Final Year Project

(FINAL REPORT)
Project Name: Vehicle Tracker Using GPS & GSM.

Team Members:
Shahzaib Abrar
12017019-203 (Group leader)
Asjad khan
12017019-004
Sohaib Nayyer
12017019-134
Noman Khalid
12017019-181
Project Advisor: Sir Saleem Ata.
Department of Electrical Engineering
School of Engineering
University of Management and Technology Lahore

DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY

I declare that this report entitled Vehicle Tracker Using GPS & GSM has been
developed ourselves.. The report has never been accepted for any degree and has never
been submitted ever as requirement for any degree or other awards.

Name: _________________________

Name: _________________________

ID: ____________________________

ID: ____________________________

Date: _____________________________

Date: _____________________________

Name: _________________________

Name: _________________________

ID: ____________________________

ID: ____________________________

Date: _____________________________

Date: _____________________________

Vehicle Tracker Using GPS & GSM

Submitted to the Electrical Engineering Department

of University of Management and Technology Lahore
as necessary requirement for the Degree of

Bachelor of Science
In

Electrical Engineering.

Project Advisor
Projects

Director

Department of Electrical Engineering

School of Engineering
University of Management and Technology Lahore
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
First of all, all praises are for Allah Almighty and without His blessings, no target or success can
be achieved.
I want to appreciate our project advisor Sir Saleem Ata, a man with true knowledge and
experience, who helped us to produce excellence in our work and progress.
The respect and appreciation also goes to Sir Jameel Ahmad (Director Projects, SEN) who
constantly supported me with his positive instructions and continuously motivating and giving us
support when it came to utilizing the university resources for our project.
This project would have not seen the completion if there was no support and help from the
organizers of Projects Lab. They provided us the components, literary and practical help,
learning and recognition to use the Projects Lab premises for our project. Without their
cooperation and support, many hurdles and hardships could have come in between our progress
in the project.

ABSTRACT
Principle point of vehicle following tracking system is offer safety to vehicles of all types. GPS
are profoundly profitable in nowadays, this system allows the administrator to screen and trace
the automobile position. This new drive innovation, more often than not called vehicle tracing
system which make various supernatural occurrences in the security of automobile. Vehicle
tracing system utilized GPS and GSM innovation to track and give complete area and sped data
to client over cell telephone.
Project give minute by moment upgrades about vehicle area by sending SMS through GSM
modem. SMS contain longitude and scope of the area of the vehicle. Microcontroller is the focal
handling unit CPU of our undertaking. Microcontroller gets the directions from GPS modem and
after that it sends the data through SMS. SMS will be sent to the proprietor of the vehicle. Thusly
the vehicle managers can track their automobile on a continuous reason. On account of constant
after office, Automobile taking after are ending up being logically standard among managers of
immoderate automobiles.

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
Chapter

Topic

Page no

1.
1.1.
1.2.
1.3.
1.4

Acknowledgement
Abstract
Introduction
Overview
Proposed System
Features
Usage of VTS

4
5
9
10-11
12
12
13

2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4

Working
Block Diagram
Block Diagram Description
Code
Circuit

14
15
16
16-29
30

3
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9

Components
GPS
Power Supply
GSM
PIC
Voltage Regulator
Relay
LCD
Opto coupler
Transistor

31
32-34
34
35-36
37-38
38
39
39
40
41

4
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4

Application
Future Scope
Conclusion
References

42
43
43
43
43

Picture Gallery

44-46

Figure No

Topic

Page

Block Diagram

15

Circuit diagram

30

GPS

32

Power Supply

34

GSM

35

PIC

37

Voltage Regulator

38

Relays

39

LCD

40

10

Opto Coupler

40

11

Transistor

41

12

Picture Gallery

44-47

Abbreviations
GPSGlobal Positioning System
SMSShort Message Service
FYP Final Year Project
GSM..............................................................................Global system for mobile communications
TX/RX.transmitter/Receiver
ICIntegrated Circuit
I/O.input/output
IR...Infrared Rays

CHAPTER 1

1.

