FFO

Seat No.
: ________
Enrolment No.___________
GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BE - SEMESTERIII(New) EXAMINATION SUMMER 2016
Subject Code:2130502
Subject Name:Fluid Flow Operation
Time:10:30 AM to 01:00 PM
Date:04/06/2016
Total Marks: 70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
MARKS
Q.1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Q.2
13
14
(a)
(b)
(c)
(c)
Short Questions
14
What is Newtons law of viscosity?
Differentiate between Compressible and incompressible
fluid.
How absolute viscosity and kinematic viscosity are
related? What are their units in practice?
Write equation of hydrostatic equilibrium showing each
term in figure and explaining it.
Write equation for measuring pressure drop by simple
Manometer.
When gravity Decanter is used?
What is fully developed flow.
What is Reynolds No.? How it classifies the flow of
fluid?
How maximum velocity is related to average velocity
when there is Newtonian fluid moving in a straight
circular pipe?
Write Bernoulli equation without friction.
Give equation for angular momentum.
What is relation between friction factor and Reynolds
No. for Laminar flow?
What is Mach No.?
Write formula for the NPSH.
.Discuss operating principle of Centrifugal Decanter
03
Water flowing at 1500 cm3/sec in a 50 mm diameter pipe
04
is metered by means of a simple orifice meter of Dia.
25mm. If the coefficient of discharge is 0.62 , what will
be the reading in a - mercury under water - manometer
connected to the to the meter? of Water = 0.8 CP,
Hg =13.6
Derive equation for Gravity Decanter relating Total
07
depth, depth of each fluid and densities of fluid
OR
Air at 20C and 2 atm absolute pressure enters a heater
07
through a 50 mm tube at an average velocity of 15 m/s. It
leaves the heater through a 65 mm tube at 90 C and 1.6
atm absolute pressure. What is average air velocity at the
outlet?
1
Q.3
Q.3
Q.4
(a) Define drag coefficient. Show relationship between Drag

co-efficient and Reynolds No.
(b) Discuss velocity Distribution for laminar flow of
Newtonian fluids in a circular channel.
(c) Sulfuric acid is pumped at 30 kg/min through a 60 m
length of smooth 25 mm pipe. Calculate the drop in
pressure. Density = 1840 kg/M3, Viscosity=25 cp
OR
(a) Discuss different types of weir and flow through them.
(b) Discuss construction and working of Rotameter
(c) Derive Bernoulli equation stating all assumptions.
(a) List various types of pumps and their specific application.
(b) List various types of Valves and their specific
application.
(c) Discuss construction and working of Centrifugal pump.
03
04
07
03
04
07
03
04
07
OR
Q.4
Q.5
Q.5
(a) What are the forces acting on a body falling freely in a

fluid..Explain what is terminal velocity.
(b) Explain the term fluidization
(c) Estimate the terminal velocity for 80- to 100-mesh
particles of lime stone (p =2800 Kg/M3.)falling in water
at 30mC.DP for 100 mesh =0.147 mm and DP for 80
mesh =0.175 mm, of Water = 0.8 CP and water=
1000kg/M3.
(a) .Discuss flow of compressible fluid through convergentDivergent nozzle.
(b) .Explain difference between fans, Blowers and
compressor.
(c) Explain any device to create vacuum.
OR
(a) Explain Cavitations in pump and Priming.
(b) Discuss construction and working of reciprocating
compressor
(c) Air at 1.7 atm gauge and 15 C enters a horizontal 75 mm
steel pipe that is 70 meter long. The flow rate of entering
Air is 0.265M3/s. Assuming isothermal flow,what is the
pressure at discharge end of pipe? of AIr = 0..0174
CP,Take f = .0044
03
04
07
03
04
07
03
04
07
*************
Seat No.: ________

BE - SEMESTERIII EXAMINATION SUMMER 2016
Subject Code:130502
Subject Name:Fluid Flow Operation
Time:10:30 AM to 01:00 PM
Date:04/06/2016
Total Marks: 70
Instructions:
Q.1
Q.2
(a)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(vi)
(vii)
(b)
Define following
Fluid
Hydraulic radius
Schedule No.
Mach No.
Cavitation
NPSH
Venna contracta
Write assumptions and derive Bernoulis equation without corrections for a
stream tube of increasing cross section and increasing elevation.
07
(a)
Discuss the concept of hydrostatic equilibrium and derive mathematical

condition of hydrostatic equilibrium.
Explain in detail the behavior of Newtonian and non Newtonian fluid with
suitable example and neat sketch.
OR
A differential manometer is connected between two points
as shown in figure. At point B, air pressure is 9.81 104
N/m2(abs). Oil (Sp. gr. =0.9) and water are flowing
through points A and B respectively. Manometric fluid is
mercury(Sp.gr.=13.6). Find absolute pressure in N/m2 at
point A.
07
Derive Hagen-Poiseuille equation

Explain fully developed flow. Also discuss concept of transition length for
laminar and turbulent flow.
OR
Briefly describe the construction and working of orifice meter and derive
expression for orifice coefficient
An orifice meter with a sharp edge and orifice size of 50 mm is being used to
measure volumetric flow rate of water in a pipe line of 250 mm i.d. If a mercury
manometer reads 242 mm difference, calculate the volumetric flow rate.
Density of water=1000 kg/m3, density of mercury= 13,600 kg/m3, viscosity of
water = 1.0 mPa s.
07
07
(b)
(b)
Q.3
(a)
(b)
Q.3
(a)
(b)
07
07
07
07
07
Q.4
(a)
(b)
Discuss in detail about gate valve and globe valve.

Acetic acid is pumped though a 75 mm internal diameter pipe with volumetric
flow rate of 0.015 m3/s. Viscosity of acid is 2.5 kg/(m s), density of acid = 1060
kg/m3.
07
07
OR
Q.4
(a)
(b)
What is cavitation? Derive equation for NPSH.

Draw neatly and discuss characteristic curves of centrifugal pump.
07
07
Q.5
(a)
(b)
07
07
Q.5
(a)
(b)
Explain any one method of dimensional analysis.

