R R R

0.1 xy Rx + y R x R Rx R
0.1* xy R Rx +y R
0.2 xy R xy xy
xy xy x = y
0.3 A R A A
A A
0.4 x R nxn
0.4* > 0, x R n
xn

A 1 = 2 5 = {x R2 < x < 5}
A 2 = = {x Rx > 0}
A 3 = N =
A 4= R
A 5 =

1. A 1A 2
2. A 1 A 2 A 3
3. A i1i5
1. A 1 5-2 = 3 A 2
A 2
2. A 1 5 A 2 A 3 R
1

 3. A5 16 A i1i4

3
1 2 -
R = R {-}={rr = r = - r R }
-
a R -< a < R +-
ab R
1 ab R+- R
2 a Rb =
2.1a + = + a =
2.2a - = - + a = -
2.3 a > 0a = a =
a < 0a = a = -
a = 0aa
2.4a =

= 0

a > 0

a < 0

= -

a = 0

3 a Rb = -
3.1a+-=-+ a = -
3.2a --=
3.3 a > 0a-=- a = -
a < 0a-=- a =
a = 0a-- a
a

3.4 = 0

 a > 0

= -

a < 0

a = 0

4 a = b = -
+--+

--= + =
-- = -
=--=
-=- = -
R 1234-

1 A 1 3A 2 2
A 2A 3 R R
R 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.3



1.1.1. Proposition P

1. P1 40
P2 40 20
P3 40 20
P4 40 20 15 50
P5 40 20 15 50
P1 P2P3P4P5

2. Q1P1
Q2 20
Q3 15
Q4 50
1 Pi2i5
P2Q1 Q2P3Q1 Q2P4Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
P5Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4

True-False Table T F
3. PQ
P

PQ

P Q

4. PQR P Q RP R Q R
4

PQ

P R

Q R

P Q
R

P R Q
R

P Q RP R Q R
1.1.1. PQR
aP Q RP Q R
bP Q RP Q R
cP Q RP R Q R
dP Q RP R Q R
4 c 1
1.1.1.ab
P Q RP Q RP Q R
P Q RP Q RP Q R
2 (c)(d) P Q R P Q R

1. 1.1.1 abd
2. PQR
aP QQ P
bP QQ P
cP Q RP Q R
dP Q RP Q R
5

1.2.1. P P P xP
1.
aP
x
P
bP160
x
P160
cPx210
x
Px210
dPx210 y3
x
Px210 y3
ePx A
x
Px A
fP
x
P
gP
x
P
abcde 1.2.1 fg

T
F

F
T

 1.2.1 PQ
ax(P Q)xP xQ
bx(P Q)xP xQ
a
P

PQ

(P Q)

x(P Q)xP xQ
b 1
2. PQR SP Q R xSxP xQ xR
1.2.1b 1.2.1a
x
Sx(P Q) xR (xP xQ) xR

1. 1.2.1b
2. 1 fg
3. PQRS
aT1 P Q R T2P Q R T3P Q R
bT4P Q R S T5P Q R S
T6P Q R ST7P Q R S

P xQ

1P QQ P
2P Q
PQ
1 P Q P Q
2P Q P Q
Q P Q P P Q
1ABC ABC1800
2
a Px QQx RP Q
bABC PABBCCAQABRABC
P QP R
3 xy Rf(x)x3x5PxyQf(x)f(y)P Q
P xy xy0
f(x)f(y)x3x5y3y5x3y3xy
xyx2xyy21
xy[

1 2
1
(x y2) (xy)21]0
2
2

f(x)f(y)0 f(x)f(y) Q
P Q

 4 xy R{2}f(x)

3x 1
PxyQf(x) f(y)P Q
x2

3 xP xQP Q
1.3.1 PQ P QxP xQ

aP QxP xQ xQ xP
ixP
xQ Q
iixP P Q
Q
iiixQ xP
bxP xQP Q 1

5 f(x)

3x 1
x IR{2} xy f(x)f(y)
x2

PxyQf(x)f(y)P Q
xQ f(x)f(y)
3y 1
3x 1
y2
x2

3xy6xy23xy6yx2
7y7x
xy
P xP xP xQ 1.3.1 P Q
xy f(x)f(y)
xy Ixy f(x)f(y) I 1-11 1
6 f(x)

3x 1
x I2, xy f(x)f(y)
x2

PxyQf(x)f(y)P Q
xQ f(x)f(y)

