5. Little girls like to play with
.
7. The singular of those is
.
9. Almost all
like to use high heel shoes.
70
16.Listen, read and repeat the vocabulary. Then use every word in a sentence of
your own.
extraterrestre
mueca
ecologista, ambientalista
tacn
aumento
canica
papel (en una obra de teatro)
cuerda
su
bi
da
hi
Pr
o
aburrido
comprometido
hurfano
todava, an
dura, inflexible
Fo
rm
at
el
e
ct
ni
c
o.
Others
Boring.............................
Commited.......................
Orphaned.......................
Still.................................
Tough.............................
ve
Regular verbs
Bully................................ abusar de, intimidar
Raise............................... recaudar
Jump............................... saltar, brincar
nt
a
Nouns
Alien.............................
Doll..............................
Environmentalist..........
Heel.............................
Increase........................
Marble..........................
Role..............................
Rope.............................
71
B2
CHANGES IN MY PLACE
nt
a
Activity
ve
su
My colony was prettier

Karen Its good to be here again!
bi
da
Albert Im happy you are here.
Karen I used to live in this colony, but now everything is different.
hi
Albert How long did you live in Canada?
Pr
o
Karen I was there for five years. Look! On this corner

there used to be a stationers shop.
ni
c
o.
Albert And now there is a big supermarket. Do you

remember what there was in front of the
church?
ct
Karen Yes. There was a Gym. I used to go there with

my sister.
el
e
Albert Now there is a five floors building.
Karen Is it an apartments building?
rm
at
Albert Yes it is. There are too many people living

there.
Fo
Karen What a pity! This colony used to be quiet and clean.

Albert Youre right. It used to be. But now there is too much noise, too much
traffic, too much garbage, etc.
Karen You are right. The city is too crowded.

3. Use the dialogue to talk about the changes in your town or in any other place you
know.
72
Too many = muchos /as, demasiados. We use it with countable nouns (too many cars).
Too much = mucho / a, demasiado. We use it with uncountable nouns (too much
pollution).
Too + an adjective means that the amount of that adjective is more than necessary.
Examples:
Too expensive = muy caro / demasiado caro.
Too noisy = muy ruidoso / demasiado ruidoso.
bi
da
su
ve
nt
a
4. Fill in the spaces with too much, too many, or too.
pollution.
b) The air has
contaminating elements.
Pr
o
dogs in the streets.
o.
c) In some places there are
hi
a) There is
dirty.
ni
c
d) Streets are
e) Driver frequently get fines because they drive

traffic problems.
el
e
ct
f) Modern cities have
fast in the city.
Fo
rm
at
Im not on a diet
Freddy
Hello! Patty, nice to see you again!
Patty
Hi Freddy! How do you do?
Freddy
Very well thanks, and you? Where were you?
Patty
I was in Miami. I came back last week.
Freddy
But what happened to you? You look too thin! Are you on a diet?
Patty
No, Im not.. Im thin because I had problems with the food.

73

Are you anorexic or something like that?
Patty
No, no! Listen: while I was in Miami I lived with a very

kind American family, but there was a problem: all of
them were on a diet. They never eat past, bread, pork
chops, sausages, ice cream, or any other dessert.
Freddy
What did they use to eat?
Patty
They used to eat fish and salad every day! I hated it! I
was always hungry and I couldnt buy anything to eat
because I had no money. Food is too expensive there.
Freddy
How long did you stay there? Why didnt you come
back?
Patty
I had a scholarship. I was in an exchanged program. I

had to finish my school year. But finally Im here!
Freddy
Welcome home! Now be careful with your meals.
Patty
Oh yes! Im taking care of it.
bi
da
su
ve
nt
a
Freddy
hi
B2
ni
c
o.
Pr
o
a)
Patty stay in Miami? (place)
she in that house? (time)
c)
she look so thin? (reason)
at
el
e
ct
7. Complete the question about the dialogue. Pay attention to the indication in
parentheses. You have to use different verbal tenses.
Fo
rm
b)
74
d) What
she
to eat there? (habit)
e) What
she
now? (present action)

Doing a school work today
Dear its too late. Why dont you go to sleep?
Doris
I cant. I have to finish this Literature paper.

It is not easy.
Father
But now with the computer it is easier and

faster than before.
Doris
How did you use to do your schoolwork?
Father
I used to write them on a typewriter.
Doris
Whats the difference?
Father
If you make a mistake the computer can

correct, cut, move, etc. In a typewriter it is
necessary to do the complete page again.
Doris
Oh! Im lucky to live in this epoch.
Father
You are right. You are very lucky!
Pr
o
hi
bi
da
su
ve
nt
a
Father
ni
c
o.
10. In pairs, think of three or more inventions and elaborate a new dialogue talking
about what life was like before every invention, and how life changed with the
invention. Use the expression used to.
el
e
ct
11. Lets review past tense of some verbs. Write the verbs in the box in the correct
column. Then write their simple past.
at
Go have live wash cry write read come make act buy eat type
stay copy understand read raise bully cut
rm
REGULAR VERBS
Fo
Simple form
Simple past
IRREGULAR VERBS
Simple form
Simple past
75
B2
REGULAR VERBS
Simple past
Simple form
Simple past
ve
nt
a
Simple form
IRREGULAR VERBS
12. PROJECT
su
SHOWING GREAT DIFFERENCES
Pr
o
hi
bi
da
Organize with your classmates a presentation with photos, pictures and explanations showing the great differences in modern and old life. You may also expose old
articles as a typewriter, a record player, an old telephone, an old radio, etc.
ni
c
o.
13. Listen, read and repeat the vocabulary. Then use the new words in sentences of
your own experience.
Fo
rm
at
el
e
ct
Nouns
Apartment........................... departamento (vivienda)
Bread................................... pan
Building................................ edificio
Dessert................................. postre
Exchanged program............. programa de intercambio
Floor..................................... piso (en un edificio)
Garbage............................... basura
Ice cream.............................. helado
Noise.................................... ruido
Pollution............................... contaminacin
Pork chop............................. chuletas de puerco
Quiet.................................... tranquila
Sausage............................... salchicha
Stationer.............................. papelera
Typewriter............................ mquina de escribir
Irregular verbs
Cut cut............................... cortar
Others
Thin...................................... delgado, esbelto
Expressions
To be lucky........................... tener suerte
What a pity!.......................... Qu lastima!
76
Self test
I. Read the text, then answer the questions.
Pop Culture
ve
nt
a
Pop is an abbreviation of popular. Pop was the dominant music in England and
America in the 1950s. It was originally based on the folk music revival and rock-androll dynamics. Thanks to the transistors radio and the long playing record, the sound
of pop music spread all over the world; it soon represented a socio-cultural revolution.
Elvis Presley used to be the prototypical pop singer. Then came groups such as the
Beatles and the Rolling Stones, who used to write their own original music which was
recorded and marketed by skillful record executives.
hi
bi
da
su
The second field in which the term pop was used to identify a style was in poetry.
Pop poetry is easily intelligible, similar to pop lyrics, and like pop music, it appeals to
the young. Pop poems were primarily written for public reading in combination with
jazz. Roger McGough in Britain (Liverpool Poets), and Lawrence Ferlinghetti and Allen
Ginsberg in America are some of the famous names in this field.
el
e
ct
ni
c
o.
Pr
o
The term pop art was first coined in the mid 1950s. It was used to describe the
sophisticated starting constructions that artists began to make of everyday objects.
This type of art was based largely on the visual elements of American industry and
contemporary folklore, so that such characters as Batman and Marilyn Monroe were
immortalized in this art form. Sometimes, the most common objects such as the soup
can or the hamburgers are represented in pop art. The pop movement also affected
other areas, like the cinema, for example in certain films of Jean Luc Godard, and the
Beatles cartoon film Yellow Submarine. Fashion and graphic design soon entered the
scene. The whole complex is often referred to as The Pop Scene.
Adapted from De la Fuente et al. Think in English, 1990.
at
1. Why is jazz mentioned in the text?

Fo
rm
2. At that time there was not television. How was the pop music known all over the
world?

3. How did the pop poetry use to be?

4. In what areas did the pop culture have influence?

5. Why is Yellow Submarine mentioned in the text?

6. What kind of objects did pop artists use as models for their paintings?

77
B2
II. Write true or false according to the text.

1. Pop music appeared before the rockn roll.
2. People used to read pop poems with music of jazz.
3. A pop song was very sophisticated and hard to understand.
4. The Pop Scene was a film about that movement.
5. Graphic designers were also influenced by this type of art.
6. Pop art was mainly based on the old folklore of the United States.
nt
a
7. This movement was a political revolution in many countries.
2. Before the
b) thinks used to be
d) thought was
, people used
by mail.
a) telephone communicated b) telephone to send letters

c) internet to write
d) internet write
ni
c
o.
the most
hi
a) thought were
c) used to think were
Pr
o
that Marilyn Monroe
bi
da
1. In the 1950s most men

wonderful girl in the world.
su
III. Circle the option which complete the idea.
ve
8. There used to be clothes in pop style.
3. When my father
a) were listen
c) is listened
el
e
ct
a teenager, he used
b) used to be to listen
d) was to listen
their own music but Elvis Presley
to do that.
at
4. The Beatles
The Beatles music.
Fo
rm
a) used to write didnt use

c) wrote dont do
5. When my grandmother was a little child

newspapers.
a) watches didnt
c) there wasnt used to
6. What

78
b) sing didnt
d) used to sing sang
TV, people
b) there were dont

d) watched doesnt
your mother use to dance when she
a) does will
c) do are
b) will were
d) did was
a young girl?
read
Personal development test

