World Bank Commodities Price Forecast (nominal US dollars)

Commodity

Unit

Energy
Coal, Australia
Crude oil, avg, spot
Natural gas, Europe
Natural gas, US
Natural gas LNG, Japan

$/mt
$/bbl
$/mmbtu
$/mmbtu
$/mmbtu

Non Energy Commodities

Agriculture
Beverages
Cocoa
Coffee, Arabica
Coffee, robusta
Tea, auctions (3), average

Released: October 20, 2015

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2024

2025

84.6
104.1
11.8
3.7
16.0

70.1
96.2
10.1
4.4
16.0

58.0
52.5
7.4
2.8
10.3

50.0
51.4
7.5
3.0
10.5

51.9
54.6
7.7
3.3
10.6

53.9
57.9
7.8
3.5
10.8

55.9
61.5
8.0
3.8
10.9

58.1
65.3
8.2
4.1
11.1

60.3
69.3
8.3
4.4
11.3

62.6
73.6
8.5
4.8
11.5

65.0
78.2
8.7
5.2
11.6

67.4
83.1
8.8
5.6
11.8

70.0
88.3
9.0
6.0
12.0

$/kg
$/kg
$/kg
$/kg

2.44
3.08
2.08
2.86

3.06
4.42
2.22
2.72

3.10
3.50
1.95
2.70

3.02
3.50
1.93
2.74

2.95
3.50
1.92
2.78

2.87
3.50
1.90
2.81

2.80
3.50
1.89
2.85

2.73
3.50
1.87
2.89

2.66
3.50
1.86
2.93

2.59
3.50
1.84
2.97

2.53
3.50
1.83
3.02

2.46
3.50
1.81
3.06

2.40
3.50
1.80
3.10

$/mt
$/mt
$/mt
$/mt
$/mt
$/mt

941
1,773
857
545
1,057
538

1,280
1,313
821
528
909
492

1,100
1,345
615
405
755
390

1,090
1,377
631
412
777
401

1,079
1,410
648
419
799
413

1,069
1,443
665
426
821
425

1,059
1,477
683
433
845
438

1,049
1,512
701
441
869
450

1,039
1,548
720
448
894
463

1,029
1,585
739
456
919
477

1,019
1,622
759
464
945
491

1,010
1,661
779
472
972
505

1,000
1,700
800
480
1,000
520

Grains
Barley
Maize
Rice, Thailand, 5%
Wheat, US, HRW

$/mt
$/mt
$/mt
$/mt

202.2
259.4
505.9
312.2

137.6
192.9
422.8
284.9

195.0
170.0
385.0
205.0

195.5
174.4
387.4
210.7

196.0
179.0
389.9
216.6

196.5
183.7
392.3
222.7

197.0
188.5
394.8
228.9

197.5
193.4
397.3
235.3

198.0
198.4
399.8
241.8

198.5
203.6
402.3
248.6

199.0
208.9
404.9
255.5

199.5
214.4
407.4
262.7

200.0
220.0
410.0
270.0

Other Food
Bananas, EU
Meat, beef
Meat, chicken
Oranges
Shrimp, Mexico
Sugar, World

