PHYSICS, MATHEMATICS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY TASKS

concerning using Lego robots

in building industry and environment protection

PHYSICS
Task 1
Fill in:
1. ____________ of movement we call lines which describes a body performing the
movement.
2. We call a rectilinear motion which ____________ is______________ line.
3. A motion which trajectory is a curve track is called ________________.
4. The length of the trajectory between two points is called _____________ travelled
by the object.
5. Examples of the distance is measured by __________ and __________________.
Solution:
1. ___Trajectory_________ of movement we call lines which describes a body
performing the movement.
2. We call a rectilinear motion which _____trajectory_____ is _____straight________
line.
3. A motion which trajectory is a curve track is called _______curvilinear_________.
4. The length of the trajectory between two points is called the_____distance_____
travelled by the object.
5. Examples of the distance is measured by ___meter____ and ____kilometer_____.

Task 2
The figure below shows the Wanderer's way from home to school.
A
B

SZKOA
,,,,,,,,,,E
C
EE
D

1. Mark the vector on the figure showing the movement of the Wanderer from home
to school.
2. The beginning of displacement vector is at the point ___________.
3. The end of displacement vector is at the point ___________.
4. Calculate the approximate length of the vector displacement. Assume that 1 cm is
100 m.
5. Calculate the distance travelled by the Wanderer from home to school. Assume
that 1 cm equals 100 m.
6. Calculate the difference between the way Wanderer travels from home to school
and the length of the displacement vector.
7. Describe the displacement vector features.
Solution:
1. Mark the vector on the firgure showing the movement of the Pilgrim from home to
school.
2. The beginning of displacement vector is at the point ____A_______.
3. The end of displacement vector is at the point ______E_____.
4. Calculate the approximate length of the vector displacement. Assume that 1 cm is
100 m.
800m.

5. Calculate the distance travelled by the Pilgrim from home to school. Assume that 1
cm equals 100 m.
0.7 + 2.4 + 4.1 + 4.1 + 0.3 = 11,6cm
11.6 * 100 = 1160m
6. Calculate the difference between the way Pilgrim travels from home to school and
the length of the displacement vector.
1160m-800m = 360m
7. Describe the displacement vector features.
Direction: southeast, length 8cm, turn: southeast, point of application: point A.
Task 3
Name trajectories of the Wanderer's movement along a geometrically defined route
(square, triangle),following the dark line and along the wall.
Solution:
Rectilinear and curvilinear trajectories.
Task 4
The Wanderer moves uniformly straight and pulls a colorful block. Name all the
forces the robot must struggle with. What can you say about the values of these
forces? Plot these forces on the graph.

Solution:

Fg - force of gravity of the robot,

Fn - lift,
Fc thrust of the engines,
Fo drag
These forces are balanced.
Task 5
Build a running track measuring 2,60 meters for the Pilgrim. Using the circumference
formula calculate the radius of the wheel which will be used to draw a circle.
Solution:
We use the circumference formula 2 r.
260cm=2*3,14*r
260=6,28*r
r=260/6,28
r=41,4cm
Answer: The radius is 41,4cm.

1. Measure the time it took the Pilgrim to travel one lap, and calculate the robot's
velocity and impetus.
Solution:
Use the formulae for velocity and impetus:
V=s/t
p=m*v
2. Fill in the table using the data of relationship between the impetus of the
Pilgrim and duration.
p(mkg/s)

0,4
0,2
t(s)
1

t(s)
0
1
2
5
8
12

p(mkg/s)

t(s)
0
1
2
5
8
12

p(mkg/s)
0
0,4
0,6
0,6
0,6
1,4

V(m/s)

Solution:
V(m/s)
0
0,4/m
0,6/m
0,6/m
0,6/m
1,4/m

m is a mass of the robot.

3. A voice travels 340 m/s. How long will it take you to hear your friend who is
calling you from the end of the room (the room is 7 meters long)?
Solution:
Data:
V=340m/s

Searched:
t= ?

s=7m
V=s/t
t=s/v
t=7/340=0,2s
Answer: It will take you 0,2s. to hear the voice of your friend from the end of
the room.

Task 6
Build an obstacle course for the Pilgrim. Program it so it travels the course as fast as
it can. Measure the distance and time, then calculate the robot's velocity and
impetus.
Solution:
Use the formulae for velocity and impetus:
V=s/t
p=m*v

Task 7
Having in mind that the Pilgrim moves with constant speed of 0,3 m/s, fill in the gaps:
t(s)

s(m)

10

15
9

12

Using the data from the table plot the graph of relationship between the distance and
time.
Solution:

t(s)

10

30

40

15

s(m)

1,5

12

50

Task 8
Three teams have to perform a clean-up work. The first team would accomplish this
task within 12 days, a second team within 15 days, and the third team in 8 days.
What time would all the teams need to accomplish this task if we assume that they
will work together?

Solution:
x- number of days needed for all three teams to carry the task
The efficiency of the first team 1/12 x
The efficiency of the second team 1/15 x
The efficiency of the third team 1/8 x
The equation will be as follows:
1/12 x+1/15 x+1/8 x = 1
10/120 x+8/120 x+15/120 x = 1
33/120 x = 1
x = 1/

33
120
=1 *
120
33

x=3

7
11

Answer : 3

7
days.
11

Task 9
Calculate an average velocity of the Pilgrim clearing up the plot.
Solution:
Data:
s a distance travelled by the Pilgrim during the clean-up
t time needed by the Pilgrim to do the clean-up
To find:
V avg. =?
Solution:
V avg. = s:t
To get the average velocity divide distance by.

Task 10
Calculate the average velocity of the Pilgrim cleaning up the mock-up.

Solution:
Data:
s a distance the Pilgrim travelled
t time
To find:
V avg =?
Solution:
V avg = s:t
Divide the distance by time to get the average velocity.

Task 11
Explain why different objects have different colors?
Solution:
The white light is a mixture of lights of different colors. An object is seen as white if it
reflects all of the components of white light, and the object is seen as red when it
reflects the red light and absorbs other colors.
Task 12
Use the Pilgrim and a prism to refract the white light into other several colors. List
colors you see passing continuously one into the other in the spectrum of white light.
Which color of light is dispersed quicker and which is the slowest?
Solution:
White light is a mixture of these colors: red, orange, yellow, green, blue and violet.
The red light is dispersed quickly, whereas the violet light is dispersed slowly.
Task 13
Observe the colored blocks through a red light filter. What have you noticed?
Solution:
Only red light is dispersed by a light filter and all the other colors are absorbed. The
colored blocks which are of different color than red will be seen as black when we
look at them through the red light filter.

Task 14
Perform needed calculations and fill in the gaps in the table.
No.

Force F(N)

Distance s
(m)

20

400

90

150

240

Work W(J)

Time (s)
50

2700
10500

60
120
60

15

Power P(W)

7500

20
50

Solution:
Use these formulae:
W= F*s;
P=

W
t

No.