INTRODUCTION
1.1 Overview

The proposed configuration of GPS and GSM based following structure is financially
understanding, dependable what's more, has the limit of careful after. Right when considerable
article or automobiles were extensive over ground, then thelandlord organizations regularly
thought that it was hard to monitor what was going on. They required some kind of framework to
figure out where every itemwere at any assumed time for and to what extent it voyaged.
Likewise the necessity of following in buyer's automobile to keep any sort of burglary since
police can utilized following reports to find stolen automobile. GSM and GPS based after system
will give effective, constant automobile territory, and reportage. A GPS-GSM based after
structure will enlighten where your automobile is and where it is, to what degree it has been. The
structure uses geographic position and time information from the Global Satellites
Positioning.Proprietors and in addition specialists are dependably vigilant for better than ever
security frameworks for their vehicles.
One must be thankful for the forthcoming advances, similar to GPS frameworks, which empower
the proprietor to nearly screen and track his vehicle continuously furthermore, check the
historical backdrop of vehicles developments. This new innovation, prominently called Vehicle
Tracking has done marvels in keeping up the safety of the vehicle tracking after
framework is one of the greatest mechanical headways to track the exercises of the automobile
.This gear is fitted on to the vehicle in such a route, to the point that it is not clear to any person
who is inside or outward of the automobile. Along these lines it is used as a cryptic unit which
tirelessly or any obstruct to the structure, sends the region data to the watching unit. Right when
the vehicle is stolen, the zone data from taking after system can be used to find the zone and can
be instructed to police for further action. Some Vehicle taking after System can perceive
unapprove advancements of the vehicle and after that attentive subject. This gives various bits of
advancement for same type.To gave area and time data at any place on Earth, (GPS) is ordinarily
utilizes as a space-based worldwide routing on satellite outline. The area of data give by GPS
bases can be envisioned Google Earth utilizing. In information transport removing, GSM and
other type as SMS invention is a typical component all type of portable with system
administration suppliers. Usage of type SMS invention hasended up prevalent in light of the fact
that it is a reasonable, helpful and available method for exchanging and getting information with
high unwavering quality. On the off chance that the auto begins running, the customer gets an
affirmation SMS that it is running at this point. On the off chance that this is unlawful operation
or any interlopers attempt to run the auto, the proprietor can send SMS to switch off the auto. A
short time later, the framework will check the portable number for got message, to affirm that the
telephone number could get to the security framework. The framework will likewise check the
versatile number of the message sender, to affirm that the telephone number is lawful or illicit to
get to the framework and if the telephone number is legitimate the framework will kill the car.
GPS based Vehicle following framework is required much of the time.

In GPS following framework the area of vehicle is sent to remote spot and it is finished
by GSM modem. Worldwide Positioning System (GPS) modem requires least 3 satellites to
compute the definite area. This modem conveys just in single route with microcontroller. This
implies it can just transmit information to microcontroller. GPS Modem does not get any
information from microcontroller. In the meantime GPS modem does not send information to
Satellite, it just gets signal from satellites.This structure has Global Positioning System (GPS)
which get the headings from the satellites between other essential information. Taking after
system is basic in current world. This can be useful in officer watching, taking after of the theft
vehicle and distinctive applications. The system is microcontroller based that includes an overall
arranging structure and overall structure for adaptable post (GSM). GPS modules are famously
utilized for route, situating, time and different purposes. GPS radio wire gets the area values
from the satellites. GPS gives data about: Message transmission time and Position around then.
GSM modem is utilized for transmitting and accepting the information .The observing
unit comprises of a GSM portable and a Web Application. The GSM versatile will gain the
position of the vehicle (longitude and longitude) and after that by writing those co-ordinates in
web application proprietor of vehicle can get the careful area of the vehicle. Business armada
administrators are by a wide margin the biggest clients of vehicle following frameworks. These
frameworks are utilized for operational capacities, for example, directing, security, dispatch and
gathering on-board data .We can interface more number of sensors so as to fill numerous needs.
The microcontroller that has been utilized as a part of this anticipate have inbuilt ADCs and
henceforth the controller is equipped for tolerating simple inputs, which is the greatest point of
preference. Since all genuine signs are simple in nature, by joining distinctive sensors required
reason can be served. Vehicle following both in the event of individual and also business reason
enhances wellbeing and security, correspondence medium, execution checking and expands
efficiency. So in the coming year, it will assume a noteworthy part in our everyday living.
Most importantly GPS consistently takes information from the satellite and store its data in
regards to longitude, scope in micro controller. If we need to track the vehicle, we have to make
an impression on our GSM module which gets actuated around then. It can be actuated by
numerous different means excessively like ablaze or IR sensors yet that is not the extent of our
undertaking. On flip side our GPS will be off or in rest mode with the assistance of Relays.
When GSM gets initiated it takes the last got scope and longitude values from the cradle and
makes an impression on the specific number or portable workstation which is characterized in
the project.
.