$/kg
$/kg
$/kg
$/kg
$/kg
$/kg

0.92
4.07
2.29
0.97
13.84
0.39

0.93
4.95
2.43
0.78
17.25
0.37

0.97
4.55
2.50
0.65
15.40
0.29

0.96
4.51
2.47
0.68
15.14
0.29

0.96
4.48
2.44
0.70
14.89
0.30

0.95
4.44
2.41
0.73
14.64
0.31

0.95
4.41
2.38
0.76
14.39
0.32

0.94
4.37
2.35
0.79
14.15
0.33

0.94
4.34
2.32
0.82
13.91
0.34

0.93
4.30
2.29
0.85
13.68
0.35

0.93
4.27
2.26
0.88
13.45
0.36

0.92
4.23
2.23
0.91
13.22
0.37

0.92
4.20
2.20
0.95
13.00
0.38

$/cum
$/cum
$/cum

463.5
305.4
852.8

465.2
282.0
897.9

390.0
245.0
835.0

399.8
253.2
850.2

409.9
261.6
865.7

420.2
270.3
881.4

430.8
279.3
897.5

441.6
288.6
913.8

452.7
298.2
930.4

464.1
308.2
947.3

475.8
318.4
964.6

487.7
329.0
982.1

500.0
340.0
1,000.0

$/kg
$/kg
$/mt

1.99
2.79
4,589

1.83
1.96
4,991

1.55
1.58
5,000

1.61
1.66
4,948

1.66
1.75
4,896

1.72
1.83
4,844

1.78
1.93
4,794

1.85
2.03
4,743

1.91
2.13
4,694

1.98
2.24
4,645

2.05
2.35
4,596

2.12
2.47
4,548

2.20
2.60
4,500

Fertilizers
DAP
Phosphate rock
Potassium chloride
TSP
Urea, E. Europe, bulk

$/mt
$/mt
$/mt
$/mt
$/mt

444.9
148.1
379.2
382.1
340.1

472.5
110.2
297.2
388.3
316.2

469.0
117.0
300.0
385.0
275.0

466.0
114.0
301.0
381.3
275.5

463.1
111.0
302.0
377.7
276.0

460.1
108.1
303.0
374.1
276.5

457.2
105.3
304.0
370.6
277.0

454.3
102.6
305.0
367.1
277.5

451.4
100.0
306.0
363.6
278.0

448.5
97.4
307.0
360.2
278.5

445.7
94.8
308.0
356.7
279.0

442.8
92.4
309.0
353.4
279.5

440.0
90.0
310.0
350.0
280.0

Metals and Minerals

Aluminum
Copper
Iron ore
Lead
Nickel
Tin
Zinc

$/mt
$/mt
$/dmt
$/mt
$/mt
$/mt
$/mt

1,847
7,332
135
2,140
15,032
22,283
1,910

1,867
6,863
97
2,095
16,893
21,899
2,161

1,700
5,625
58
1,800
12,200
16,300
1,980

1,650
5,749
60
1,836
12,818
16,871
2,100

1,704
5,876
61
1,874
13,468
17,462
2,131

1,759
6,006
63
1,912
14,150
18,074
2,163

1,816
6,139
64
1,950
14,867
18,707
2,196

1,875
6,275
66
1,990
15,620
19,362
2,228

1,936
6,414
68
2,030
16,412
20,041
2,262

1,999
6,555
69
2,071
17,244
20,743
2,296

2,064
6,700
71
2,113
18,117
21,469
2,330

2,131
6,849
73
2,156
19,035
22,222
2,365

2,200
7,000
75
2,200
20,000
23,000
2,400

$/toz
$/toz
$/toz

1,411
23.8
1,487

1,266
19.1
1,384

1,175
16.0
1,080

1,156
16.1
1,116

1,138
16.2
1,153

1,120
16.3
1,192

1,102
16.4
1,232

1,084
16.5
1,273

1,067
16.6
1,315

1,050
16.7
1,359

1,033
16.8
1,405

1,016
16.9
1,452

1,000
17.0
1,500

Food
Oils and Meals
Coconut oil
Groundnut oil
Palm oil
Soybean meal
Soybean oil
Soybeans

Raw Materials
Timber
Logs, Cameroon
Logs, Malaysia
Sawnwood, Malaysia
Other Raw Materials
Cotton A Index
Rubber, Malaysian
Tobacco

Precious Metals
Gold
Silver
Platinum

Next update: January 2016

-1-

World Bank Commodities Price Forecast (real 2010 US dollars)

Released: October 20, 2015

Commodity

Unit

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2024

2025

Energy
Coal, Australia
Crude oil, avg, spot
Natural gas, Europe
Natural gas, US
Natural gas LNG, Japan

$/mt
$/bbl
$/mmbtu
$/mmbtu
$/mmbtu

79.7
98.1
11.1
3.5
15.0

66.2
90.9
9.5
4.1
15.1

54.9
49.7
7.0
2.7
9.7

46.5
47.7
7.0
2.8
9.7

47.4
49.9
7.0
3.0
9.7

48.5
52.1
7.1
3.2
9.7

49.5
54.5
7.1
3.4
9.7

50.6
56.9
7.1
3.6
9.7

51.7
59.4
7.1
3.8
9.7

52.8
62.1
7.2
4.0
9.7

53.9
64.9
7.2
4.3
9.7

55.0
67.8
7.2
4.5
9.6

56.1
70.8
7.2
4.8
9.6

Non Energy Commodities

Agriculture
Beverages
Cocoa
Coffee, Arabica
Coffee, robusta
Tea, auctions (3), average

