Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Acknowledgement
We would first like to thank Save The Children International Cte dIvoire for its support
throughout the different phases of this project. Their advices have helped us in improving our
knowledge for the conduct of a project of this magnitude. We particularly thank Dr Semd
and Dr Mahan for their full involvement during our stay in Ivory Coast.
We are also grateful to SIDA SOS Belgium for their support and information provided that
helped us during the awareness campaigns.
Enable us to say thanks to the students in Ivory Coast and the schools staff, who granted us a
warm welcome and accepted to share with us details about their knowledge on AIDS. We
really hope more actions will be taken to inform and protect them from this incurable disease.
We will never be enough grateful to all people who have participated in the realization of this
project, especially the donors. We thank them for their investment as this has helped many
teenagers to be more informed on HIV
We are grateful to Mrs Durand Delga for her assistance in the conduct of our project.
1|Give a Chance
Contents
Acknowledgement .................................................................................................................................. 1
Background ......................................................................................................................................... 4
Empirical analysis ................................................................................................................................ 5
Interest in AIDS issue in Ivory Coast ................................................................................................... 5
Students Awareness actions in France ............................................................................................... 5
Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 6
1.
1.2.
1.2.1.
1.2.2.
1.2.3.
1.2.4.
1.3.
2.
3.
Implementation .................................................................................................................... 14
Methodology......................................................................................................................... 17
2.2.
Data on awareness................................................................................................................ 17
2.2.1.
2.2.2.
2.2.3.
2.2.4.
2.2.5.
Achievements........................................................................................................................ 24
3.2.
Limits ..................................................................................................................................... 24
2|Give a Chance
Project description
Area of intervention
Duration (preparation)
Duration (Implementation)
The pre-mission period has lasted for 4 months. During this period, we have worked on the
feasibility of the project. We with the support of Save The Children have prepared a draft
protocol that constituted the heart of our mission (Cf Appendix D). In this draft we defined
the context and the objectives of our intervention.
3|Give a Chance
In order to clearly plan our activities, we have at the beginning of our work formulated one
general objective and three main specific goals to reach. These are summarized in the
following table:
Overall objective
Specific objectives
Provide information to young
people about HIV / AIDS
Planned activities
Organize awareness sessions for
students in the 5 selected schools
Distribute brochures.
Background
The crisis of 2011 in Ivory Coast has affected many families, with many orphans infected by
HIV. This crisis has amplified the level of contaminated people, which was already
considerable. Conscious of this fact, on May 19th 2015, Save The Children has launch the
project named REVE (Ressources pour llimination de la vulnrabilit des enfants) in order
to take care of infected people and vulnerable orphans children.
Abidjan and Abengourou being among the regions where there is the higher number of
infected people, we have decided with Save The Children to conduct awareness campaigns in
high schools for teenagers to be more informed on this topic in these regions.
4|Give a Chance
and
Empirical analysis
This field mission has been conducted in two regions but three towns Abidjan, Abengourou
and Niabl. We have met high schools students and exchange with them and they answered a
questionnaire of 15 questions. Based on their answers, we have made a quantitative analysis
to evaluate the level of awareness with a differentiation between girls and boys and also
between teenagers of the capital Abidjan and of Abengourou and Niabl.
5|Give a Chance
Introduction
Globally, an estimated 40 million people were living with HIV/AIDS at the end of 2005.
More than 10 million of them are young people aged 15 to 24 years. Half of the 4.2 million
new infections in adults in 2005 occurred in this age group. Each day 5 0006 000 new
infections occur among young people.
Sub-Saharan Africa contains almost two thirds of all young people living with HIV or AIDS
(6.2 million); 76% of them are female (Figure 1). The region with the second highest
prevalence is Asia, which has an estimated 2.2 million young people who are living with the
Virus. The regions where young people account for the biggest share of the overall number of
infections are Eastern Europe and Central Asia, where nearly half of adults living with HIV
or AIDS (600 000/1.3 million) are younger than 25 years; most of them are male.
The AIDS epidemic is a major public health emergency, and young people are bearing the
main brunt of new infections worldwide. There is an urgent need to work towards a
consensus on what should be done in order to meet the internationally accepted goals for the
prevention of HIV among young people that were defined at the United Nations General
Assembly Special Session on HIV/AIDS (UNGASS) in 2001. These global goals give
specific targets for improving access to information, skills and services; reducing
vulnerability; and reducing HIV prevalence.
