Applications of the Telemac-Mascaret

1D/2D/3D Open Source Flow Modelling

System to floods events

Jean-Paul CHABARD
IAHR Vice President
EDF R&D Project Manager

Presentation of the
Telemac-Mascaret 1D/2D/3D
Open Source Flow
Modelling System

MASCARET Hydraulic modelling

Assumptions
 Flow with one principal direction
 Subcritical or transcritical flow
 Flood plains can be modeled with storage
areas : a simple way to model flood plains in some
studies

 Well adapted for large domain simulation

 Gain on geometric data and on study time
FLOOD PLAIN

 Singularities simply integrated

 Complementary of 2D and 3D simulations

FLOOD PLAIN

STORAGE
AREAS

FLOOD
PLAIN

MAIN
CHANNEL

MASCARET :
Functionalities of hydraulic components

Three 1D hydraulic components based on the solution of

the shallow-water equations

 Unsteady subcritical flow (finites differences 1970)

 Steady transcritical flow
 Transcritical unsteady flow - non hydrostatic waves
(Explicit and implicit finite volumes scheme)
Dry areas - 2D modelling of the junction

Full network of rivers and channels storage areas

Singularities (weir,)

Boundary conditions :
Discharge or level imposed stage-discharge relation


Free outflow

 Control of flow changement to domain inflow

Coupled with transport pollutants Tracer

 Water quality library

The TELEMAC hydroinformatic system

SPH (2D or 3D)

2 dimensions

3 dimensions

Hydrodynamics

TELEMAC-2D

TELEMAC-3D

Sediment

SISYPHE*

TELEMAC-3D

Water quality

Chaining with Delwaq

Chaining with Delwaq

Groundwater flows

ESTEL-2D

ESTEL-3D

SPARTACUS

ARTEMIS
waves

TOMAWAC

BIEF
Finite Elements Library

Fudaa / Rubens / Blue Kenue

Tecplot

Matisse / Janet

Pre- and post-processors

Mesh generators

Laboratoire National dHydraulique et Environnement

* Co-property LNHE-Cetmef

The Telemac system

Main characteristics

Developed since 1987 at EDF R&D / LNHE

World distributed (first commercial with 200
licences, now freeware and open source)
FORTRAN 90, PERL, MPI
Based on unstructured grids
Documentation and validation

Key features
Finite Elements, Implicit schemes
Parallelism with domain decomposition
Dry zones
Non hydrostatic 3D with free surface
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Laboratoire National dHydraulique et Environnement

Installations all around the world

South-Africa, Germany, Argentina, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, South Korea, Croatia, Duba, Egypt, Spain,
United States, Finland, France, Greece, Holland, India, Iran, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Jordania, Lebanon,
Malaysia, Morocco, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Singapore, Switzerland, Thaland, Tunisia,
Turkey, Vietnam

French consultants
BCEOM, BRL, Canal de Provence, CEA, CETMEF, CNR, CREOCEAN, IX Survey, Mto France, Ocanide,
Optimer, Port autonome de Nantes, Port autonome de Rouen, Safege, Stude, SHOM, Sogreah, Veolia

Universities
UK : Bangor, Birmingham, Bradford, Bristol, Cambridge, Cardiff, East-Anglia, Exeter, Glasgow, Heriot-Watt,
Lancaster, Liverpool, London, Loughborough, Manchester, Nottingham, Plymouth, Portsmouth, Reading,
Southampton, St Andrews
Germany : Hannover, Stuttgart, Karlsruhe, Universities

Laboratoire National dHydraulique et Environnement

http://www.opentelemac.org
3500 registered users
7500 messages on the forum
108 countries
130 persons in 2011 user club in Paris
20th user club 16-18 October 2013 in Karlsruhe
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Laboratoire National dHydraulique et Environnement

A consortium to provide manpower

and steer developments

A first circle of industrial, engineering, institutional, academic partners willing to
reinforce/enhance the development of the system, and ensuring the industrial quality and
validation standards.

The group decides the integration process and development plan, promotion and
assistance, and engage resources/responsibility for developments, integration of
new features, documentation, validation, promotion ). Minimum resources: 2
persons/year

A steering committee, advised by a scientific committee :

Decides the technical, strategic and further developments orientations,
as well as the valorisation strategy

Defines the priority in the common developments and way of doing
them (internal resources of the members, call to Open source
community, .)