60 % sulfuric acid is to be pumped through a 25 mm i.d. pipe at a rate of 4000 cm3/s. It
is desired to discharge the sulfuric acid to an intermediate storage tank located to a
height of 25 m. The pipe is 30 m long and includes two right angle bends. Calculate
the power required by pump if pump efficiency is 56%?
Specific gravity of sulfuric acid =1.531, kinematic viscosity = 0.425 cm2/s, head loss
through 90 bend = 0.8 of velocity head, Fanning friction factor= 0.0094.
OR
Write a short note on centrifugal decanter.
Write a note on types of Fluidization and applications of Fluidization
07
07
*************
Seat No.: ________

BE - SEMESTERIII EXAMINATION WINTER 2014
Subject Name: Fluid Flow Operation
Time: 02.30 pm - 05.00 pm
Date:01/01/2015
Total Marks: 70
Instructions:
Q.1
(a)
(b)
Q.2
(a)
(b)
(b)
Q.3
(a)
(b)
State and Explain Newtons law of viscosity. Explain Newtonian and NonNewtonian fluids.
A simple U-Tube manometer is installed across an orifice meter. The manometer
is filled with mercury(specific gravity 13.6), and the liquid above the mercury is
carbon tetrachloride (specific gravity 1.6). The manometer reads 200mm. What
is the pressure difference over the manometer in Newtons per square meter?
07
Discuss with clear diagram construction and working of continuous gravity

decanter. Derive equation for the height of the heavy liquid outlet above vessel
bottom.
Derive Bernoulis equation stating all assumptions.
OR
An oil is flowing in a 2.0 c.m. I.D. tube at rate 20 lit/min. The oil viscosity is 40
cp and its specific gravity is 0.98. Calculate pressure gradient, Wall shear Stress,
and velocity at the centre of pipe.
07
Define Drag coefficient. Show relation between Drag co-efficient and Reynolds
No.
A partial oxidation is carried out by passing air with Hydrocarbon (1.2 mole %)
through 40 m.m. diameter tube packed with ( 3mm 3mm)cyllinderical catalyst
pallets for 0.9 meter length. The air enters at 3400C an d 2 atmosphere pressure
with a superficial velocity of 1 meter/ sec. What is the pressure drop through
packed bed ?Assume =0.4, Viscosity of air = 0.028cp. The pressure drop is
given by
P
150Vo ( 1 - )2
1.75 Vo2 (1- )
2
2
3
L
s Dp
s Dp
3
07
OR
Discuss with neat diagram construction and working of any one flow meter.
Natural gas consisting essentially of methane is to be transported through a .5
meter ID pipeline over flat land. Each pumping station increases the pressure to
7.0 Kgf/cm2 abs and the pressure drops to 1.75 Kgf/cm2 abs attje inlet to the next
pumping station 75 K.M. away. What is the gas flow rate in cubic feet per hour
measured at 150C and 760 mm Hg pressure ?
Q.3
(a)
(b)
Q.4
(a)
(b)
Discuss construction and working of single stage centrifugal pump.

Explain what is cavitation and when priming is required? Explain what NPSH
is.
Q.4
(a)
Discuss with illustration application of Dimensional analysis.
07
07
07
07
07
07
07
07
OR
07
Q.5
(b)
Discuss velocity Distribution for laminar flow for Newtonian fluids in circular
pipe and Derive Hagen- Poiseuille equation.
07
(a)
Estimate the terminal velocity for Dp = 0.161 mm of lime stone with density
2800 Kg/M3falling in water at 300C. Viscosity of water is 0.8 cp and take drag
coefficient equal to 20.Find NRep.
Discuss Fluidization.
OR
Discuss different types of valves used in chemical industries.
Discuss various types of flow observed in two phase flow.
07
(b)
Q.5
(a)
(b)
07
07
07
*************
Seat No.: ________

BE - SEMESTERIII (New) EXAMINATION WINTER 2015
Subject Name: FLUID FLOW OPERATION
Time: 2:30pm to 5:00pm
Date:29/12/2015
Total Marks: 70
Instructions:
Q.1
1
2
3
4
Q.2
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
(a)
(b)
(c)
(c)
Q.3
(a)
(b)
(c)
Q.3
(a)
(b)
(c)
Q.4
(a)
(b)
Short Questions
Define: Fluid
State physical significance of Reynolds number
Define: Mass velocity
Calculate the hydraulic radius and equivalent diameter for a duct of
square cross section of side b.
Define sonic, subsonic and supersonic flow.
What is fluidization?
State various types of check valves.
Define NPSH for centrifugal pump.
What is vena contracta in orifice meter?
What is schedule number of pipe?
For measurement of stack gas velocity _________ is used.
Define: Volumetric efficiency of reciprocating pump
Give significance and field of use of inclined manometer.
Define: Newtons law of viscosity
Differentiate between a pipe and tube.
Explain the principle and working of gravity decanter along with a neat
sketch.
Explain the Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids with suitable figure and
examples.
OR
An oil of density 1.6 gm/cc and viscosity 5.0 cp is pumped from a
storage tank at ground floor to the top of a column at a height of 10 m at
the rate 2000 kg/min through a pipe of inside diameter 5 cm. Calculate
the pumping power required in HP if the pump efficiency is 60%. The
losses due to valves and expansion may be taken as 1.5 (kgf)(m) / kg.
For friction factor use, f = 0.0014 + [0.125/NRe0.32]
Explain: Drag and drag coefficient.
Derive an expression of head loss due to sudden expansion of flow area for
steady flow of incompressible fluid.
Derive the Bernoullis equation. Write the necessary assumptions. Explain
the corrections applied to it.
OR
Explain what is cavitation and when priming is required in centrifugal
pump?
Differentiate: Variable head meter and variable area meter
Explain in detail about isentropic flow of compressible fluid through
nozzle.
Define: Potential Flow, Stream lines & stream tubes.
Explain flow in boundary layers?
14
03
04
07
07
03
04
07
03
04
07
03
04
1
(c)
Q.4
(a)
(b)
(c)
Q.5
(a)
(b)
(c)
Q.5
(a)
(b)
(c)
State types of reciprocating pumps and explain any one of them in details?
OR
Differentiate between laminar flow and turbulent flow.
Explain: Characteristic curves of centrifugal pump.
Sulfuric acid of Specific gravity 1.3 is flowing through a pipe of 8.0 cm ID.
An orifice meter of 2.0 cm diameter is fitted in the pipe. A mercury (sp. gr.
13.6) manometer fitted to the system measures the differential pressure as
15.0 cm. Calculate the mass flow rate of the acid in kg/hr. Assume orifice
coefficient as 0.61.
State types of fluidization.
Discuss the effect of friction factor for rough tube.
Write a short note on prevention of leakage around moving parts.
OR
State various types of fluid transport system.
A pitot tube with a discharge co-efficient of 0.9, is connected to a
manometer containing water. A light oil with specific gravity of 0.8 is
flowing through a pipe line of 8.0 cm ID. When the pitot tube is kept at
the centre of the pipe, the manometer reads 9.0 cm. calculate the flow
rate of the oil if the average velocity is 80% of the maximum.
List the different dimensional analysis methods and explain any one method
with the help of a proper example.
07
03
04
07
03
04
07
03
04
07
*************
Seat No.: ________

Subject Code:130502
Time: 2:30pm to 5:00pm
Date:29/12/2015
Total Marks: 70
Instructions:
Q.1
Q.2
Q.3
Q.3
(a) Answer the following questions.

i.
State the physical significance of Reynolds number.
ii. Define Mach number.
iii. What is difference between compressible and incompressible fluid?
iv.
Define potential flow.
v.
Define priming.
vi.
What is function of check valve.
vii.
Define drag.
viii.
What is schedule number?
08
(b) Answer the following questions.

i.
Define NPSH. For pump, NPSHA values must be more than NPSHR.
True or False? Why?
ii. To achieve same Mach number, velocity of compressible fluid obtained
in isothermal flow is less than that in adiabatic flow. True or False?
Why?
iii. Drag coefficient in hindered settling is greater than in free settling. True
or False? Why?
06
(a) Write a short note on centrifugal decanter.
07
(b) Describe rheological characteristics of fluid.