With an estimated population of 21 million people and an overall adult HIV prevalence of
3.4%, Cte dIvoire is among the most affected countries in sub-Saharan Africa with respect
to the HIV pandemic. Approximately 450,000 people are currently living with HIV and in
2009 alone, the most recent year for which estimates are available, 36,000 individuals died as
a result of AIDS. Children under the age of 15 have been particularly vulnerable to the
epidemic, with approximately 63,000 children testing HIV-positive and 440,000 children
have lost at least one parent to AIDS in 2009.
Therefore, we decide at our level to contribute to more awareness in this country with great
potential. Our mission consists of campaigns conducted in high schools with questionnaires
to answer and informative flyers distributed.
6|Give a Chance
7|Give a Chance
While HIV prevalence rates in urban settings as compared with rural settings only showed
marginal differences (5.4 % versus 4.1%), the epidemic was especially severe in certain
geographic pockets in the country. To illustrate, in the northwestern part of Cte dIvoire,
prevalence is approximately 1.7%. However, prevalence is almost 5.5% in the southeastern
part of the country, which includes the commercial capital of Abidjan, a major city with the
highest prevalence rate in the country at 6.1%.
As part of our master Development Economics and International Projects Management, we
are driven to achieve a field mission Give a Chance & Save the Children Campaign against
HIV/AIDS in Ivory Coast. The aim is to inquire into the method of conducting a
humanitarian project in a developing country. A clear understanding of the situation of young
people and their needs is required to design and successfully implement interventions to stem
the tide of infections among young people. It is in this perspective that our project was
implemented. Before we gathered the information, the scale of the response required and the
focus and relative urgency of the interventions remained unknown to us. Governments must
strategically target their resources to interventions that respond to the specific situation in
their country.
8|Give a Chance
Figure 1: Worldwide prevalence of HIV among young women and men aged 1524 years.
(The size of the pie chart indicates the size of the population affected)
9|Give a Chance
1.1.
10 | G i v e a C h a n c e
1.2.
HIV has a relatively higher impact on children; those impacts are direct and indirect. The
direct impact comprises child mortality and indirect impact concerns social and economic
perspective. Millions of children became orphans due to HIV/AIDS, as a result most of them
dropped out from school and finally low education causes lower income. There are also other
impacts, but the above mentioned are more important and for these reasons we concretely
establish this project named Give a Chance. The principal objective of the project is to raise
awareness which increases the ability to protect thems (Child) from HIV/AIDS epidemic;
give a chance to the children to grow up blooming in a wonderful, HIV/AIDS free world.
11 | G i v e a C h a n c e
Save the Children is the world's leading independent organization for children. They
work in around 120 countries. They improve through their activities children's lives; they
fight for child's rights. Their mission is to realize immediate and long run changes in
children lives.
SIDA SOS
Sida'sos is a non-profit association created for youth, by youth. Its mission is to educate
young people to the AIDS virus and Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) on the basis
of dialogue to change attitudes and improve behavior in the long term.
Then, since the success of our project depended on peoples willingness to participate
financially, for that we have created the Facebook page and the website. These two web
pages were complementary because some people only used one of them to stay informed
about our project. As a result, we got some financial support for our project.
12 | G i v e a C h a n c e
AMOUNT
RESOURCES
Food costs
450,00
200,00
250,00
Purchasing of chocolate
100,00
Sub Total
Cash balance
TOTAL
AMOUNT
1 030
2 620
3 650
3 650 TOTAL
3 650
As shown in the financial statement, the field mission costs have been covered by both,
personal contribution and donation. The website we have created has helped us in raising
funds for our mission. The financing granted takes the form of account credited and also the
payment of accommodation fees for our stay.
13 | G i v e a C h a n c e
1.3.
Implementation
We share here the details on the implementation of our two weeks mission in Abidjan,
Abengourou & Niabl.
We arrived at Abidjan, the capital of Ivory Coast the night of March 13th. On Monday 14th
March we have directly started our mission. In the morning we have participated to the
weekly meeting of Save the Children Cte dIvoire (SCI-CI) along with the staff in Abidjan
Offices. We had a security debriefing as the country has been attacked by terrorism the day
before.