1.2 PROPOSED SYSTEM

Our Planned work, a methodology of novel for automobile taking after and acquiring system
used to track the burglary automobile by using GPS and also GSM development. This system
sets in resting mode while the vehicle dealt with by the manager or affirmed individual like the
most part goes to element manner, the strategy for process changed in individual or greatly. In
case any interruption happened in any side of the gateway, the IR sensor distinguishes the signs
and through SMS sends to the microcontroller. The subjects ofcontroller, the message about the
spot of the vehicle to the auto proprietor or endorsed person. Right when send SMS to the
controller, issues the control signs to the engine motor. Engine motor speeds are continuously
decreases and go to the off spot. After that each one of the portals shot. To open the gateway or
restart the engine, endorsed singular needs to enter the passwords. In this strategy, taking after of
vehicle spot basic andentryways bolted naturally, along these lines cheat can't make tracks in an
opposite direction from the auto.
Framework is utilized for situating and exploring the vehicle with an exactness of 10m. The
exact area is appeared in type of scope, height and longitude alongside the definite navigational
track on Google map.
This framework tracks the area of required vehicle and sends the data to clients versatile in type
of information furthermore to connected microcontroller pic18F452. The arrived information is
as scope and longitude is utilized to find and discover the Vehicle on Google maps furthermore
we can see the yield on the LCD or on the portable screen.

1.3 Vehicle Tracking Feature

It is for the most part advantage for the organizations which depend on transport framework.
Since it can demonstrate the position of all vehicles progressively, so they can make the normal
information in like manner. These following framework can store the entire information where
the vehicle had gone, where did it stop, the amount of time it take at each stop and can make
entire information examination. It is likewise utilized as a part of transports and prepares, to
gauge how far they are, the amount of time it takes for them to reach a specific stop. These
frameworks are utilized to information catch, information stockpiling, information investigation
lastly information exchange. By including extra sensors, for example, temperature sensor and
infrared sensors the framework can be empowered to distinguish fire, robbery and hindrances.

These type of systems are very useful in the companies which deals with the vehicles e.g people
dealing in the buses or rent a car etc .They can find the exact location of the vehicle where they
are and where it stop they can get data analyses it store or transfer it. By additional sensors such
as temperature sensor, motion sensors and infrared sensors this system can also be enabled to
detect fire, theft and obstacles. This system is also getting essential these days because of
increasing cars accidents we can insert this system in car and can monitor the movements of
driver in case of any situation which is not normal it will inform to other number stored in it.

1.4 Usage of VTS in Pakistan

Following in Pakistan is generally utilized by transport frameworks, taxi and transport
organizations and movement administrators. Cabmanagersuse to look the automobile and at
which exact range it is arranged and send this all data to managers sitting at back and they can
educate other about the vehicles. e.g in nowadays tilt and other taxi organizations are utilizing
the same thing. Another utilization is for movement police on the off chance that this framework
is put in automobile and an evaluation of the movement and if any mishap is happened then they
can occupy entire movement into another words. Thats the method is valuable since Pakistan is
one of occupied movement nations and this framework can control huge numbers of the activity
issues.

CHAPTER 2

2. WORKING
Firstly GPS collect whole information about the vehicles location its longitude latitude with the
help of 3 or more satellites. All these satellites make on sight of line and will send location on
GPS module.
When information is sent to extract the information user will send message to GSM .when
message will be send it will activate GSM and in meanwhile GPS will be turned of with the help
of relays.