OR
(b) Describe boundary layer formation in straight tubes.
07
(a) Derive Hagen-Poiseuille equation.
07
(b) A nozzle is fitted to a large vessel containing air at a pressure 4905 kPa and
temperature 300 K. Air flows out steadily through the nozzle at the outlet of
which air pressure is 3433.5 kPa. Calculate velocity of air at the nozzle outlet (u)
in m/s.
1
P
2
P
kg
2
0

1
Data Given: 1.4 , M air 28.84

and u
1 0 P0
kgmol
07
OR
(a) Derive Bernoulli equation without friction.
Page 1 of 2
07
07
Q.4
(b) Explain any one method of dimensional analysis.
07
(a) Write a short note on pipe and tubing.
07
(b) Derive Ergun equation.
07
OR
Q.4
Q.5
Q.5
(a) Define cavitation. How to prevent cavitation?

A fuel oil pump delivers 400 m3 of fuel oil per minute by consuming 2.5 MW
of electric power. The fuel oils relative density is 0.95. Determine the
efficiency of the pump if the total head developed by it is 32 met.
07
(b) Write a short note on types of fluidization.
07
(a) Differentiate between Rota meter and orifice meter. Briefly describe pitot tube.
07
(b) Explain the characteristic curves for centrifugal pump.

OR
(a) A single stage reciprocating compressor is used to compress 306 m3/h of
methane from 0.95 atm to 5 atm abs, isothermally. The inlet temperature is 26.7
C. Calculate the power required by compressor, if efficiency of compressor is
80%.
07
(b) The rate of flow of water in a 150 mm diameter pipe is measured with a venturi
meter with a 50 mm diameter throat. When the pressure drop over the
converging section is 121 mm of water, the flow rate is 2.91 kg/s. What is the
coefficient for the converging cone of the meter at this flow rate?
07
*************
Page 2 of 2
07
Seat No.: ________

Subject Code: 130502

Time: 02.30 pm - 05.00 pm
Date: 01-01-2015
Total Marks: 70
Instructions:
Q.1
(a)
Answer the following:
i.
Laminar flow
ii.
Significance of Reynolds Number
iii.
Stream tube
iv.
Potential flow
v.
Cavitation
vi.
NPSH
vii.
Define hydraulic radius
(b) Discuss Rayleigh Method for the application of dimensional analysis to fluid
flow:
For the flow of fluid through long, straight and circular pipe, the pressure
drop/loss due to friction depends upon the following variables like diameter of
pipe, length of pipe, velocity of fluid, density of fluid and viscosity of fluid.
Obtain the relation between pressure drop and these variables.
Q.2
Q.3
Q.3
07
07
Explain hydrostatic equilibrium for stationary fluid and derive barometric

equation.
(b) Differentiate between the Newtonian and Non Newtonian fluids.
OR
(b) A simple U-tube manometer is installed across an orifice meter. The manometric
fluid is mercury (having sp.gr.13.6) and flowing fluid through piping is carbon
tetrachloride (sp.gr.1.6). The manometer reads 200 mm. What is the pressure
difference over a manometer in N/m2?
07
Derive Bernoullis equation for the flow with friction through inclined stream
tube.
(b) Derive the relation between mass velocity and average velocity.
07
(a)
(a)
(a)
OR
Find the drop in pressure due to friction in a 60m long and 25 mm i.d. pipe
when water is flowing at a rate of 10kg/s. If the pressure drop falls by one half,
what will the new flow rate be?
07
07
07
07
Density of water:100 kg/m3 and viscosity of water:0.0008 Pa.s

(b) Explain centrifugal decanter in detail.
07
Q.4
(a)
The velocity profile for laminar flow in a circular pipe is given by
07
u = umax{1-(r/R)2}
umax = constant velocity at the centre line of the pipe
r = radial distance from the centre line of pipe
R = radius of pipe
(i)
What is average velocity?
(ii)
Show that the velocity gradient varies linearly with radius.
(iii)
Find the velocity gradient at the wall and also at the centre line.
(b) Explain construction and working principle of venturimeter.
07
OR
Q.4
(a)
Discuss different types of valves.
(b) Define minimum fluidization velocity and conditions for the fluidization.
Q.5
Q.5
(a)
Water at 303 K flows through a horizontal pipe 20mm in diameter,in which the
pressure drop per meter length is to be limited to 2.35 Pa/m.Calculate the
volumetric flow rate.
Data: density:996 kg/m3 and viscosity of water = 0.8mPa.s

(b) What is hydraulically smooth pipe and also explain the importance of roughness
parameter.
OR
(a) Define and explain:
i.
Define drag coefficient.
ii.
Discuss bubbling fluidization.
iii.
Differentiate gate valves and globe valves.
iv.
Write down the velocity equation for the orifice meter.
v.
What is draft tubes?
vi.
Write down barometric equation and its significance.
Draw a diagram for development of turbulent boundary layer on a

flat plate.
(b) Explain the effects of pipe fittings, valves and joints on the flow of fluids.
07
07
07
07
07
vii.
07
*************
Seat No.: ________

BE - SEMESTER III EXAMINATION SUMMER 2015

Subject Name: Fluid Flow Operations
Time: 02.30pm-05.00pm
Date:04/06/2015
Total Marks: 70
Instructions:
(a) Explain the concept of hydrostatic equilibrium and derive barometric equation.
07
(b) Discuss different types of manometers used for pressure measurement with neat
Sketches.
.
(a) Explain in detail the behavior of Newtonian and non Newtonian fluid with
suitable example and neat sketch.
(b) A simple U-tube manometer is installed across an orifice meter.The manometer
is filled with mercury ( S.G. 13.6) and the liquid above mercury is CCl4 ( S.G.
1.6) The manometer reading is 200 mm. Calculate pressure drop in N/m2.
OR
(b) A centrifuge bowl 250 mm ID is turning at 4000 rpm .It contains a layer of
chlorobenzene 50 mm thick. If the density of chlorobenzene 1109 kg/m3 and
pressure at liquid surface is atmospheric, what gauge pressure is exerted on the
wall of centrifuge bowl?
07
(a) Derive Bernoulli equation without friction and explain the correction of
Bernoulli equation for fluid friction.
07
(b) Discuss friction loss from sudden expansion and sudden contraction of cross
section of pipe through which incompressible fluid is flowing.
OR
07
Q.3
(a) Write a short note on prevention of leakage around moving parts.

