Professional Documents
Culture Documents
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Meaning of banking
The word Bank is derived from Italian word Banco which
means a bench. In the past, the ancestor of modern banking system that
were merchants, goldsmith and money lenders used to perform the
monetary task sitting on the bench not in the market. So, Banco was
used to denote monetary transactions.
Generally the bank refers to those institutions which are established
under law for dealing with monetary transactions. It means those
institutions are treated as banks which accept the deposit of public and
grant loan to the needy person or businessmen or industrialists against
security deposits. A bank can generate revenue in a variety of different
ways including interest, transaction fees and financial advice. The main
method is via charging interest on capital it lends out to customers. The
bank profits from the difference between level of interest it pays for
deposits and other sources of fund and level of interest it charges in its
lending activities. Besides this, bank is engaged in different types of
activities such as exchange currency, joint venture, underwriting, bank
guarantee, discounting bills etc.
Different economists have given definitions of bank. Definitions
given by popular economists are given below:
According to Dr. H.L. Hart, A bank is one who, in the ordinary
course of his business, receives
Table No. 1
Commercial banks in Nepal
Nepal Bank Limited
Rastriya Banijya Bank
Nabil Bank Limited
Nepal Investment Bank Ltd
Standard Chartered Bank
Himalayan Bank Ltd
Nepal SBI Bank Ltd
Nepal Bangladesh Bank Ltd
Everest Bank Ltd
Bank Of Kathmandu Ltd
NCC Bank Ltd
Lumbini Bank Ltd
NIC Bank Ltd
Machhapuchre Bank Ltd
Siddhartha Bank Ltd
Agriculture Bank Ltd
Global Bank Ltd
Citizen Bank International
Prime Commercial Bank Ltd
Bank Of Asia Nepal Ltd
Sunrise Bank Ltd
Grand Bank Nepal Limited
NMB Bank Ltd
Kist Bank Ltd
Janata Bank Nepal Ltd
times, London. Similarly, the bank bestowed with the NICCI Excellence
award by Nepal India chamber of commerce for its spectacular
performance under finance sector.
EBL has been expanding range of services to the customers .It has
pioneered in extending various customer friendly products such as Home
loan, Education Loan, equity loan, Vehicle loan, Loan Against Share,
Loan Against Life Insurance Policy and Loan for professionals.EBL was
one of the first bank to introduce ABBS in Nepal.EBL is also providing
Remittance facility through which EBL customer can remit fund from
Nepal to CBS branches of PNB India.
Drawing its strength from its joint venture partner, EBL has been
steadily growing its size and operations. The bank is providing customer
friendly services through a network of 27 branches across the nation. The
main branch of EBL is situated in Baneshwor, Kathmandu. Furthermore,
the bank has branches in Teku, pulchowk, Balaju, Lazimpat, Pokhara,
Janakpur, Biratnagar amongst several other places/cities.
1.2.2 Objectives of EBL
EBL has the following objectives:
To evolve and position the bank as a progressive, cost effective
& customer friendly bank providing comprehensive financial
and other related services.
To be committed to excellence in servicing the public and also
excelling in corporate values.
To provide excellent professional services & improve its
position as a leader in the field of financial related services.
Amount
% of total capital
Authorized capital
1250000000
37.53
Issued capital
Paid up Capital
1050000000
1030467300
31.53
30.94
Total
3330467300
Figure no 1
Capital Structure of EBL
capital structure
Authorized capital
31%
Issued capital
38%
paid up capital
32%
The above figure shows that the authorized capital is highest than
others. It is 37.53% of total capital. Second is issued capital that is
31.53% of total capital. And third is paid of capital that is 30.94% of total
capital.
1.3
sent via wire transfer that is placed into bank account. It is main source of
resources to meet the growing demand of the financial assistance. Higher
the volume of deposits, higher will be the volume of investment which
gives higher profit. The existence of commercial banks basically depends
upon mobilization at deposit.
Types of deposit:1) Current Deposit:
7
2)
Saving deposit:This account can be opened with nominal amount. Limited amount
can be deposited and withdrawn from the bank in the specified time. This
account is held at an EBL bank maintained by a customer for the purpose
of accumulating funds over a period of time while earning an interest.
Interest rate is calculated on Daily Closing balance and payable on
quarterly basis.EBL provides nominal rate of interest.EBL Saving
Account provides following benefits:
Free Cheque books
Minimum Balance of NPR 500/- to open saving account in
any branches
Free Statement on demand.