Both GPS and GSM is connected to Tx and Rx pins of microcontroller inversely .Pin Txof
microcontroller is connected to pin Rx of module and Rx of microcontroller to pinTx. When
information is to send it will transmit and when it is to read Rx pin will be activated .Relay is
used for the switching between both pins. Data of the vehicle will be stored in a microcontroller
and can be extracted on LCD or screen of mobile from it by the help of texton the GSM.
This whole operation is performed through some set of commands which are known as AT
commands .these commands are made by the developers and these are fixed any operation to be
performed by the user has to used these set of commands. For providing power we can use AC
source but it should be converted to DC with a converter its better to use DC source of less
power to save your project of burning by providing voltage

2.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM

Fig 1

2,2 BLOCK DIAGRAM DESCRIPTION

Block diagram description is same as described above is the introduction or working of this
report. According to block diagram it can be clearly explained that there are antennas attached

with the both GSM and GPS module through which they will collect data and will provide it to
their modules. At first data will be collected by GPS and will stored into pic until and unless it
will be required by GSM module. For this purpose person will send message and that message
will send an AT commands through microcontroller to relays . That relay will perform switching
and will convert GPS into sleep mode after getting information through GPS and will stored
data of longitude latitude to the microcontroller and from their user can get information and can
be display it to the attached LCD or on the screen of mobile. Power supply used is of 12 v
battery which will be further converted to 5v as most of components require 5v so for that
purpose we have used voltage converter from 12 to 5v.

2.3 Code
// LCD module connections
sbit LCD_RS at RB0_bit;
sbit LCD_EN at RB1_bit;
sbit LCD_D4 at RB2_bit;
sbit LCD_D5 at RB3_bit;
sbit LCD_D6 at RB4_bit;
sbit LCD_D7 at RB5_bit;
sbit LCD_RS_Direction at TRISB0_bit;
sbit LCD_EN_Direction at TRISB1_bit;
sbit LCD_D4_Direction at TRISB2_bit;
sbit LCD_D5_Direction at TRISB3_bit;
sbit LCD_D6_Direction at TRISB4_bit;
sbit LCD_D7_Direction at TRISB5_bit;
// End LCD module connections
char txt5[] = "GPS ROBOTS";
char txt6[] = "";
// Variables

int i = 0;
int received = 0;
char DataType[] = "GPXXX";
char NMEA[] = "$xxxxx,xxxxxxxxx,xxxx.xxx,x,xxxxx.xxx,x,x,xx,x.x,xxx.x,x,xx.x,x,,*xx";
char receive;
// End Variables
void main()
{
Lcd_Init();

// Initialize LCD

Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CURSOR_OFF);

// Cursor off

Lcd_Out(1,1,txt5);

// Write text in first row

Lcd_Out(2,6,txt6);

//displays txt5

Delay_ms(5000);

//displays txt6

Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CLEAR);

// Clear display

Delay_ms(250);

UART1_Init(9600);

// Initialize UART for GPS board connectivity

while(1) {
if (UART1_Data_Ready() == 1) {
receive = UART1_Read();
if (receive == '$') // Check if sentence begins.
{
received = 0;
do{
if (UART1_Data_Ready() == 1)
{

UART1_Read_Text(DataType, ",", 10); // Capture GPXXX word

received = 1;
}
} while(received == 0);
// If it is GPGGA Data, then acquire it.
if ((DataType[2] == 'G') && (DataType[3] == 'G') && (DataType[4] == 'A'))
{
received = 0;
do{
if (UART1_Data_Ready() == 1)
{
UART1_Read_Text(NMEA, "*", 100); // Stop at *XX checksum data
received = 1;
}
} while(received == 0);
if (UART1_Data_Ready())
{
tmp = UART1_Read();
if(tmp == 'O')
{
switch (gsm_state) {
case 0: {
if (tmp == 'M'){
gsm_state = 1;
delay_ms(100);
}

break;
}
case 1: {
if (tmp == '9') {
gsm_state = 2;
}
else
gsm_state = 0;
break;
}
case 2: {
if (tmp == '2')
gsm_state = 3;
else
gsm_state = 0;
break;
}
UART1_Write_Text("AT+CMGS=\"10DIGIT\"\r\n");
case 3: {
if (tmp == 'M')
gsm_state = 4;
else
gsm_state = 0;
break;}
case 4: {
gsm_state = 0;