Recuerda que esta parte es nicamente para ti mismo. Investiga el nivel de conocimiento que lograste con el trabajo de cada leccin del Bloque 2. Marca la columna que consideres que representa tu verdadero logro. Si por sinceridad debes marcar la opcin NL,
anota en la ltima columna lo que, a juicio, es conveniente para que logres esa competencia. Promtete a ti mismo que lo llevars a cabo para que tu trabajo sea exitoso.
LT=Logrado totalmente. LP= Logrado parcialmente. NL= No logrado
Qu me falt?
Cmo puedo lograrlo?
nt
a
NL
su
bi
da
hi
ni
c
o.
Comprendo en una conversacin oral las ideas

expresadas con la estructura used to en
comparacin con el presente simple.
Discrimino datos importantes en un texto escrito
referente a los hbitos y las rutinas del pasado, que
ya no se realizan en la actualidad.
Participo en conversaciones comentando acerca de
costumbres en la sociedad y en la familia que han
cambiado o que por alguna causa ya no se efectan.
Redacto textos cortos utilizando verbos regulares
e irregulares en diferentes tiempos, as como la
expresin used to.
Elaboro y dramatizo dilogos sencillos utilizando
vocabulario y expresiones adecuados al contexto.
LP
ve
LT
Pr
o
Usando el idioma ingls:
el
e
ct
La segunda parte de este cuestionario se relaciona con tu actitud y desempeo durante

el proceso de aprendizaje, y tiene el fin de que t mismo valores tu comportamiento y
esfuerzo, reconozcas si existe algn aspecto a mejorar o corregir y tengas conciencia de lo
que has hecho o dejado de hacer. Contesta con la honestidad que te debes a ti mismo.
Siempre
No siempre
Nunca
Fo
rm
at
INDICADORES
Puse toda mi voluntad en clase para entender los nuevos conocimientos y relacionarlos con lo que ya saba para lograr su
aplicacin en una conversacin.
Si no entend algo, busqu el apoyo necesario y lo coment
francamente con mis compaeros y mi maestro.
Trabaj de manera coordinada con mi equipo y tuve en cuenta
sus observaciones y sugerencias.
Cumpl con las tareas y trabajos en el trmino de tiempo establecido y de la mejor manera posible.
Particip honestamente en las coevaluaciones tanto de los
trabajos de mis compaeros como los mos propios y tuve en
cuenta sus observaciones.
79
su
ve
nt
a
bi
da
hi
Pr
o
o.
ni
c
r
ct
el
e
o
at
rm
Describes actividades que

se estaban desarrollando
en el pasado
Fo
BLOQUE
su
ve
nt
a
Vocabulario referente a
vestuario, comida, msica.
Pasado continuo para describir
acciones que estaban en
progreso en un momento
determinado.
Pasado simple para describir
actividades que interrumpieron
una accin en progreso en el
pasado para describir acciones
en el pasado.
Conectores First, then, after,
later, after a while.
Pr
o
hi
bi
da
Explica, de manera oral y

escrita, las actividades que se
llevaron a cabo en distintos
contextos.
Identifica informacin especfica
en un texto, oral o escrito, sobre
actividades que se realizaron
en su regin, otras partes de
su estado, el pas y el mundo.
Utiliza las estructuras
gramaticales del pasado
simple y pasado continuo para
describir las actividades que
sucedieron en un momento
determinado.
ni
c
o.
el
e
ct
Fo
rm
at
Mantiene una actitud respetuosa hacia la

interculturalidad y la diversidad de creencias,
valores, ideas y prcticas sociales, al
momento de describir actividades propias y
de otros grupos sociales.
posible desarrollo de un mensaje oral o
escrito en una lengua extranjera, recurriendo
a sus saberes previos.
mediante un discurso lgico, oral o escrito,
para describir y comparar las actividades
propias de su grupo con las de otros grupos
sociales.

obtener informacin utilizando las formas
gramaticales.
Produce textos con base en el uso normativo
de la lengua, considerando la intencin
y situacin comunicativa, as como los
elementos formales del lenguaje como
la puntuacin, la ortografa, la sintaxis, la
coherencia y la cohesin.
B3
INTRODUCTION
En una pltica cotidiana es muy usual comentar lo que estaba sucediendo en
diferentes lugares cuando algn hecho relevante para nosotros se llev a cabo.
O bien aclarar qu acciones en proceso fueron interrumpidas por alguna otra
que surgi de repente. La prctica en este bloque est centrada en ese tipo de
situaciones para que utilices el lenguaje cumpliendo el objetivo que persigas.
nt
a
Initial activity
ve
Lets do a general review.
(study present simple) at night.
bi
da
Peter
Peter studies at night.
su
Rewrite the sentences with the correct verbal form. Look at the example:
Pr
o
hi
a) We
(study present continuous) High School.

o.
b) My father
(study simple past) at the unam.

ni
c
c) I
(study future going to) French in Paris when I finish High
School.

el
e
ct
d) My great grandmother
(not study simple past) at the
University.

rm
at
e) When she was young, girls

(not study used to) far from home.

Fo
f) If Susi
(get simple present) a scholarship, she
(study simple future) English in London.

g) If she
(go simple present) to London, she
(learn simple future) to speak English as a native person.

h) If she
(not get simple present) a scholarship, she
(not study simple future) in London.

i) When we
(be simple past) in elementary school, we
(be used to) very good friends.

82
Describes actividades que se estaban desarrollando en el pasado
j) Next year we
(be simple future) in the same school again.
She
( come back going to) to this town.

k) If you
(want present simple) to meet her, I
(introduce future simple) you to her.

ve
nt
a
l) What
you (do used to) on weekends when you
(be simple past) in secondary school?

hi
bi
da
su
I WAS PLAYING CHESS
Pr
o
Activity
Joe
Bob
Joe
Bob
Joe
Bob
Joe
o.
ni
c
ct
el
e
at
Joe
Bob
rm
Bob
Did you feel the earthquake last Saturday?

Yes, I did.
What were you doing when the earthquake
started?
I was playing chess with my brother when the
chessboard began to move and the pieces felt
down.
What did you do?
We left the house and went to the street. It was
bad luck for me.
Why do you say so?
I was winning the game for the first time. My
brother always wins.
Didnt you come back to play again?
No we didnt... What were you doing at that time?
I was not at home. I was in Puebla, but we were watching the news when the
newsgirl said that an earthquake was occurring at that moment in Veracruz.
Did she look scared?
Not really. She said that it was not very serious and it only lasted few
seconds.
Fo
Joe
Bob
Joe
2. Practice the dialogue with your teamwork.
83
B3
3. Answer according to the dialogue.

a) Why does Bob say it was bad luck for him?

b) Did Joe feel the earthquake? Why?

nt
a
c) What happened with the pieces of the chess?

ve
d) Do you live in a seismic zone? What do you do when there is an earthquake?

su
bi
da
hi
He was not paying attention
He was giving me a fine.
o.
Dick
Pr
o
Dora I saw you yesterday. A traffic officer was

talking to you.
No, I didnt see the red light when I was

driving. And unfortunately a patrol came
after me.
el
e
ct
Dick
ni
c
Dora What did you do? Did you park your car in a
prohibited area?
Dora What a bad luck!

Yes indeed! So, the officer ordered to stop and gave me a fine.
Dick
rm
at
Dora You have to be more careful when you drive. You can cause a tragedy.
Fo
Dick
Yes, I know. I think I was not paying attention because I was calling my
girlfriend.
Dora I see! Thats another reason for the fine. It is banned to use the phone
when you are driving.
Dick
I wont do it again. Ill be more careful!
84
6. Practice the same dialogue but change some of its parts for the expressions in the
box and correct others if it is necessary.
Last Saturday have alcoholic breath watching a beautiful girl in the street
7. Use every one of these words in a sentence of your own.
a) (to park)
b) (parking)
c) (banned)
bi
da
8. Answer with complete sentences. If you do not know, investigate.
su
f) (alcoholic breath)
ve
e) (patrol)
nt
a
d) (fine)
a) How much is the fine for parking in a prohibited zone in your city?
hi
Pr
o
b) How much is the fine for a driver who did not obey the traffic light?

ni
c
o.
c) What is the fine for driving with alcoholic breath?
ct
d) Is there a fine for throwing garbage on the street?
el
e
e) What other action can cause a fine in your town?
Fo
rm
at
After preposition, the verb is always with ing ending. Examples:

A place for resting. Wash your hands before eating.
GRAMMAR
Past progressive / Past continuous

Watch the expressions in bold in both dialogues. It is the verbal structure named
Past Progressive or Past Continuous.
Past Continuous is used to express that a larger action in the past was interrupted. The
interruption is usually a shorter action in the Simple Past or just a mention of the time.
Examples:
Ann was watching TV (the larger action), when I called her (interruption with a shorter
action).
She was listening to the news (larger action) at midnight (time).
85
B3
9. Complete the grammar chart of Past continuous. Use a verb according to the
complement.
Affirmative and negative
SUBJECT SIMPLE PAST OF BE (NOT)
I
was (not)
VERB + ING
COMPLEMENT
playing
chess
You
watching
TV
He
winning
the game
salad
nt
a
She
It
meat
for you
ve
We
Interrogative
SIMPLE PAST OF BE
SUBJECT
Were
you
playing
hi
VERB + ING
in New York
COMPLEMENT?
chess?
TV?
the game?
a cake?
a letter?
music?
at that time?
ct
ni
c
o.
Pr
o
Was
bi
da
su
They
el
e
10. Coevaluate with your teamwork. There can be different answers.
Fo
rm
at
A question word is always placed before the interrogative form.
11. Elaborate a question using these words. All of them are based in the dialogues of
this lesson.
a) Bob / what / when / the / started / doing / earthquake / was?

b) the / winning / was /game / who?

c) moment / was / at / Joe /that / what / doing?

d) Was /doing / what / when / the / officer / Dick / saw / him?