$/kg
$/kg
$/kg
$/kg

2.30
2.90
1.96
2.70

2.89
4.18
2.09
2.57

2.93
3.31
1.85
2.56

2.81
3.25
1.80
2.54

2.69
3.20
1.75
2.54

2.58
3.15
1.71
2.53

2.48
3.10
1.67
2.53

2.38
3.05
1.63
2.52

2.28
3.00
1.59
2.52

2.19
2.95
1.56
2.51

2.10
2.90
1.52
2.50

2.01
2.86
1.48
2.49

1.92
2.81
1.44
2.49

$/mt
$/mt
$/mt
$/mt
$/mt
$/mt

887
1,672
808
514
996
508

1,209
1,240
776
499
859
464

1,041
1,273
582
383
715
369

1,012
1,279
587
383
721
373

986
1,288
592
383
730
378

962
1,298
599
383
739
382

937
1,308
605
384
748
387

914
1,318
611
384
757
392

891
1,328
618
385
766
398

868
1,337
624
385
776
402

846
1,346
630
385
784
407

824
1,355
636
385
793
412

802
1,363
642
385
802
417

Grains
Barley
Maize
Rice, Thailand, 5%
Wheat, US, HRW

$/mt
$/mt
$/mt
$/mt

190.6
244.6
477.0
294.4

129.9
182.2
399.4
269.1

184.6
160.9
364.4
194.0

181.6
162.1
359.9
195.8

179.1
163.6
356.3
198.0

176.7
165.2
352.9
200.3

174.4
166.9
349.6
202.6

172.1
168.5
346.2
205.0

169.8
170.2
342.9
207.4

167.5
171.8
339.5
209.8

165.1
173.4
336.0
212.1

162.8
174.9
332.4
214.3

160.4
176.4
328.8
216.5

Other Food
Bananas, EU
Meat, beef
Meat, chicken
Oranges
Shrimp, Mexico
Sugar, World