8
Unlimited withdrawal
3)
Fixed deposit:
This account is managed to accept the deposit for fixed period of
time providing higher rate of interest. The amount can be withdrawn from
bank only after the expiry of time. If account holder needs amount before
expiry of time, s/he can take loan against security deposit.
Benefits:
Attractive interest rate i.e. 10% or 2% above the deposit rate
on actual usage.
Loan/Overdraft facility against FD allowed up to 90% of
deposit amount.
1.4
the deposit mix of EBL with the help of financial and non financial
indicators .Some other major objectives are: To find the composition of deposit in EBL.
To find out share of fixed current and saving deposit out of the
total deposit.
To identify the total deposit trend of public.
To provide conceptual framework of different deposit.
To provide suggestion and guideline to improve problems
regarding deposit.
To know whether different kinds of deposit are in increasing or
decreasing trends.
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1.5
Research Methodology
It is the heart of the project that provides the work plan and describes the
activities undertaken for the completion of project. This project uses both
financial and stastical tool for detail analyses on the project and it
includes:a) Research design
b) Data collection procedure
c) Data analysis tools
11
2.1
Research Design
Research design is a master plan specifying the methods and
Primary data:
Primary data is original data collected for the first time. I have used
CHAPTER 3
Data Analysis and Presentation
Data analysis is the process of developing answers to questions
through the examination and interpretation of data. Its purpose is to
change the data from an unprocessed form to an understandable
presentation.
In this chapter, total deposit, deposit composition, saving to total
deposit ratio, current deposit to total deposit ratio, fixed deposit to total
deposit ratio and cash balance to total deposit ratio are presented to
evaluate deposit mix of EBL. This chapter first explains methods of
organizing data by tabulation and then placing that data in presentable
form by using figures and tables.
3.1
2065
2398
2066
3332
2067
3693
2068
4113
2069
5000
(Source: Annual report of Everest2065-2069)
Figure No 2
13
(Rs in Crores)
Change in %
38.95%
10.83%
11.37%
21.57%
3000
2000
1000
0
2065
2066
2067
2068
20669
In the above table, pie chart and trend, we see that the total deposits
are in increasing order. In 2065 there were only 2398 crores of deposits.
In 2066 the amount of total deposit is increased by 38.95%, which is Rs
3332 crores. Then, the deposit in 2067 was 3693 which shows that it was
increased by 10.83%. After that, the deposit in 2068 reached 4113 which
means an increase by 11.37%.Finally, in 2069 the deposit is 5000
i.e21.57%increase than previous year. It shows the consistent progress of
the bank.
3.2
fixed, call and other deposits. It has been presented in the following
table:-
14
Table no 8
Deposit composition of Everest Bank
(Rs in lakh)
Types of deposit
2065
2066
2067
2068
2069
Current
24923
48599
41733
47912
60982
Margin
2214
2920
3759
4100
4517
Saving
118839
147823
133600
130391
172693
Fixed
64462
70500
104403
150619
130075
Call
27807
62940
84128
75501
129522
Other
1518
447
1699
2756
2272
Total
239763
333229
369323
411279
500061
400000
Call
Fixed
300000
Saving
200000
Margin
current
100000
0
2065
2066
2067
15
2068
2069
From the above table and graph we can see the position of different
deposits of EBL. We can clearly see that the saving deposit is in
increasing trend in 2065 and 2066 but it has been decreased in 2067 &
2068 and again increased in 2069.Current deposit and fixed deposit on
other hand is in increasing trend in every year from 2065 to 2069.The
other deposits that are margin, call and other deposits are also in
increasing trend every year.
