INTELLIGENT

TRANSPORT SYSTEM
SUBMITTED BY
M.MIDHUN MENAN
P.NARAYANA SELVAN
SECOND CIVIL
PSN COLLEGE OF ENGG & TECH.
TIRUNELVELI 628 152
might2n@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT
Utilization of Intelligent Transport System (ITS) in road development process.
ITS is a system which intelligently handle the transportation. ITS is intended for
advances in navigation systems by building an integrated system of people, roads and
vehicles utilizing advanced data communication technological
Scope of ITS will contribute greatly to finding solutions to the problems facing
today's road transport, such as traffic accidents and traffic congestion. It mainly considers
the safety, transport efficiency, significant improvement in comfort and environmental
conservation and improved the quality of life. the realization of a system to reduce the
driver's work load is needed and coordination of traffic with comfort and improved
efficiency.
ITS is implemented by means of traffic signal systems including computercontrolled systems, road markings, road signs and enforcement devices (camera),the
Green Link Determining (GLIDE) System controls all traffic signals along arterial
roads,GPS is fixed on the car and Expressway Monitoring Advisory System(EMAS),
Electronic regulatory Sign(ERS), Junction Electronic Eyes (J-Eyes).

INDEX
CONTENTS

PAGENO

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.0

1.1General
1.2Concept
1.3Road transport problems
2.0 ROLE OF ITS

3.0

3.0 TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT

4.0

3.1Traffic management policy

3.2Traffic research
3.3Traffic management
3.4Traffic control devices
3.5Traffic regulations
3.6Parking management
4.0 IMPLEMENTATION OF ITS

6.0

4.1GLIDE System
4.2Traffic scan
4.3EMAS

4.4Electronic regulatory sign

4.5Junction Electronic Eyes
4.6Parking Guidance System
4.7Signalised Pedestrian Crossings
5.0 ITS Centre

10.0

6.0 Conclusion

11.0

REFERENCES
1.www.smarttravel.ie
2.www.global industry analysts.com
3.Journals of ITS by Taylor&Francis (vol 14)

INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEM

Introduction
In the developing world, the migration of people from rural to urbanized habitats
has progressed differently. Many areas of the developing world have urbanized without
significant motorization and the formation of subrubs.A small portion of the population
can afford automobiles, but the automobiles greatly increase the congestion in these
multimodal transportation systems. They also produce a considerable amount of air
pollution, pose a significant safety risk, and exacerbate feelings of inequities in the
society.
The urban infrastructure is being rapidly developed, providing an opportunity to
build new systems that incorporate ITS at early stages. ITS will contribute greatly to
finding solutions to the problems facing today's road transport, such as traffic accidents
and traffic congestion. At the same time, ITS is expected to play a primary role in
expanding and creating new markets for auto and data communication-related industries.
GENERAL:
The Intelligent Transport Systems(hereafter called ITS) is intended for advances
in navigation systems, establishment of electronic toll collection, assistance for safe
driving, optimization of traffic management and increasing efficiency in road
management by building an integrated system of people, roads and vehicles utilizing
advanced data communication technologies.
While providing users with quick information required for their safe and
comfortable travel in ways easy to understand, ITS makes automated vehicle operations
possible by making the most of information and control technology. With these
operations, ITS makes it possible for users to enjoy a high level of use of roads and
reduces many of the work loads commonly associated with driving, walking, and cycling.
In this way, ITS will accomplish a major improvement in road transport safety, efficiency

and comfort, and traffic operations and congestion, thereby significantly contributing to
the realization of an improved quality of life and environmental conservation.
CONCEPT:

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ITS Conceptual Model

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Road Transport Problems

Vehicular traffic on roads has greatly contributed to the development of the national
economy, and is fulfilling a critical role in modern society. On the other hand, traffic
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accidents have increased, resulting in a death toll of over 10,000 persons per year. Major
problems have surfaced with respect to transport safety and efficiency. Also, issues such
as environmental deterioration along roads, disharmony with the global environment, and
increased energy consumption are growing in severity and importance. Solutions to these
problems are strongly needed.

ROLE OF ITS:

In the area of road transport, the realization of a system to reduce the driver's
work load is needed. Also required is coordination of traffic so that users can
choose various modes of travel with comfort and improved efficiency.

The promotion of ITS will reduce traffic accidents and reduce time losses
resulting from traffic congestion.

It enables the users to travel with a high degree of reliability and convenience in
response to the needs of the respective regions.

It realizes energy efficiency by alleviating traffic congestion and improving traffic

flow. Reduction of vehicle emissions will be accomplished, thereby contributing
to the maintenance of a sound environment along the roads and the global
environment.

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Figure

1.2.1

Background

Situation

and

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Significance

of

Promoting

ITS

TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT

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The objective of urban traffic management is to make the safest and most
productive use of existing (road-based) transport system resources.
It seeks to adjust, adapt, manage, and improve the existing transport system to
meet specified objectives. By maximizing the efficiency of existing facilities and
systems, capital expenditure can be avoided or deferred to gain time in which to develop
longer-term policy measures. At the same time, traffic safety can be improved and the
adverse impact of road traffic on the city environment.
Traffic management policy:
Formulate and implement citywide traffic management policies to comply with
objectives policy defined by the city council to include, at least, such areas as
determination of
(a) A functional road hierarchy,
(b) The appropriate balance between transport system users (private
transportpublic transportNMT vehiclespedestrians),
(c) Priority programs for action, and
(d) five-year investment plans.
Traffic research
Survey, monitor, and evaluate all traffic and accident data to enable trends to be
identified, problems quantified, and traffic management plans and improvements
prepared.
Traffic management:
Plan, design, implement, monitor, evaluate, fine-tune, and continuously update
traffic schemes plans and improvements and policies to realize the agreed-on traffic
management policy. The program would cover all motorized road-based modes (cars,
public transport, trucks, and so on) and all NMT modes (pedestrians and cycles). Plans
and improvements would range from simple intersection improvements, or marking and
signing programs, through to far-reaching citywide strategies such as extensive bus
priority or pricing. Accident programs and countermeasures would be included.