$/kg
$/kg
$/kg
$/kg
$/kg
$/kg

0.87
3.84
2.16
0.91
13.05
0.37

0.88
4.67
2.29
0.74
16.29
0.35

0.92
4.31
2.37
0.62
14.58
0.27

0.90
4.19
2.29
0.63
14.07
0.27

0.88
4.09
2.23
0.64
13.61
0.28

0.86
4.00
2.16
0.66
13.17
0.28

0.84
3.90
2.10
0.67
12.74
0.28

0.82
3.81
2.04
0.68
12.33
0.29

0.81
3.72
1.99
0.70
11.93
0.29

0.79
3.63
1.93
0.72
11.54
0.29

0.77
3.54
1.87
0.73
11.16
0.30

0.75
3.45
1.82
0.75
10.79
0.30

0.74
3.37
1.76
0.76
10.43
0.30

$/cum
$/cum
$/cum

437.1
288.0
804.1

439.3
266.4
848.1

369.1
231.9
790.3

371.4
235.2
789.9

374.6
239.1
791.2

378.0
243.1
792.8

381.4
247.3
794.6

384.8
251.5
796.3

388.3
255.8
798.0

391.6
260.0
799.3

394.8
264.3
800.5

397.9
268.5
801.3

401.0
272.7
802.0

$/kg
$/kg
$/mt

1.88
2.63
4,327

1.73
1.85
4,714

1.47
1.50
4,733

1.49
1.54
4,597

1.52
1.60
4,474

1.55
1.65
4,358

1.58
1.71
4,244

1.61
1.77
4,134

1.64
1.83
4,026

1.67
1.89
3,919

1.70
1.95
3,814

1.73
2.02
3,710

1.76
2.09
3,609

Fertilizers
DAP
Phosphate rock
Potassium chloride
TSP
Urea, E. Europe, bulk

$/mt
$/mt
$/mt
$/mt
$/mt

419.5
139.7
357.5
360.2
320.7

446.3
104.1
280.7
366.8
298.7

443.9
110.7
284.0
364.4
260.3

433.0
105.9
279.6
354.3
256.0

423.2
101.5
276.0
345.2
252.2

413.9
97.3
272.5
336.5
248.7

404.8
93.3
269.1
328.1
245.2

395.9
89.4
265.8
319.9
241.8

387.1
85.7
262.4
311.8
238.4

378.4
82.2
259.0
303.9
235.0

369.8
78.7
255.6
296.0
231.5

361.3
75.4
252.1
288.3
228.0

352.9
72.2
248.6
280.7
224.6

Metals and Minerals

Aluminum
Copper
Iron ore
Lead
Nickel
Tin
Zinc

$/mt
$/mt
$/dmt
$/mt
$/mt
$/mt
$/mt

1,741
6,913
128
2,018
14,173
21,010
1,801

1,764
6,482
92
1,979
15,955
20,683
2,041

1,609
5,324
55
1,704
11,548
15,428
1,874

1,533
5,341
55
1,706
11,909
15,674
1,951

1,557
5,371
56
1,712
12,309
15,959
1,948

1,582
5,403
56
1,720
12,728
16,257
1,946

1,608
5,435
57
1,727
13,163
16,563
1,944

1,634
5,468
57
1,734
13,612
16,873
1,942

1,660
5,501
58
1,741
14,076
17,188
1,940

1,687
5,531
59
1,748
14,550
17,502
1,937

1,713
5,560
59
1,754
15,035
17,816
1,933

1,739
5,588
60
1,759
15,531
18,131
1,929

1,764
5,614
60
1,764
16,041
18,447
1,925

$/toz
$/toz
$/toz

1,331
22.5
1,402

1,195
18.0
1,307

1,112
15.1
1,022

1,074
15.0
1,037

1,040
14.8
1,054

1,007
14.7
1,072

975
14.5
1,090

945
14.4
1,109

915
14.2
1,128

886
14.1
1,147

857
13.9
1,166

829
13.8
1,184

802
13.6
1,203

Food
Fats and Oils
Coconut oil
Groundnut oil
Palm oil
Soybean meal
Soybean oil
Soybeans

Raw Materials
Timber
Logs, Cameroon
Logs, Malaysia
Sawnwood, Malaysia
Other Raw Materials
Cotton A Index
Rubber, Malaysian
Tobacco

Precious Metals
Gold
Silver
Platinum

Next update: January 2016

-2-

World Bank Commodities Price Indicies

Released: October 20, 2015

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2024

2025

127.4
101.7
106.3
83.3
115.6
115.9
128.2
103.9
95.4
102.6
87.6
113.7
90.8
90.3
115.1

118.3
97.0
102.7
101.8
107.4
109.0
103.9
108.4
91.9
104.9
77.8
100.5
84.8
89.0
101.1

67.1
83.0
89.4
92.9
91.0
85.6
88.8
100.2
83.7
96.1
70.0
95.5
68.5
75.2
91.9

65.9
84.0
90.6
92.1
92.4
87.5
90.6
100.4
85.3
98.2
71.3
95.0
69.2
75.9
90.8

69.8
85.4
91.8
91.4
93.8
89.6
92.5
100.6
87.1
100.3
72.6
94.5
71.1
77.9
89.8

73.9
86.8
93.0
90.6
95.3
91.6
94.3
100.9
88.9
102.4
74.1
94.0
73.1
80.1
88.8

78.3
88.2
94.4
89.9
96.8
93.8
96.3
101.2
90.8
104.6
75.6
93.6
75.1
82.3
87.9

82.9
89.8
95.7
89.3
98.3
95.9
98.2
101.5
92.7
106.8
77.2
93.1
77.2
84.6
86.9

87.9
91.3
97.1
88.6
99.9
98.2
100.2
101.9
94.7
109.1
78.9
92.7
79.3
87.0
86.0

93.1
93.0
98.6
88.0
101.6
100.5
102.3
102.3
96.8
111.5
80.7
92.3
81.5
89.4
85.1

98.7
94.7
100.1
87.4
103.3
102.8
104.4
102.8
98.9
113.9
82.6
91.9
83.8
91.9
84.2

104.7
96.4
101.7
86.8
105.0
105.2
106.6
103.3
101.2
116.3
84.6
91.5
86.1
94.5
83.4

111.1
98.2
103.3
86.2
106.8
107.7
108.8
103.8
103.5
118.8
86.7
91.1
88.5
97.2
82.5

Price indices in real 2010 US dollars (2010=100) c/

Energy
120.1
Non-energy commodities
95.9
Agriculture
100.2
Beverages
78.5
Food
109.0
Fats and oils
109.3
Grains
120.9
Other food
98.0
Raw materials
90.0
Timber
96.7
Other Raw Materials
82.6
Fertilizers
107.2
Metals and minerals a/
85.6
Base Metals b/
85.2
Precious Metals
108.5