//send SMS to this number

break;
}
default: {
gsm_state = 0;
break;
}}}
if(tmp=='R') {
switch (gsm_state) {
case 0: {
if (tmp == 'R')
gsm_state = 10;

// we have 'R'
// expecting 'e'

break;
}
case 10: {
if (tmp == 'e')
gsm_state = 11;

// we have 'e'
// expecting 'l'

else
gsm_state = 0;

// reset state machine

break;
}
case 11: {
if (tmp == 'l')
gsm_state = 12;

// we have 'l'
// expecting 'a'

else
gsm_state = 0;
break;

// reset state machine

}
case 12: {
if (tmp == 'a')
gsm_state = 13;

// we have 'a'
// expecting 'y'

else
gsm_state = 0;

// reset state machine

break;
}
case 13: {
if (tmp == 'y') {
gsm_state = 14;

// we have 'y'
// expecting first digit

}
else
gsm_state = 0;

// reset state machine

break;
}
case 14: {
relay_no[0] = tmp;
gsm_state = 15;

// setting first digit into array

// expecting second digit

break;
}
case 15: {
relay_no[1] = tmp;

// setting first digit into array

relay_no[2] = 0;

// setting null

gsm_state = 0;

// reset state

Get_Relay_Number();

break;
}
default: {

// unwanted character

gsm_state = 0;

// reset state machine

break;

if(tmp=='R')
{
switch (gsm_state) {
case 0: {
if (tmp == 'S')

// we have 'S'

gsm_state = 10;

// expecting 'E'

break;
}
case 1: {
if (tmp == 'E')

// we have 'E'

gsm_state = 11;
else
gsm_state = 0;
UART1_Write_Text("SMS Start\n");
sms_send();
break;
}

// reset state machine

case 2: {
if (tmp == 'S')

// we have 'S'

gsm_state = 12;

// expecting 'D'

else
gsm_state = 0;

// reset state machine

break;
}
case 3: {
if (tmp == 'D')

// we have 'D'

gsm_state = 13;
else
gsm_state = 0;

// reset state machine

UART1_Write_Text("SMS Stop\n");
sms_send();
break;
}

case 4: {
if (tmp == 'E') {
gsm_state = 14;

// we have 'E'
// expecting 'K'

}
else
gsm_state = 0;

// reset state machine

case 5: {
if (tmp == 'K')
gsm_state = 15;

// we have 'K'

else
gsm_state = 0;

// reset state machine

UART1_Write_Text("Engine Kill\n");
sms_send();

break;
}

case 6: {
if (tmp == 'E') {
gsm_state = 16;

// we have 'E'
// expecting 'R'

}
else
gsm_state = 0;

// reset state machine

break;
}
case 7: {
if (tmp == 'R') {

// we have 'R'

gsm_state = 17;
}
else
gsm_state = 0;

// reset state machine

UART1_Write_Text("Engine Release\n");
sms_send();

break;
}

case 8: {
if (tmp == 'D') {

// we have 'D'

gsm_state = 18;

// expecting 'O'

}
else
gsm_state = 0;

// reset state machine

break;
}
case 9: {
if (tmp == 'O') {

// we have 'O'

gsm_state = 19;
}
else
gsm_state = 0;

// reset state machine

UART1_Write_Text("Door Open\n");
sms_send();
break;
}
case 10: {
if (tmp == 'D') {
gsm_state = 20;
}
else

// we have 'D'
// expecting 'C'

gsm_state = 0;

// reset state machine

break;
}
case 11: {
if (tmp == 'C') {

// we have 'C'

gsm_state = 21;
}
else
gsm_state = 0;

// reset state machine

UART1_Write_Text("Door Close\n");
sms_send();
break;
}
case 12: {
if (tmp == 'E') {
gsm_state = 22;

// we have 'E'
// expecting 'L'