86
12. Answer with complete sentences about your own knowledge.

a) What were you doing an hour ago?

b) What were you doing when your English teacher entered the classroom today?

c) What was your mother doing when you left to school today?

ve
nt
a
d) Were you sleeping at six oclock this morning?

su
e) Where were your parents living when you were born?

bi
da
f) Who was governing your state when you were born?

Pr
o
hi
g) Who was governing this country when you were born?

13. Read the text.
ni
c
o.
The sinking of the Titanic
el
e
ct
In 1912 an American shipping company launched a new ship called the

Titanic. It was the largest and most luxurious ocean liner of that time.
It weighed 46,000 tons and could carry 2,200 passengers. Experts said
that nothing could sink it. It was definitely unsinkable.
Fo
rm
at
On April 14, 1912 the ship sailed on its first voyage across the Atlantic
from Southampton in England to New York in the United States, with
2,224 passengers, men, women and children. On April 15, just before
midnight, the ship struck an iceberg. The iceberg tore a great hole in the
ships side and the unsinkable Titanic began to sink. There was great
alarm on board, warning bells were ringing out. Everyone rushed to the
lifeboats, but there was not enough room for them all. There was room
for only 1,178 passengers. The lifeboats took mostly the women and
children. It was a terrible scene, wives were weeping because they had
to leave their husbands to drown. Children were crying because they
had to say goodbye to their fathers. The men had to remain on the ship.
The Titanic was sending out signals for help, but no help came.
Another ship, the California, was only twenty miles away, but her
radio operator was sleeping and did not hear the distress signals. In
the early hours of the morning, the Titanic sank. Twenty minutes
later, another liner, the Carpathia, arrived on the scene and helped to
rescue survivors from the icy water. However, of the 2,224 passengers,
only about 700 survived.
Adapted from: Tibbits, 1977. Exercises in Reading Comprehension. Longman.
87
B3
14.Explain the information the number gives in the text.

Example: 46,000: the tons that the Titanic weighed.
a) 1912:
b) 2,200:
c) 2,224:
nt
a
d) 1,178:
ve
e) 700:
su
15. Based on the context, select the meaning which corresponds to the word and write
the number in the parentheses.
) 1. Large passenger ship.
b) Luxurious.... (
) 2. Space for occupancy.
c) Liner........... (
) 3. To put (a new ship) into the water.
d) To sink........ (
) 4. To tell about possible danger.
e) Voyage....... (
) 5. Boat for rescuing people from the sea.
f) Room.......... (
) 6. To go beneath the surface or to the bottom of water.
g) To launch.... (
) 7. A journey by sea.
ni
c
o.
Pr
o
hi
bi
da
a) Lifeboat...... (
ct
8. Very costly and comfortable.
el
e
READING STRATEGY
at
CONNECTORS
Fo
rm
There are some expressions which we use to join two ideas or sentences in a text.
These elements are called connectors. There are different types of connectors
according to the relation of the sentences.
Contrast connectors join contrasting or opposite sentences. Some of them are:
however, but, nevertheless. Examples:
They said the Titanic was unsinkable, however it sank.
There were 2,224 passengers, but only about 700 survived.
Cause connectors mark the reason of the action. Some of them are: because, as.
Examples:
The Titanic sank because it struck an iceberg.
As there were not enough room in the lifeboats, men had to stay on the ship.
88
16.Number the paragraphs. Then do the following exercise.

a) Copy down the ideas joined by a contrast connector in paragraph 2.

b) There are two cause connectors in paragraph 2. Copy down the sentences joined
by them.

ve
nt
a
c) Copy down the ideas that are connected with a cause connector in second
paragraph.

bi
da
su
d) Write the sentences joined by a contrast connector in paragraph 3.

1. Paragraph one gives a
Pr
o
hi
17. Read the text one more time; then, complete the sentences about the information
in the paragraphs.
of the ship.
o.
2. Paragraph two describes
ct
18.Answer according to the text.
ni
c
3. Paragraph three talks about
el
e
a) Beside the Titanic, how many ships are mentioned in the text? What are their names?

rm
at
b) Why were those ships important in that event?

Fo
c) Why were the wives and children crying?

d) Which passengers had the first places in the lifeboats?

e) How far was the California from the Titanic?

f) What percentage of the travelers survived?

89
B3
19.Think about your attitude in the English learning. Answer honestly the following
questionnaire. To check your score and find out what it means look after the
vocabulary.
The English students self-confidence questionnaire
1. When you see a movie in English on TV, do you:
a) Cover up the subtitles and listen to the dialog?
b) Listen to the dialogue, but you have a look at the subtitles every once in
a while?
d) Turn off the sound and just read the subtitles?
ve
Self-confidence =
confianza en uno
mismo, autoseguridad
nt
a
c) Try to read the subtitles and listen to the dialogue at the same time?
a) Try your English out of him or her?
su
2. When you meet an English speaking person, do you:
bi
da
b) Say only the things youre really sure of?
c) Listen carefully but try to avoid saying anything?
hi
d) Pretend that you dont speak any English?
Pr
o
3. When you read something in English, do you:

a) Read it quickly to get the general meaning?
o.
b) Read it over referring to an English dictionary every once in a while?
ni
c
c) Read it carefully referring to a bilingual dictionary often?
d) Read the first and last paragraphs and then find a translation?
ct
4. When you are doing homework, do you:
el
e
a) Do it pretty quickly, not worrying how much about mistakes?
b) Do it pretty quickly, but check it over three or four times for mistakes?
Fo
rm
at
c) Do it very slowly, trying to get it right?

d) Ask a friend for the answers?
5. When you are doing group work in class, do you:

a) Try to use as much English as possible?
b) Try to use your English only when you know you are right?
c) Use mostly English, but check that things are right in your own
language?
d) Listen carefully while the others do all the talking?
Taken from Harmer et al. Coast to Coast Students Book 3. Longman, 1988.
90
su
ve
Nouns
Chess................................... ajedrez
Chessboard.......................... tablero de ajedrez
Distress................................ angustia, dolor
Earthquake........................... temblor de tierra, terremoto
Fine...................................... multa
Key....................................... clave
Lifeboat............................... bote salvavidas
Luck..................................... suerte
Midnight.............................. medianoche
Newsgirl............................... reportera
Piece.................................... pieza
Room................................... espacio
Voyage................................. viaje, travesa
nt
a
20. Listen, read and repeat. Then use the words in sentences of your own experience
and comment with your partner.
ni
c
o.
Pr
o
hi
bi
da
Regular verbs
Ban...................................... prohibir
Launch................................. poner en circulacin por primera vez
a una nave
Drown.................................. ahogarse
Last...................................... durar
Pretend................................ fingir, simular
Remain................................ permanecer
Rescue................................. rescatar
Turn off................................ apagar
Try out................................. poner a prueba
el
e
ct
Irregular verbs
Have a look had a look....... ojear
Sink sank........................... hundirse
Strike stroke...................... golpear
Fo
rm
at
Others
Mostly.................................. primordialmente
Slowly.................................. lentamente
Expressions
Every once in a while............ de vez en cuando
Pretty quickly....................... bastante rpido
The English students self confidence questionnaire key.

Score 4 for a, 3 for b, 2 for c and 1 for d. Add up your scores
16 20
You are an excellent student of English. You will go far.
11 15
You are a clever and thoughtful student of English.
6 10
Well, you are doing things correctly and carefully. Sometimes though let yourself go.
15
When you start to help yourself, you will do it very well.

91
B3
WHAT WAS HAPPENING?
Activity
nt
a
Whos calling?
su
Doris
ve
Hellen Hello! Doris?
Oh, it was you! Im sorry! There was a big noise at

home when you called. I couldnt hear you.
While I was trying to listen to you, my brother
was playing his battery, the maid was using the
vacuum cleaner, the gardener was cutting the
grass with his machine in front of the window,
besides, the dog was barking and my little
nephew was crying because he was hungry. All
of this at the same time! Do you understand?
ct
ni
c
o.
Doris
Pr
o
Hellen What was happening?
hi
Doris
bi
da
Hellen Its Hellen. I called you yesterday but something

was wrong. You didnt hear me.
el
e
Hellen Sure I do! Dont worry. I just was calling to say

goodbye.
When are you going to leave?
Doris
rm
at
Hellen Im leaving today at three p.m. It was a pleasure to

be here and to meet you. Thanks for everything.
Fo
Doris
I enjoyed very much being your company. I hope

we keep in contact.
Hellen Sure! Ill write you as soon as I am at home. Be

happy!
Doris
Take care! Have a good travel! Bye!
92
3. Write the question for the answer according to the dialogue.

a)

He was playing the battery.
b)

Because he was hungry.
c)

In front of the window.