111.7
91.6
97.0
96.1
101.4
103.0
98.1
102.3
86.8
99.0
73.5
94.9
80.1
84.1
95.5

63.5
78.6
84.6
87.9
86.2
81.0
84.1
94.8
79.2
91.0
66.3
90.4
64.8
71.1
87.0

61.2
78.0
84.1
85.6
85.8
81.3
84.2
93.3
79.3
91.2
66.2
88.2
64.3
70.5
84.4

63.8
78.0
83.9
83.5
85.7
81.8
84.5
92.0
79.6
91.7
66.4
86.4
65.0
71.2
82.1

66.5
78.1
83.7
81.5
85.7
82.4
84.9
90.7
79.9
92.1
66.6
84.6
65.7
72.1
79.9

69.3
78.1
83.5
79.6
85.7
83.0
85.2
89.6
80.3
92.6
66.9
82.9
66.5
72.9
77.8

72.3
78.2
83.4
77.8
85.7
83.6
85.6
88.5
80.8
93.1
67.3
81.2
67.3
73.7
75.8

75.4
78.3
83.3
76.0
85.7
84.2
86.0
87.4
81.2
93.6
67.7
79.5
68.0
74.6
73.8

78.6
78.4
83.2
74.2
85.7
84.8
86.3
86.3
81.7
94.1
68.1
77.9
68.8
75.4
71.8

81.9
78.6
83.1
72.5
85.7
85.3
86.7
85.3
82.1
94.5
68.6
76.3
69.5
76.3
69.9

85.5
78.7
83.0
70.8
85.7
85.9
87.0
84.2
82.6
94.9
69.0
74.7
70.3
77.1
68.0

89.1
78.8
82.9
69.2
85.7
86.4
87.3
83.2
83.0
95.3
69.6
73.1
71.0
77.9
66.2

Inflation indices, 2010=100 d/

MUV index e/
% change per annum
US GDP deflator
% change per annum

105.9
(0.2)
106.9
1.3

105.7
(0.2)
108.5
1.6

107.6
1.9
110.7
2.0

109.4
1.7
113.0
2.0

111.2
1.6
115.3
2.0

112.9
1.6
117.6
2.0

114.8
1.6
120.0
2.0

116.6
1.6
122.4
2.0

118.5
1.6
124.9
2.0

120.5
1.7
127.4
2.0

122.6
1.7
130.0
2.0

124.7
1.7
132.6
2.0

Price indices in nominal US dollars (2010=100)

Energy
Non-energy commodities
Agriculture
Beverages
Food
Fats and oils
Grains
Other food
Raw materials
Timber
Other Raw Materials
Fertilizers
Metals and minerals a/
Base Metals b/
Precious Metals

106.1
(1.4)
105.4
1.5

Notes:
Next update: January 2016
a/ Base metals plus iron ore
b/ Includes aluminum, copper, lead, nickel, tin and zinc
c/ Real price indices are computed from unrounded data and deflated by the MUV index.
d/ Inflation indices for 2013-2025 are projections
e/ Unit value index of manufacture exports (MUV) in US dollar terms for fifteen countries (Brazil, Canada, China, Germany, F rance, India, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Republic of
Korea, South Africa, Spain, Thailand, United Kingdom, and United States).

Description of Price Series

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Description of Price Series

Coal (Australia), thermal, f.o.b. piers, Newcastle/Port Kembla, 6,700 kcal/kg, 90 days forward delivery beginning year 2011; for period 2002-2010, 6,300 kc/kg (11,340 btu/lb); prior to year 2002,
6,667 kcal/kg (12,000 btu/lb).
Crude oil, average price of Brent, Dubai and West Texas Intermediate, equally weighed.
Natural Gas (Europe), average import border price, including UK. As of April 2010 includes a spot price component. Between June 2000 - March 2010 excludes UK.
Natural Gas (U.S.), spot price at Henry Hub, Louisiana.
Natural gas LNG (Japan), import price, cif, recent two months' averages are estimates.
Cocoa (ICCO), International Cocoa Organization daily price, average of the first three positions on the terminal markets of New York and London, nearest three future trading months.
Coffee (ICO), International Coffee Organization indicator price, other mild Arabicas, average New York and Bremen/Hamburg markets, ex-dock.
Coffee (ICO), International Coffee Organization indicator price, Robustas, average New York and Le Havre/Marseilles markets,ex-dock. Tea, average three auctions, arithmetic average of quotations
at Kolkata, Colombo and Mombasa/Nairobi.