Following that, we have travelled to Abengourou which is at around 230km of Abidjan in the
east of Ivory Coast.
14 | G i v e a C h a n c e
Once there, in the beginning of the afternoon, we had a meeting with the Director of SCI-CI
Abengourou. Following that, we have gone for our first intervention in Collge Amoikon
DIHYE. This intervention was preceded by a brief interview of 5 minutes with the school
administrative staff. We then presented ourselves to the students, we explained them our
project and distributed them the questionnaires we had prepared. 15 minutes later we have
taken back the answered questionnaires and responded to the students questions on
SIDA/VIH. Our intervention was done under the supervision of our partner SCI-CI. The
questions of the students concerned also the studies perspectives in France as they showed an
interest in pursuing their studies in France after obtaining the Baccalaureate. After the
discussions, we have distributed some chocolates to all students and gave some reward to
those who gave the best answers and this was done in a joyful ambiance. Then, we have
handed over some tee-shirts to the students responsibles. We have gone back to our hotel at
around 7 p.m.
In the morning of March 15th we have gone to a town called Niable located at 30 km from
Abengourou. We have conducted our activity in Lyce Nanan Kouakou Kouahoin the same
way than in the previous school. We then came back in Abengourou at around 12 a.m. and
15 | G i v e a C h a n c e
realized the same activity in lyce Moderne Abengourou. Then at 3 p.m we did a debriefing
of our mission to the Director of Abengourou. We came back to Abidjan the same afternoon.
On Wednesday 16th March morning, we have conducted the same activity in Lyce Moderne
dAngr.
On Thursday 17th March, we realized our activity with the student of 2nd, 1re & Terminale of
the private school Thanon Namanko.
On Friday 18th we have taken a break and visited some places in Abidjan.
On Monday 21st we started the data counting and started the analysis.
On Thursday 22nd morning, we made the presentation of our mission and of the results to the
Head of REVE Project and to the staff of SCI-CI. They appreciated our work and reaffirm the
importance of sensitization in schools in Ivory Coast. They provided us some advices for our
report writing.
16 | G i v e a C h a n c e
2.1.
Methodology
We have prepared a questionnaire of 15 questions about HIV and STD basic knowledge for
the students, who answered before we delivered our HIV/STD awareness speech. All
questions were open questions, with an equal weight of 1, total marks being 15 (table 3). We
gave them 20 minutes to answer all the questions. Then we have evaluated their answers
using mean because it helps us in assessing on an average the HIV awareness for male and
female.
2.2.
Data on awareness
We have met 393 students from8 classes of 6 academic organizations, in which 198 persons
were female and 195 persons were male (figure 7 and table 4).
The questions asked are summarized in the following table but the full questions are in the
appendix B:
Question
Weight
01
02
03
For better protection, can I use the male condom at the same time 1
Number
05
06
07
08
17 | G i v e a C h a n c e
09
11
12
13
14
15
1
15
TOTAL
The level of participation was different from one college to the other as shows the following
figure:
91
73
59
42
50
36
28
14
The numbers of male and female students met were almost the same. This gives more credit
to our interpretation based on gender, though this criterion is not exhaustive.
18 | G i v e a C h a n c e
STUDENTS' GENDER
Male; 195
Gender
Female; 198
Total; 393
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
Data Analysis
19 | G i v e a C h a n c e
Percentage of Good
Answers
63%
0,1
0,2
FEMALE
0,3
MALE
0,4
0,5
0,6
0,7
But looking more in details into the result, as shown in the table 6, the male students mean of
knowledge about HIV/STD was 12.52 where female students knowledge was 12.47,
suggesting that on average, male students have slightly better basic knowledge than female
students. This might be explained by the fact that male teenagers are earlier interested by
questions on sex compared to female and therefore they make more research on this topic.
Number of students
Female
12.47
198
Male
12.52
195
Total
12.49
393
From these analyses, we would like to recommend more attention to be paid to improve the
situation and knowledge about HIV/SIDA among all students, both girls and boys.