She was cleaning the sofa.
e)
su
It was barking.
bi
da
ve
nt
a
d)
hi
4. Work with your partner. Read carefully, imagine the situation and answer. Then
comment with your classmates. If there are different opinions, listen to their reasons
and explain yours.
ni
c
Some people were standing in other lines.
o.
Pr
o

Where was I?
a)
While I was standing in line, I was looking some people doing different activities:
A girl behind a small window was receiving a small piece of paper from a man.
A man behind another small window was handing some money to a woman.
el
e
ct
A woman was sitting in front of a man at a desk. She was signing some papers.
I was at
rm
at
b)
There were some other people sitting in the room.
Fo
A girl was sitting at a desk. The telephone frequently rang and she answered very
kindly.
We were hearing a distinctive sound of that type of place. It was making me
nervous.
When a boy left the next room, the girl at the door called the woman next to me.
She walked through that door.
I dont like to be there, but its a good habit to attend that place at least once a year.
I was at
5. Imagine another place with some activity. Describe what people were doing there.
Ask your classmates guess what the place was.
93
B3
6. Use your memory and answer.

a) Who was the first person you saw this morning? What was
he/she doing?

su
ve
c) How many students were there in your classroom when

you got in this morning? What were they doing?

nt
a
b) Who was the first person you saw when you arrived to
school today? What was he/she doing?

hi
bi
da
d) Who was the last person you saw last night? What was he/
she doing?

ni
c
o.
Pr
o
e) Who was the first teacher you saw today? What was he/she
doing?

ct
7. Write the verb in parentheses in the correct form of simple past or past progressive
according to the complete meaning of the sentence.
el
e
a) When I
(walk) into that office, some people

(work) at their computers.
rm
at
b) A secretary
(talk) on the phone.
Fo
c) The boss
(read) a newspaper.
d) Some customers were
(wait) out of the room.
e) One customer
(yell) at a secretary and waving his hands.
f) Others
(complain) to each other about the bad service.
g) A radio
(play) a Shakiras song.
94
How long did you have to wait?
And what were you doing while you were waiting?
Yes I did. But he had to attend an emergency.
Didnt you have an appointment?
I didnt see you yesterday afternoon. Where were you?
I was waiting for one and a half hour.
Fortunately there were some magazines, so, I was reading,

answering the crosswords, and calling my friends.
I went to the dentist. But I had to wait for a long time.
su
ve
nt
a
8. John and Alice are talking but the sentences are scrambled. Number them to form
a logic dialogue.
Pr
o
hi
bi
da
o.
10.Complete the paragraph relating what that person did yesterday according to the
dialogue.
ni
c
Yesterday afternoon
went to the dentist.
had to.

el
e
ct
As the dentist had an emergency, he

11. Read your narration to your classmates, listen to theirs and decide what is the best.
rm
An old TV series
at
Fo
Dina What are you reading?

Lucy Its something about an old TV series that my
mother used to watch.
Dina Whats its name?
Lucy Baywatch.
Dina I remember when I was a child, my oldest brother
always watched it. He liked the actress.
Lucy She was Pamela Anderson.
Dina It was on the air for a long time.
Lucy Yes, from 1991 to 1999. But later, another show,
Baywatch Hawaii, was on the air from 1999 until 2001.
95
B3
14.Read the text; then do the exercises.
ve
Baywatch was a successful television series during the 1990s.

It was so popular that it even appeared in the Guinness Book
of Records as the show with the largest TV audience,
reaching over a billion viewers worldwide.
nt
a
The Real Baywatch
hi
Pr
o
County is a civil
division of a state
for political, judicial
and administrative
purposes in the us. In
Mexico, we call that a
municipio.
o.
Lifeguards: salvavidas
bi
da
su
Baywatch described the adventures of a group of lifeguards in Los Angeles. It certainly made their jobs seem
glamorous, but what is the life of an LA lifeguard really
like? In order to find out, we talked with 26-year-old Alexandra Gudmundsson, who lives in Hermosa Beach and
works at Manhattan Beach. She is one of up to 1,000 lifeguards employed by the Los Angeles County Lifeguards
Service. Their job is to protect the millions of swimmers,
surfers and sunbathers who visit LA beaches. They monitor 72 miles of coastline in Southern California and rescue
about 10,000 people every year.
ct
ni
c
Alexandra abandoned her job as a magazine journalist

in order to become a lifeguard. We asked her whether
Baywatch accurately described the work of a lifeguard.
Fo
rm
at
el
e
Alexandra said: There are a lot of differences between us and TV. Since I became a
lifeguard we are trained. One of the big part of our training is we always watch the
water; meaning that our faces are always turned towards the water. We have to see
whats going on at all times. We cant ever turn our backs toward the ocean and toward
people who could potentially be in trouble. And I noticed in the show, obviously for
dialogue and acting purposes, they were always facing each other. Thats one huge
difference. And obviously, you know, its Hollywood, so their lives were a little more
exciting and glamorous than ours. Maybe we are not as glamorous, but were definitely
very fast swimmers. This job takes a lot of intelligence and a lot of special skills that
people dont always realize. They dont always realize how hard is to know whats
going on in the ocean.
15. Number the paragraphs.
Adapted from Lineman The Real Baywatch, in Speak up No. 300.
MORE CONNECTORS
In order to (para) introduces a purpose. Example: he is training in order to take part
in the competition.
So (as que) as a connector introduces a result or consequence. Example: he didnt
use to study, so, he failed his final exam.
96
16.Underline the expressions joined with in order to in the text.

17. Circle the correct answer according to the text.
1. Viewers in the first paragraph means:
a) People on TV.
b) People who were watching that TV series at the

same time.
c) People who liked that series. d) People who live in different parts of the world.
2. Alexandra Gudmundsson:
nt
a
b) Was a Baywatcher in the TV series.

d) Is a real lifeguard in LA.
Journalist: periodista
ve
a) Is an American actress.
c) Works as a journalist.
hi
o.
a) The reader.
b) The writers.
c) The real lifeguards.
d) Alexandra and the actors of Baywatch.
Pr
o
4. Us in the first line of paragraph four, refers to:
bi
da
a) What which character in the series she was.

b) If she knew the actors of that series.
c) If the TV series Baywatch showed the real life of lifeguards.
d) Where was she working when the series Baywatch was in the air.
su
3. The author of this text interviewed Alexandra in order to know:
c) Swimmers
b) Baywatchers
d) Real lifeguard
ct
a) Surfers
ni
c
5. They at the end of the second paragraph relates to:
el
e
18.Answer according to the text.
rm
at
a) What did Alexandra say it is one huge difference between the lifeguards in
the TV series and the real lifeguards?

Fo
b) What does LA mean?

c) Why does Alexandra say the lifeguards life in the show was exciting and
glamorous?

d) Copy down the opposite ideas joined by a connector in the fourth paragraph.

97
B3
19.Write: True (T), False (F) or I dont know (?), according with Baywatch text.
Manhattan Beach is in Los Angeles county.
It in the first line of the second paragraph refers to Los Angeles.
nt
a
Alexandra and their companions rescue a lot of people all over the year.
ve
Alexandra was working for a magazine when she decided to become a

lifeguard.
su
Lifeguards have to be watching the ocean every minute when they are
working.
hi
bi
da
Lifeguards take care of people who are swimming, surfing, and those who
are tanning in the beach.
Pr
o
Vocabulary practice
o.
20. Decide with your teacher the time limit for this game. Then answer individually.
at
Nouns
el
e
ct
ni
c
Fill each square with a word beginning with the letter at the top of the column and
being the part of speech indicated at the left. At the end of the time, exchange books
for the scoring. A correct word scores 1 point, but a correct word that occurs on only
one book scores 5 points. The player with the highest total score is the winner.
Fo
rm
Regular verbs
Irregular verbs
Others
21. Change the word at the top and play with your team.
98
22. Answer the Self assessment honestly and pay attention to your results. If it is
necessary, work hard to improve your accomplishments.
SELF ASSESSMENT
With my English knowledge, now:
Always
Not
at all
su
ve
nt
a
I get the information in an oral narration about what

was happening at a specific time, or when some other
fact took place.
I can express orally actions that I or other person was
doing at a specific time, or when something more was
happening.
I write narrations mentioning larger actions interrupted
by another short actions, and parallel actions that were
happening in a specific time in the past.
Not
always
bi
da
I identify opposite ideas connected by a contrast

connector in a written text, beside, I understand
information joined with a connector of cause.
o.
Pr
o
hi
23. Listen, read and repeat. Then use these words to say something about your own
experience.
el
e
ct
ni
c
Nouns
Gardener.............................. jardinero
Grass.................................... pasto
Line...................................... fila, hilera
Maid..................................... sirviente/a
Score.................................... marcador
Small window....................... ventanilla
Vacuum cleaner.................... aspiradora
Fo
rm
at
Regular verbs
Bark..................................... ladrar
Complain.............................. quejarse
Hand.................................... entregar
Rescue................................. rescatar
Score.................................... marcar, anotar
Sign...................................... firmar
Stand................................... estar de pie
Yell....................................... gritar (enojado)
Others
Behind................................. detrs de
Distinctive............................ caracterstico
Next to................................. junto de
At the top............................ en la parte de arriba, en la cima
While.................................... mientras
Expressions
Stand in line......................... hacer cola
99
B3
IT WAS RAINING
nt
a
Activity
Hi Sara! Are you sick?
Sara
Yes, I feel very bad.
Alfred
I see. You look terrible! What happened to

you?
Sara
I went to the theatre to see Jarocho. It was

incredible!
Alfred
But why are you so sick?
Sara
There were too many people. It was too hot

inside the theatre. But, when we went out it
was raining very hard and I soaked.
Alfred
Did you walk in the rain?
Sara
Yes I did. We had to take a taxi. It was not

easy. A lot of people were trying to get one.
Alfred
How long were you in the rain?
su
bi
da
hi
Pr
o
o.
ni
c
ct
Alfred
So you caught a bad cold.
Sara
Yes, unfortunately I did. But it was worthy.

That show is really unique!
at
Fo
rm
Worthy: vali la pena.
I think that it was more than an hour.
Soaked: empapado.
el
e
Sara
ve
Alfred
Alfred
I think you better go home to rest.
Sara
Youre right. Ill see you tomorrow!
2. Practice the dialogue with your partner. Use the name of any other show you like.
100
3. Complete these statements about Sara. Use the simple past or the past continuous.
You may invent more information.
a) When Sara was into the theatre,
b) When the public left the theatre,
c) Sara was walking in the rain for more than an hour because,

nt
a
d) She got a cold

e) She said it was worthy
su
ve
f) She was feeling very bad
I was studying when she called.

While I was studying, she called.
o.
Examples:

Pr
o
hi
bi
da
When you use the Past Continuous with two or more actions in the same sentence, it
expresses the idea that those actions were happening at the same time. The actions were
parallel. The connector while is usually followed by Past Continuous. The connector
when is most often followed by the Simple Past. Pay attention to the examples below.
They have similar meanings, but they emphasize different parts of the sentence.
el
e
(Watch a picture fall asleep)

My father was watching a good picture on TV when he
fell asleep.
ct
ni
c
4. Elaborate sentences using Past Continuous and

Past Simple of the verbs in parentheses. Look at the
example:
rm
at
a) Skate on ice brake a leg.