3.3
100
Table no. 9
Saving Deposit to Total Deposit Ratio
(Rs in lakh)
Fiscal year
Saving
Total deposit
% of saving %change
deposit
deposit
2065
118839
239763
49.57
2066
147823
333229
44.36
2067
133600
369323
36.17
2068
130391
411279
31.70
2069
172693
500061
34.53
(Source: Annual reports of Everest Bank 2065-2069)
16
in
saving deposit
24.39
-9.62
-2.4
8.93
Saving deposit
2065
25%
17%
21%
19%
19%
Figure no 4
Saving Deposit to Total Deposit Ratio
17
2066
2067
2068
2069
600000
500000
400000
saving deposit
300000
tatal deposit
200000
100000
0
2065
2066
2067
2068
2069
The above table, chart and graph show the composition of saving
deposits to total deposits. It shows the decreasing trend of saving deposit
in 2067, 2068 and increasing trend in 2066 &2069.In the year 2066 the
saving deposit was Rs 147823 which was 44.36% of total deposits and it
was increased by 24.39%in comparison to 2065. After that, it got
declined. In 2067 it was decreased by 9.62% which was 36.17% of total
deposit and in 2068 it was decreased by 2.4% which was 31.70% of total
18
respect to total deposits. It can be calculated by the following formula:(Current Deposit/Total Deposit)
100
Table no 10
Current Deposit to Total Deposit Ratio
(Rs in lakh)
Year
Current Deposit
Total Deposit
2065
24923
239763
2066
48599
333229
2067
41733
369323
2068
47912
411279
2069
60982
500061
(Source: Annual reports of Everest Bank 2065-2069)
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percentage%
10.39
14.58
11.30
11.65
12.19%
current deposit
2065
27%
11%
2066
2067
22%
2068
2069
21%
19%
Figure No 5
Current Deposit to Total Deposit Ratio
600000
500000
400000
current deposit
300000
total deposit
200000
100000
0
2065
2066
2067
20
2068
2069
The above table, chart and graph show the change in current
deposit amount in respect to total deposit. In 2065, the percentage of
current deposit to total deposit was 10.39% which was increased to 14.58
in 2066 but it was decreased in 2067 & 2068 i.e.to 11.30% and 11.65%.
Again, it got increased in 2069 and reached to 60982 lakhs.Current
deposits have been steadily decreasing due to the diversion of current
accounts to the other accounts.
3.5
respect to total deposits. It can be calculated by the following formula:(Fixed Deposit/Total Deposit)*100
Table No 11
Fixed Deposit to Total Deposit Ratio
(Rs in lakhs)
Year
Fixed deposit
Total deposit
2065
64462
239763
2066
70500
333229
2067
104403
369323
2068
150619
411279
2069
130075
500061
(Source: Annual reports of Everest Bank 2065-2069)
21
Percentage
26.89
21.16
28.27
36.62
26.01
Figure No 6
Fixed Deposit to Total Deposit Ratio
Fixed deposit
25%
2065
12%
2066
2067
14%
2068
2069
20%
29%
600000
500000
400000
Fixed deposit
300000
Total deposit
200000
100000
0
2065
2066
2067
22
2068
2069
In the above table and chart we can see the percentage of fixed
deposit to the total deposit was 26.89% & 21.16% in 2065 and 2066
which increased to 28.27% & 36.62% in 2067 and 2068 respectively. But
it was decreased in 2069 which was 26.01%of total deposit .It shows the
increasing volume of fixed deposit during last fiscal years which is due
to the increase in interest rate.
3.6
cheques and other cash items which represents the greater ability to meet
the deposits. This ratio can be calculated by the following formula:
Cash Balance/Total Deposit * 100
Table no 12
Cash Balance to Total Deposit Ratio
(Rs. In lakh)
Year
Cash balance
Total deposit
Percentage %
2065
26679
239763
11.13
2066
61644
333229
18.50
2067
78188
369323
21.17
2068
61228
411279
14.89
2069
103633
500061
20.72
23
cash balance
2065
8%
2066
31%
19%
2067
2068
2069
18%
24%
Figure no 7
Cash Balance to Total Deposit Ratio
24
600000
500000
400000
cash balance
300000
Total deposit
200000
100000
0
2065
2066
2067
2068
2069
From the above table chart and graph, we can see cash and bank
balance on 2065,2066 and2067were increasing in trend which were
11.13%,18.50% and 21.17% of total deposit but in 2068 it got declined
and reached to 14.89% of total deposit. Again in 2069 it was increased
which was 20.72% of total deposit. From this analysis it can be
concluded that cash and bank position of Everest bank is in declining
state. For further increasement, EBL can invest in productive sectors like
short term marketable security, treasury bills etc to improve its situation.
Mathematical analysis
In this report various accounting, financial and statistical tools have
been used to analyze the collected data and interpret the results obtained.