Force F(N)

Distance s
(m)

Work W(J)

Time (s)

Power P(W)

20

400

8000

50

160

30

90

2700

45

60

150

70

10500

120

87,5

240

1200

60

20

500

15

7500

150

50

Task 15
Using a kitchen scale calculate the influence of gravity force over the Strongman.
Assume the gravitational acceleration is 10 m / s2.
Solution:
Data:
g=10m/s2
the Strongmans mass given in kilograms
To find:
Fc=?
Use given formula
Fc= m*g and the result is given in Newtons.

Task 16
What kind of work will the Strongman perform by lifting the can of GREEN-UP drink?
Measure the quantities needed with proper instruments.
Solution:
Data:
m=0,276kg
h=14 cm=0,14m
g=10m/s2
To find:
W=?
W=Ep=m*g*h
W= 0,276*0,14*10(kg*m*m/s2)=0,3864J
Answer: Work equals 0,3864 J.
Task 17
The Strongman moved the can of GREEN-UP drink for 50 cm moving on the flat
table. Calculate work the Strongman did.
Solution:
Work equals 0J because the force of the direction perpendicular to the direction of
movement of the body does not perform any work.
Task 18
The Strongmans engine Power is 0,4 W. It marched for 5 minutes. What work was
performed by the Strongmans engine?
Solution:
Data:
P=0,4W, t=5min=300s
To find:
W=?

W=P*t=0,4*300(W*S)=120J
Answer: Work equals 120J.
Task 19
The Strongman dropped the can of GREEN-UP drink from the edge of the table.
What velocity will the can have when it is near the ground? Measure the height of the
table with a measuring tape.
Solution:
Data:
h=0,75m; g=10m/s2
To find:
V=?
According with rule of conservation of energy there is an equality Ep=Ek, so
m*g*h=1/2*m*v2
when simplified:
V2=2*g*h
V=

2 gh = 2 *10 * 0,75 =3,872983346m/s

Answer: The cans velocity is circa 3,9 m/s.

Task 20
Calculate the kinetic energy of the Strongman travelling a distance of 100 cm. Use
proper instruments to measure specified quantities.
Solution:
Data:
s=100cm= 1m
m=1,25kg
t=4,2s
To find:

Ek=?
V=1:4,2(m/s)=0,238m/s
Ek=1/2*m*v2=1/2*1,25*0,2382(kg*m/s)=0,0354J.
Answer: Kinetic energy of the Strongman equals 0,0354J.

Task 21
Using a kitchen scale calculate the influence of gravity force over Amoeba. Assume
the gravitational acceleration is 10 m / s2.
Solution:
Data:
g = 10m / s2
Amoebas weight in kilograms
To find:
Fc =?
Use the formula:
Fc = m * g, and the result is given in Newtons.
Task 22
Calculate the pressure Ameoba exerts on the ground. Estimate the area of the
Amoebas parts that touch the ground with the use of graph paper.
Solution:
Data:
m= 1,35kg , g=10m/s2
s- the area of the Amoeba parts that touch the Grodnu is Niven in square meters
To find:
p=?
F=1,35kg*10m/s2= 13,5 N

Use the formula:

p= F : s and result is given in Pascals.

Task 23
What work will be performed by Amoeba when it will be moving for 2 minutes?
Amoeba engines power is 0,4W.
Solution:
Data:
P=0,4W, t=2min=120s
To find:
W=?
W=P*t=0,4*120(W*S)=48J
Answer: Work is 48J.

Task 24
What is the result of collision of Amoeba with an obstacle? What kind of influence is
it?
Solution:
Mutual influence of the bodies is direct, but the results of the influences will be:
Static a body deformation,
Dynamic change in bodys velocity.
Task 25
Draw vectors of forces balancing the forces influencing Amoeba. Name those forces
and state their sources.

Solution:

Fc

Fg a robots gravity force,

Fn the lift force,
Fc the thrust force of the engines,
Fo drag
These forces are in balance.

MATHEMATICS

Task 1
Draw a square, an equilateral triangle and hexagon with a side of 65 cm. Calculate
the area and circumference of these figures.
Solution:
a=65cm

Use these formulae:

Triangle:
P=a2

3 /4

Circumference=3a
P=65*65 3 /4=4225 3 /4=1056,25 3 cm2
Circumference=3*65=195cm.
Square:
P=a2
Circumference =4a
P=65*65=4225cm2
Circumference =4*65=260cm.
Hexagon:
P=6a2

3 /4

Circumference =6a
P=6* 65*65 3 /4=6*1056,25 3 = 6337,5 3 cm2
Circumference = 6*65=390cm.

The area of the square equals 4225cm2, triangle = 1056,25 3 cm2, and hexagon's
area is 6337,5 3 cm2 . The circumference of square equals 260cm, triangle =
195cm, and hexagon's circumference is 390cm.

Task 2
The graph shows the relationship between the velocity and time of the Pilgrim during
12 minutes of its working.

V(cm/min) 300

50
1

t(min)

1. The Pilgrim moved with a speed of ____________________ for 2 minutes.

2. With a ration of 200 cm / min the Pilgrim moved between ______ min to
_______min.
3. During the whole operating time the Pilgrim stopped ___________ time(s).
4. The total operating time was _________min.
5. The distance the Pilgrim travelled with the speed of 100 cm / min
is _________cm.
6. The distance traveled by the Pilgrim during 12 minutes is ______________.
7. The Pilgrim, moving with the speed of 300 cm / min, travelled ______ times
greater distance than when it was moving with a speed of 150 cm / min.
8. The average velocity of the Pilgrim during the whole operating time is _____ cm /
min.
Do necessary calculations.

Solution:
1. The Pilgrim moved with a speed of ______300 cm/min_________ for 2 minutes.
2. With a ration of 200 cm / min the Pilgrim moved between______2min_________ to
_______4min______.
3. During the whole operating time the Pilgrim stopped _____1______ time(s).
4. The total operating time was _____1min____________.
5. The distance the Pilgrim travelled with the speed of 100 cm / min
is ______200cm_________.
6. The distance traveled by the Pilgrim during 12 minutes is ______________.
600cm + 400cm + 200cm + 500cm + 300cm = 2000cm
7. The Pilgrim, moving with the speed of 300 cm / min, travelled ___2___ times
greater____ distance than when it was moving with a speed of 150 cm / min.
8. The average velocity of the Pilgrim during the whole operating time is ___ 167cm /
min _____.
2000cm / 12min = 166, (6) cm / min.

Task 3
Use a running track measuring 2,60 meters to count:
1. How many laps will a sprinter run for:
a) 100m,
Solution:
100/2,6=38,46
Answer: He must run 38,5 laps.
b) 200m,
Solution:
200/2,6=76,92
Answer: He must run 77 laps.
c) 400m,
Solution:
400/2,6=153,85
Answer: He must run 153 laps.

d) 800m,
Solution:
800/2,6=307,69
Answer: He must run 308 laps.
e) 5 km,
Solution:
5000/2,6=1923,08
Answer: He must run 1923,08 laps.
f) 10km
Solution:
10 000/2,6=3846,15
Answer: He must run 3846,15 laps.