21 | G i v e a C h a n c e
SCHOOLS
T NAMAKO Seconde A2
KJ ABENGOUROU
T NAMAKO 1ERE A&C
T NAMAKO Seconde C
LYCEE ANGRE
LYCEE d'ABENGOUROU
T NAMAKO Terminale
LYCEE NIABLE
TOTAL
The following figure illustrates the percentage of correct answers for each class.
54,00%
56,00%
58,00%
60,00%
62,00%
64,00%
66,00%
68,00%
LYCEE NIABLE
T NAMAKO Terminale
LYCEE d'ABENGOUROU
LYCEE ANGRE
T NAMAKO Seconde C
KJ ABENGOUROU
T NAMAKO Seconde A2
The public opinion may sometimes believe that people of the capital are more informed and
cultivated than others. But our sample though small reveals the opposite. Still the awareness
is needed both in Abidjan and in the other counterparts of the country.
22 | G i v e a C h a n c e
Male
female
23 | G i v e a C h a n c e
Achievements
We have been able to organize awareness sessions with the help of our partner (Save the
children international). This enabled children to know the routes of transmission and
prevention methods and accordingly adopt responsible behavior. Today these teenager know
that HIV / AIDS is transmitted by means other than sexual one, that AIDS is incurable; they
have a reservation to touch the bleeding wounds of their comrades and refuse to share sharp
objects used by othersetc
We have reached 393 students and exchanged basic knowledge about HIV and STD. It is
expected that, those 393 students will exchange their knowledge with other students and their
families and it will be continued. But the real impact will depend on the continuity of such
project each year. We really hope that most of our recommendations will be followed for the
welfare of teenagers in Ivory Coast.
This report has come up with great findings that can help NGOs and other stakeholders to
emphasize on the need of awareness and therefore raise funds for this sake.
On our concern, we know how to conduct a project from the preparation to the
implementation. The expertise of Save The Children has helped us in gaining experience in
the field. We have decided to contact the next promotion Master DEIPM students in order to
show them the importance of AIDS awareness in high schools. We will encourage them in
conducting another activity of this kind and will be available to share our experience and
knowledge with them.
3.2.
Limits
This study is based on our observation and on the data collected during our two weeks field
mission in Ivory Coast. We were unfortunately unable to cover all the main regions of Ivory
Coast to reach a larger audience. Our interpretations and conclusions are thus solely based on
it. The relatively short time of observation and our restricted sample may affect our
conclusions but still the need of more awareness for teenagers cannot be denied.
Unfortunately, we did not raised more funds, so we lacked some sensitization tools like audio
visual. Also we could not distribute more sensitization tools.
24 | G i v e a C h a n c e
Since November 2015, we have prepared our field mission with Save The Children. The four
months preparation period helped in refining our project and clearly defining the objectives.
It was important to set a realizable goal considering the time and resources constraints.
We have chosen Abidjan and Abengourou for our intervention as these towns are among the
zones where they are the highest levels of infected people. The relatively short distance
between the two regions has also facilitated the implementation.
The campaigns have involved the staff of Save The Children, college staff and also almost
four hundred students.
Through our project named Give a Chance, we have tried to raise the awareness of HIV/
AIDS and other Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD). The campaigns conducted in Abidjan,
Abengourou and Niabl helped in sharing information about AIDS prevention. The students
we exchanged with were very interested in receiving knowledge on this matter. It is
important to increase the implementation of these kinds of actions in Abengourou and
Abidjan where the rate of HIV infected people is high but also throughout the whole country.
Our analysis showed that girls are less informed as compared to boys. A particular attention
should then be given to young girls. Indeed not only they are vulnerable but also they could
be the reason of high infection spread because of pregnancy.
Data collected reveals that there are some taboos and insufficient communication on AIDS
issue. It is true that in the Ivorian culture, the topic on sex is not widely addressed in the
families. But the lack of knowledge itself could increase the level of infections. Therefore,
raising awareness in schools is vital as school is the main place where they can discuss freely
on this topic and get all the information required. This does not mean that we discourage
young people in practicing abstinence; we rather encourage them on this path to focus at this
age on their study. But it is better for them to be aware of the consequence magnitude of their
actions to prevent them from the worst. The more informed they are the more conscious they
are and the more they will think before taking a decision.
