CHEMICAL KINETICS

GISELLE REYES1 AND REGINA MAE BULAONG2

1
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS, COLLEGE OF SCIENCE
2
DEPARTMENT OF MINING, METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING,
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES, DILIMAN QUEZON CITY, PHILIPPINES
DATE PERFORMED: AUGUST 31, 2016
INSTRUCTOR: LIZETTE MELLA

ABSTRACT
Chemical Kinetics is the study of reaction rates and the factors that may
prolong or shorten the time of reaction. The experiment was conducted to analyze
the effect of different concentrations to the rate of the reaction. Also, the change in
temperature and the catalysis were introduced to further observe how these affect
the reaction rates. The data obtained were graphed in a linear regression to obtain
the value of Activation Energy and the Arrhenius constant. The results showed that
there is a relation between concentration, temperature and catalysts to the rate of
reaction.

INTRODUCTION
Chemical Kinetics focus mainly on the
importance of reaction rates and how
factors may alter it. There are
essentially four factors that affect the
rate of reactions. These are: nature of
reactants, concentration, temperature
and the presence of catalysts. This
experiment aims to study the last
three factors and how they may affect
the rate of reaction of different
systems.

Lastly, Run 2 was prepared again and

four drops 0.1 M CuSO4 were added
and the reaction was timed again.
After the experiment the solutions with
Cu(II) were disposed in inorganic
waste jar and all other solutions were
discarded in the sink.
Table 1. Concentrations and
Components of Beaker A & B
Run

METHODOLOGY
Seven different solutions were
prepared before the experiment. In the
first part of the experiment, certain
amounts of solutions with different
concentration were mixed. Five runs
were done with solutions of different
concentrations. Each system of
solutions were observed and timed at
which the color of the solution
changed upon adding the contents.
Run 2 were repeated twice with
different temperature condition. The
first one was put into a heated water
bath and the second one wherein the
solution was put into an ice bath.
Again, the solution were observed and
timed at which the color changed.

1
2
3
4
5

Beaker A
0.2 M KI
0.2 KCl,
mL
10.0
0.0
5.0
5.0
2.5
7.5
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0

0.1 M K2S2O8

5.0
5.0
5.0
7.5
10.0

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Table 2. Concentration Effect
Run

[S2O82-]

[I-]

[S2O32-]

1
2
3
4
5

0.02
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.04

0.08
0.04
0.02
0.04
0.04

0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008

Rea
Ms
28.
33
95
29.
27

Figure 1. ln(rate) vs. ln[S2O82-]

Table 3 Temperature and Catalyst

Effect
f(x) = 0.29x - 2.37
R = 1

Table 2 shows the concentration of

S2O82- and I- of each reaction run. The
rates of each reaction were obtained
by dividing M with the time of the
reaction. The graph in figure 1 shows
the relationship between the ln(rate)
and the ln[S2O82-]. Only runs with the
same concentration of I- were
considered. A positive slope was
generated and an equation of the line
and R2 were obtained. As shown on the
graph, it may be concluded that the
rate and the concentration of the
reactant is directly proportional.

Run 2

Temperature , K

Set
Set
Set
Set

302
323
290
302

1
2
3
4

Reaction Time,
s
33
5.925
105
27

Other factors such as temperature and

catalyst were introduced in three set
ups of Run 2. In Table 3, it is evident
on Set 2 and 3 that at different
temperature, the rate of reaction
varies. Comparing the result of
reaction rates of Set 1 and Set 4, it is
deduced that the catalyst CuSO4 made
the reaction occur faster.
Figure 3. ln(k) vs. (1/T)

f(x) = - 8132.48x + 30.54

R = 1

Figure 2. ln(rate) vs. ln[I-]

f(x) = 0.88x - 0.98

R = 0.84

In figure 2, the data used to generate

the graph were only runs 1 to 3
wherein the S2O82- is constant. The
graph also showed that slope is
positive and the relationship between
ln(rate) and the ln[I-] is directly
proportional. From the lines generated
from each graph, the order of reaction
was obtained.

Figure 3 shows the relationship

between the rate constant and the
temperature. A negative slope was
generated on the graph. Table 3 and
Figure 3 showed that temperature and
catalysts play an important role in the
reaction rates of the system. The
higher the temperature, the faster the
reaction occurs. The catalyst, on the
other hand made the reaction faster
than usual by lowering the activation
energy needed for the reaction to
proceed.
REFERENCES:
[1] Brown, Theodore E. Lemay, H.
Eugene, et. Al., 11th edition. Chemistry:
The Central Science. Pearson
Education Inc., 2009.

Ra

3.
0.
9.
3.

[2] Petrucci, Ralph H., William S.

Harwood, and Geoffrey F. Herring, 8th
edition. General Chemistry. PrenticeHall, 2002