2. Calculate the area of a given athletics stadium and an area of a given running
track.
Solution:
Use the formula for area of circle r2.
P =3,14*41,4*41,4=5381,8344cm2 (stadium)
The width of the running track 20,5cm.
41,4 20,5=20,9cm
P (inner circle) = 3,14*20,9*20,9=1371,5834 cm2
P (outer circle)=5381,8344cm2 - 1371,5834 cm2 = 4010,251 cm2.
Answer: The area of the stadium and the running track is 5381,8344cm2
and 4010,251 cm2 respectively.
3. Calculate the circumference of the stadium.
Solution:
Measure the radius of the stadium and calculate the circumference with the
2 r formula.
4. What percentage of the whole stadium is a running track?
Solution:
4010,251 cm2 / 5381,8344cm2 =0,745
0,745*100%= 74,5%
Answer: 74,5%
5. How many acres is the athletics stadium area?

Solution:
The area of a stadium =5381,8344cm2= 0,53818344m2= 0,0053818344 acres.
Answer: 0,0053818344 acres
6. How many minutes did it take the Pilgrim to run 6.5 kilometers on the 2.60
meter long stadium if it travelled one lap in 12 seconds?
Solution:
6500m/2,6m= 2500 laps
2500*12min=30000s=500min=8,5 h
Answer: About 8,5 h
Task 4
Change hours to minutes. Find the answers in the box and fill the gaps in the table
with the corresponding letters. Read password.

Hours

45 min O

50 min I

75 min D

25 min

20 min U

33 min E

10 min H

30 min R

66 min W

40 min C

15 min T

6 min

1/2
h

1/3
h

2/3
h

1/6
h

0,25 0,75
h
h

0,1
h

1,25
h

0,5
h

3/4
h

1,1
h

5/6
h

0,55
h

Hours

Solution:
1/2 1/3 2/3
h
h
h

1/6
h

0,25 0,75
h
h

0,1
h

1,25
h

0,5
h

3/4
h

1,1
h

5/6
h

0,55
h

Minutes

30

20

40

10

15

45

75

30

45

66

50

33

Minutes
Letter

Letter

Task 5
Build a plot with the completed house within its boundaries basing on the given
architectural plan. Do the necessary calculations related to the scale of the map.

Solution:
Calculate the actual dimensions of the plot, outbuildings and skips:
Plot:
Width: 20cm*10=200cm
Length:10cm*10=100 cm
House:
Width : 6cm * 10= 60 cm
Lenght: 3,6 cm * 10=36 cm
Outbuildings:
1. Width : 1cm * 10= 10 cm
Length: 0,4 cm * 10=4 cm

2. Width : 0,9cm * 10= 9 cm

Length: 0,6 cm * 10=6 cm
Skip:
Width : 0,5cm * 10= 5 cm
Lenght 0,4 cm * 10 = 4 cm
Build the construction site.
Task 6
Calculate the area of the built plot and other buildings on this plot. What part of the
area of the whole plot is an area occupied by buildings on this plot?
Solution:
Use the formula of the area of the rectangle.
P= a*b
The area of the plot:
200cm*100cm=20 000cm2
The area of the outbuildings:
60cm*36 cm=2160 cm2
10cm*4cm=40cm2
9cm*6cm=54cm2
The area of the skip:
5cm*4cm=20cm2
6*20=120cm2
What part of the area of the whole plot is an area occupied by the outbuildings?
2160+40+54=2254
2254/20 000=0,1127.

Task 7
Calculate the cubature of the house on a plot and the outbuildings. The house is 50
cm high. How many cm3 are there per a single person, if there are three people living
there?
Solution:
The houses cubature:
2160*50=108 000cm3
The cubature of the outbuildings:

40*50=200cm3
54*50=2700cm3
108 000:3=36 000 cm3.
Answer: There are 36000 cm3 of the building per each person.

Task 8
How many centimeters of the fence is needed to acquire in order to enclose the
entire plot? The main gate is 4cm wide, and two wickets are 1 cm wide each.
Solution:
4cm+2*1cm= 4cm+2cm=6cm
Calculate the area of the plot:
2*200cm+2*100cm=600cm
600cm-6cm=594cm.
Answer: In order to enclose the entire plot 594 cm of the fence are needed.

Task 9
Delineate a line of the sidewalk and the main entrance to the plot on the mock-up
which are meant to be tiled with square tiles of 1.5 cm each. How many tiles should
you use?
Solution:
The sidewalk and the entrance are 6cm wide, and 4 cm long.
The area of the sidewalk and the entrance is:
6cm*4cm=24cm2
The tiles area is:
1,5cm*1,5cm=2,25cm2
How many tiles are necessary to be used:
24:2,25=10,(6).
Answer: 11 tiles will be used.

Task 10
How many apple trees can be planted on part of the plot with dimensions of 25cm x
12cm, if one fully-grown apple tree should cover an area of 25cm2 to fruit?

Solution:
Calculate the area of the part of the plot on which the fruit trees will be planted:
25cm*12cm=300cm2
How many trees can be planted?
300:25=12
Answer: 12 trees can be planted.

Task 11
1 liter of paint is enough to paint 8m2 of a flat surface. How many liters of paint will be
used to paint a cubic container of 8m3 volume? The container will be painted inside
and outside.
Solution:
Calculate the edge of the container:
a3 = 8
a=

a=2m
The area of the container:
P = 6a2
P=6*22=6*4=24m2
24*2=48m2
How many litres of paint are needed?
48:8=6
Answer: 6 litres of paint is needed to paint the container.

Task 12
There is the same amount of air in the given room like in the cube which edge is 4 m
long. Is it possible for 7 people to stay in that room if it is known that one person
needs 6m3 of air to breathe?

Solution:
Calculate the volume of the room:
V= 43=64m3
The number of people who can stay inside the room:
64:6=10,(6)
Answer: There can be 7 people in the room.

Task 13
Brimful skips and garbage containers pose increasing problems with their disposal.
Each of us produces approximately 300 kg of garbage per year. How many 8 ton
cars do we have to use to dispose of annual collection of garbage from our town?
Solution:
Number of citizens living in Zawiercie: 51 860
300 * 51860= 15558000kg the number of kilograms of garbage collected in town
15558000:8=1944750
Answer: We need 1944750 cars to remove the garbage from the town.
Task 14
Composting the wastes produced in a single household reduces the overall amount
of rubbish. Approximately 1/4 of waste generated in the household and the garden is
compostable. How many kg of waste is composted in the household with a family of
five? What percentage of all wastes from Zawiercie constitute the garbage of this
family? Present the result as exponential notation.

Solution:
The amount of garbage collected in the household of five
300*5=1500kg
1500:4=375kg- the amount of wastes able to be composted
1500-375=1125kg
Calculate what percentage of all wastes from Zawiercie constitute the garbage of the
given family.
(1125: 15558000)*100%=0,007231%=7,231*10-3 %.

Task 15
In a town, solid waste removal costs 10 zloty per person in case of segregated
wastes, otherwise the amount for removal is 15 zloty per person. There has been a
15% increase of charge for that service in June. How much money will a family of five
pay for removal of waste in both cases? How much money will they save if they
segregate wastes?