Traffic control devices:

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Plan, design, install, operate, and maintain all traffic control devices including
(a) Traffic signal systems, including computer-controlled systems;
(b) Road markings;
(c) Road signs; and
(d) Enforcement devices (cameras, and so on).
Traffic regulations:
Formulate traffic regulations to realize the proposed traffic management plans and
improvements, for enactment by city government and for enforcement by the traffic
police.
Parking management:
Prepare off- and on-street parking policies and programs, including approval for
the location of, and access to, parking areas proposed by others. Parking enforcement and
administration, where paid parking applies, would be carried out by a separate parking
authority, or the equivalent.
a. GREEN LINK DETERMINING (GLIDE) SYSTEM
The Green Link Determining (GLIDE) System controls all traffic signals along
arterial roads. As traffic flow changes, it responds by adjusting the green time
accordingly. GLIDE also links traffic signals at neighboring junctions so that motorists
can travel from one junction to another with minimal stops.
How vehicles are detected
Detector loops are laid beneath the road surface of junctions to sense the presence
of vehicles. Each time a vehicle moves over the detector loop, it causes a change in its
magnetic field. This change activates a local controller which in turn adjusts the traffic
light timing so that more green time is given to the direction.

GLIDE System
B. TRAFFICSCAN
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How does Traffic Scan work?

Taxis are equipped with the Global Positioning System (GPS) that gives
information on their locations and speeds as they ply along roads. The data collected is
processed to give average traffic speeds along these roads.

Traffic scan
3. EXPRESSWAY MONITORING ADVISORY SYSTEM (EMAS) :
Monitors traffic along expressways, alerts motorists of traffic incidents
ahead of them and ensures swift response to these incidents.
Fast response to incidents:
Operations Executives at the control centre pan the surveillance cameras
frequently to look out for incidents such as vehicle breakdown and congestion. When
they detect an incident, they will activate the vehicle recovery crew to the site. The
recovery crew arrives within 15 minutes. At the site, they help the motorists and remove
any obstructions to restore traffic flow to normalcy.

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EMA system
4. ELECTRONIC REGULATORY SIGNS:
Electronic Regulatory Signs (ERS) are light emitting diode (LED) traffic signs
which are switched on only at specific time periods.
Electronic Regulatory Signs are switched on and off automatically at pre-set times of the
day. Their operating status is monitored by the traffic control centre.

ERS
5. JUNCTION ELECTRONIC EYES

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Junction Electronic Eyes (J-Eyes) is a system of surveillance cameras installed at

major signalized junctions to act as remote eyes for Operations Executives at the traffic
control centre.
How does J-Eyes work?
Surveillance cameras are mounted on special poles, street lampposts and
buildings at major road junctions. They are able to pan, tilt and zoom to capture clear
video images of the traffic situation at junctions. These images are sent to the traffic
control centre, where the Operations Executives can
monitor the traffic closely and implement appropriate actions.

J-eyes

6. PARKING GUIDANCE SYSTEM:

Provides real-time information on parking spaces availability.

Be Considerate When Parking

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Park within own house's car pouch.

Do not park along road bends, narrow roads, and near intersections

No parking on both sides of the road at all times

PARKING SYSTEM
7.SIGNALISED PEDESTRIAN CROSSINGS
Signalized pedestrian crossings are used to facilitate the time-sharing of road
space between motorists and pedestrians so that pedestrians can cross the road safely.
Each of these two groups of users is allocated the right-of-way alternatively with the use
of traffic signals. The amount of time allocated to motorists and pedestrians is based on
the principle of balancing their conflicting demands. The demand for vehicular
movement is detected through the sensors placed on the road pavement.

Signalised pedestrian crossings

INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS (ITS) CENTRE

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The heart of these systems is the Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) Centre. It
operates 24 hours every day, keeping track of traffic flow based on information gathered
by the various ITS. Once traffic incidents are detected, traffic controllers at the control
centre will dispatch the recovery crew immediately so that normal traffic flow can resume
as soon as possible. It also sends traffic updates regularly to motorists through various
channels. Messages on electronic signboards along the expressways inform you of the
traffic situation ahead.

CONCLUSIONS:
Roads are a necessary component of urban infrastructure. Inadequacy of current
road capacity to carry current traffic results in congestion, damage to the city economy,
increased environmental impact, and, often, particularly harsh impact on the poor. In
larger established cities, however, it may not be socially or economically acceptable to
balance supply and demand solely by increasing road capacity. A strategy for roads must
therefore encompass traffic management and demand management, as well as the
provision and maintenance of road infrastructure. A strategy must thus include:
For traffic management
Management of traffic to maintain safe, efficient, and environmentally acceptable
movement of people (and not just of vehicles)
Prioritization of infrastructure management and use to protect
(a) The economic efficiency of the city and
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(b) Movements of public against unrestricted expansion of private motorized transport.

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