3y 1
3x 1
y2
x2

3xy + 6x y + 2 3xy + 6y x + 2x2y2

7x7y
xy
x
P P xP xQ 1.3.1 P Q
xy Ixy f(x)f(y) f I
7

P
P Q
Q
P

xQ xP
8

PQ

1. 1.3.1b
2. 4

3. f(x)

3x 4
x I2, xy f(x)f(y)
x2

4. 1. 3. 1

10


P
P
BC = BC
CA ABC
CA
AB
=
1ABC AB

BC
CA AB
=
= BC
P =AB
CA
=

2ABC AB = BC = CA ABC
P = = =
AB

BC CA

3 f(x) R x0 Rf(x0)=0 x0 f
f(x)=0 P=f(x0)=0
4 f(x) R x Rf(x)0 f R
P= x Rf(x)0
5 f(x) R xy Rxy f(x)f(y) f
1-1 P= xy Rxy f(x)f(y)
6 f(x) R xy Rxy f(x)f(y) f R
P= xy Rxy f(x)f(y)
7 f(x) R x0 R
x-x0 xf(x) -f(x0) f x0 P=
x-x0 xf(x) -f(x0)

4 7 R I
8 an Rn NL R N
a P=
N nan-L L= lim
n n
N N nan-L
2 4 8
1 3 P
4 6 P
7 8 P
11

 7 8

1 f(x)=2x2+3x-5x0=4
ax0 f
bf
2 f(x) = sinxcosx f
3 f1(x) = 2x2+8x+5f2(x) = 2x2-4x+5 fi , i=1 , 2 ,
4 f1(x) = x3+x+1f2(x) = x2+2x+2
a f1 1-1
b f2 1-1
5 f(x) = 2x2+8x+5I1 =- ,-2I2 =-2 , f I1I2

12


4 8

1.4.1. A AP P A

1 A= AP= P A

2 A= AP=
3 A= AP=
4 f A= R x APX=f(x)0
5 f R A={x , y R 2xy}= xy
x , yx , y APx , y=f(x)f(y) Px , yx , y

1P =

2Q =

A A
A= R +[ 0,12

P =

P 0

Q =

Q 0

P=

Q=

A 5 {x , y R 2xy }
P=

( x , y )
A , y
x

A
Q = ( x , y )Q
x , y =

y
Pxx
, y

Qxx, yy
13

 4 6 P

R
4P = xf(x)0

y
5P = xf(x)f(y)

y
6P = xf(x)f(y)

12

1 P = PA
a A A
b P

Px P
6 f(x) = 2x2-4x+5x RPx=f(x)0P = x
R
a x R
bf(x) = 2x2-4x+5= 2(x-1)2 +330 Px
ab P
2 Q
a

A A

b Q

7 f(x) = -2x2-8x-5x RQx =f(x)0Q =xR Qx Q

a x = -2 R
bf(-2) = -8+16-5 = 3 0 Q-2
ab Q
1.2.1
1.5.1 P A P

A
x
x
P x ( P)
P A
Q x(

Q) A

14

P Q

A
Q

 8 1 P

P A

x A

9 2 Q

Q Q A
Q

A
Q

10 f(x) x2-4x+7 A{(xy) R 2 x y} x y

y
(xy) x yP(x , y) (f(x) f(y))P P(x ,y)x
P
1.5.1 xP

x x y
(x ,y)

xP(x ,y)(f(x) = f(y))

a x0y4 x y (xy)(04) A
bf(x)f(0)7f(4)f(y)
xP(0 ,4)
1.5.2 ab xP P
11 f(x)x3-x2+x-5A{(x ,y) R 2xy}Q(x ,y) (f(x) f(y))

y
Q Q(x ,y)x
Q
1.5.1 xQ

x x y
(x ,y)

xQ(x ,y) (f(x)f(y))

1 xQ
a(x ,y) A(x ,y) A
bf(y)f(x) y3-y2+y-5-x3-x2+x-5
y-xy2+xy+x2-y-x+1
y-x{

1
1
1
(y+x)2+ (y-1)2+ (x-1)2}
2
2
2

(x ,y) A xy f(y)f(x)0 (f(y)f(x))

xQ(x ,y)
15

ab xQ Q

1 P

P Q

A
P

2 3
a
b
3 f(x) 2x2+8x+5x RPxf(x)0P
a xP
b xP P

xR

Px

4 11(x ,y) A P(x ,y) (f(x)f(y))

y
P P(x ,y)x
P

5 f(x)