Solution:
The bill for segregating wastes will amount:
0,15*10=1,5
1,5*5=7,5
10*5=50
50+7,5=57,50z
The bill for non-segregated wastes
0,15*15=2,25
2,25*5=11,25
15*5=75
75+11,25=86,25z
86,25-57,50=28,75z
Answer: The family will save 28,75 zloty per month.

Task 16
A garbage bin volume is 2 litres. Calculate how many bins of that type full to the brim
are needed to fill in 75% the tank with a volume of 3m3.
Solution:
2l= 2dm3=0,002m3
0,75*3=2,25m3
2,25:0,002=1125
Answer: We need 1125 two-litre bins.

Task 17
In Poland, 530 000 tons of paper waste are used annually. A paper recovery rate is
35%. How many tons of paper are recovered in Poland?
Solution:
0,35*530 000=185500t
Answer: 185500 tons of paper are annually recovered in Poland.

Task 18
In Poland, 12% glass (42 500 tons) is annually recovered from the whole waste glass
amount. How many tons of waste glass are produced in Poland annually?
Solution:
42 500 : 12%= 42 500 : 0,12= 354166,7 t
Answer: 354166,7 tons of waste glass are produced in Poland annually.

Task 19
Three piles of garbage weight a total of 26kg. The ratio of their weight is 1: 5: 7. How
much weigh the heaviest?
Solution:
1+5+7=13- number of all piles
26:13=2- a part of one pile
7*2=14kg
Answer: The heaviest garbage pile weighs 14kg.

Task 20
The waste removal company hires 6 men more than women, and for every 4 women
there are 5 more men. How many employees does the company employ?
Solution:
x - number of women
x+6- number of men
Use an equation
4(x+6)=5x
4x+24=5x

5x-4x=24
x=24
24+24+6=54
Answer: The company hires 54 employees.

Task 21
The Pilgrim's task is to sow 1.5 hectare of land in the shape of a rectangle with an
ecologic type of grain. How long will it take it to sow this area? Using a mock-up of
1,5m x 2m make the appropriate measurements and answer the question.
Solution:
It takes the Pilgrim 180 seconds to sow the whole area with seed - those are the
measured results.
The mock-up's area is
1,5*2=3m2
1,5 ha=15000m2
15000m2: 3 m2=5000
240*5000=900000 seconds = 15000 minutes = 250 hours
Answer: The Pilgrim will sow the area in 250 hours.

Task 22
The Strongman consumes 248 kcal when marching for 60 minutes. How many cans
of GREEN-UP drink would it have to drink to travel a distance of 100 cm? Show the
relationship between joules and calories. Find the required data on the can.
Solution:
By reading the information from the can we know that 114kcal=477kJ.
114cal=477J
We derive the relationship between calories and Joules dividing by 114 and we get
1cal= 477:114J
1cal=4,184J.
We know that

60min - 248kcal
1min - 248:60kcal=4,13kcal
1 s - 0,0688(3)kcal
4,2 s- 0,2891 kcal
From the previous task we know that the Strongman travels 100 cm in 4,2 seconds
so it Leeds 0,2891 kcal to accomplish this task.
How much drink will the Strongman need to drink?
0,2891kcal:114kcal=0,0254.
Answer: The Strongan will drink 0,0254 of the cans volume.

Task 23
Build a slalom for Amoeba. State the starting and stopping point. Measure the time
Amoeba needs to finish the slalom, measure the courses length and measure its
velocity.
Solution:
Data:
s distance travelled by Amoeba,
t time Amoeba needs to travel the course [s]
To find:
V avg =?
Solution:
V avg = s:t
Divide distance by time to find out what the average velocity is.

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Task 1
Find Polish equivalents of words: algorithm, instruction, flowchart, list of steps, verbal
description, rectangle

Task 2
Write the algorithm in the form of a list of steps and a flowchart for the Pilgrim moving
forward in a straight line forward for 2 seconds.
Use the Word to do the task and save it on your desktop as "thePilgrim".doc

List of steps
1. Start the Pilgrim.
2. Immediately start the left and right engines for 2 seconds.
3. Stop the Pilgrim.

A flowchart

START
Move forward for 2 s.

STOP

Programming language LEGO

Start block

Move Steering block is responsible for moving forward the two engines. You must
select one of three modes:
Depending on the time (On for Seconds)
Depending on the number of degrees (On for Degrees)
Depending on the number of rotations (On for Rotations),
direction of the robot's movement, the power of the engines.

Task 3
Podaj przykady zastosowania Wdrowca z wykorzystaniem: Give the examples of
using the Pilgrim for:
a) linear algorithm - moving forward, backwards, moving from school to home
b) conditional algorithm - waste segregation
c) iteration:
a fixed number of iterations move along a square, triangle, hexagon
with When the instruction is repeated until the condition is met - cleaning the
building site,
When the condition is checked first, and only its performance allows
execution of instructions.

Task 4
Write the algorithm in the form of a list of steps showing the movement of the Pilgrim
along the sides of a square (a side being 65 cm).
Calculate the distance in meters for 1, 2,.... 10 laps using the spreadsheet. Name the
spreadsheet "distance".
Save the file on your desktop as "wedrowiec.xls"

lap
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

List of steps:
1. Start
2. Forward for 0,65m
3. Turn right
4. Forward for 0,65m
5. Turn right
6. Forward for 0,65m
7. Turn right
8. Forward for 0,65m
9. Turn right
10. Stop

side a
[cm]

side a
[m]

distance
travelled [m]

lap
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

side a
[cm]
65
65
65
65
65
65
65
65
65
65

side a
[m]
0,65
0,65
0,65
0,65
0,65
0,65
0,65
0,65
0,65
0,65

distance
travelled [m]
2,6
5,2
7,8
10,4
13
15,6
18,2
20,8
23,4
26

Task 5
Write the algorithm in the form of a list of steps for the way the Pilgrim must travel
from home to school according to the following figure (the scale being 1cm: 100m).
Calculate the way from home to school in meters including the condition that the
input data is different from zero. Name your spreadsheet "home".

List of steps:
1. Start
2. Forward for 70 m
3. Turn left
4. Forward for 240 m
5. Turn right
6. Forward for 410 m
7. Turn left
8. Forward for 410 m
9. Turn left
10. Forward for 30 m
11. Stop

Task 6
Draw a table using a spreadsheet. Use the data from the Physics lesson. Enter the
appropriate formula for calculating velocity checking the condition of "Do not divide
by 0". Save the spreadsheet as "velocity".
DISTANCE
[cm]

TIME [s]

VELOCITY
[cm/s]

TIME [s]

VELOCITY
[cm/s[

Notes

Draw the line graph of the relationship between the distance and time of the Pilgrim.
Task 7
Program the Pilgrim to move forward in a straight line for 20 seconds
.

Task 8
Program the Pilgrim so it moves from one line to another and turns in the spot.
In order to make the Pilgrim turn in the spot we should"
set the direction of the left engine movement backwards,
set the direction of the right engine movement forward,
set the same speed for both engines.