Fo
b) Walk down the street start to rain.

c) Bake a cake telephone ring.

Asleep: quedarse
dormido.
d) Visit Paris meet and old school friend.

e) Send mail computer stop working.

5. Coevaluate with your team work.
101
B3

A Birthday party
Marck What happened to Mr. Smith yesterday? He looked
upset!
Fabian When he arrived at his office, the place was a mess.
Marck Why? What were the employees doing?
ve
nt
a
Fabian Look As it was Pauls birthday, they were having a

party. Some of them were eating hamburgers, a cake
was on the boss desk, Charles was playing the guitar
while Leo was singing. There were balloons everywhere
and bottles of beer on the desks.
Marck At the office? Who organized that?
su
Fabian They thought that Mr. Smith was on vacation.
Marck He was, but he came back yesterday morning. What did

he do?
bi
da
Upset: molesto.
hi
Fabian He was so angry that he didnt say anything. He just got

off the office.
Pr
o
Marck And then?
o.
Fabian After an hour, he came back and found that everything

was clean and everyone was working.
ni
c
Marck And what did he say?
ct
Fabian Nothing, but nobody knows what will happen next

Monday.
rm
at
el
e
Fo
8. Complete the sentence with Past Simple or Past Continuous of the verbs in parentheses.
a) When Mr. Smith
(eat) hamburgers.
(come back), his employees
b) While Charles
(play) the guitar, Leo
c) While some of them

(drink) beer.
102
(sing).
(eat) hamburgers, others
d) When Mr. Smith

(see) that mess, he
the office without saying anything.
(get off)
e) When he
seriously.
(work)
(come) back the employees
GRAMMAR
The past continuous with words such as always and constantly can express the
idea that something irritating or shocking often happened in the past. The concept is
very similar to the expression used to, but with negative emotion. Remember to put
the words always and constantly between be and verb+ing. However, we can
find some similar expressions with positive meaning.
She was always coming to class late.
I knew a girl who was always smiling; she looked as a happy person.
nt
a
Examples:

su
ve
9. Work with your partner and elaborate sentences meaning something irritating. Use
the verbs in the box in past continuous with always or constantly.
bi
da
Smoke complain talk buy bull bark be angry
hi
a)
Pr
o
b)
c)
o.
d)
ni
c
e)
f)
el
e
ct
g)
at
10.Working with your teamwork write four similar sentences but with positive message.
rm
a)
Fo
b)
c)
d)
103
B3
11. Read.
Wouter Weylandt was a Belgian professional cyclist who had a terrible accident while
he was participating in the stage 3 of the 2011 Giro dItalia race last May. He crashed
while descending the Paseo del Bocco, suffering a fatal injury.
His manager Jef Vanden Bosch said the news that, before starting
the stage 3 of the race, Wouter send him a text message expressing his unusual nervousness.
Wouters message said: This race is very dangerous, cyclists ride
very nervously. Im worried.
ve
nt
a
In the final part of stage 3, riders were going downhill at estimated

speed of 70-80 km/h (43-60 mph) Wouter lost control and hit the
leading edge of a low concrete guard with his foot and pedal. He
was thrown to the right side of the road crashing his face down.
The 26-year-old boy died at once.
su
Adapted from: www.eluniversal.com.mx/deportes
bi
da
12. Relate the expressions which have a very close message in the text.
a) Terrible
) Crashing
) Downhill
) Fatal
d) Hit
) Cyclist
e) Descending
) Worried
o.
Pr
o
c) Rider
hi
b) Nervousness
ni
c
13. Elaborate five TRUE / FALSE questions with your teamwork; then, ask those
questions to the members of another team.
ct
JUST FOR FUN
at
el
e
14.Rearrange the letters of every word into at least one other different word. Look
at the examples:
Means...... names
Asleep ....
Rats ....
Enlarge ....
Charming ....
Tablet ....
Meal ....

Post ....
Panel ....
Lemon ....
Limes ....
Nerve ....
Tales ....
rm
Fo
104
East...... seat, eats
15. Coevaluate with your teammates.

16.Listen, read and repeat. Use the words of this vocabulary to say something.
ve
su
bi
da
Regular verbs
Argue................................... discutir
Calm down........................... tranquilizar
Crash.................................... golpear, chocar
Knock................................... golpear, noquear
nt
a
Nouns
Balloons............................... globos
Beer..................................... cerveza
Boss..................................... jefe
Flight attendant................... aeromoza (stewardess)
Ground................................. piso
Injury.................................... herida
Mess.................................... desorden
Trouble................................. problema
o.
Pr
o
hi
Irregular verbs
Catch caught..................... pescar, atrapar
Fell asleep fall asleep......... quedarse dormido
Hit hit................................ golpear
Think thought.................... pensar
Fo
rm
at
el
e
ct
ni
c
Others
Asleep.................................. dormido
Dizzy.................................... mareado
Everywhere.......................... en todos lados
Irritating............................... que molesta
Shocking.............................. que da mala impresin, psima
Upset................................... molesto
Without................................ sin
105
B3
Self test
Read.
A smoking trouble
While the flight 437 was flying from New Orleans to Tampa, a trouble took place.
nt
a
When traveler Richard Flowers was lighting a cigarette, another passenger objected.
However, Mr. Flowers continued to smoke. Soon he was arguing with all the passengers.
When Sharon Lane, the flight attendant, was trying to calm down the men, Mr. Flowers
knocked her to the ground. Captain Mike Smith took the plane back to New Orleans
airport, where some police officials were waiting to arrest Mr. Flowers.
ve
Mike Smith said that he returned to New Orleans because he was worried about the
passengers.
su
Mr. Flowers said that he was seating in a smoking seat. But maybe he didnt remember
that nowadays smoking areas are not allowed in any public vehicle.
bi
da
Adapted from Harmer et al, Coast to Coast Students Book 3, Longman .
hi
I. Circle the correct option according to the text.
Pr
o
1. However in the first line is connecting:
b) Opposite ideas.
d) Complementary ideas.
o.
a) Similar ideas.
c) Resulting ideas.
ni
c
2. Because in the third paragraph is connecting:
a) Ideas with the same message.

c) The explanation of Mr. Smiths feelings.
b) A sentence which explains the cause.

d) Some ideas with different message.
el
e
ct
3. Men in the first paragraph refers to:

b) Mr. Smith and Mr. Flowers.
d) Mike Smith and other passengers.
a) Passengers in the flight 437.

c) Mr. Flowers and other passenger.
at
4. Sharon Lane wanted:

b) To defend the other passenger.
d) To put the seatbelt to Mr. Flowers.
Fo
rm
a) To tranquilize the arguing people.

c) To ask a cigarette to Mr. Flowers.
5. Sharon Lane was on the floor of the plane because:

a) She got dizzy.
b) Mr. Flowers hit her.
c) She didnt have a seat.
d) She was looking for something.
6. The reason for which the captain returned to New Orleans was:
a) It was the nearest airport.
b) He thought the passengers could be damaged.
c) He received orders to go back to that airport.
d) The police was waiting there for Mr. Flowers.
106
II. Answer in English.

1. What is the action in progress mentioned in the first line?

2. In the sentence When Mr. Flowers was lighting a cigarette, another passenger objected,
what sentence stops the action in progress?

3. What did Mr. Flowers said to the police officer for defending himself?

III. Circle the correct option.

a picture when the fight
b) Was starting began
c) Were watching started
d) Saw take place
Pr
o
coffee while those men
hi
a) Watch starts
2. Sharon
b) Drank fight
c) Were drinking coffee was fighting
d) Makes argued
ni
c
o.
a) Was making were arguing

3. Mike
to the police while he
toward New Orleans.
b) Calls goes
c) Was phoning was flying
d) Went travelled
ct
a) Used to talk was riding
el
e
bi
da
1. The passengers
su
ve
nt
a
4. Where do all passengers want to go?

smoke all the time in
a) Used to every
b) Like to that
c) Wanted planes
d) Didnt use to a special
place.
Fo
rm
at
4. Mr. Flowers attitude showed that he
107
B3
Personal development
Recuerda que esta parte es para que te examines a ti mismo. Se trata de que visualices
el nivel de conocimiento que lograste con el trabajo del Bloque 3. Marca la columna que
consideres que representa tu verdadero logro. Si debes marcar la opcin NL, anota en
la ltima columna lo que consideres que es conveniente para mejorar esa competencia.
Hazte la promesa de lograr un resultado muy superior al actual y cmplela.
LT=Logrado totalmente. LP= Logrado parcialmente. NL= No logrado.
Ahora puedo:
LT
LP
ve
su
Pr
o
hi
bi
da
Participar en un intercambio oral de informacin

acerca de lo que se estaba llevando a cabo cuando
alguna otra accin sucedi.
Redactar narraciones sencillas acerca de lo que
alguna persona estaba haciendo cuando yo u otro
sujeto la vio.
Identificar y reconocer la diferencia entre actividades en progreso usando el pasado continuo y actividades completadas empleando el pasado simple.
Qu me falt?
Cmo puedo lograrlo?
nt
a
Identificar en una conversacin oral informacin

esencial descriptiva de acciones que se estaban
realizando en un momento especfico del pasado.
NL
ni
c
o.
La segunda parte de este cuestionario se relaciona con tu actitud y desempeo en el

trabajo, tanto individual como de grupo, para que t mismo valores tu comportamiento
y esfuerzo, reconozcas si existe algn aspecto a mejorar o corregir y tengas conciencia de
lo que has hecho o dejado de hacer. Contesta con la honestidad que te debes a ti mismo.
Siempre
No
siempre
Nunca
el
e
ct
INDICADORES
Puse toda mi voluntad en clase para entender los nuevos conocimientos y relacionarlos con lo que ya saba para lograr su aplicacin en mi conversacin.
rm
at
Si no entend algo busqu los apoyos necesarios y lo coment

francamente con mis compaeros y mi maestro.
Fo
Trabaj de manera coordinada con mi equipo y tuve en cuenta

sus observaciones y sugerencias.
Cumpl con las tareas y trabajos en el trmino de tiempo establecido y de la mejor manera posible.
Particip honestamente en las coevaluaciones tanto de los trabajos de mis compaeros como de los mos propios y tuve en
cuenta sus observaciones.
108
Fo
rm
at
el
e
ct
ni
c
o.
Pr
o
hi
bi
da
su
ve
nt
a
109
su
ve
nt
a
bi
da
hi
Pr
o
o.
ni
c
r
ct
el
e
o
at
rm
Fo
BLOQUE
Haces solicitudes y das

instrucciones
ve
nt
a
Actividades del hogar.