(b) Discuss in detail about gate valve and globe valve.
07
07
Q.4
(a) Derive the Hagen-Poiseuille equation for the volumetric flow rate in a straight
circular pipe.
(b) A pump draws a solution of S.G. 1.84 from a storage tank through a 75 mm
Schedule 40 steel pipe. The efficiency of the pump is 60 %.The velocity in the
suction line is 0.914 m/s. The pump discharges through a 50 mm Schedule 40
steel pipe to an over head tank. The end of discharge pipe is 15.2 m above the
level of solution in the feed tank. Friction losses in entire piping system are 29.9
J/kg. Calculate pressure developed and power required by the pump .
07
Q.1
Q.2
Q.3
07
07
07
07
OR
Q.4
(a)
(b)
What is meant by cavitation and priming? Explain the different characteristic

curve of the centrifugal pump with neat sketches.
A venturimeter is to be installed in a 100 mm line to measure the flow of
water .The maximum flow rate is expected to be 75 m3/h at 15C. The
manometer used to measure the differential pressure is filled with mercury
and water is to fill the heads over surfaces of mercury. The water temperature
is 15 C throughout. If manometer reads 1.25 m and venturi coefficient is 0.98
, calculate throat diameter and power to operate venturimeter if 90 % of the
pressure differential is recovered.
Data : S.G. of mercury =13.6 , S.G. of water = 1
07
07
Q.5
Q.5
(a) Briefly describe the construction and working of orifice meter and derive
expression for orifice coefficient.
(b) Discuss positive displacement pumps in detail.
OR
(a) Discuss boundary layer separation and wake formation.
(b) Prove that in laminar flow of Newtonian fluid , velocity distribution is parabola
with respect to radius and with apex at the centerline of the pipe.
07
07
07
07
*************
Seat No.: ________

BE - SEMESTERIII (NEW) EXAMINATION SUMMER 2015

Time: 02.30pm-05.00pm
Date:04/06/2015
Total Marks: 70
Instructions:
Describe the behavior of Newtonian and Non Newtonian fluid with the help of
figure and example.
(b) Derive the Bernoullis equation without friction.
Q.1 (a)
07
07
Q.2 (a) Explain the principle and working of gravity decanter along with a neat sketch. 07
Write the major equations.
Discuss the concept of hydrostatic equilibrium and derive mathematical 07
(b)
condition of hydrostatic equilibrium.
OR
Discuss
Reynolds
number
with
reference
to Reynolds experiment and its 07
(b)
significance.
Derive Hagen-Poiseuille Equation
Explain in detail : Drag and DragCoefficient
OR
What
is
Fluidization?
Give
its
application
in chemical process industries.
Q.3 (a)
Explain fully developed flow. Also discuss concept of transition length for
(b)
laminar and turbulent flow.
Q.3 (a)
(b)
07
07
07
07
Q.4 (a) What is meant by cavitation and priming? Explain the different characteristic curve 07
of the centrifugal pump with neat sketches.
(b) Sulfuric acid of density 1300 kg/m3 is flowing through a pipe of 50mm ID. An 07
orificemeter of 10mm diameter is fitted in the pipe. A mercury (sp. gr 13.6)
manometer fitted to the system measures the differential pressure as 10cm.
Calculate the mass flow rate of the acid in kg/hr. Assume orifice coefficient as 0.61.
OR
Write a note on Gate valves and Globe Valves

Q.4 (a)
07
(b) Calculate the power to pump a liquid at the rate of 1.5 kg/s from a ground level tank 07
at atmospheric pressure through a 50mm ID steel pipe to a overhead tank 3m above
at 2 kg/cm2 pressure. The distance between two tanks is 500m. Efficiency of the
pump is 70%. The density and viscosity of the liquid is 1500 kg/m3 and 20 cp
respectively. Friction factor f =16/NRe.
Q.5 (a) With the help of a neat sketch explain the principle and working of a rotameter.
07
(b) Give differences between pipes and tubes? What steps are taken for prevention of 07
leakage around moving parts?
OR
Q.5 (a) Explain boundary layer separation and wake formation.
07
Discuss the principle and working of a Reciprocating pump.
(b)
07
*************
Seat No.: ________


Time: 02.30 pm - 05.00 pm
Date: 04-06-2014
Total Marks: 70
Instructions:
Q.1
(a)
(b)
Q.2
(a)
(b)
(b)
Q.3
(a)
(b)
Q.3
(a)
(b)
Q.4
(a)
(b)
Q.4
(a)
(b)
Q.5
(a)
(b)
Q.5
(a)
(b)
Describe the behavior of Newtonian and Non Newtonian fluid with the help of 07
figure and example.
State the assumptions and derive Bernoullis equation without friction.
07
Discuss in detail about continuous gravity decanter.
07
Calculate the power to pump a liquid at the rate of 1.5 kg/s from a ground
07
level tank at atmospheric pressure through a 50mm ID steel pipe to a overhead tank
3m above at 2 kg/cm2 pressure. The distance between two tanks is 500m.
Efficiency of the pump is 70%. The density and viscosity of the liquid is 1500
kg/m3 and 20 cp respectively. Friction factor f =16/NRe.
OR
Discuss the concept of hydrostatic equilibrium and derive mathematical condition 07
of hydrostatic equilibrium.
Explain fully developed flow. Also discuss concept of transition length for laminar
and turbulent flow.
Derive Hagen-Poiseuille equation
OR
Explain in detail : Drag and drag coefficient
Describe Reynolds experiment in brief .Water of density 1 gm/cc and viscosity 1
cp is flowing in a pipe of 25mm ID at the rate of 1000 kg/min. Calculate the
Reynolds number and find the type of flow.
07
What is meant by cavitation and priming? Explain the different characteristic curve
of the centrifugal pump with neat sketches.
Write a note on types of Fluidization and applications of Fluidization
OR
Write a note on Gate valves and Globe valves
Discuss the principle and working of a Reciprocating pump.
07
Explain any one method of dimensional analysis with suitable example.

Discuss construction and working of a venturi meter and derive equation for
volumetric flow rate for the same.
OR
With the help of a neat sketch explain the principle and working of a
Rotameter
Water is to be pumped from ground level tank, which is open to atmosphere to a
cooling tower. The difference between the level of water in the tank and discharge
point is 15 m. The velocity of water through 40 mm internal diameter discharge
pipe is 3 m/s. In the pipe line there is a valve which is equivalent to 200 pipe
diameters and fitting equivalent to 150 pipe diameters. The length of the entire is
30 meters. Calculate the power requirement of the pump if efficiency of pump is
60%.
Data : density of water = 1000 kg / m3
Viscosity of water = 0.0008 Pa.s
Friction factor f = 0.004
*************
07
07
07
07
07
07
07
07
07
07
Seat No.: ________


Time: 02.30 pm - 05.00 pm
Date: 07-12-2013
Total Marks: 70
Instructions:
Q.1 (a) Explain cavitation and NPSH in centrifugal pump.