25 | G i v e a C h a n c e
These kinds of project that have been used to raise awareness about HIV and Sexually
Transmitted Diseases is to encourage but it is not enough to simply have one education
project that goes to schools, although this can make a big difference. They must be able to get
support and information and get easy access to prevention measures like testing, and
counseling.
At the end of our journey, we are sure that campaigns should be held not only in high schools
but also in universities, which concentrate the main part of the youth. This is also important
because many students of universities have their partners in high schools. A good
sensitization of all may result in a drastic rise on awareness.
Finally, all the population should be involved in this process. The more parents are informed
of the consequence of ignorance, the more they will share and discuss with their children to
protect them from Sexually Transmitted Diseases. The more the government is involved,
budget will be allocated for this awareness sake. If schools staff are themselves more
knowledgeable, they will surely take steps to inform their students on the consequences of
risky behaviors.
At the end of this project we have a feeling of non achievement because we discover how
these teenagers were in need of information. But we remain positive as we are sure that steps
will be taken to improve communication on AIDS.
26 | G i v e a C h a n c e
Recommendations
Our field mission has revealed that steps are already taken for more HIV awareness but there
are a lot to be done in high schools.
The real spread of awareness will depend on the continuity of such kinds of projects as
frequent as necessary in Ivory Coast. Therefore for more attention to be given towards these
teenagers, we make some recommendations.
The recommendations we formulate are on three levels : Government, Save The Children and
high schools.
Government
Build organizational capacity to deliver HIV/ STD services through staff recruitment
Encourage the sharing of information about rights and responsibilities of persons with
HIV regarding confidentiality, privacy, protection from discrimination, and partner
notification
Collaborate more with HIV prevention service providers (e.g.; Save the Children,
SIDASOS) and community organizations to support adequate coverage for HIV
prevention and care services
Promote HIV training in all academic organizations for non-HIV specialists and task
sharing (e.g., training physicians, nurses, pharmacists, and health educators to provide
adherence support)
Promote initiatives to expand access to HIV prevention and care, particularly health
insurance or medical assistance programs that offer primary care and skilled provider
networks to access HIV prevention tools
27 | G i v e a C h a n c e
Promote the access to information (in video format, maybe drama will be best
medium to increase the visibility of those video among all students) about basic facts
like modes of transmission of HIV/AIDS should be made available to the students as
well as to the general public. Those video could include the following information:
a. general awareness about the disease
b. awareness about the impact of the disease
c. provides information about how to prevent the spread of the disease; and
d. clarifies misconceptions about the disease.
Increase the number of AIDS awareness campaigns in high schools and cover all the
towns of Ivory Coast
Initiate one week campaign per year in all the universities of Ivory Coast, with
discussion time, quiz, conferences, distribution of condoms, projection of films, etc.
On each 1st December, the world day of fight against AIDS, information should be
given to students. Professor could before that day tell students that they will be
questioned on this topic, to get more attention from them.
28 | G i v e a C h a n c e
References
3. UNAIDS, UNICEF, WHO. National AIDS programs: a guide to indicators for monitoring
and evaluating national HIV/AIDS prevention programs for young people. Geneva,
UNAIDS, 2004.