Verbos compuestos (phrasal
verbs).
Modales para hacer solicitudes:
can, could, would.
Pr
o
hi
bi
da
su
Solicita e intercambia
informacin, de forma oral y
escrita, referente a las tareas del
hogar y actividades escolares de
personas de su edad.
Realiza solicitudes y da
instrucciones en contextos
familiares, y distingue entre el
uso del registro para instruccin
firme y el registro de solicitud
amable.
Identifica y comprende datos especficos en un texto, oral o escrito, referente a las tareas del hogar
que los jvenes de su edad realizan
en diferentes culturas.
Utiliza los verbos compuestos
y los modales para hacer
solicitudes y dar instrucciones.
ni
c
o.
el
e
ct
Fo
rm
at
Mantiene una actitud respetuosa hacia

la interculturalidad y la diversidad de
creencias, valores, ideas y prcticas
sociales, al momento de describir
actividades que realizan sus compaeros
y compaeras de la escuela.
posible desarrollo de un mensaje oral
o escrito en una lengua extranjera,
recurriendo a sus saberes previos sobre
las tareas domsticas y actividades
escolares de personas de su edad en
diferentes entornos sociales.
mediante un discurso lgico, oral o
escrito, congruente con la situacin
comunicativa.

obtener informacin de las formas
gramaticales del bloque.
Produce textos con base en el uso
normativo de la lengua, considerando
la intencin y situacin comunicativa,
as como los elementos formales del
lenguaje (puntuacin, ortografa,
sintaxis, coherencia y cohesin).
B4
INTRODUCTION
Ser amable en el trato con las personas debe constituir un hbito, pues
as se facilita la convivencia armnica y positiva. Practicaremos en este
bloque el lenguaje que se utiliza para solicitar o pedir algo de forma amable,
as como aceptar y/o rechazar una invitacin de la misma manera utilizando
para ello algunos de los ms usuales phrasal verbs, as como los auxiliares
correspondientes a dicha funcin.
nt
a
Initial activity
ve
1. Read this fragment. Then answer.
bi
da
su
I was living alone, without anyone that I could really talk to, until I had an accident
with my plane in the Desert of Sahara. Something broke my engine. And as I had
with me neither a mechanic nor any passengers, I set my self to attempt the
difficult repairs all alone. It was a question of life or death for me; I had scarcely
enough drinking water to last a week.
Pr
o
hi
The first night, I went to sleep on the sand, a thousand miles from any human
habitation. Thus you can imagine my amazement, at sunrise, when I heard an
odd little voice. It was saying:
Would you please draw me a sheep?
ni
c
o.
What!
Draw me a sheep please!
el
e
ct
I jumped to my feet, I blinked my eyes hard. I

looked carefully all around me. And I saw the most
extraordinary person, who was there examining
me with great seriousness. I stared at this sudden
apparition in a great astonishment. Remember,
I crashed in the desert, a thousand miles from
inhabited regions. And yet my little man didnt give
any suggestion of a child lost in the middle of the
desert. When at last I could speak, I said to him:
Fo
rm
at
Thus: De esta manera.

Por eso, as que.
But, ..what are you doing here?

And in answer he repeated, very slowly, as if he were
speaking of a manner of great consequence:
Would you please draw me a sheep
When a mystery is too overpowering, one dare not disobey. I took out of my
pocket a sheet of paper and my pen. But then I told the little child I did not know
how to draw. He answered me:That doesnt matter. Draw me a sheep
So, I made a drawing. He looked at it carefully, then, he said:
This is not a sheep. This is a ram. It has horns. Make me another.
So I made another drawing.
112
Haces solicitudes y das indicaciones
This is too old. I want a sheep that will live a long time.
By this time my patience was exhausted. So I drew a little box with some small holes.
This is only his box. The sheep you asked for is inside.
I was very surprised to see the light brake over the face of my young friend:
That is exactly the way I wanted it!
It is a very small sheep that I give to you, I told him.
nt
a
He bent his head over the drawing. And said: Not so small. Look! He is sleeping
1. What do you think odd means in the text?

b) Extraa
c) Tenue
su
a) Bajita
2. The pilot felt a great amazement means that:

b) Sinti gusto
c) Se asombr mucho
3. I jumped to my feet expresses in Spanish:

b) Me levant de un salto
b) Little person
6. I in the text refers to the:
b) Author
c) Sahara Desert
c) Tomar agua
c) Pilot
el
e
ct
ni
c
b) Agua para tomar
a) Tomando agua
o.
5. Drinking water means:
a) Little person
Pr
o
4. This sudden apparition refers to the:

a) Odd voice
c) Estir mis pies
hi
a) Brinqu con un pie
bi
da
a) Se asust
ve
A. Circle the correct answer.
B. Write the question for the answer.
at
1. Question:
rm
Answer: Because the engine of his plane was broken.

?
Fo
2. Question:
Answer: He was sleeping when the little person arrived.
3. Question:
Answer: He was asking for a drawing of a sheep.

4. Question:
Answer: He said that he didnt know how to draw.

5. Question:
Answer: He said that it didnt matter.

2. Coevaluate your answers with your teamwork.
113
B4
Comment with your classmates and your teacher what is the message of this
fragment. Why did the child was happy with the last drawing?
bi
da
su
ve
AN INVITATION
nt
a
Note. This is a fragment of The Little Prince story. If you want to know what happened
then, look for Antoine de Saint-Exuprys book.
Activity
el
e
ct
ni
c
o.
Pr
o
hi
Hi Mandy!
Mandy
Hello Ruth! How are you?
Ruth
Fo
rm
at
Ruth
Fine, thanks. We are organizing a visit to El Tajin; would you like to

come along with us?
Mandy
Id like! But Im afraid I cant. Next Sunday is my mothers birthday, so

well have dinner with her.
Ruth
But were planning to go next month.
Mandy
Great! Id like to go. Let me know the date!
Ruth
Ok. As soon as we have it, Ill call you..
Mandy
Very well!. Ill wait for your call.
114
Im very cold.
Waitress
Would you like a hot chocolate?
Rose
Good idea! Ill have a hot chocolate

and a piece of cake.
Guille
Could I have a cup of coffee, please?
Waitrees
Sure! We have a delicious lemon pie.

Would you like to try it?
Rose
It sounds good. Ill try it.
Guille
Ill better have a chicken sandwich.
Waitress
Anything else?
Rose
Not, thats all. Thank you.
Pr
o
hi
bi
da
su
ve
Rose
nt
a
At the caffeteria
el
e
ct
At the office
ni
c
o.
May I come in?
Teacher
Yes, of course! Whats the matter?
Larry
Its about the final papers.
Teacher
Would you please close the door?

There is too much noise outside.
at
rm
Fo
Larry
Larry
Oh sorry! Would you please sign

these notes? Students parents are
coming to pick them up.
Teacher
Oh yes! Ill sign them right now.
Larry
Thank you.
6. Practice the dialogue.
115
B4
bi
da
su
ve
nt
a
7. Answer.
a) What sentences in the last three dialogues are expressing an invitation?

b) What sentence is used for accepting the invitation or suggestion?

c) What sentence is used for refusing the invitation?

d) What sentences are expressing requests?

e) What modal verb is used in most of those expressions ?

f) Go back to the initial activity and copy down the expression which is using the
same modal.

GRAMMAR
hi
WOULD
Pr
o
Would is a modal verb that in some uses corresponds to the Spanish verb ending ra.
It is very used for asking something and accepting or refusing in a kind manner.
o.
The most common uses for Would are:
Would you like a glass of water?
Making a polite request:
Would you lend me your book please?
ni
c
Making an invitation:
ct
Negative: would not/wouldnt.

Yes, Id like some water please.
el
e
Affirmative contraction: Id.
I wouldnt do that
rm
at
8. Invent and write a dialogue using the modal would. Act it out in front of the
group. Listen carefully to your classmates. Select the best one and copy it down in
your notebook.
Fo
9. Answer with your own ideas. Use complete sentences.

a) Where would you like to spend your next vacation? Why?

b) What would you do with a million dollar?

c) Would you like to be an astronaut? Why?

d) Would you like to live in another place? Why?

e) Would you prefer to be in some other place in this moment? Where? Why?

116
10.Lets do a review of the auxiliaries and modal verbs you know. Rewrite the following
sentence using the modal in the bracket and whatever you think is necessary. Write
the answer of your own.
WHAT DO YOU DO ON SATURDAY?
a) (Did)

b) (Will)

ve
nt
a
c) (Going to)
bi
da
e) (Must)
su
d) (Can)
Pr
o
hi
f) (Could)
g) (Would)

o.
ni
c
h) (Have to)
el
e
ct
i) (Used to)
rm
at
Fo
12. Number these sentences to form a logic dialogue.