}
else
gsm_state = 0;

// reset state machine

break;
}
case 13: {
if (tmp == 'L') {
gsm_state = 23;
}
else

// we have 'L'

gsm_state = 0;

// reset state machine

UART1_Write_Text("LOT");
UART1_Write_Text(NMEA[11]);
UART1_Write_Text(NMEA[13]);
UART1_Write_Text(NMEA[14]);
UART1_Write_Text(NMEA[15]);
UART1_Write_Text(NMEA[16]);
UART1_Write_Text(NMEA[17]);
UART1_Write_Text(NMEA[18]);
UART1_Write_Text(NMEA[19]);
UART1_Write_Text(NMEA[21]);
UART1_Write_Text("LON");
UART1_Write_Text(NMEA[23]);
UART1_Write_Text(NMEA[24]);
UART1_Write_Text(NMEA[25]);
UART1_Write_Text(NMEA[26]);
UART1_Write_Text(NMEA[27]);
UART1_Write_Text(NMEA[28]);
UART1_Write_Text(NMEA[29]);
UART1_Write_Text(NMEA[30]);
UART1_Write_Text(NMEA[31]);
UART1_Write_Text(NMEA[32]);
UART1_Write_Text(NMEA[34]);
sms_send();
break;
}

case 15: {
relay_no[1] = tmp;

// setting first digit into array

relay_no[2] = 0;

// setting null

gsm_state = 0;

// reset state machine

Get_Relay_Number();
break;
}
default: {

// unwanted character

gsm_state = 0;

// reset state machine

break;
}
}
}
}}
}
// Converting relay number text into byte
void Get_Relay_Number(){
char rn;
if(relay_no[0] == 48){ // If first number is 0
rn = relay_no[1]-48;
//return rn;
sms_send();}}
// ===============================================================
// SMS Send Portion
void sms_send()
{

int i;
UART1_Write_Text("AT+CMGS=\"03336786506\"\r\n");
Delay_ms(800);
UART1_Write(0x0D);
Delay_ms(50);

}
}
}
}

2.4 Circuit Diagram

//send SMS to this number

CHAPTER 3

3.

Components

3.1 GPS(Global positioning system )

GPS is used to get data from satellites .satellites find the coordinates and send back it to
GPS module.

Fig 2
Working:
The structure was initially intended for working American Military system. Now a days there are
likewise several regular citizen GPS users around the globe. Non-military personnel clients are
permitted to utilize the Ordinary Positioning Service denied of any sort of charge or imperatives.
Watching GPS approach for high power exercise. This project for instance, can be put in
aautomobile, cell phone, and GPS tools. GPS working by giving the data which can trace the
development of engine of the automobile. This can be more utilize to track the part and
advancement of an automobile, and parents can also check the area of their children. A GPS
following framework utilizes the GNSS Network. GPS joins a scope of satellites that utilized the
GPS gadgets to give area data, automobile rate, and time. GPS following system can possibly
give both ongoing and related route any kind of journey.

GPS give uncommon satellite signs, which are taken care of by a beneficiary. The GPS collectors
follow the accurate area, as well as figure the pace and time. Positions can be finding three
dimensional perspectives by utilize four GPS satellites. The space portion of the Global

Positioning System involves of 27 GPS satellites in Earth circle. There are 24 supplementary
operational and 3 satellites move around the Earth like clockwork and send radio signs from
space which are gotten by GPS recipient. The control of the situating framework contains of
various following stations set far and wide.
Checking stations helps the GPS satellite following signs which are continually circling the
earth. Space make discharge microwave transporter signals. GPS collectors that change these
satellite flags with the goal that one can estimation the real position, speed and time. Operation
depends on a basic numerical rule called trilateration GPS deals with the 9600 baud rate.
Qualities are first taken as GPRMC qualities.Trilateration strategy is isolated into two
classifications: 2D and 3D trilateration. The basic scientific control the GPS collector ought to
know two things.
To start with know the area of the spot to be followed by no less than three satellites over the
spot. Second one must know the separation between the spot and each of this space create. The
units that have more receptors that catch signals from a few GPS satellites in the meantime.
Radio waves are electromagnetic vitality that ventures to every part of the velocity of light. A
worldwide situating framework worked in many ways. The GPS system are used to find the
position of the automobile as they enjoyed their journey. Our Working project store the
information in GPS area system and send the data to a database or inside the GPS unit all the
time or two Way GPS.