Coconut oil (Philippines/Indonesia), bulk, c.i.f. Rotterdam. Copra (Philippines/Indonesia), bulk, c.i.f. N.W. Europe.
Groundnut oil (any origin), c.i.f. Rotterdam.
Palm oil (Malaysia), 5% bulk, c.i.f. N. W. Europe.
Soybean meal (any origin), Argentine 45/46% extraction, c.i.f. Rotterdam beginning 1990; previously US 44%.
Soybean oil (Any origin), crude, f.o.b. ex-mill Netherlands.
Soybeans (US), c.i.f. Rotterdam.
Barley (US) feed, No. 2, spot, 20 days To-Arrive, delivered Minneapolis from May 2012 onwards; during 1980 - 2012 April Canadian, feed, Western No. 1, Winnipeg Commodity Exchange, spot,
wholesale farmers' price.
Maize (US), no. 2, yellow, f.o.b. US Gulf ports.
Rice (Thailand), 5% broken, white rice (WR), milled, indicative price based on weekly surveys of export transactions, government standard, f.o.b. Bangkok.
Wheat (US), no. 1, hard red winter, ordinary protein, export price delivered at the US Gulf port for prompt or 30 days shipment.
Bananas (Central & South America), major brands, free on truck (f.o.t.) Southern Europe, including duties; prior to October2006, f.o.t. Hamburg.
Meat, beef (Australia/New Zealand), chucks and cow forequarters, frozen boneless, 85% chemical lean, c.i.f. U.S. port (East Coast), ex-dock, beginning November 2002; previously cow forequarters.
Meat, chicken (US), broiler/fryer, whole birds, 2-1/2 to 3 pounds, USDA grade "A", ice-packed, Georgia Dock preliminary weighted average, wholesale.
Meat, sheep (New Zealand), frozen whole carcasses Prime Medium (PM) wholesale, Smithfield, London beginning January 2006; previously Prime Light (PL).
Oranges (Mediterranean exporters) navel, EEC indicative import price, c.i.f. Paris.
Shrimp , (Mexico), west coast, frozen, white, No. 1, shell-on, headless, 26 to 30 count per pound, wholesale price at New York.
Sugar (world), International Sugar Agreement (ISA) daily price, raw, f.o.b. and stowed at greater Caribbean ports.

Logs (West Africa), sapele, high quality (loyal and marchand), 80 centimeter or more, f.o.b. Douala, Cameroon beginning January 1996; previously of unspecified dimension.
Logs (Malaysia), meranti, Sarawak, sale price charged by importers, Tokyo beginning February 1993; previously average of Sabah and Sarawak weighted by Japanese import volumes.
Sawnwood (Malaysia), dark red seraya/meranti, select and better quality, average 7 to 8 inches; length average 12 to 14 inches; thickness 1 to 2 inch(es); kiln dry, c. & f. UK ports, with 5% agents
commission including premium for products of certified sustainable forest beginning January 2005; previously excluding the premium.
Cotton (Cotton Outlook "Cotlook A index"), middling 1-3/32 inch, traded in Far East, C/F beginning 2006; previously Northern Europe, c.i.f.
Rubber (Asia), RSS3 grade, Singapore Commodity Exchange Ltd (SICOM) nearby contract beginning 2004; during 2000 to 2003, Singapore RSS1; previously Malaysia RSS1.
DAP (diammonium phosphate), standard size, bulk, spot, f.o.b. US Gulf.
Phosphate rock (Morocco), 70% BPL, contract, f.a.s. Casablanca.
Potassium chloride (muriate of potash), standard grade, spot, f.o.b. Vancouver.
TSP (triple superphosphate), bulk, spot, beginning October 2006, Tunisian origin, granular, fob; previously US origin, f.o.b.US Gulf.
Urea, (Black Sea), bulk, spot, f.o.b. Black Sea (primarily Yuzhnyy) beginning July 1991; for 1985-91 (June) f.o.b. Eastern Europe.
Aluminum (LME) London Metal Exchange, unalloyed primary ingots, high grade, minimum 99.7% purity, settlement price beginning2005; previously cash price.
Copper (LME), grade A, minimum 99.9935% purity, cathodes and wire bar shapes, settlement price. Iron ore (any origin) fines, spot price, c.f.r. China, 62% Fe beginning December 2008; previously
63.5%.
Lead (LME), refined, 99.97% purity, settlement price.
Nickel (LME), cathodes, minimum 99.8% purity, settlement price beginning 2005; previously cash price.
Tin (LME), refined, 99.85% purity, settlement price.
Zinc (LME), high grade, minimum 99.95% purity, settlement price beginning April 1990; previously special high grade, minimum 99.995%, cash prices .
Gold (UK), 99.5% fine, London afternoon fixing, average of daily rates.
Platinum (UK), 99.9% refined, London afternoon fixing.
Silver (UK), 99.9% refined, London afternoon fixing; prior to July 1976 Handy & Harman. Grade prior to 1962 unrefined silver.

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