Well not very good, but if I try, Im sure I could be

a good one.
Well, Id like to help people but not as a firefighter,

maybe as a lifesaver in a beach.
Sara, would you like to work as a firefighter?
And you, David? Would you?
Oh no! I wouldnt. Im afraid of fire.
Are you a good swimmer?
117
B4
13. Use the word to write a logic negative sentence with would.
Example: soldier.. I wouldnt be a soldier, Im afraid of war.
a) Rescuer ......

b) Fireman ......

ve
bi
da
su
d) Terrorist......

nt
a
c) Singer..........

hi
e) Astronaut....

Pr
o
14.Read these notes. Then, complete the ideas using the appropriate form of the verb.
el
e
ct
ni
c
o.
Carol:
I tried to call yesterday, but you
(be) at home.
Freddy and I
(go) to the ballet next
Saturday.
you
(like) to come along
with us? We
( go) to a restaurant later.

Mary
Fo
rm
at
Mary:
I
(get) your note. It is a very good plan. Id
really
(like) to go with you, but I have to take
care of my little nephew. My sister couldnt
(get) a babysitter and
(ask) me help
her. Anyway, thanks for inviting me. Have a good time. I

(see) you next week.
Carol
15. Coevaluate with your partner.
118
16.What do those notes say? Complete the paragraph with the information.
a)
is inviting Carol to go to the ballet
b) She and
will
after the show.
c)
says that she
but she
because she
of her little nephew.
d) Her sister
a babysitter.
her
because she
ve
nt
a
2
4
Pr
o
hi
bi
da
su
JUST FOR FUN

18.Complete the ideas according to the text in the initial activity. Then, fill in the puzzle.
ni
c
o.
el
e
ct
Fo
rm
at
DAWN
1. The little boy was saying: Would you please
me a sheep
2. That book is very interesting, you must
it.
3. My grandfather
in an office for many years.
4. Whats
name?
6. Many years ago, people
to travel by train in this country.
8. How do you say is in Spanish?
ACROSS
3. In secondary school, students usually
uniform.
5.
you like a piece of cake?
7. The waiter asks: Anything
?
9. We had to elaborate an
about this book as the final paper.
119
B4
19.Listen, read and repeat the words in the vocabulary. Then, practice using
them in a conversation with your teamwork.
ve
nt
a
Nouns
Babysitter............................. niera/o
Drawing............................... dibujo
Essay.................................... ensayo
Engine.................................. motor
Horn..................................... cuerno
Ram..................................... carnero
Request................................ solicitud, requerimiento
Rescuer................................ rescatista
Sheep................................... oveja
hi
bi
da
su
Regular verbs
Crash.................................... chocar
Jump.................................... brincar, saltar
Pick up................................. recoger
Refuse.................................. rechazar
Sign..................................... firmar
Stare.................................... mirar fijamente
Try on................................... probarse
Fo
rm
at
el
e
ct
ni
c
o.
Pr
o
Irregular verbs
Break broke....................... romper, quebrar
Come along came along.... acompaar, ir con
Draw drew........................ dibujar
120
TURN ON THE LIGHT PLEASE!
Activity
o.
ni
c
ct
el
e
at
Peter
Caro
Its getting dark. I cant read. Would you please turn on the light?
Yes of course! And Ill turn down the music as well.. Its too high!
But the boss turned it up.
Dont worry. He got out the office an hour ago.
Dont you like to listen to music?
Of course I like! But when it is too high, I cant concentrate myself. Can
you?
It doesnt bother me; but, if you want, Ill turn it off.
No, no! Just turn it down please!
Peter
Caro
Peter
Caro
Peter
Caro
Pr
o
hi
bi
da
su
ve
nt
a
Fo
rm

3. Answer according to your comprehension of the dialogue.
a) How do you understand the verb turn on?
b) What do you understand with turn down?
c) What is the message of turned it up?
d) How do you understand got out?
e) What is the meaning of turn it off?
121
B4
4. Comment with your teamwork. Do all of you have the same answer? Coevaluate.
5. Answer.
a) What is the characteristic of those verbs?

b) Do you remember any other verb with that characteristic? Which one?

nt
a
GRAMMAR
ve
THE TWO-WORDS VERBS / PHRASAL VERBS
Look = mirar / Look up = investigar
Pr
o
Call = llamar / Call off = cancelar
hi
Examples:
bi
da
su
Often verbs combine with other words, most commonly prepositions, to form what are
essentially new verbs. The meaning of those combinations are, many times, completely
different from the original meaning of the components parts.
Look up the doctors telephone number and call up the appointment.
ni
c
o.
There are hundreds of two-words combination. We are going to practice some of the
most common used.
Note: you can find some more two-words verbs in the Annex of this book.
el
e
ct
6. Lets remember some the phrasal verbs you are using since the first grade. Elaborate
a sentence with each one.
a) Get up
at
b) Get on
rm
c) Come in
Fo
d) Get out
e) Try on
7. Coevaluate with your partner.
122

A Japanese tradition
ve
nt
a
Allan Do you know that in Japan you cannot get in a house

wearing shoes?
Pilly Really? I didnt know.
Allan You have to take off your shoes and let them at the
door.
Pilly Do all visitors take them off?
Allan Yes, but sometimes, they offered you a pair of
slippers to wear in the house.
Pilly Its an odd tradition.
bi
da
su
9. Practice the dialogue with your partner. Then ask oral questions about that
information using the two-words verbs.
10.Listen, read and repeat.
Pr
o
o.
ni
c
el
e
Mother
Freddy
Mother
Freddy
Mother
Mom, could you please wake me up at six

tomorrow morning?
What are you going to do so early on Sunday?
My friends will pick me up at six thirty.
Where do you go?
We will go rafting.
Ok. Ill wake you up at six oclock.
ct
Freddy
hi
A different Sunday
rm
at
12. Express in English.
Fo
a) Los amigos de Freddy lo recogern a las seis y media.

b) La mam de Freddy lo despertar a las seis en punto.

c) Aunque es domingo, Freddy se levantar muy temprano.

d) Si est oscuro, Freddy prender la luz para vestirse.

e) l la apagar cuando sus amigos lleguen.

f) Sus amigos no entrarn en la casa de Freddy.

123
B4
13. These paragraphs form a composition, but they are not in order. Read them all
noticing the use of two-words verbs. Then number the paragraphs in a logical
sequence.
Janes Party
When Saturday night arrived, there was Jane all dressed up like
a Persian village woman. Her old aunt was dressed up like an
Indian chief from the American West. The guests began to show
up around eight oclock. What a collection of costumes! There
was a Turkish musician, an East Indian prince and a prehistoric
man. Marie Antoinette was there and Napoleon with a Cowboy.
Around twelve oclock, Janes friend, Margaret, was dancing

beautifully around the edge of the pool, when suddenly she lost
her balance and felt into the pool. This upset her a lot, but an
outburst of laughter from the group calmed her down. Then,
she began laughing too and the party went on until two a.m.
Jane called up all her friends and invited them to come down to
her house on Saturday night. She announced that it would be a
costume party. She wanted everyone to dress up in the funniest
costume he could think up.
There was a party at Janes house last weekend which didnt

break up until two a.m. Jane is living in a lovely old farmhouse
just outside of town. That house was closed up for years, but
now, she and her parents are fixing it up.
ni
c
o.
Pr
o
hi
bi
da
su
ve
nt
a
ct
Adapted from Wishon and Burks, Lets Write English, Book 1. American Book Company.
Fo
rm
at
el
e
14.Copy down the two-words verbs from the text and write their meaning in Spanish.
124
Verb
Meaning
15. Work with your teamwork to do the following exercise.

a) Imagine you are Jane and you are inviting to your friends to the party. What would
you say to each one?

b) How would you ask him or her about the costume?

nt
a
c) What would you do to calm down Margaret?

16.Answer with your own experience.
su
ve
a) When can we see many people dressed up?

bi
da
b) What can you do to calm down a little child who is crying?

hi
c) Do you remember the last party you were in? What time did it break down?

o.
Pr
o
d) What would be the funniest costume you could think up?

ni
c
17. Answer the Self Assessment and pay attention to your result.
ct
SELF ASSESSMENT
el
e
Now I can
Always
Not
always
Not
at all
at
Identify and understand the ideas expressed by some twowords verbs in an oral conversation.
Fo
rm
Use some phrasal verbs when talking with some other person about usual activities.
Elaborate and act it out simple dialogues using requests and
answers using two-words verbs with objective pronouns.
Get the information that some two-words verbs express in
a written text and comment about it with my teamwork.
18. Think about the results and if your answers were Always, congratulations! If not,
use your will to improve them.
125
B4

I will pick them up
Teacher
You must read the whole book of The

Little Prince, and then, elaborate an
essay about it.
A student When do we have to hand in the final

paper?
A student Are you going to pick them up on Friday

night?
su
No, I wont. Ill pick them up on Thursday

morning.
bi
da
Teacher
nt
a
Id suggest you hurry up with this work.

All papers must be handed in before the
end of the week.
ve
Teacher
hi
o.
Pr
o
21. Answer.

a) What two words-verbs are used in this dialogue?

ni
c
b) In the expression: to pick them up , whom does the objective pronoun refer to?

el
e
ct
c) What is the opposite expression of to pick up?