Algorithm (flowchart)
List of steps

START

1. Start.
2. Instantaneous start the both

Move forward

engines for specified time/number of

rotations.

Turn

3. Turning in the spot.

4. Instantaneous start the both

Move forward

engines for specified time/number of

rotations.

STOP

1.

2.

5. Stop.

3.

4.

5.

Task 9
Program the Pilgrim so it moves along the sides of a square (one side being 65 cm).

Task 10
Program the Pilgrim to move along a regular octagon.

Task 11
Write Polish words.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

sorted by:
blocks
a machine
the way of doing something
a task
sorting
sorted by:
the blocks used during IT class
f.e. touch
a plan

O B

G O R

O W

2
4
6

P O R

L
Z

D K

A W

O W

A N

O R M S

10 P R O

PHYSICS, MATHEMATICS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY TASKS

concerning using Lego robots
in bionics and safety

PHYSICS

Bionics
Conditions for equilibrium for the lever
r1*F1=F2*r2
1. What is the strength of hand muscles that operate the pulley shown on figure?

Solution:
Data:
g=10N/kg
m=20kg
To find:
F1=?
Answer:
F1=F2
F1= m*g
F1=20x10( Nxkg)=200N

Answer: The force equals 200N.

2. Ola's father, Ola and Ala sat down on the swing. Daddy weights F1 = 800N, and
Ala and Ola's weight F2 = 400N. Ola and Ala sat at a distance r = 2m from the
axis of rotation. At what distance from the axis should daddy sit so to keep the
swing in balance?

Data:
F1=800N
F2=400N
r1=2m
To find:
r2=?
Solution:
F1xr1=F2xr2
800x2=400xr2
r2=1600:400
r2=4m
Answer: Dad should sit in the distance of 4 meters from the axis.

3. Eve and Charles are sitting on the swing which is kept in balance. Children's
distance from the fulcrum is given in the figure. If Eve has a mass of 25 kg what
is the mass of Charles?

Solution:
Data:
m1=25 kg
r1=3m
r2=1,5m
To find:
m2=?
Solution:
m1xr1=m2xr2
25x3=r2x1,5
r2=75:1,5
m2=50m
Answer: Charles' mass equals 50 kg.

4. Farmer that weights 750N and is holding a stone that weights 50N. What is the
force which acts on the farmer's legs and what is its direction? What is the total
mass of the farmer and stone?
Solution:
The force equals 800 N, it is directed up. The total mass of the farmer and the
stone is 80 kg.

5. A man is holding a stone. The forces of gravity and man's muscles act on the stone.
a. Show the direction of the force of gravity and the force of the farmer's arm.
b. Which force direction is greater - gravitational or force of the farmer's arm?
c. Which force is greater - the strenght of muscles or the force of gravity?

Answer:
a. arm of the force of gravity from the elbow to the hand, arm muscle strength
of elbow joint to an anchor point in the vector of muscle strength
b. the greater force is this of the gravitational force
c. the force of the muscles is greater

6. Scissors are simple machine - first class lever. The scissors cut material. Is the
strenght of the muscles greater or lesser than the shearing force? Is the
direction of the strenght of muscles greater or lesser than the shearing force?

Solution:
The strength of the human muscles is lower than the shearing force. The direction
of the strength of muscles is greater than the shearing force.

7. A wheelbarrow is a simple machine. A man holds wheelbarrow handles in a

large distance from the axis of rotation. A force of his muscles acts vertically
upwards. Why is wheelbarrow useful at work?

Solution:
The wheelbarrow eases work as the length of the human muscles' shoulders is
the longest.

8. Why do we use wrench with long handle to loosen and tighten the screws?

Solution:
As with the use of relatively low strength we can tighten the screw. The direction
of the muscles is greater than the direction of the power of screws' tightening.

MATHEMATICS

Bionics

Task 1
Calculate the length of the artificial upper and lower limb for a person of 170 cm of
height on the basis of the skeletal system.

Solution:
1. Calculate the length of the upper limb.
x the length of the upper limb
the length of the prosthesis (cm) x

2,5

170

the length in the skeletal system (cm)

x= 170 x 2,5 : 7= 60,71

Answer:
cm.

The

length

of

the

prosthesis

should

be

60,71

2. Calculate the length of the lower limb.

x the length of the lower limb
the length of the prosthesis (cm) - the length in the skeletal system (cm)
x

170

x= 170 x 4 : 7= 97,14
Answer: The length of the prosthesis should be 97,14 cm.

Task 2
Calculate the length of the upper and lower artificial limb for a person with a height of
170 cm on the basis of the skeleton shown on the board.

Solution:
1. Calculate the length of the upper limb.
x the length of the upper limb
the length of the prosthesis(cm) - the length in the skeletal system (cm)
x

24

170

73,5

x= 170 x 24 : 73,5 = 55,51

Answer:
cm.

The

length

of

the

upper

2. Calculate the length of the lower limb.

x the length of the lower limb

limb

should

be

55,51

the length of the prosthesis(cm) - the length in the skeletal system (cm)
x

40,5

170

73,5

x= 170 x 40,5 : 73,5= 93,67

Answer: The length of the lower limb prosthesis should be 93,67 cm.

Task 3
Draw a table for the directly proportional quantities based on the tasks 1 and 2. Give
the coefficient of the proportionality. Chart the given proportionality.
Solution:
reference to the task 1
the length of the
prosthesis (cm)

170

60,71

97,14

the length in the

skeletal system
(cm)

2,5

a rate of the proportionality: 7: 170 = 0,041

a plot

the length in the

skeletal system
(cm)

the length of the prosthesis(cm)

reference to the task 2

the length of the

prosthesis (cm)

170

55,51

93,67

the length in the

skeletal system
(cm)

73,5

24

40,5

a rate of the proportionality: 73,5: 170 = 0,43

a plot

the length in the

skeletal system
(cm)

the length of the prosthesis (cm)

Exercise 1
Decipher the following sentence with the use of the Caesar Cipher:
1.
2.
3.
4.

GZCH GCLHFL
TUSWYH USARSOHJOH
IHULH CLPSAH
PDYHPDYBND

Solution:
1.DUZE DZIECI
2. PROSTE ROWNOLEGLE
3. FERIE ZIMOWE
4. MATEMATYKA

Exercise 2

Decrypt the message (the Caesar Cipher).

1. RDZND YS TSYHJL NOZFC
Solution:
NAUKA TO POTEGI KLUCZ
Exercise 3
Use the "GA-DE-RY-PO-LU-KI" Scout Code to decrypt the message:
1. FKALYG
2. YWNGNKD
3. YWNPUDAPBPI K TYJIT
Solution:
1. FIGURA
2. RWNANIE
3. RWNOLEGOBOK I TRJKT
Exercise 4
Use the "MA-LI-NO-WE-BU-TY " Scout Code to decrypt the message:
1. ILCZUM ALWSZMOM
2. ILCZUT RZDZ ELMYWA
3. ATI ELC JWSYWA
Solution:
1. LICZBA MIESZANA
2. LICZBY RZDZ WIATEM
3. MYL WIC JESTEM
Exercise 5
Use the "RE-GU-LA-MI-NO-WY" Scout Code to decrypt the message:
1. PMTLUNELS M TLARS
2. SWSZLRI M ZLPNIOMLRI, YMDZMLRI M ZLPLIMTLRI,
ZENBMRI M ZENZGIMLRI.
Solution:
1. PITAGORAS I TALES
2. SYSZAEM I ZAPOMNIAEM, WIDZIAEM I ZAPAMITAEM,
ZROBIEM I ZROZUMIAEM.
Exercise 6
Encrypt the message (the Caesar Cipher).
1. Bez matematyki, jestemy lepi.
Solution:
EHC PDYHPDYBNL, MHWYHWPB WOHTL.