GPS following framework will watch area and store its information on outings taking into
account certain sorts of occasions. Let see illustration, GPS framework can record information,
for example, where the unit has moved in the course of recent hours. GPS taking after structure
is every now and again store in inside memory or a memory card, which can be downloaded to a
PC at a later time for examination. Now and again, data can be thus sent over remote download
fated centers, time or can be requested at specific centers in the midst of the journey.

Triangulation :
The guideline working at back of getting data and investigate it is known as triangulation .to
triangulate GPS measure the time it take to gauge the separation of signs from satellite to earth .
it take right around 1/10 th sec to take to earth and just about 300000 km for each sec to go to
earth .when all the focuses are find by every one of the 3 or 4 satellites all these then converge at

one point successfully deciding current longitude and scope .(in principle these are 3 satellites
however in genuine there are 4 satellites ). Notwithstanding the longitude and scope beneficiary
can likewise compute the speed of the vehicle implies the rate at which the vehicle is moving.

3.2 Power Supply

An important section of the project is Power supply an also for all electronics circuits. The 220 v
50 Hz main supply is step down by transformer X1 to convert secondary output 12 v , 500mA.
Transformer output is rectified by full wave bridge rectifier consist of D1 to D4. It is than filtered
by capacitor C1. Ripples present are by passed by the capacitor C2 in regulated supply. LED1
indicates the supply and R1 usually limits the current. Power supply circuit should be shown
below

Fig 3

3.3 GSM Module :

GSM stands for global system for mobile communication.

Fig 4
GSM modem is a specialized kind of a modem which acknowledges a SIM card and works over
a membership to a portable administrator simply like a cell telephone. From a portable
administrator perspective a GSM modem just resembles a cell telephone.

GSM modem is SIM900 Quad-band GSM gadget. It is exceptionally conservative in size and
simple to use as module GSM Modem. It can be interface with 5V Microcontrollers (PIC, AVR,
Arduino, 8051, and so forth.) The baud rate can be configurable from 9600-115200 bps through
AT (Attention) summons. It is appropriate for SMS and also DATA transfer application in
cellular telephone to cell telephone interface. The modem can be interfaced with a
Microcontroller utilizing USART (Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver and
Transmitter.

 Features :

Quad Band GSM

Built in SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) Card holder.

Audio Interface Connectors (Audio in and Audio out)

Normal Operation Temperature : -20 C to +55 C

low Input Voltage

Low power consumption: 1.5mA (sleep mode)

Interfacing with microcontroller:

Interfacing with GSM module with microcontroller, it is important to watch that either
the transmit TXD and get RXD pins of GSM module and microcontroller are good with
each other or not. Most extreme information voltage to get RXD pins of GSM module is
3 volt and greatest yield voltage of transmit TXD pins of GSM module is around 2 volt.
Be that as it may, the voltage at transmit TXD and get RXD pins of pic microcontrollers
is around 4 to 5 volt. The transmit pin voltage of pic microcontroller is around 4.5 to 5
volt which is too high,So there ought to be voltage converter circuit between pic
microcontroller and GSM module. You ought to likewise check different
microcontrollers similarity with GSM module before interfacing them.

We have utilized PIC18F452 microcontroller to interface it with SIM900D GSM module.

To interface PIC18F452 microcontroller with SIM900D GSM module you just need to
associate their transmit and get sticks conversely with each other through voltage
converter circuit. By contrarily, I mean RXD pin of microcontroller interface with TXD
pin of GSM module and TXD pin of microcontroller associate with RXD pin GSM
module. We require just these two pin to send message, to get message, to make call and
to get approach GSM module through microcontroller

3.4 Microcontroller pic18F452

40 Mhz / 100 ns or 4 clocks per instruction. And is EEPROM and has a capacity of 32k for
program .And has a more data RAM of 1.5 k .EEPROM is actually electrically erasable
programmable memory and is used to store data even if the power is off,

It has 8 input A-D .and serial ports.