4x 3
x I(-,2)A{(x ,y) I Ixy}
2 x

P(x ,y) (f(x)f(y)) P

x y
P(x ,y)
P

16

1 P = PA

2 Q =

P B 1
1 P 2 P =
B

3 P =
A P = A B P
2 P 1 P =

P B
2

4 Q =
A B P
1.6.134


1
P=
=

=
A B P

A =
=
B =
= ( )
P = ( )
2
P=
=

=
A B P

A =

= ()
17

B =
P = ( )

= ( )

3 P = 5
A=B= h(x)= x

P =
A B h() h() - 5
4 Q =
A= B= w(x)= x

Q =
A B w()w()
5 S RP = S s rs-rs+ r S
P=

(s-rs+

r S)

sS r 0

1.6.2 P S R open set

6 S RQ = r S ss r
Q=

r 0 sS

1.6.3 Q S bounded set

34

3 P =
A B P

a
b B
18

c P

4 Q =
A B P

a
b B
c P
3 4
5* S =0 1 S
P =

s-rs+

r S

sS r 0

a s S =0 1
b r = mins 1-s= s 1-s
c c.1 r = s 0 < r = s 1 - s 2s 1
s-r s+r=0 2s 0 1= S
c.2 r = 1-s 0 < r = 1 - s s 0 2s-1
s-r s+r=2s-1 1 0 1= S
c.1c.2s-rs+ r S
3 P S
6* S =N S
Q =
P = xQ =

r 0 sS

s
> r

r 0 sS

3 P
a r > 0
b s =[ r ] + 2 N =S[ r ] = r = r
c s = s > [ r ]+1 r s > r
3 abc P = xQ Q S= N

19


1. (a) 3P=
A B P A, , B, P

(b) xP xP

2. (a) 4P=
A B P A, , B, P

(b) xP xP

((s - r , s r ) S )
3. ( 5) S=(0,1]P= s
S r 0
(a) Q= xP
(b) Q P (0,1]
5n 4Sin n

: n N
4. ( 6) S= sn
2
n 1

(| sn | r ) S
P= r
0 nN

20


3 P 1
4 P 234

5 P =

6 Q =

P =

P =

P =
A B

P
A B C

P =
A B

P
A B C

1.7.1 P Q
56
1P=
=

P
=
A B C
A= A B =

B , C =
C , P =
2Q=
=

P
=
A B C .
A, A , B

B , C =
C , P =
3P=

P =
A B C P
A = B = C =
P =
21

 4P=

P =
A B C P
A = B = C =
P =
5 f R x0 R
P | x- x0 | < x
| f(x) f(x0) | <
=

0 0 | x - x0 |

| f(x) f(x0) | <

A =0 B=0 C={x| x - x0 | < } =x0 -x0 +

Px =| f(x) f(x0) | <
1.7.2 P f x0
56

5 P =
A B C P
a
b B
c C
d P

6 Q =
A B C P
a
b B B
c C
d P
3 4

5* 5 f(x) = x2+x+2 x 0 = 2
P=

0 0 | x - x0 |

| f(x) f(x0) | <

f(x) x 0 = 2
22

 5 P A =0 =
B =0 ==xC ={x| x- x 0 | < }
P =| f(x) f(x0) | <
a > 0
b =min1

= 1

c x | x- x 0 | <
d | f(x) f(x0) | < c
| x- x 0 || x 2 | < 1 1< x < 3 ..*
| x- x 0 | <

| x- x 0 || x 2 | < ................................**
6

| f(x) f(x0) | = |f(x) f(2)| = | x2 + x + 2 8 | = | x2 + x - 6 |

= | x + 3 | | x 2 |< 6 |x - 2|< 6
(*)

=
6

(**)

f(x) f(x0)<
5 abcd P

= min1

1 x>0
6 fx f(x) =
-1 x < 0
P=

>0 >0 |x-x 0 |<

0 x=0

x 0= 0

f(x) f(x0)<

Q = xP =

>0 >0 |x-x 0 |<

f(x) f(x0)

6 Q
a =

1
2

b >0
23

c x =

x- x0 = x =

< x- x0 <

d f(x) f(x0)= f(x) f(0)= f(x) 0 = f(x)= 1

1
=
2

f(x) f(x0)
abcd 6 Q = xP P

1. (a) 5P =
A B C P BC P
(b) xP xP

2. (a) 6P =
A B C P BC P
(b) xP
3. f(x) = mx + 5 m x 0 R f x 0
4. f(x) = x2 + 2x 4x 0 =3 f x 0
5* = min (1,