Exercise 7
Use the "GA-DE-RY-PO-LU-KI" Scout Code to encrypt the message:
1. S plusy dodatnie i plusy ujemne.
Solution:
S OULSR EPEGTNKD K OULSR LJDMND.

wiczenie 8
Use the "MA-LI-NO-WE-BU-TY " Scout Code to encrypt the message:
1. Liczby rzdz wiatem.
Solution:
ILCZUT RZDZ ELMYWA.
Exercise 9
Use the "RE-GU-LA-MI-NO-WY" Scout Code to encrypt the message:
1. Matematyka to bardziej czynno ni nauka.
Solution:
ILTRILTWKL TN BLEDZMRJ CZWOON OM OLGKL.

Exercise 10
Encrypt the message with use of the letter-digit cipher:
Skoki po rozum do gowy te wymagaj treningw.
Solution:
2414201412 2220 2320282617 620 1016202732 25730 2732171101132
25237181218102127.
Exercise 11
Using the mathematical cipher encrypt the following message:
Noce s dugie, a zada tysice.
Solution:
151635 191 41321795, 1 2414115 2023199135.
Exercise 12
By using the multiplication table cipher, encrypt the message:
Mona doprowadzi konia do studni, ale nie mona sprawi, eby si z niej
napi.
Solution:
4X31x45x55x31x1 4x11x43x44x41x43x51x14x15x54x23x1
1x31x45x34x21x1 4x11x4 5x41x52x54x15x34x2, 1x12x35x1 5x34x25x1
4x31x45x55x31x1 5x43x44x41x13x54x23x1, 5x55x12x14x5 5x44x25x1
5x5 5x34x25x15x2 5x31x13x44x23x3.
Exercise 13
By using the fractional cipher encrypt the message:
Lekarstwem na nud jest ciekawo.
Solution:
6/2 5/1 5/2 1/1 6/3 1/4 2/4 4/4 5/1 2/3 3/3 1/1 3/3 3/4 4/1 5/1
4/2 5/1 1/4 2/4
3/1 3/2 5/1 5/2 1/1 4/4 4/3 1/4 3/1.
Exercise 14
Decrypt the following letter-digit cipher sentence:

142520 41147 2812211515 12181832411, 24117 17262412 2216201825.

Solution:
KTO CHCE ZAPALA INNYCH SAM MUSI PON.
Exercise 15
Decrypt the following multiplication table cipher sentence:
5X31x11x52x54x41x15x25x15x41x53x55x45x54x15x54x25x11x51x11x3
1x1 5x41x14x31x1.
Solution:
NATURA JEST WSZDZIE TAKA SAMA.
Exercise 16
Decrypt the following sentence with the mathematical cipher:
2219242319201116 1511252423 2117181192432413, 10111 2023121116
141624151.
Solution:
WSZYSTKO NALEY UPRASZCZA, JAK TYLKO MONA.
Exercise 17
Decrypt the following sentence with the fractional cipher:
2/3 3/4 6/4 5/4 5/2 1/1 2/1 3/4 4/1 6/4 3/2 4/4 1/4 5/1 6/3 3/1 3/4 5/3 6/3
1/1 1/2 3/3 3/2 5/1 3/3 3/2 5/1 4/1 4/3 2/1 6/3 5/4 3/1 2/2 3/1 6/4 5/4 3/3
4/3 4/4.
Solution:
MUZYKA BUDZI W SERCU PRAGNIENIE DOBRYCH CZYNOW.

Exercise 18
Encrypt the message with the Morse Code:
pomocy, ratunku, sos
Solution:
.--.|---|--|---|-.-.|-.-.-.|.-|-|..-|-.|-.-|..-|
...|---|...
Exercise 19
Using the Morse code send the message using light signals and your arms
the following message:
pomocy, ratunku, sos
Each student shows with his arms and light signals the "SOS" message
Solution:

Exercise 20
Using the Morse code encrypt and transmit a message with light signal and
by using arms:
Wybieram tylko dobro. Zo zostawiam innym.
Solution:
.--|-.--|-...|..|.|.-.|.-|--| -|-.--|
.-..|-.-|---| -..|---|-...|.-.|---|.-.-.-| --..|
.-..|---| --..|---|...|-|.-|.--|..|.-|--| ..|-.|-.|-.--|--|.-.-.-

Exercise 21
Decrypt the message:
.--|-.--|-|-.--|-.-|.-|--|-.--| ..|-.|-.|-.--|--|
-...|.-..|.|-..|-.--|
...|.-|--|..|
--..|.|...|--|-.--|
.--.|---|.--.|.|.-..|-.|..|.-..|..|

-.-|-|---|.-.|.|

Solution:
WYTYKAMY INNYM BLEDY KTORE SAMI ZESMY POPELNILI
Exercise 22
Students using arms present their messages via the Morse code, other
students decrypt presented messages.
Solution:
1. Duzo sie nauczyem.
-..|..-|--..|---| ...|..|.| -.|.-|..-|-.-.|--..|-.--|.-..|.|--|.-.-.-|

2. Tworzymy dobry zespol.

-|.--|---|.-.|--..|-.--|--|-.--| -..|---|-...|.-.|-.--| --..|.|...|.--.|---|.-..|.-.-.-

3. Napracowalem sie dzisiaj rekoma.

-.|.-|.--.|.-.|.-|-.-.|---|.--|.-|.-..|.|--| ...|..|.| -..|--..|..|...|..|.-|.---| .-.|.|-.-|---|--|.-|.-.-.-

MATHS & PHYSICS

Task 1
The work of Vitruvius titled "De Architectura", written more than two thousand years
ago, describes the principles of construction of temples, buildings, construction of
machinery used for lifting weights. What gravitational potential energy has the 20 kg
hammer got when it is placed at a height of 2 meters? How deep will the wooden pal
be driven into the ground, if the resistive force of the ground equals 2000 N?
Task 2
Leonardo da Vinci studied the natural phenomena and their applications in technology.
He was involved in many different branches of science, technology and flying. A sketch
of his flying machine was based on the construction of the bat's wings. The plane flies
at a certain height above the ground. What energy does it have? Calculate the total
energy of the aircraft which mass equals 38,125 kg flying at a height of 10 km above
the ground with the speed of 912km / h.
Task 3

By using the given objects - thin resilient paper, newsprint, a strip of cardboard and
glue, build a flying balloon according to the instructions provided.
Instructions:
1. Tape the edges of the thin paper sheet so to have a sheet with sides measuring 80
cm each. Do six copies of this kind and put them right on top of each other. Draw and
then cut the template of the balloon.
2. Fold the six sections of the balloon exactly in half. Glue them together, inserting the
newsprint between each section in order to separate them.
3. Glue the first section with the last one. Leave it to dry up.
4. Extend the balloon. Plaster its base with a strip of the cardboard. Fill it with warm air
using a hair dryer. Your balloon will lift up.