Checks if the developments fulfil the desired quality standards
(validation and documentation)

A specific internet site for the consortium:

To deliver and download the new reference versions

To call Opensource community for new developments

To receive new developments from the community

To animate the community Forum of users
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Laboratoire National dHydraulique et Environnement

2D Hydrodynamics
Telemac-2D
Shallow water equations (Saint-Venant)
Boussinesq equations
Meshes of triangles
Dry zones
Turbulence models
Tracers (temperature, pollutants, etc.)
Weirs
Culverts
Sources and sinks
Open boundary conditions

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Laboratoire National dHydraulique et Environnement

3D Hydrodynamics
Telemac-3D
Navier-Stokes equations
Meshes of prisms (superimposed 2D meshes)
Non hydrostatic 3D with free surface
Dry zones
Turbulence models
Tracers (temperature, pollutants, sediment)

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Laboratoire National dHydraulique et Environnement

Some applications to dam

break and river flood
modelling

Dam break and river flood modelling

Main objectives
Conception of dams and river
waterworks
Forecasting for population safety
Protection of industrial areas
Damage estimation
River basin management
etc.

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Laboratoire National dHydraulique et Environnement

Flood in river Loire near Dampierre

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1D- 2D shallow-water coupling

Real case : The Rhine river

Frameworks : Salom Coupleur Yacs - Juin 2012

Confrence ICHE accepted paper A possible coupling of 1D and 2D models to solve free-surface flow problems ,

Environmental modelling and software Malleron N., Zaoui F, NG

Extreme flood in the Rhne valley

Global model of Rhne valley :

domain of 360 km

2D model

Complex hydraulic study with

1D/2D models
Study of extreme flood for the

protection of fluvial nuclear power

plant
Global 1D model

The Vouglans dam-break (Ain) :

dam-break wave simulation study

with propagation on 100-year return
flood
Local 1D model
with storage areas

1D model with
storage areas and
composed channel

Vouglans dam
Context
The Bugey nuclear power plant,
located on the Rhne, is protected
against severe floods combined
with a possible failure of the
Vouglans dam on the Ain river.

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Laboratoire National dHydraulique et Environnement

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Laboratoire National dHydraulique et Environnement

Dyke break on river Rhne (study by Compagnie Nationale du Rhne)

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Laboratoire National dHydraulique et Environnement

1D Simulation with Mascaret

 A large number of studies :

Studies on EDF river dams concerned by safety
procedures : 9000 km of French valleys modelled

International diffusion : Hydro-Qubec, SNC-Lavallin

Malpasset dam break

Malpasset dam, 48 million m3, broke

on 2 December 1959, there was
433 casualties.
Dam for irrigation, not EDF property
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Laboratoire National dHydraulique et Environnement

Malpasset dam break

Real test for CADAM (Concerted Action on Dam break modelling)
Shut down of
transformers

 Fiel data :


Time propagation :

80
Field data
V7P0 with head loss
70

Cote (m)

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
0

2000

4000

6000
Abscisse (m)

8000

10000

12000

Wave
Wave
arrival time arrival time
(1D)

(2D)

A (1400)

100

91.4

110.5

B (9200)

1240

1221

1287

C (10500)

1420

1467

1435

Physical model : Maximum flooding

90

3 Field
data
(s)

Malpasset dam break

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Laboratoire National dHydraulique et Environnement

Malpasset dam break

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Laboratoire National dHydraulique et Environnement

3D simulation with 6 planes on the vertical

Computer times in Malpasset test-case

1000 time steps of 4 s each
mesh with 26000 elements

Telemac-2D Telemac-3D
2 planes on
the vertical =
1 layer of
elements
Linux
HP Z600

22 s

112 s

4s

20 s

1 proc.
Linux
HP Z600
8 proc.
(computer time in 1993: 86400 s)

Ratio Navier-Stokes/Saint-Venant = 5
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A dam break application with cars and people

(Canadian Hydraulic Center)

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Lagrangian Smooth Particle

Hydrodynamics
method (SPH) : a promising
tool for dam break and river
flood modelling

Lagrangian Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics

method SPH
For complex problems out of
reach of mesh based CFD
complex free surface flows
multi-phase flows
fluid-structure interactions

Aims:
Dimensioning dykes
Designing spillways

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Schematic dam break

3 D model

2 D model

Experiment
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Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics

First simulation of a real spillway
(Goulours dam)

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Costal flood modelling

Storm Xynthia in Charente (France)

26 February-1st March
2010
Tide coefficient 102
Wind160 km/h
Storm surge 1,5 m
59 casualties

Study
performed
by Artelia

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20/09/2008

Laboratoire National dHydraulique et Environnement

Would be flooding at Saint-Malo

SOGREAH

topograhy

Context
The city of Saint-Malo is subject to
severe storm surges combined with
high wind waves, capable of strong
overtopping through harbour defences
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Would be flooding at Saint-Malo

Finite element mesh
(56000 elements)

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SOGREAH

Laboratoire National dHydraulique et Environnement

Conclusion
Serious challenges to face
A diversity of promising methods
End of the 3D is too expensive anthem
Stop working on simplified equations

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Laboratoire National
dHydraulique et
Environnement

The end

Thank you for your attention

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Laboratoire National dHydraulique et Environnement