Teacher will pick up the papers. She will pick them up.
Fo
rm
at
22. Watch this sentence. Then, complete the exercise in a similar way. Pay attention
to the use of objective pronouns.
a) I forgot to turn off the light. Im going to
b) Would you please turn on the radio? Yes, Ill
c) Its very hot in this room. You can take off your coat. Youre right, Ill

.
d) If you want to read this letter, you should put on your glasses. Yes, Ill

.
126
17. Listen, read and repeat the words of the vocabulary and elaborate oral sentences
with them.
Nouns
Costume.............................. disfraz
Chief.................................... jefe
Farmhouse........................... casa de una granja
Guest................................... invitado
Laughter.............................. risa, carcajada
Outburst.............................. estallido
o.
Pr
o
hi
bi
da
su
ve
nt
a
Regular verbs
Call off.................................. cancelar
Close up............................... cerrar por mucho tiempo
Calm down........................... tranquilizar
Dress up............................... disfrazarse, arreglarse
Fix up................................... arreglar, acomodar
Go on went on................... seguir, continuar
Look up................................ investigar
Pick up................................. pasar por o recoger a una persona
o una cosa
Show up............................... aparecer, llegar
Try on................................... probarse
Turn on................................. encender, prender
Turn up................................. subir (el volumen)
Turn off................................ apagar
at
el
e
ct
ni
c
Irregular verbs
Brake up broke up.............. desintegrar, detener
Get in got in....................... entrar, subir a un automvil
Get on got on..................... subir a un autobs
Get out got out.................. salir
Take off took off................. quitarse (algo que se trae puesto)
Think up thought up.......... imaginarse, inventar
Wake up woke up............... despertarse
Fo
rm
Others
Funny................................... gracioso
127
B4
WHAT SHOULD I DO?
Activity
nt
a

Ann
ve
An appointment
Bye mum!. Wish me good luck!
bi
da
hi
Pr
o
ct
Ann
Doris
o.
Ann
Doris
ni
c
Doris
Ann
Doris
I have an appointment for a job at the American

Institute. They are looking for a secretary.
I think you shouldnt wear that kind of outfit.
Why? It is modern and very cool.
Yes, but it is not the best outfit for asking a job in a
school.
Then, what should I wear?
You should know! You should look well dressed but
according to the place where you want to work.
You are right. Ill put on something different.
Ok. Good Luck!
Ann
su
Doris Where are you going?
el
e
at
3. Complete the following sentences using the modal verb in bold type in the
precedent dialogue.
Fo
rm
a) For a clean skin you
128
eat more fresh fruit and vegetables.
b) Children
spend too many hours playing digital games.
c) They
help in the house work.
d) Parents
let little kids alone at home.
e) Every adult
be prepared to support himself.
4. Number the sentences to organize the dialogue.

( ) You should try to relax.
( ) Are you suffering from insomnia?
( ) Why are you so sleepy?
( ) No, Im working more than ever, Im stressed.
( ) I couldnt sleep last night.
( ) Youre right, thats a wise solution.
( ) I think I should look for help. Dont you think so?
GRAMMAR
The modal verb should (debera) is most commonly used to make a recommendation
or give advice. It can also be used to express obligation as well as expectation.
Examples: If you are in Canada, you should visit the city of Victoria and the Bouchard
Gardens (advice).

I really should be at the office at 8 a.m. (obligation).
Their plane took off on time. They should be at the hotel (expectation).
nt
a
Should expresses a personal opinion and it is weaker than must or have to. It is
often introduced by I think.
ve
5. Match sentences.
) He should look in the Sunday newspapers, they always have a lot of adds.
) You should advise her to take part in

the Miss Veracruz contest.
C. The major problem is that the

company doesnt have enough
customers.
) tomorrow will be too late!
D. A lot of people have high levels

of cholesterol.
) He should go for intensive lessons.
bi
da
hi
Pr
o
) They should take care of their daily

food.
) You should look for another one.
el
e
ct
at
G. You should do it right now,
) They should launch a major

advertising campaign.
E. Peter is looking for a new job.

F. Your friend Susan is very pretty
and intelligent,
o.
ni
c
B. My brother will study in Paris.

He needs to speak French.
su
A. Im bored with my job.
rm
WHAT DO YOU THINK?
Fo
Read and comment these questions in group. Then write an answer.

a) I saw my sisters boyfriend kissing another girl. What should I do? Should I tell her?

b) I love a girl who doesnt know I exist. What should I do?

c) An American tourist lost his passport. What should he do?

d) Peter is worried because he saw one of his friends taking drugs. What should he do?

129
B4
e) Larrys teacher is giving a Math review one more

time before the next day test. It seems as if everyone
understands except for Larry. He wants to raise his
hand and ask for help, but he is embarrassed. Larry
is afraid he will be the only in class who doesnt understand. What should he do?

ve
nt
a
bi
da
su
f) Some classrooms in the U.S. have pets. These pets

usually live in cages or in tanks and teachers and
students take care of them. Many people think that
classrooms pets teach kids about responsibility. Others worry that pets could bring diseases into school,
or harm kids who are allergic. What do you think?
Should classrooms have pets? Why?

[Question e) and f) were taken from Scholastic News, April 30, 2007].
Pr
o
hi
6. Listen, read and repeat the words of the vocabulary and elaborate oral sentences
with them.
Fo
rm
at
el
e
ct
ni
c
o.
Nouns
Appointment.................................... cita
Cage................................................. jaula
Expectation....................................... esperanza (de algo),
espectativa
Level................................................. nivel
Outfit............................................... conjunto (ropa)
Pet.................................................... mascota
Skin.................................................. piel
Regular verbs
Advise.............................................. aconsejar
Harm................................................ lastimar
Raise................................................. levantar, elevar
Seem................................................ parecer, dar la impresin
Irregular verbs
Be afraid was/were afraid............... tener miedo, o temor
Take off took off............................. despegar un avin, iniciar el
vuelo
Others
Bored............................................... aburrido
Embarrassed.................................... avergonzado
Sleepy............................................... somnoliento
Weaker............................................. ms ligero
Wise................................................. sabio
130
Self test
I. Chose a phrasal verb to replace the explanation in brackets, and circle the option.
when I hear the alarm clock.
c) Wake off
d) Wake in
2. On Sundays I can (leave bed)

a) Get out
b) Step off
later.
c) Get up
d) Step out
3. We must (be quick)

or well be late to school.
a) Act up
b) Fasten on
c) Hurry up
d) Speed in
4. John helped the old lady to (board)

a) Mount on
b) Get on

d) Put on
the bus.
c) Get up
nt
a
1. Every morning I (stop sleeping)

a) Wake out
b) Wake up
7. Please come in and (have a seat)

a) Seat up
b) Seat down
, said the secretary.

c) Sit up
su
the radio.
c) Turn up
d) Look up
Pr
o
hi
8. When Dad arrives home, he (removes)

his coat.
a) Puts off

b) Takes off

c) Leaves in

d) Sit down
d) Takes out
your glasses, said Mum.

c) Put in

d) Put up
o.
9. Dad couldnt see very well. (wear)

a) Put on

b) Put away

d) Tune at
bi
da
6. Its time for the news. Lets (start)

a) Turn on
b) Tune in
ve
5. Julio went to the library to (try to find)

a book.
a) Look out
b) Look after
c) Look for
ni
c
10. When we arrive at the station, we (descend from)

the train.
a) Get down
b) Stand down
c) Get off
d) Stand out
el
e
ct
II. Elaborate an invitation or a request according to the answer.

1.
Oh yes, Id like it with some milk please.
?
?
3.
You are right, its too high. I cant hear you.
4.
Id like, but I dont know how to swim.
5.
Yes teacher. Ill pick them up right now.
Fo
rm
at
2.
Id like, but I cant. I have to study for my final exam.
III. Complete every sentence with a modal from the box. Dont repeat any of them.
Must Could Should Couldnt Would Shouldnt
1. You
be so rude with your son. He is a very young kid.
2. He is a fat man. I think he

3. Where
4. It was very dark. I
exercise more and reduce fatty food.
you like to live for the rest of your life?

see the road signals.
5. Your class is at seven a.m. You
be at school at six fifty.

131

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B1

Contesta los siguientes ejercicios de la actividad introductoria que te servirn como

Read this text.

WHY IS SO DIFFICULT TO MAKE PREDICTIONS?

Describes situaciones de causa y efecto

THE WAY AHEAD

I. Answer according to the text.

a) Why is Hawaii mentioned in the text?

b) Express in Spanish the two laws mentioned in the text.

c) What is the example of the first law?

d) What is the example of the second law?

e) What does the text say about refrigerators in the future?

you practice English last week?

were you an hour ago?

is going to be your partner in this class?

you have English class next Monday?

your partner speak English very well?

you like reading?

old is your best friend?

a) Fujiyama is the most high volcano in Japan.

b) Some Chinese trains are the more rapid in the world.

c) E-mail is the most fast means of communication.

d) Basketball players are more tall than footballers.

Describes situaciones de causa y efecto

CAUSES AND EFECTS

1. Listen, read and repeat.

Will you go to the football game next Sunday?

Did you read the text about futurology?

3. Listen, read and repeat.

4. Practice the dialogue with your partner.

Describes situaciones de causa y efecto

) she understands the class.

) she cries loudly.

d) If you put a glass of

f) If she pays attention

a) If it snows in the city

6. Write the appropriate letter in the parentheses to express a fact.

, you dont have problems in the exams.

9. Answer with your own ideas.

c) What happens in your town if it rains more than usual?

Describes situaciones de causa y efecto

CONDITION AND RESULT

1. Listen, read and repeat.

It depends on the weather. If it is nice, Ill probably go camping. But

Im going to visit my grandparents.

Will you go to Chihuahua?

No, they are from Chihuahua, but now theyre living

How will you go there?

Im thinking of flying, but it depends on how much

If you go by bus, your travel will take many hours.

I know. But If I travel at night, I will sleep in the bus.

Ok, thanks. Thats really nice of you.

2. Practice the dialogue with your partner.

Nice of you = muy

3. Answer right, wrong or I dont know.

f) Weather will be nice next weekend.

If the weather is nice, she will go camping.

What will Helen do on the long weekend if the weather is nice?

Describes situaciones de causa y efecto

6. Underline the conditionals in the dialogue. Then answer.

c) What connector is used to join the two clauses?

Clause + Future clause.

8. Listen, read and repeat.

What will you do when you finish high school?