Task 4
At the beginning of the sixteenth century, a professor of Krakw Academy Jan Mroek
lived in Cracow. In 1612 he proved that bees build cells of honeycombs of a hexagonal
shape because the hexagon has the largest surface area for a given perimeter, and a
hexagonal cell has the greatest volume. A honeycomb cell has the shape of a prism
which base edge is of 4mm and a height is of 10 mm. How much honey can fit in one
cell? How many cells must be emptied by the beekeeper to receive 250 ml of honey?

Task 5
A man and his internal organs were often used as a basis for practical applications.
Based on this, the artificial intelligence systems were created. A conduction of nerve
impulses along the axon (a long projections of a nerve cell - neuron) is held at a
constant velocity which can reach up to 100 m / s in mammals' nervous system.
Present this velocity in km / h and calculate the time it takes the nervous impulse to
travel the entire length of the human body.
Task 6
The data below present the split times for 100 metres by Usain Bolt during the Olympic
Games in Beijing and The World Championships in Athletics in Berlin.

10m

1,85

1,89

20m

2,87

2,88

30m

3,78

3,78

40m

4,65

4,64

1.

50m

5,50

5,47

60m

6,32

6,29

70m

7,14

7,10

80m

7,96

7,92

90m

8,79

8,75

Plot a graph of the time-distance

relationship and calculate the average
10 100m
9,69
9,58
speed of a sprinter.
2. Calculate the average speed with which the sprinter ran another ten meters. Plot a
graph of the relationship between speed and time. When did the sprinter achieve the
highest speed?
3. Calculate the average acceleration of the sprinter in time from the beginning of the
run to the point of maximum speed, and (assuming your own body weight) the force
responsible for this acceleration.
4. Calculate work of the force calculated in the point above done during acceleration,
and kinetic energy at the moment of reaching the highest speed.
5. Calculate the momentum of this force during acceleration and momentum of a
sprinter at the moment of reaching the highest speed.
6. What is the average mechanical power of the sprinter during acceleration?
7. What height would this sprinter reach during the pole vault assuming that all its
kinetic energy would be turned into the potential energy of gravity?
Task 7
The observations of the animal world have given engineers and designers a lot of
ideas. A cheetah is the fastest animal on Earth - its speed reaches 120km / h. On the
basis of observing the movement of the cheetah, the designers used the observed
phenomena in constructing the car chassis. Calculate the cheetah acceleration at the
time of 2 minutes. What kinetic energy will the cheetah have, if its weighs 65 kg?
Task 8
Observations of birds contributed to a number of theoretical and practical applications.
Owls are birds that fly and hunt at night and are able to locate its prey due to their
perfect hearing. The flight of owls is almost inaudible. The so called Owl Technology
was created which is used to solve the problems of Aeroacoustics in the flight industry.
An owl heard the sound of a mouse 0,02s after the sound was transmitted. How far is
the mouse? What is the frequency of the sound? Assume that the velocity of sound in
the air is about 330 m / s.

Tasks with solutions - bionics

What we have to do:

In a warehouse we need to remove certain packages from the pick-up point into a
truck. We want to synchronize the machine that brings the boxes, in a certain
frequency.
To do that, we need to measure the time that our robot needs to pick-up a box with
its prosthetic arm. Then the robot moves backwards at first, and afterwards straight
towards the truck. Release the box at the truck and go back to the pick-up point.

How are we going to do that:

Step 1: Measure the time that our robot needs to pick-up each box ..
sec.
To program the robot to move its prosthetic arm we use the process: we move
manually the arm and the moves are written down in the program.
Then we use a timer to measure the time needed to pick up each box.
Step 2: How is the robot going to move backwards to be ready
at the next step to go straight forward.
We set a negative speed for the left wheel in order to move
backwards and a zero speed for the right wheel in order to turn
and change direction.
To measure the distance needed for the robot to move backwards:
i)

We measure the diameter of the wheel and by dividing by 2 we find the ray of
the wheel.

ii)

We calculate the distance that the wheel takes by turning once. For that we
use the formula S = 2**R

iii)

To calculate the arc needed to be made, we

measure arc S1 with a cord and the use a ruler.
Thus we find the distance needed to me made. Or
we find the angle a and the ray of the arc made and
calculate S1

2 R a
.
360

Either way,(measured by cord or by using the formula)we calculate S 1.

Step 3: How many rotations the robot wheels need to make backwards so our
robot will change direction as shown at step 2.
We calculate

S1
(where S1 is the distance needed to be made and S is the
S

distance made by a full turn of the robots wheel). The ratio gives as the
number of turns the wheel has to turn in order to go the given distance.
Step 4: How many seconds does the robot needs to go backwards: sec
We use a timer to measure time needed.
Its speed is: ..
To find the speed we use the formula u

s1
, where t is the time measured.
t

Step 5: The robot will move 8 meters straight ahead. How is it going to do that?
Speed:

Rotations of its wheels: .

Time: . Sec

We set a positive speed, same at both wheels, in order to move forward.

(Dont set
a very high speed so you will make your measurements easier).
To find how many rotations our robot needs to make, so it will move for 8
meters:
We use S (S is the distance made by a full rotation of our wheel). We
calculated S
before by using the formula: S = 2**R.
8m = 800cm so: number of rotations of the wheel =

800
S

To measure time we use again a timer.

Step 6: Measure the time our prosthetic arm needs to put the box into the truck and
move the arm up again. Time: . sec
To find the command how to make our prosthetic arm put the box into the truck, we
move manually the arm and the moves are written down in the program.

To measure time we use again a timer.

Step 7: The robot now needs to change direction. So we will repeat steps 2 5 so
our robot will be ready to pick up the next box.
We set a negative speed for the left wheel in order to move backwards and a zero
speed for the right wheel in order to turn and change direction. We use the
measurements we made before at step 2. Then we put positive speed for the right
wheel to move forward and zero speed for the left wheel to change direction.
Then follow step 5.
Step 8: Time needed for the whole procedure: .. sec
We add the time needed in each step in order find the time needed for the whole
procedure. Thus we find out the frequency that the boxes will come at the pick up
point.

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Bionics

KINGFISHER - HIGH-SPEED TRAIN

Racing at speeds close to 300 km / h Japanese high-speen Shinkansen train is one
of the fastest trains in the world. Its excellent performance is due to a certain small bird
- a kingfisher.