(b) Derive Hagen Poiseuilles equation with its significance.
07
07
Q.2 (a) A single stage Centrifugal pump with an impeller diameter of 30 cm rotates at 07
2000 rpm and lifts 3 m3 of water/sec to a height of 25 m with an efficiency of
80 %. Find the number of stages and diameter of each impeller of a similar
multistage pump to lift 5 m3 of water/sec to a height of 200 meters when
rotating at 1500 rpm.
(b) Water with density 1000 kg/m3 enters at 50 mm pipe fitting horizontally at 07
steady velocity of 1 m/s and a gauge pressure of 100 kN/m2. It leaves the fitting
horizontally at the same elevation, at an angle 450 with the entrance direction.
The diameter at the water outlet is 20 mm. Assuming the water density constant
throughout, the kinetic energy and momentum correction factors at both
entrance and exit are unity and hfs = 0.
Calculate (a) Gauge pressure at the outlet
(b) The forces in x and y directions exerted by the fitting on the fluid.
OR
A
U-tube
manometer
is
used
to
measure
the pressure of water in a pipe line, 07
(b)
which is in excess of atmospheric pressure. The right limb of the manometer
contains mercury and is open to atmosphere. The contact between water and
mercury is in the left limb. Determine the pressure of the water in the main line,
if the difference in the level of mercury in the limbs of U-tube is 10 cm and free
surface of mercury is in level with the centre of the pipe if the pressure of
water in pipe is reduced to 9310 N/m2. Calculate the new difference in mercury
level.
Q.3 (a) Explain any one method of Dimensional Analysis with one suitable example.
(b) Starting with Bernoullis and continuity equation, derive an expression for
venturimeter, stating all assumptions.
OR
Q.3 (a) Explain in detail : Drag and drag coefficient.
(b) Discuss different types of manometers used for pressure measurement with neat
sketches.
Q.4 (a) Define hydraulic radius, derive an expression for an equivalent diameter for the
case of square duct.
(b) Write a short note on types of valves.
OR
Q.4 (a) Discuss the types of fluidization with its principles and application.
Q.4 (b) Give the concept of hydrostatic equilibrium and derive the expression for
pressure distribution in gas container.
07
07
07
07
07
07
07
07
Q.5 (a) Water is flowing through a pipe having diameters 30 cm and 20 cm at the
bottom and upper level respectively. The intensity of pressure at the bottom end
is 2.5 kgf/cm2 and the pressure at the upper end is 1 kgf/cm2. Determine the
difference in datum head if the rate of flow through pipe is 40 lit/sec.
(b) Define hydraulically smooth tube. Discuss the effect of friction factor for rough
tube.
OR
Q.5 (a) Derive an expression of head loss due to sudden expansion of flow area for
steady flow of incompressible fluids.
(b) Define the following
a) Manometer head
b) Delivery head
c) Reynolds number
d) BWG
e) Schedule number
f) Skin friction
g) Form friction
07
07
07
07
*************
Seat No.: ________


Time: 02.30 pm - 05.00 pm
Date: 04-06-2013
Total Marks: 70
Instructions:
Q.1
Q.2
Q.3
(a) i) Differentiate between real fluids and ideal fluids.

ii) Give type and examples of non-Newtonian fluids.
iii) Define viscosity and write the units of viscosity.
iv) Derive the manometric equation from hydrostatic equilibrium
equation.
08
(b) Explain the principle and working of gravity decanter along with a neat
sketch. Write the major equations.
06
(a) i) Differentiate between laminar flow and turbulent flow.

ii) Water of density 1 gm/cc and viscosity 1 cp is flowing in a pipe of
25mm ID at the rate of 1000 kg/min. Calculate the Reynolds number and
find the type of flow.
03
04
(b) Derive the Bernoullis equation. Write the necessary assumptions. Explain
the corrections applied to it.
OR
07
(b) Calculate the power to pump a liquid at the rate of 1.5 kg/s from a ground
level tank at atmospheric pressure through a 50mm ID steel pipe to a
overhead tank 3m above at 2 kg/cm2 pressure. The distance between two
tanks is 500m. Efficiency of the pump is 70%. The density and viscosity
of the liquid is 1500 kg/m3 and 20 cp respectively. Friction factor f =
16/NRe.
07
(a) With a neat sketch explain the construction and working of a

venturimeter.
(b) Explain boundary layer separation and wake formation.
07
07
OR
Q.3
(a) Discuss different types of flow measuring devices along with their utility
and application.
(b) Sulfuric acid of density 1300 kg/m3 is flowing through a pipe of 50mm
ID. An orificemeter of 10mm diameter is fitted in the pipe. A mercury
(sp. gr 13.6) manometer fitted to the system measures the differential
pressure as 10cm. Calculate the mass flow rate of the acid in kg/hr.
Assume orifice coefficient as 0.61.
07
07
Q.4
(a) i) Differentiate between skin friction and form friction.

ii) Calculate the equivalent diameter for a fluid flowing in the annulus
space between a 40mm and 50mm diameter pipe. Neglect pipe wall
thickness.
03
04
(b) Draw the characteristic curves for a centrifugal pump and explain them.
07
OR
Q.4
Q.5
(a) Define:
i) Drag coefficient, ii) Mach number,
iii) NPSH
06
(b) Describe different types of pumps which are used in chemical industry
and their application.
08
(a) i) Explain the term cavitation. How do you avoid cavitation?

ii) Differentiate between a pipe and tube.
04
03
(b) Explain fluidization process and their application in industry.
07
OR
Q.5
(a) Describe different types of valves and their process application.
07
(b) List the different dimensional analysis methods and explain any one
method with the help of a proper example.
07
*************
Seat No.: ________

B. E. - SEMESTER III EXAMINATION WINTER 2012
Subject code: 130502

Time: 10.30 am 01.00 pm
Date: 10-01-2013
Total Marks: 70
Instructions:
(a) Explain in detail about continuous gravity decanter

(b) Discuss the concept of hydrostatic equilibrium and derive mathematical condition
of hydrostatic equilibrium.
Q.2 (a) A horizontal cylindrical continuous decanter is to separate 10 m3/h of a liquid
petroleum fraction from an equal volume of wash acid. Oil is continuous phase
and at the operating temperature has density of 860 kg/m3 and viscosity of 1 cP.
Density of acid is 1160 kg/m3. Compute the volume of the vessel, if 95% vessel is
filled with given liquid mixture.
(b) Explain in detail the behavior of Newtonian and non Newtonian fluid with suitable
example.
OR
(b) Define skin friction and form friction. Write down Bernoulli equation without
friction and explain the correction of Bernoulli equation for fluid friction.
Q.1
07
07
07
07
07
(a) Write a short note on friction loss from sudden expansion and sudden contraction 07
of cross section of pipe through which incompressible fluid is flowing.
(b) Derive Ergun equation.
07
OR
Q.3 (a) For laminar flow of fluid through pipe, derive the following relation for the ratio 07
of local velocity to maximum velocity,
Q.3
r
= 1
u max
rw
(b) Write a short note on types of fluidization.
u
07
(a) Air enters a convergent-divergent nozzle at a temperature of 555.6 K and a

pressure of 20 atm. The throat area is one-half that of the discharge of divergent
section. Assuming the Mach number in the throat is 0.8, what are the values of
pressure and density at the throat?
Data given: For air = 1.4 and M = 29 gm/mol.
(b) Write a short note on prevention of leakage around moving parts.
OR
Q.4 (a) Explain in detail about isentropic flow of compressible fluid through nozzle.
(b) Discuss in detail about gate valve and globe valve.
07
(a) A three-stage reciprocating compressor is to compress 306 m3/h of methane from

