Generadores

I. Generador

Listado figuras

Presentacin

Introduccin

Objetivos

I. Generalidades

10

11

12

II. Tensin generada

EGP

EGP n
13

EGP K n

n p
120

14

15

16

EGP U TP I A RA I A X S

Z S R A jX S

17

EGP UTP I A Z S

18

III. Ecuacin
ngulo

de

potencia

3 UL ,

P 3

Utp Eg
XS

Sen

19

U L Eg
XS

Sen

90 90

Negativo cuando, se recibe potencia

(motor)

20

IV. Operacin con carga

21

 Egp U tp
U reg %
Ut p

x 100

22

23

V. Ensayos de alternador en
vaco.
Cortocircuito
y
regulacin de tensin

24

25

26

Rdc

27

U
2I

28

EGP

EGP
UN
3

XS
ICC

IN

RCC

XS

RCC

( p.u.)

29

IOB (Corrientede campo que permite obtenerla UN en vaco)

IOD (Corrientede campo que permite obtenerla IN en cortocircuito

ICC

IF

30

EGP(V)
11000
3

IN
IX
0

250

370

IN

50MVA
3 11KV

IN 2624,32A

31

IF(A)

2624.32 370

IX
250
IX 1773,119 A

11000

XS
1173,19
X s 3.58

Ureg%

11000

14153,14

x 100

11000

32

33

IL
IL

CARGA

IL

Ia X

EGP

UTP
Ia

34

I a XS

EGP

UTP

Ia

Ia
0

35

EGP

IaXS

UTP

36

 36,87

UTP

IA R

IA=692,8A

3I

37

n p
120

IA X

EGP

IA

1200A
692.8 A
3

Pperd elec 3I 2A R A
3(692.8) 2 (0.015 )
21.6 kW

38

39

VT / 3

n. p
120

120 f
p
120 60 Hz
n
1 200 rpm
6 polos
n

2
E gp
Vtp X s I A sen X S I A cos
2

40

2772 Vtp 1.0 60Asen 36.872 1.0 60Acos36.872

76.729 (Vtp 36)2 2.304
74.425 (Vtp 36)2
272.8 Vtp 36
Vtp 236.8V
3Vtp 410 V

EGP=277V
jX S I A 6053,13

36,87

UTP

IA

EGP=277
jX S I A 6090

UTP

Ia

IA

EGP=277

jXSIA

UTP

41

3Vtp 535 V.

42

43

44

45

46

47

nreg%

n0 n pc
n pc

100%

np
120

48

P sP f O f sist

49

50

51

52

53

54

Pent

55

2
ap n
60

56

( ( ))

57

sen 2 E gp1

sen 1 E gp 2
sen 2 0,8 sen 11,10

2 arc sen (0,154)

2 8,86

58

I a 2 333,91 - 6098

Cos 2 = 0,485

Q1 3 U L I L1 Sen 1 3 11000 180 sen(25.84)

Q1 1494867,22 VAR 1494,87 KVAR

Q 2 3 11000 333,91 sen60,80 5563113,6 VAR

Q1 = 1494,87 KVAR
Q2 = 5563,11 KVAR

59

np
120

S 3 UN IA

60

SN 3 UN IA mx

PCU 3 I 2 A RA

PCuR I 2 F RF

61

(b)

62

P 3VTP I A cos

3 VTP
X S I A cos
XS

Q 3VTPI A sen

3VTP
X S I A sen
XS

3VTP
VTP
Xs

Q-

2
3VTP
Xs

DE

63

3EGP VTP
XS

64

Un 2

Sn

65

Zn 1,598

S N 3 U N IN
IN
IN

SN
3 UN
119,2 MVA
3 13.8KV

IN 4987A

3 U 2t p
Xs

Q 52,44

13800

3
3

3,6315

MVAR

E gp

66

DE

3E gp U tp
Xs

13800

3(23761,4)
3

DE
156,4
3,63146

QR

RT

QR

QN

NR

Q
(M VAR)
Lmite de la
turbina

Lmite del estator

Lmite del rotor

N
P
(M W)

67

M
Lmite
prctico de
estabilidad

P 3 13,8 x 4850x 0,5 KW

P 57,96 MW

Q 3 13,8 4850 sen KVAR

donde arc cos (0,5) 60
Q 100,4 MVAR

Qmx = 103,96 MVAR

68

69

70

71

72

X ''

Egp
subtransitoria
I ''

X '

73

E gp
I'

transitoria

I L.base

S base
3 VL. base
100 MVA

3 13.8kV
4,184 A

Eg
1.0

8.333 p.u.
X ' ' 0.12
I' ' 8.3334,184 A 34,900 A
'
I 'p.u.

EA
1.0

4.00 p.u.
X ' 0.25
I' 4.00 4,184 A 16,700 A
I 'pu

E A 1.0

1.00 p.u.
X ' ' 1.0
1.00 4,184 A 4,184 A

I CC p.u .
I CC

74

l (t ) I ' ' I 'e t / T '' I ' I CC e t / T '' I CC

18,200e -t/0.04s 12,516e -t/1.1s 4,184 A
1
30

1
I 7,910 A 12,142 4,184 A 24,236A
30

75

VI.

Ejercicios

76

77

Mapa conceptual

78

Glosario

79

Bibliografa

80