Shinkansen 500 series

http://eremi.blog.onet.pl/2010/04/25/superekspres-contra-zimorodek/

Nowadays, high-speed trains travel the distances about 10 percent faster and
consume 15 percent less power. In addition, the drag was managed to be reduced by
30 percent so when the train moves through a tunnel loud rumble is no longer heard.
Task 1.
The Japanese high-speed Shinkansen train 400 series travels at speeds of 240 km /
h and uses 7100 kWh of electricity.
Calculate speed with which its successor - the Shinkansen 500 series travels, and
how much power it uses within 1 hour. What is the difference between 400 and 500
series as far as electric power consumption is concerned? How many zlotys would it
be? Assume that 1 kWh costs 0.55 zlotys.
http://www.cenapradu.strefa.pl

SHARK - SPORTSMAN - SHIP - AEROPLANE - POWER PLANT

To swim like a shark
In beating swimming records, the technique of swimming itself is not only important,
but an appropriate swimming costume is essential as well. The Speedo company
worked on the mentioned assumption and observed a shark to help them with their
project. It turns out that the skin of this aquatic predator is covered up to ten scales per
one millimeter which influences the pace of the animal's movement - the scales form
micro-whirls. They created the Fastskin Swimsuit. The same phenomenon is also used
in the production of ships or aircrafts.

http://www.chip.pl/artykuly/trendy/2008/12/urzadzenia-wzorowane-na-naturze#ixzz3uW4C4cN8;
http://www.tvp.info/1854973/informacje/nauka/statek-w-skorze-rekina/; Politechnika Wrocawska Rozwizania
techniczne naladujce natur

The experts claim that wearing the Speedo swimsuit can enhance swimmer's lap time
by 1,9 to 2,2 %.
If every single aeroplane in the world is painted with a shark paint during each year
once, it would help to save a total of 4.48 million tons of fuel - as German scientists
figured out. Mounting mentioned layer on the hull of the Airbus planes would reduce
aviation fuel consumption by 1% .
During testing of the mentioned paint on the ship's hull, a layer of above mentioned
paint has reduced friction by more than 5%. In the case of a large container ship this
translates into potential savings in the form of two thousand tons of fuel per year.
The paint can also be used in the wind farms. It is also important to reduce drag on the
blades of wind turbines. The "shark" paint would improve the performance of the entire
wind farms by 20% and increase the general amount of generated energy.

Task 2.
Calculate with the use of spreadsheet how much money could be saved per year if all
the planes in the world are covered with the "shark" paint.
Assume that the price of the aviation fuel is 5,70 PLN + 23%VAT.
http://epbk.pl/oferta/lotnisko/sprzedaz_paliwa.html
Task 3.
Calculate with the use of spreadsheet how much money could one large container ship
save when it is painted with the "shark" paint.
Assume that the price of the fuel is 5,70 PLN + 23%VAT.
http://epbk.pl/oferta/lotnisko/sprzedaz_paliwa.html
Task 4.
A small wind farm generates 100 W to 50 kW of energy. It operates approx. 15002000 hours per year. How much energy on average will it produce during a year?
How much money would it be? Design a spreadsheet. How much energy would the
wind farm produce if it uses structures painted with the "shark" paint? How much
money would it save? Assume that 1 kWh costs 0,55 zlotys.
http://www.cenapradu.strefa.pl
Task 5.
Three large container ships are moored in the port of Gdynia. Calculate with the use
of spreadsheet how much money could be saved per year if they are painted with the
"shark" paint. Design a spreadsheet.
Assume that the price of the fuel is 5,70 PLN + 23%VAT.
http://epbk.pl/oferta/lotnisko/sprzedaz_paliwa.html

Safety
Task 1.
The robot moved dangerous obstacle left on the sidewalk to a safe place in 2 minutes.
It travelled 240 cm during that time. Calculate the average velocity of the robot in cm /
min, and m / s. Design an appropriate table in a spreadsheet. Format the cells.
A suggested solution:
TASK 1
Distance
240 cm
Time
2 min
Velocity = distance / time
Distance
120 cm/min
Velocity
0,02 m/s

Task 2.
The robot collected 3 boxes from the road (weighing 10 grams, 15 grams, 20 grams
respectively), and moved them to the side of that road. During 90 seconds it moved at
an average speed of 0.01 m / s. Calculate the length of the littered road in meters and
cm.
A suggested solution:
TASK 2
Velocity
Time

0,01 m/s
90 s

Distance = velocity * time

Distance
0,9 m
Distance
90 cm
Task 3.
The robot transported to a safe place two construction workers who were stuck on the
wall. It travelled 2m both ways and moved at a speed of 0.04 m / s. Calculate the time
it took the robot rescue people and transport them in the initial position of the robot.
A suggested solution:
TASK 3
Velocity
Distance

0,04 m/s
2 m

Time = distance/velocity
Time
50 s
Time
0,83333 min
Task 4.
The robot entered the platform moving at a safe speed of 60 cm / min and towed
broken-down vehicle off it. It returned to the starting point after 4 minutes. How far from
the robot was the broken car?
A suggested solution:
TASK 4
Velocity
Time

60 cm/min
4 min

Distance = velocity * time

Distance there and
240 m
back again
Distance to the
broken-down
120 cm
vehicle

Task 5.
Plot a line graph in MS Excel showing velocity of the robot.

velocity of the robot

[cm/min]
140
120

distance [cm]

100
80
60
40
20
0
0

1 min

2 min

time[min]

A suggested solution:

Task 6.
Do a bar graph showing the weight of dangerous parcels.
A suggested solution:

Weight of dangerous parcels

taken by the robot
weight [dag]

25
20
15
10
5
0
1 paczka

2 paczka

3 paczka

parcels

Weight of parcels taken by the

robot

parcels

3 paczka
2 paczka
1 paczka
0

10

15

20

25

weight [dag]

Task 7.
Do appropriate graph in MS Excel according to the exercise content.
A suggested solution:

velocity of the robot

240

distance [cm]

180
120
60
0
0

1 MIN

2 MIN

3 MIN

4 MIN

time [min]

Task 8.
Using the chart, compare average time of arrival of paramedics to the victim with the
average time it takes the drone to reach the victim.
A suggested solution:

Time it takes to get to the victim in radius of 12 km

10
time [minuty]

10
8
6
4

2
0
ratownik medyczny

dron ratownik

Task 9.
Present the weight of the deficopter on the chart. Mark drone's weight blue and mark
defibrillator's weight green (2.7 kg)

deficopter - weight

drone
43%

defibrillator
57%

A suggested solution:
Task 10.
Format the charts in tasks 1-4 from the previous lesson changing colors, font and
axes descriptions.
A suggested solution:
Weight of dangerous parcels which were
taken by the robot

weight [dag]

20
15
10
5
0
1 PACZKA

2 PACZKA

3 PACZKA

parcels

Task 11.
Program the robot so it moves dangerous object left on the sidewalk to a safe place,
makes a sound, and goes with a load with its red light pulsing.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Task 12.
Program the robot so it collects dangerous parcels and moves them to the side of the
road.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------An example of a program:

Task 13.
Program the robot so it takes two construction workers, who got stuck on the wall, to a
safe place.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------An example of a program:

Task 14.
Program the robot so it enters the platform safely and tows a broken-down vehicle off
it.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------An example of a program:

By Polish and Cypriot teachers