4. http://news.abidjan.net/h/511796.html , 2014, consulted on 14/01/2016
5. http://news.abidjan.net/h/552084.html , 2015, consulted on 01/02/2016
6. http://media.education.gouv.fr/file/sida/24/8/manuel_operation_plv_39248.pdf , consulted
on 15/03/2016
7.http://eduscol.education.fr/cid45613/prevention-du-sida-et-des-infections-sexuellementtransmissibles-ist.html , consulted on 15/03/2016
29 | G i v e a C h a n c e
Appendix
Appendix A: Implementation Timeline
Hour
Activities
Responsible
Type of activity
Day 1 : Sunday 13 march 2016 : Arrival from Paris of the 4 participants to the mission
Day 2 : Monday 14 march 2016 : Save The Children Abidjan & Abengourou
8h00
Dr Mahan
Welcome
8h 30-9h00
Security Meeting
Staff Meeting in
Save the children
9h00-9h-30
Security Meeting
9h30-10h-00
Como Fatou
Tools checking
10h 00 -13h
Travelling to Abengourou
Como Fatou
GoingTrip
13h -13h 30
Break
13h 30-14h 30
14h 30 -15h 00
15h 00 -17h00
Mission Team
Discussions
17h 00
8h30 10h
Mission Team
Discussions
10h 30 11h
Team SCI - CI
30 | G i v e a C h a n c e
responsibles
11h -12h 30
Mission Team
Discussions
15 h
Abengourou
Office
Feedback to the
Office Chief
Abengourou
15h
Mission Team
Discussions
Team SCI - CI
11h00-12h-45
Mission Team
Discussions
13h
Team SCI - CI
7h30 8h30
Mission Team
Discussions
9h 9h45
Mission Team
Discussions
10h 10h45
Mission Team
Discussions
11h
31 | G i v e a C h a n c e
QUESTIONNAIRE
Veuillez sil vous plait cocher la ou les bonnes rponses
1."Sropositif" pour le VIH signifie :
Porteur du virus du SIDA (VIH) avec ou sans signe de la maladie
Porteur du VIH mais qui ne peut pas le transmettre une autre personne
2.Trouvez toutes les IST (Infection Sexuellement Transmissible)
La syphilis
La chlamydiae
L'hpatite A
Le VIH
Le condylome
L'herps gnital
ces
L'hpatite A
32 | G i v e a C h a n c e
hpatites
est
une
IST
(Infection
sexuellement
L'hpatite B
L'hpatite C
6. Existe t-il un risque de contamination de la mre enceinte l'enfant ?
Vrai
Faux
7. O peut on faire un test de dpistage du SIDA et des IST ?
Dans un laboratoire
Dans un centre de dpistage volontaire (CDV)
A lhpital
8. Lorsqu'on pense avoir pris un risque :
On attend des signes de la maladie
On se lave l'eau trs chaude pour liminer le virus
On se rend dans un hpital le plus rapidement possible pour valuer la
possibilit de prendre un traitement d'urgence
9. Le VIH est une Infection Sexuellement Transmissible (comme l'herps
gnital, l'hpatite B, le chlamydia...), en gnral :
On les remarques rapidement : on sait donc quand il faut consulter
Les IST, ce n'est pas grave !
Ca ne se voit pas toujours : il faut donc consulter un mdecin et/ou se faire
dpister aprs une relation sans capote
10. On ne peut pas tre contamin par le VIH-SIDA/ IST, si
La fille prend une pilule contraceptive
La fille utilise un spermicide
La fille ou le garon utilise une capote
Vous tes vierges
Le garon se retire avant d'jaculer
33 | G i v e a C h a n c e
REPONSES
A utiliser pour lvaluation du questionnaire, les bonnes rponses sont en vert
L'hpatite A
Le VIH
Le condylome
L'herps gnital
35 | G i v e a C h a n c e
5. Laquelle de
Transmissible) ?
ces
hpatites
est
une
IST
(Infection
sexuellement
L'hpatite A
L 'hpatite B
L'hpatite C
6. Existe t-il un risque de contamination de la mre enceinte l'enfant ?
Vrai
Faux
7. O peut on faire un test de dpistage du SIDA et des IST ?
Dans un laboratoire
Dans un centre de dpistage volontaire (CDV)
A lhpital
8. Lorsqu'on pense avoir pris un risque :
On attend des signes de la maladie
On se lave l'eau trs chaude pour liminer le virus
On se rend dans un hpital le plus rapidement possible pour valuer la
possibilit de prendre un traitement d'urgence
9. Le VIH est une Infection Sexuellement Transmissible (comme l'herps
gnital, l'hpatite B, le chlamydia...), en gnral :
On les remarques rapidement : on sait donc quand il faut consulter
Les IST, ce n'est pas grave !
Ca ne se voit pas toujours : il faut donc consulter un mdecin et/ou se faire
dpister aprs une relation sans capote
10. On ne peut pas tre contamin par le VIH-SIDA/ IST, si
La fille prend une pilule contraceptive
La fille utilise un spermicide
36 | G i v e a C h a n c e
38 | G i v e a C h a n c e
39 | G i v e a C h a n c e
40 | G i v e a C h a n c e
41 | G i v e a C h a n c e
42 | G i v e a C h a n c e
43 | G i v e a C h a n c e
1|Give a Chance
2|Give a Chance