Fig 5
PINS DESCRIPTION :
PORT A is used as actual input and output values . TRISA is used to determine input or output
of PORTA .LATA is used to latch data to port a.

PIN 13,14 are used to give clock or oscillation.

PIN 25,26 are the most important pins as all the transmitting and receiving functions are being
performed by it . Both GPS and GSM modules are connected with these two pins with the help
of relays .

3.5 Voltage regulator

Fig 6
A voltage controller is intended to naturally keep up a consistent voltage level. It is utilize an
electromechanical instrument, or electronic segments. Contingent upon the design, it might be
utilized to manage one or more AC or DC.

3.6 RELAYS:

Relay Principles

Relay is likewise called an electromagnetic switch. Transfers utilize a low amperage

circuit to control a high amperage circuit. The low amperage circuit controls an
electromagnetic gadget. Electromagnetic gadget shut and opened the high amperage
circuit.

Fig 7

Fig 8

3.7 LCD
LCD is level board show up, electronic visual presentation, or video exhibit that uses the light
tweaking properties of fluid important stones. They don't exude light immediate. LCDs are
utilized to show subjective pictures as in a broadly profitable PC show up or settled picture
which can be showed up or disguised, for example, preset words, digits, and 7-range shows up as
in a modernized clock. They utilize the same key improvement, aside from that self-assured
pictures are included an expansive number of little pixels, while different presentations have
more prominent portions. LCDs are utilized as a part of an expansive collection of employments
including PC screens, TVs, instrument sheets, air ship.

Fig 9

3.8 Optocoupler
Most imperative element of opto coupler is their segregation. There are numerous circumstances where
signs and information should be exchanged starting with one subsystem then onto the next inside a bit of
gadgets hardware, or starting with one bit of gear then onto the next, without making a direct electrical
association.

Fig 10

3.9. Transistor
It is electronic device consist of three layers of semiconductor material. It can act as isolator and
conductor.The three layer transistor is called bipolar junction.

Two types of bipolar junction is as follows

NPN
PNP.
Regions of transistor
EMITTER
BASE
Collector

Fig 11

CHAPTER 4

4.1 Applications
The project that has been introduced here can be used for variety of applications:

Car navigation

Taskforce management/tracking
Laptop, and Handheld
Location Based Services enabled devices

4.2 FUTURE SCOPE

We can utilize EEPROM and store positions upto 256 area.Whats more can build stockpiling by
expanding memory. We can decrease space by utilizing both on a solitary board. This framework
can be utilized to decrease mishaps,
We can utilize our pack to help the movement. By keeping the units in the whole vehicles and
knowingthe areas of the considerable number of vehicles.

4.3Conclusion
This project improvesfleet management and which thus brings vast benefits. Vehicle following
both if there should be an occurrence of individual and in addition business reason enhances
wellbeing and security, correspondence medium, execution observing and expands efficiency. So
in the coming year, it will assume a noteworthy part in our everyday living. Because of this our
everyday life innovation is expanding and we can feel save by numerous.

4.4 Reference
[1] Vikram Kulkarni & Viswaprakash Babu, embedded smart car security system on face
detection, special issue of IJCCT, ISSN(Online) : 2231-0371, ISSN(Print):0975-7449,volume-3,
issue-1.
[2] Chen, H., Chiang, Y. Chang, F., H. Wang, H. (2010). Toward Real-Time Precise Point
Positioning: Differential GPS Based on IGS Ultra Rapid Product,SICE Annual Conference, The
Grand Hotel, Taipei, Taiwan August 18-21.
[3] Chen Peijiang, Jiang Xuehua, Design and Implementation of Remote monitoring system
based on GSM, vol.42, pp.167-175. 2008.
[4] Asaad M. J. Al-Hindawi, Ibraheem Talib, Experimentally Evaluation of GPS/GSM Based
System Design, Journal of Electronic Systems, Volume 2 Number, 2 June, 2012.

CHAPTER 5

5 Picture Gallery

Fig 12

Fig 13

Fig 14

Fig 15