The various tools used are:a)
Arithmetic mean
b)
Standard deviation
25
c)
Coefficient of variation
3.7
Arithmetic mean
This statistical tool is used in this study to find the arithmetic
average of the variable. Arithmetic mean is the figure we get when the
total of all the values in a distribution is divided by the number of values
in the distribution. It is used in this study to calculate the average value of
current, saving and fixed deposit and interpret it.
26
Mathematically,
X
N
Where,
=Mean
Standard deviation
Standard deviation is often powerful and helpful measure of
It is used in this
(X X )
Mathematically,
Coefficient of Variation
It is a relative measure of dispersion based on the standard
27
100
X
Mathematically, C.V=
Where,
=standard deviation
=Mean
Table no
(x
2065
1188
2066
1478
2067
1336
2068
1303
2069
1726
Total
7031
Where X=saving deposits in crores
-218.2
71.8
-70.2
-103.2
319.8
X
N
7031
= 5
= 1406.2
(X X )
=
17061 .8
4
=
28
47611.24
5155.24
4928.04
1050.24
102272.04
170616.8
=206.53
C.V=
100
X
206 .53
1406 .2
=14.69%
Table no
Calculation of mean, S.D & C.V Of fixed deposit
Year
(x
2065
644
-395.8
2066
705
-334.8
2067
1044
4.2
2068
1506
466.2
2069
1300
260.2
Total
5199
Where X= fixed deposit in crores
=
=
156657.64
112091.04
17.64
217342.44
67704.04
553812.8
X
N
5199
5
= 1039.8
(X X )
=
29
/4
= 372.09
100
X
C.V=
372 .09
1059 .8
=35.11%
Table no
Calculation of mean, SD & C.V of current deposit
Year
(x
2065
2066
2067
2068
2069
Total
249
485
417
479
609
2239
-198.8
37.2
-30.8
31.2
161.2
39521.44
1383.84
948.64
973.44
25985.44
68812.8
=
=
X
N
2239
5
= 447.8
30
(X X )
=
=
/4
=131.16
100
X
C.V=
=
=29.29%
3.10 Major findings
The major findings of the study which covers a period of 5 years
(2065 to 2069) are as follows: The average deposit of saving, fixed and current account from
2065 to 2069 are 14062, 1039.8 and 447.8 respectively. It
shows in an average, deposit in saving account is higher than
in other accounts.
The standard deviation of saving, current and fixed accounts
from 2065 to 2069 are 206.53, 372.09 and 131.1 respectively.
It shows that there is higher deviation in the current account.
The coefficient of variation of saving, current and fixed
account from 2065 to 2069 is 14.69%, 35.11% and 29.29%. It
31
32
CHAPTER-4
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
4.1
Summary
Financial sector in Nepal comprises of commercial banks and other
fixed, saving, current and others. They are the main source of raising
capital for bank. According to the latest data of 2069 of EBL, the total
deposit is 500061 lakh. Among the total deposit the current deposit is
60982 lakh i.e. 12.19% of total deposit whereas saving deposit is 172693
lakh i.e. 34.53% of total deposit. But fixed deposit is 130075 lakh i.e.
26.01% of total deposit. This shows that saving deposit occupies the
larger portion.
EBL is at consistent progress over the five years which can be
known by the increase in deposits every year. Due to its improvement, it
is gradually expanding its branches. In the same way, the bank has been
facing various challenges that has arised in the market and has been able
to give best performance in the market.
33
4.2
Conclusion
The trend analysis shows that the deposit of EBL is in
increasing trend. This shows that there is consistent progress
of the bank.
The share of saving deposits is more than of fixed, current,
margin, call and other deposits in EBL.
The saving deposit was increased in 2066 by 24.39% and it
gradually decreased in 2067 and 2068 by 9.62% and
2.4%.But in 2069, it was increased by 8.93%.So, saving
deposit is in increasing trend.
The current deposit was increased in 2066 by 94.99% but it
was decreased in 2067 by 14.13%. After that, it gradually
increased in 2068 and 2069by 14.81% and 27.28%
respectively. So, current deposit is in increasing trend.
The fixed deposit was increased in 2066, 2067 and 2068 by
9.37%, 48.08% and 44.27% respectively. But in 2069 it was
decreased by 13.64%.So, fixed deposit is in decreasing trend.
The cash balance was increased in 2066 and 2067 by 38.93%
and 10.83% respectively. But in 2069 it
was decreased by
34
4.3
Recommendation
With
reference
with
finding
and
analysis,
following
35