0.95 to 61.3 atm abs. The inlet temperature is 26.7 C. For the expected
temperature range average properties of methane are CP = 38.9 J/(mol C) and
=1.31. Calculate the power required, if the mechanical efficiency is 80 %?
(b) Explain the characteristic curve of centrifugal pump with neat sketches.
OR
Q.5 (a) Differentiate between variable head flow meters and variable area flow meters.
Briefly describe the construction and working of venture meter.
(b) Explain any one method of dimensional analysis with suitable example.
07
Q.4
Q.5
07
07
07
07
07
07
*************
1
Seat No.: _____
Enrolment No.______

BE SEM-III Examination May 2012
Date: 15/05/2012
Time: 02.30 pm 05.00 pm

Total Marks: 70
Instructions:
Q.1
(a)
(b)
State the assumptions and derive Bernoullis equation for pump work.
Explain centrifugal pumps and their types with neat labelled diagram. Derive
head flow relation for an ideal centrifugal pump. Write appropriate assumptions
if any.
07
07
Q.2
(a)
Classify flow measuring devices according to their working principle and

derive mass and volumetric flowrate for ideal and fully developed flow in
venturimeter.
Derive for shear stress distribution for fluid in steady flow in a cylindrical tube.
Also give the relation between skin friction and wall shear.
OR
Starting from the definition of kinetic energy correction factor, prove that = 2
for laminar flow.
07
(b)
(b)
Q.3
(a)
(b)
Q.3
(a)
(b)
Define:
(i)Potential flow (ii)Streamlineflow (iii)Viscosity (iv)Steady state flow
(v)Irrotational flow (vi)Equivalent diameter (vii)Smooth pipe
Give detailed classification of fluids based on Newtons law of viscosity.
OR
A sugar syrup is flowing in a pipe of 55mm i.d at a flow rate of 66.67cm3/s. The
viscosity is 0.15N.s/m2 and density is 1040kg/m3. Calculate the frictional loss
over a length of 10m.
The U-tube manometer is used to measure pressure drop across an orifice
meter. The manometric fluid is mercury(sp.gr.=13.6) and fluid flowing through
pipeline and filling manometirc limbs is brine(sp.gr.=1.26). When the pressure
at taps is equal, the level of mercury in manometer is one meter below the taps.
In operating conditions, the pressure at the upstream tap is 115.324kN/ m2
absolute and that at the downstream tap is 33.864 kN/ m2 below atmospheric.
What is reading of manometer in centimeter.
07
07
07
07
07
07
Q.4
(a)
(b)
What is Fluidization? Give its application in chemical process industries.

Derive Hagen Poiseuille equation.Give its significance.
Q.4
(a)
State different methods of dimensional analysis. Explain Bukingham - method

with example in detail.
Derive the continuity equation for one-dimensional compressible flow in
differential form.
07
Define: (i)Cavitation (ii) priming (iii) Vena contracta (iv) Zero head flowrate
(v) NPSH (vi) Suction head (vii) Fully developed flow
07
07
07
OR
(b)
Q.5
(a)
07
(b)
Q.5
(a)
(b)
A 15kW pump with efficiency 80% is discharging oil of specific gravity 0.85 to
a overhead tank from a storage tank. The surface oil in the storage tank from the
datum line is 5m and that in overhead tank fro datum line is 25m. Both the
tanks are open to the atmosphere. If the losses in the piping system are 1.75m of
flowing fluid, calculate the volumetric flow rate of the oil.
OR
Explain different kinds of valves with neat labelled diagram.
A venturimeter is to be fitted in a pipe of 250mm diameter where pressure head
is 7.6m of flowing fluid and the maximum flow is 8.1m3 per minute. Determine
the least diameter of the throat to ensure that the pressure head does not become
negative. Take coefficient of venturimeter as 0.96.
07
07
07
*************
Seat No.: _________
Enrolment No._______________

BE SEM-III Examination-Dec.-2011
Time: 2.30 pm -5.00 pm
Date: 24/12/2011
Total marks: 70
Instructions:
4. Draw neat figures wherever necessary.

Q.1
(a) Explain the difference between Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids 07

with suitable figure and examples.
(b) Derive the Bernoullis equation without friction.
07
Q.2
(a) Discuss Reynolds number with reference to Reynolds experiment and its 07
significance.
(b) A vertical continuous decanter is to separate 10 m3/h of a liquid 07
petroleum fraction from an equal volume of wash acid. The density of
the petroleum fraction is 865 kg/m3, that of the acid is 1155 kg/m3. The
required settling time is 20 min. Compute the size of the vessel and the
height of the acid overflow above the floor of the vessel.
OR
(b) Explain the working of a centrifugal decanter and derive the expression 07
of the position of liquid-liquid interface.
Q.3
(a) Discuss Hagen-Pousellis equation and its significance
07
(b) A venturimeter of throat diameter 30 cm is placed in a pipeline of 60 cm 07

diameter through which dry chlorine gas is flowing. The reading of the
venturimeter connected to the U tube manometer is 1.5 cm of Hg. The
density of mercury to be 13.6 gm/cc and that of chlorine gas at the
conditions involved as 0.009 gm/cc. The coefficient of discharge of
venturimeter is 0.98. Calculate the mass flow rate of chlorine gas.
Q.3
OR
(a) With the help of a neat sketch explain the principle and working of a 07
rotameter
(b) An oil of density 1650 kg/m3 and viscosity 5.2 cp is pumped from a 07
storage tank at ground floor to the top of a column at a height of 20m at
the rate 1500 kg/min through a pipe of inside diameter 5cm. The total
pipeline is 50m. The pressure at the discharge is 2 bar. Calculate the
pumping power required in HP if the pump efficiency is 60%.
For friction factor use, f = 0.0014 + 0.125NRe0.32.
Q.4
(a) Define: i) hydraulic radius, ii) friction factor

08
iii) Drag coefficient iv) Mach number
(b) Write a short note on the application of fluidization in chemical industry. 06
OR
Q.4
(a) Discuss the principle and working of a centrifugal pump.
07
07
(b) Discuss fluidization principles along with types and application

Q.5
(a) Explain cavitation and NPSH.
07
07
Q.5
(b) Write a note on different types of valves.

OR
(a) Differentiate between pipe and tube
(b) Explain any one method of dimensional analysis.
07
07
*************
Seat No.: _____
Enrolment No.______

B.E. Sem-III Remedial Examination May 2011
Date: 25-05-2011
Total Marks: 70
Time: 10.30 am 01.00 pm
Instructions:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Attempt all questions.

Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
Figures to the right indicate full marks.
Draw neat sketches/figures wherever required
Q.1 (a) Define/explain: the following

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
07
Potential flow
Laminar flow
Turbulent flow
NPSH
Transition Length
Continuity equation
Drag coefficient
(b) Explain hydrostatic equilibrium for stationary fluid and derive barometric equation 07
Q.2 (a) A U-tube manometer is used to measure pressure drop across an orifice meter. 07
Manometric fluid is mercury ( = 13,590kg/m3) and fluid flowing through the
orifice and filling the manometer leads is brine ( = 1260kg/m3) under operating
conditions, the gauge pressure at the upstream tap is 0.1 bar and pressure at down
stream tap is 250 mm Hg below atmospheric. Calculate the manometer reading? If
an inclined manometer is installed with one leg making an angle of 300 is used
what will be the new manometer reading?
(b) Explain continuous gravity decanter
07
OR
(b) Two liquids namely Chlorobenzene (specific gravity. = 1.109) and an aqueous
wash liquid (specific gravity = 1.020) are to be separated in a tubular centrifuge
with ID 150mm, rotating at 8000 rpm. The free liquid surface inside the bowl is
50mm from the axis of rotation. If the centrifuge bowl is to contain equal volumes
of the two liquids, find out radial distance between axis and top of the overflow
dam for the heavy liquid.
Q.3 (a) Explain flow in boundary layers?
(b) Explain dimensional analysis with a suitable example
OR
Q.3 (a) Differentiate between Newtonian and non Newtonian fluids with diagrams and
examples?
(b) State the Bernoullis theorem equation? What and why are the correction factors
applied to it?
Q.4 (a) Give types of reciprocating pumps and explain any one of them?
07
07
07
07
07
07
(b) Write a note on characteristic curves, cavitation and priming in centrifugal pumps? 07
OR
Q.4 (a) What is hydraulically smooth tube? Explain the importance of roughness
parameter?
(b) Give differences between pipes and tubes? What steps are taken for prevention of
leakage around moving parts?
Q.5 (a) Derive Hagen-Poiseuille equation clearly mentioning the assumptions?
(b) Define minimum velocity of fluidization and what are the conditions for
fluidization?
OR
07
07
07
07
Q.5 (a) Water is flowing through a 100 mm pipe. Orifice meter with 40 mm aperture is 07
used to measure the flow of water. If the maximum recorded pressure drop is 1 m
on mercury under water manometer and the coefficient of discharge is 0.6. Find
out the maximum flow rate expected in m3/hr and the Reynolds number in the
pipe, if viscosity of water is 1.0cP and specific gravity of mercury is 13.6?
(b) Discuss construction and working of a venturi meter and derive equation for
volumetric flow rate for the same
07
************
Seat No.: _____
Enrolment No.______

B.E. Sem-III Regular / Remedial Examination December 2010
Date: 14 /12 /2010
Time: 10.30 am 01.00 pm
Instructions:
Total Marks: 70

Q.1
(a) Answer the following questions in brief:
(b)
Q.2
(a)
(b)
(c)
09
(i) Distinguish between compressible and incompressible fluid

(ii) State the physical significance of Reynolds number.
(ii) Mention name and working principle of instrument used for measurement of
dynamic pressure.
(iv) Define viscosity and momentum flux.
(v) State the assumptions necessary to derive the Bernoullis theorem
(vi) Calculate hydraulic radius and equivalent diameter for a duct of square cross
section of side b.
(vii) Write down the force balance equation when a particle attains its terminal
settling velocity.
(viii) Enlist various types of variable area meter and head meter used for flow
measurement.
(ix) Define NPSH for a centrifugal pump.
Explain the concept of hydrostatic equilibrium and derive an expression used for the
measurement of pressure distribution in deep gas container.
What is meant by time dependent and time independent fluid? Classify the same with
suitable examples.
What pressure drop per unit length is required in order to pump water at 25 0C through
a pipe of 5-cm diameter at rate of 68 cm3 / sec? Viscosity of water at 25 0C is 1 cP.
Write the importance of kinetic energy correction factor. Calculate the kinetic energy
correction factor for the following velocity distribution in circular pipe of radius r0.
m
u
r
= 1
u m r0
05
04
03
07
OR
(c)
Q.3
(a)
(b)
(c)
Provide general definitions of volumetric flow rate and mass flow rate through a
surface. Show that the mean velocity for laminar fully developed flow in a pipe of
circular cross section is equal to half the velocity at the centerline. The velocity profile
is parabolic.
Derive the Hagen-Poiseuille equation for the volumetric flow rate in a straight circular
pipe (fully developed laminar flow).
A horizontal pipe of diameter D1 has sudden expansion to a diameter D2. At what ratio
of diameters D1 / D2 would the differential pressure on either side of the expansion be
maximum? What is the corresponding loss of head and differential pressure head?
Starting from the total energy balance equation for a flow of compressible fluid, show
07
05
05
04
that the maximum velocity u max = p w v w for isothermal condition, where pw and
vw show pressure and specific volume at down stream condition.
Q.3
OR
(a) Brine is to be pumped through a 35-m smooth copper tube having inside diameter of 05
2.5-cm. The flow rate is 94.7 10 3 m3 /min. Calculate the head loss due to friction
and pressure drop from friction.
Data given: Specific gravity of brine = 1.18, Viscosity of brine = 2.5 cP and
f = 0.0014 +
0.125
Re0.32
1
(b) Derive an expression of head loss due to sudden expansion of flow area for steady 05
flow of incompressible fluid.
(c) Use conservation laws of mass and momentum to derive an expression for the velocity 04
Q.4
(a)
(b)
(c)
Q.4
(a)
(b)
Q.5
(a)
(b)
(c)
C of an infinite pressure wave, which propagates in an otherwise, still fluid. The