24

) min (2,

10

1.8.1 a n Rn NL R
P N N nN n
a n L<
=

0 N n N

a n L <

P n { a n } L{ a n } L

L = lim
an
n

1 a n =

2n 3
2
2n 3
2
=
n NL =
lim
n
5n 4
5
5n 4
5

P=

0 N n N

a n L<

5 P
a > 0
b N N
a n L=

7
2n 3 2
10n 15 10n 8
=
= 5(5n 4)
5n 4 5
25n 20

7
----------------------------------------------------*
25n

*
an L
N = [

7
7
< n >

25n
25

7
<
25n

7
7
7
------------**
]+1 >

25
25
25N

c n N

25

d a n L=

2n 3 2
7
7

5n 4 5
25n
25 N

* c **
a n L <
abcd 5 P 1.8.1

lim 2n 3 = 2
n
5n 4

1.8.2 f(x) R x0 RL R
P
0 < x - x 0 < xf(x) - L<

0 0 0| x - x0 |

f(x) - L<

f(x)
f x0 L L = xlim
x0
2 f(x) = x2+x+2x0 = 2L= 8
f(x) = lim
x2+x+2 = 8 = L
xlim
x0
x 2
5*
3 f(x) = 2x3-x2+5x-4x0 = 1L = 2
f(x) = lim
2x3-x2+5x-4 = 2 = L
xlim
x 0
x 1
5
P=

0 0 0| x - x0 |

f(x) - L

a > 0
b 0x-x0
f(x) - L=2x3 - x2+5x - 4 - 2=2x3 - x2+5x - 6
26

=x-12x2+x+6=x-1g(x)---------------------------------*
g(x) = 2x2+x+6
1 = 1x-x0=x-1<1 = 1 0x2
g(x) 8+2+6 = 16--------------------------------------------------**
***x-x0<1
f(x) - L=2x3-x2+5x-616x-1-----------------------------------***
***x-x01 x-x0=x-1

16

f(x) - L
= min1

16

= min1

16

c 0x-x0
d = min1

16

***

x-x01 f(x) -216x-1

0x-x0
x-x0

16

f(x) - Lf(x) - L
abcd 5 P 1.8.2

lim f(x) = lim 2x2-x+5x-4 = 2 = L

x 1

x x 0

5 b

4 n Nf(x) = xnx0 = 0 L = 0
P =

0 0 0| x - x0 |

0 = L
lim x =xlim
0

f(x) =

x x0

xn - L

f(x) - L

xn - 0
27

 - xn
1

- n x n
1

x - 0 n
1

= n

2n 3
n NP =
an - L
0 N n N
5n 4

1. 1 an =

(a) Q = xP
(b) L = 1 Q P
2n 3
1
n 5n 4

lim

2. 2 f(x) = x2+x+2x0 = 2
P=

0 0 0| x - x0 |

xn - L

(a) Q = xP
(b) L = 10 Q lim
x2+x+2 10
x2
3. 3 f(x) = 2x3x2+5x-4x0 = 1L = 5

lim f(x) = lim 2x3x2+5x-4 5 = L

x 1

x x 0

4. an = (-1)nn N L = 3

lim an = lim (-1)n 3 = L

n

5. (a) an =

k (k 1) n N
k 1

(b) an =

k (k 2) n N
k 1

lim an = 3

lim an = 1

28

6. f(x) =

3x 4

x2 1

3x 4
(a) lim
= 2
x 2
x2 1
3x 4
(b) lim
x2
x2 1

7. f(x) =

5x 1

x2 4

5x 1
(a) lim
= -2
x 1
x2 4
5x 1
(b) lim
x 1
x2 4

8. f(x) =

x2 x 2
x 2
x2 4

3
x2 x 2
(a) lim
=

x 2
2
4
x 4

x2 x 2
(b) lim
x2
x2 4

9. f(x) = Sin
P

1
x 0L=1
x

0 0 0|x|

f(x) L <

(a) Q = xP
(b) Q P lim
f(x) 1
x 0

10. I f(x) =

1
I
x

P 0 0 x , yI f(x) f(y) <

| x - y|
(a) I = [ 1 , 2 ] P
(b) I = ( 0 , 2 ) P
P f I

29