thickness of the wave- front can be assumed to be infinitely small so that onedimensional approximations are applicable.
Explain / define the following:
(i) Gate valve (ii) Globe valve (iii) Check valve (iv) BWG (v) Schedule number
What size of orifice would give a pressure difference of 41-cm water column for the
flow of styrene of specific gravity of 0.9 at 0.055 m3/sec in a 250-mm diameter pipe?
Take Cd = 0.62
What is meant by cavitation and priming? Explain the different characteristic curve of
the centrifugal pump with neat sketches.
OR
o
Benzene at 37 C is pumped at the rate of 9.09 m3/hr from the reservoir. The reservoir
is at atmospheric pressure. The gauge pressure at the end of the discharge line is 345
kN/m2. The discharge is 3.048-m, and the pump suction is 1.22-m above the level in
reservoir. The velocity through discharge line is 1.9232 m/sec. The friction in the
suction line is known to be 3.45 kN/m2, and that in the discharge line 37.9 kN/m2. The
mechanical efficiency of the pump is 0.6. The density of benzene is 865 kg/m3, and its
vapor pressure at 37 0C is 26.2 kN/m2. Calculate (a) the developed head of the pump
and (b) the total power input.
Starting with the Bernoulli and Continuity equations, show that the following
expression gives the discharge measured by a venturimeter.
2g (P1 P2 )
+ (Z1 Z 2 )
g
Q = C d A1 A 2
A12 A 2 2
Write a short note on devices used for prevention of leakages around the moving parts
of machinery
Liquid in a tank is drained through a pipe at tank bottom. The time t is taken to drain
the liquid is to be determined. We hypothesize that the time depends on the liquid
height h in a tank above the exit pipe, the liquid velocity V in the exit pipe, the exit
pipe diameter D and the liquid properties density and viscosity, , and respectively.
Use the Rayleigh method to obtain an expression for the time in terms of the pertinent
variables.
Water trickles by gravity over a bed of particles, each 1-mm diameter in a bed of
diameter 6-cm and height 2-m. The water is fed from a reservoir whose diameter is
much larger than that of the packed bed, with water maintained at a height of 0.1-m
above the top of the bed. The bed has a porosity of 0.31. Calculate the volumetric flow
rate of water if its viscosity is 1- cP.
Explain why the velocity measured by the Pitot-static tube is higher than that measured
by the venturimeter.
05
04
05
05
05
04
06
06
02
OR
Q.5
Answer as directed.
(a) The power required by an agitator in a tank is a function of the diameter of the 06
agitator, number of rotations of the impeller per unit time, viscosity and density of
liquid. From dimensional analysis using Buckingham's method, obtain a relation
between power and the four variables.
(b) With neat sketch explain the distinct modes of fluidization, which depends on the 05
relative density of the solids.
3
(c) A U-tube manometer containing mercury of density 13600 kg/m is used to measure 03
the pressure drop along a horizontal pipe. If the fluid in the pipe has a specific gravity
of 0.8 and the manometer reading is 0.6m, what is the pressure difference measured by
the manometer?
*************
Seat No.: _____
Enrolment No.______

B.E. Sem-III(Chemical)Examination December 2009
Subject #ame: Fluid Flow Operation
Date: 19 / 12 /2009
Time: 11.00 am 1.30 pm

Total Marks: 70
Instructions:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Q.1
Q.2
Attempt all questions.

Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
Figures to the right indicate full marks.
Draw neat sketches/figures wherever required
(a) Answer the following
07
1. Convert 1 Pa to psi
2. Convert 1Pa-s to cP
3. The viscosity of the liquid increases with the temperature (True / false)
4. Give full form of NPSH, NPSHA
5. For fully developed flow the kinetic energy correction factor is _____.
6. 1 cusec = 1ft3/sec. (True / false)
7. Which pump can be used for handling slurries?
(b) Explain any one method of dimensional analysis giving an example
07
(a) The temperature of earths atmosphere drops about 5C every 1000 m of 07

elevation above the earths surface. If the air temperature at ground level is 15C
and the pressure is 760 mmHg, At what elevation is the pressure is 570 mmHg?
Assume that the air behaves as an ideal gas.
(b) For the following situations of steady flow, determine whether the flow is 07
laminar or turbulent:
(i) Water having viscosity of 1.310 cP flowing at an average velocity of 2m/s in
a 100-mm pipe
(ii) Polymer melt with a density of 900 kg/m3 and viscosity of 1Pa-s flowing at
0.2 m/s in a 20 mm tube
OR
Q.3
(b) Derive Hagen-Poiseuille equation.
07
(a) What is hydraulically smooth tube? Discuss effect of roughness on friction
07
factor.
3
(b) A pump draws a solution of density 1800 kg/m is flowing from point A to point 07
B The velocity in the suction pipe of 75 mm diameter is 0.9 m/sec. The pump
discharges through a discharge pipe of 50 mm diameter to an overhead tank
(point B) which is 15 m above point A. The frictional losses in the entire piping
system are 30 J/kg .If point A and B are at atmospheric pressure, what pressure
must the pump develop? (Assume pump efficiency = 60% )
OR
Q.3
(a) Write in detail about drag and drag coefficient.

(b) Discuss construction and working of an orifice meter and derive equation for
volumetric flow rate for the same.
07
07
Q.4
Q.4
Q.5
(a) Write in brief about Gate valves and Globe valves

(b) Discuss Suction lift , Cavitation and Priming in centrifugal pumps
07
07
OR
(a) Discuss the construction and working of a rotameter.
(b) Explain the principle and working of coriolis meters
07
07
(a) Explain Skin friction and form friction

(b) Write a brief note on types of fluidization and its application in chemical
07
07
industry
Q.5
OR
(a) Define Hydraulic radius derive the expression for equivalent diameter for a
07
square duct of dimension a unit.

(b) Write a brief note on Fans, blowers and compressors used in chemical industry.
07
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Seat No.

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

(a) Define drag coefficient. Show relationship between Drag

(a) What are the forces acting on a body falling freely in a

Seat No.: ________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Discuss the concept of hydrostatic equilibrium and derive mathematical

Derive Hagen-Poiseuille equation

Discuss in detail about gate valve and globe valve.

What is cavitation? Derive equation for NPSH.

Explain any one method of dimensional analysis.

Seat No.: ________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Discuss with clear diagram construction and working of continuous gravity

Discuss construction and working of single stage centrifugal pump.

Discuss with illustration application of Dimensional analysis.

Seat No.: ________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Seat No.: ________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

(a) Answer the following questions.

(b) Answer the following questions.

(a) Write a short note on centrifugal decanter.

(b) Describe rheological characteristics of fluid.

(a) Derive Hagen-Poiseuille equation.

Data Given: 1.4 , M air 28.84

(b) Explain any one method of dimensional analysis.

(a) Write a short note on pipe and tubing.

(b) Derive Ergun equation.

(a) Define cavitation. How to prevent cavitation?

(b) Write a short note on types of fluidization.

(b) Explain the characteristic curves for centrifugal pump.

Seat No.: ________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Subject Code: 130502

Answer the following:

Explain hydrostatic equilibrium for stationary fluid and derive barometric

Density of water:100 kg/m3 and viscosity of water:0.0008 Pa.s

The velocity profile for laminar flow in a circular pipe is given by

What is average velocity?

Show that the velocity gradient varies linearly with radius.

Discuss different types of valves.

Data: density:996 kg/m3 and viscosity of water = 0.8mPa.s

Discuss bubbling fluidization.

Differentiate gate valves and globe valves.

Write down the velocity equation for the orifice meter.

What is draft tubes?

Write down barometric equation and its significance.

Draw a diagram for development of turbulent boundary layer on a

Seat No.: ________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Subject Code: 130502

(a) Write a short note on prevention of leakage around moving parts.

What is meant by cavitation and priming? Explain the different characteristic

Seat No.: ________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Subject Code: 2130502

Write a note on Gate valves and Globe Valves

Seat No.: ________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Subject Code: 130502

Explain any one method of dimensional analysis with suitable example.

Seat No.: ________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY