Abstract Book Mos 2016

MACEDONIAN ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY MEMBER OF MDS

CONGRESS OF THE MACEDONIAN ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY WITH
INTERNATIONAL PARTICIPATION
12-15 2016

Ohrid 12-15 May 2016

Hotel Granit
ABSTRACT BOOK

MACEDONIAN ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY MEMBER OF MDS
3-

3-rd CONGRESS OF THE MACEDONIAN ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY WITH
INTERNATIONAL PARTICIPATION
12-15 2016

Ohrid 12-15 May 2016
Hotel Granit

ABSTRACT BOOK
MOS Macedonian Orthodontic Society
. . 17
1000 ,
st. Mother Teresa17

1000 Skopje, Macedonia
: +389 (0)2 3092841

: +389 (0)2 3092842
E-meil: info@mos.org.mk
Phone: +389 (0)2 3092841

Fax: +389 (0)2 3092842
E-meil: info@mos.org.mk

2016
Abstract Book
Ohrid, 2016
Cover and Design, echnical preparation

Dragan Laskov
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12-15, 2016 , ,
, ,
3-
, 12- 15- .

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.
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3-
WWW.MOS.ORG.MK
3th Congress of the Macedonian Orthodontic Society with international participation

May 12-15, 2016 Ohrid, Macedonia, Hotel Granit
Dear colleagues, Dear friends,
It is my honor to invite you the 3rd Congress of the Macedonian Orthodontic Society with International participation which will take place in Ohrid from 12th to 15th of May 2016.
The tradition of organizing orthodontic eventsis proudly continued with the 3rd Congress of MOS, as a national
congress with extensive international participation. The Orthodontic Society and the whole orthodontic community in our country have organized many national and international events in the past decades.
We are happy to say that, beside the participants from our neighboring countries, the previous two congresses
were visited by participants from each and every continent of our globe!
I cordially invite you to join us this year too, to maintain the tradition of exchanging knowledge and making new
friends in a welcoming environment.
The ancient city of Ohrid (on UNESCOs World Heritage List) will open its gates for you, as the hosts will open
their hearts! You will be able to enjoy the most colorful wines and foods Macedonia has to offer, sited by some of
the clearest waters in Europe the Ohrid Lake, while sharpening your thoughts by the hottest orthodontic topics
and exquisite provocative lecturers!
Dear colleagues, as the President of the Macedonian Orthodontic Society and the Organizing Committee, let me
wish you a warm welcome to the 3rd Orthodontic Congress!
Gabriela Kjurchieva Chuchkova

MOS President 2016
WWW.MOS.ORG.MK
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12-15, 2016 , ,

( )

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6

PRESIDENT MOS 2016

Chair of Organising Committee
SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE
Lidija Kanurkova (Chair of the Committee)
Vaska Vandevska - Radunovic
Haluk Iseri
Moshos Papadopoulos
Mirjana Janosevic
Laura Andreeva
Maja PopStefanova Trposka
Martina Devensek
Enita Nakas
Tomislav Lauc
Stipica Popovski
HONORARY SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE
Athanasios E. Athanasiou
Abbas Zaher
Marija Zuzelova
Julijana Gjorgova
Vladimir Popovski
Sonja Apostolska
Ljuben Guguvchevski
ORGANISING COMMITTEE
Gabriela Kjurchieva Chuchkova (Chair of the Committee)
Igor Kirovski
Irena Gavrilovich
Radmila Dimovska
Ivan Iliev
Robert Janev
Sabetim Cherkezi
Bisera Lazarevska
Ljubo Jolevski
Vlado Dilevski
Zumri Emrulau
Vesna Jankulovska
Iva Dimovska
Darko PopAcev
Biljana Petrovska
Ivan Tanatarec
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24

25
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. -. -, DDS, PhD
- -,
, 05.10.1959 . .
, -, 1983 . 1989
. , , 1998 .
, , 1992
.
(44)
.
(20), (30).
- :
, .
(EOS), (WFO),
. European Journal of Orthodontics. Research and Teaching Award
.
28

Professor Vaska Vandevska-Radunovic, DDS, PhD
Dr Vaska Vandevska-Radunovic, is Professor at the Department in orthodontics of the University of Oslo,

Norway. She is born on 05/10/1959 in Skopje. She graduated from the University Sv. Cyril and Methodius
, Faculty of Dentistry in Skopje, in 1983. In 1989 she gained her Master degree at the same faculty. Her PhD
studies were completed in Bergen, Norway, in 1998. She specialized in the field of orthodontics at the same
University of Bergen, Norway, in 1992.
She is the author of numerous scientific papers published in eminent orthodontic journals (44), with impact
factor. As an invited lecturer she presented her work at numerous orthodontic congresses around the world.
Her field of interest in scientific research are: tissue reaction in orthodontic movement of teeth, as well as longitudinal studies on effects of orthodontic treatment.
She is a member of the European Orthodontic Society (EOS), World Federation of Orthodontics (WFO), and
honorary member of the Macedonian Orthodontic Society. She was a member of the Editorial Board of the
European Journal of Orthodontics. She is a winner of Research and Teaching Award of the Norwegian Dental
Association. She is a recipient of the Research and Teaching Award of the Norwegian Dental Society and serves
on the Editorial board of the European Journal of Orthodontics.
29
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,

.
() ,
.
,
.
30

Tooth transplantation as a viable option

for orthodontic problems
Tooth transplantation is a biological alternative treatment in cases of trauma and agenesis, where an evicted or
donor tooth is replaced in its original socket or in another surgically prepared site.
The survival and success rates of these teeth depend on many factors, including root development and surgical
technique.
These factors will be discussed through presentation of clinical cases, as well as radiological and histological
evaluation of experimentally replanted human teeth.
31
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. -. , DDS, PhD
YeniYzyl .
2004 2012 .
(Turkish Orthodontic Society)
Edward H. Angle Society.
, O Angle Orthodontist, Seminars in Orthodontics Journal of Mondo Ortodontico. Seminars in Orthodontics 2012 .
a
, , .
: ,
, , , -,
,
. 66
175 , .
32

Prof. Dr Haluk eri, DDS, PhD
Dr. eri is the Dean of the Dental School of stanbul YeniYzyl University. He had been the head of Orthodontic Department of the University of Ankara from 2004 to 2012. He is a past President of the Turkish Orthodontic Society and member of Edward H. Angle Society.
Currently, he is in the Editorial Boards of Angle Orthodontist, Seminars in Orthodontics and Journal of Mondo Ortodontico. He acted as the guest editor of Seminars in Orthodontics in 2012. He worked as a research
fellow at the University of Copenhagen and involved in collaborated research with the Universities of Washington, Copenhagen, Tel Aviv and Padova.
His main research interests are growth and development of the craniofacial skeleton, maxillary expansion, open
bite treatment, adult orthodontics, skeletal anchorage with mini screws, orthognathic surgery and distraction
osteogenesis, accelerated orthodontic treatment and diagnosis and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea,.
He published 66 articles and book chapters and has given 175 lectures, conferences and courses worldwide.
33
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(OSAS):

(OSAS) 4% 2%
. ,
.
CPAP ( )
,
. ,
.

(mandibular advancement appliances - MAA),

.
(AHI= <5), (HI = 5-40)
(HI= >40)
.
,
,
. ,
/ ,
.

.
34

Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS):

Diagnosis and Treatment
The obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) is thought to affect as many as 4% of men and 2% of women
in the population. OSAS results in excessive daytime sleepiness, impaired quality of life, and is associated with
an increased risk of traffic accidents and cardiovascular disease.
Although CPAP provides the most reliable therapeutic modality and is the most widely used methodto treat
sleep disordered breathing today, many patients, find it unappealing, difficult to tolerate, and unacceptable. The
only other non-invasive alternative, which can produce favorable results within a short time, is oral appliances.
Since cephalometric analysis has been routinely used in the diagnosis of OSAS and development of successful
alternative type of therapy with mandibular advancement appliances (MAA), qualified orthodontists and dentists working in this area has became the important members of the sleep teamwork.
Habitual snoring (AHI= <5), mild or moderate OSA (AHI = 5-40) and severe OSA cases (AHI= >40) rejecting
the use of CPAP are the indications of MAA therapy. Advancing the mandible forward by MAA can enlarge
the airway, reduce pharyngeal collapsibility, relocate tongue anteriorly and increase the genioglossus muscle
activity. Many authors suggested that snoring was eliminated, AHI was significantly decreased, the quality of
sleep and life was markedly increased and excessive daytime sleepiness was improved by these mechanisms of
action of oral appliances.
As the conclusion, removable oral appliances that advance the mandible are the best alternative tools in the
treatment of OSAS because of their satisfactory therapeutic effectiveness and other advantages.
35
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. -. , DDS, PhD

,
Aristotle , .
(Orthodontic Society of Northern Greece).
Aristotle ,
Freiburg
.
Hellenic Orthodontic Review, World Journal of Orthodontics Stoma. 17
, 39 , .
Hellenic Professional Union of Orthodontists,
Stomatological Society of Northern Greece, Greek Orthodontic Society Orthodontic Society of Northern Greece. , 9 6
, .
:A. Tsoukanelis Award Aristotle
(1993),Annual Scientific Award German Association of Plastic Surgeons (2004), Joseph
E. Johnson Clinical Award American Association of Orthodontists (2009), Turpin Award for Evidence-Based Research American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (2013),Align Research Award Align Inc. USA (2013), IoannisMargelos Award Hellenic Society of Endodontics (2013).
, noncompliance , -
.
:Orthodontic treatment for the Class II non-compliant
patient: Current principles and techniques, Skeletal anchorage in orthodontic treatment of Class II malocclusion,Cleft lip and palate: Diagnosis and treatment management, 190
, 280 ,
.
36

Prof. Dr. Moschos Papadopoulos, DDS, PhD

Dr. Moschos A. Papadopoulos is Professor and served as Chairman, and Program Director at the Department of
Orthodontics of the School of Dentistry of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece. He is also President
of the Orthodontic Society of Northern Greece. He received his Dental Degree from the School of Dentistry
of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, and his Doctorate Degree and his Certificate in Orthodontics from
the School of Dentistry of the University of Freiburg, Germany.
Dr. M. A. Papadopoulos is Honorary Editor of the Hellenic Orthodontic Review, and served as Asst. Editor
of the World Journal of Orthodontics and as Assoc. Editor of Stoma. He also is/or served as Member of the
Editorial Board of 17 peer reviewed journals, and as Referee of 39 orthodontic, dental and medical journals.
Dr. M. A. Papadopoulos served as Vice President of the Hellenic Professional Union of Orthodontists, as
Treasurer and Vice Secretary General of the Stomatological Society of Northern Greece, and as Member of the
Board of Trustees of the Greek Orthodontic Society and of the Orthodontic Society of Northern Greece. Currently he is an active member in 9 Greek and 6 international societies, federations, and unions.
Dr. M. A. Papadopoulos received several awards and distinctions, among others the A. Tsoukanelis Award
from the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (1993), the Annual Scientific Award from the German Association of Plastic Surgeons (2004), the Joseph E. Johnson Clinical Award from the American Association of
Orthodontists (2009), and the Turpin Award for Evidence-Based Research from the American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (2013), the Align Research Award from Align Inc. USA (2013), and
the IoannisMargelos Award from the Hellenic Society of Endodontics (2013).
Currently the main clinical and research interests of Dr. M. A. Papadopoulos include the subjects of noncompliance orthodontic treatment, use of miniscrew implants as temporary anchorage devices in orthodontic treatment, and evidence based orthodontics.
Dr. M. A. Papadopoulos has written the books entitled Orthodontic treatment for the Class II non-compliant
patient: Current principles and techniques, Skeletal anchorage in orthodontic treatment of Class II malocclusion, and Cleft lip and palate: Diagnosis and treatment management, has published more than 190 scientific
publications, and has presented more than 280 lectures, courses and papers worldwide.
37
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.
,
.
.
. , (SRs) -
(MAs) ,
,
Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs).
, RCTs, SRs MAs.
,SRs MAs
,
. ,
SRs MAs.
: (a)
, (b)
- , (c)
MA, ,

.
38

Evidence based orthodontics

and everyday clinical practice
Evidence Based Medicine is a systematic approach to answer clinical questions in an evidence based manner in order to provide patients with the appropriate treatment. When seeking answers to specific clinical
questions in medicine and in orthodontics, different research designs are available. These designs differ with
regard to the risk of error and bias in their results. Some research designs provide a higher level of evidence
than that provided by others. According to the hierarchy of evidence, Systematic Reviews (SRs) and Meta-Analyses (MAs) are considered as providing the highest level of evidence, because conclusions are made
by combining the results of other types of studies presenting already strong evidence, such as the Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs).
Orthodontic literature uses many forms of evidence, including RCTs, SRs and MAs. However, SRs and MAs
investigating orthodontic related subjects are very few in comparison to medical literature, while in addition
many of these studies are associated with methodological flaws or drawbacks that diminish their quality. Consequently, only a few topics in clinical orthodontics are supported with strong evidence as provided by well
performed SRs and MAs.
Aim of this lecture is: (a) to present the basic principles of evidence based medicine, (b) to address the basic
principles and quality characteristics of systematic reviews and meta-analyses with orthodontic related subjects, and (c) to present and discuss the results of a series of MAs, which investigate controversial issues in
orthodontics, in order to reach evidence based conclusions that could be applied in contemporary clinical
orthodontic practice.
39
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. -. , DDS, PhD
1981 Hacettepe .
1985 . , Military Postgraduate Education Center .
1987 Marmara, . 1988 , 1989
. 1994 .
1988-2006 .
(Turkish Orthodontic Society). 2000
(European Orthodontic Society). 2003
North Atlantic Component of the Edward Angle Society.
100 , 7
. IXth International Symposium on Dentofacial Development and Function 2002 .
(European Orthodontic Society) 2011 . EOS Congress
2011 .
2014 Archwise Distraction Osteogenesis Springer company in the year. Archwise Distraction Osteogenesis
.
40

Prof. Dr. Nejat Erverdi, DDS, PhD
Dr. NejatErverdi graduated in 1981 from Hacettepe University Faculty of Dentistry in Ankara . He started
his postgraduate education at the Department of Orthodontics of the same faculty and completed his PhD
program in 1985. For the military service, Dr. Erverdi attended the Military Postgraduate Education Center in
Istanbul and completed his military service as an educator.
In 1987 he joined the Marmara University Faculty of Dentistry Department of Orthodontics as a lecturer. In
1988 he became Assistant Professor; in 1989 he passed the exam and became Associate Professor. In 1994 he
became a full Professor.
Dr. Erverdi is the head of the Department of Orthodontics between 1988-2006. He is one of the founders of the
Turkish Orthodontic Society. Since 2000 he is serving as a Council member of the European Orthodontic Society. In 2003 he was accepted as the full member to the North Atlantic Component of the Edward Angle Society.
He is the author of over 100 articles in local and international journals and seven international book chapters.
He was the president of the IXth International Symposium on Dentofacial Development and Function in October 2002. He was elected as the President of the European Orthodontic Society for the year of 2011.He was
the president of EOS congress which was held in June 2011 in stanbul.
His book about Archwise Distraction Osteogenesis was published by Springer company in the year of 2014.He
is still investigating and writing about Archwise Distraction Osteogenesis and cleft palate treatment.
41
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.

1.

.
:
-
- II
- III
-
-
2.
.
. ,

.
,
.
, .
,
, .
Archwise distraction ( )
. ,
Archwise Mini Distractor .
,
, II , ,
.
42

Everiting about bone anchorage

Alveolar distraction osteogenesis:
Is archwise distraction possible?
1.
In this presentation importance of bone anchorage will be discussed and some different clinical applications
of orthodontic implants will be discussed on some treated cases;
The cases will be presented about following topics;
-Open biteTreatment
-Class II treatment
-Class III treatment
-Molar distalisation
-Chin anchorage
2.
Distraction osteogenesis is a well known clinical procedure in medicine.It was widely used by orthopedic
surgeons for lengthening the extremities.Distraction osteogenesis was used in dentistry for the treatment of
congenital malocclusions and for the treatment of severe skeletal abnormalities.
In conventional distraction osteogenesis: Bone length is increased along a straight line.Transporting distraction disc along a straight line is very usefull in the areas where straight distraction will be in accordence with
the morphogenic pattern.On the other hand for the treatmen t of some problems where straight distraction
will not be in accordance with the anatomical structures, distraction along a curve is required. A method which
is called Archwise distraction was developed for the transport of distraction disc along a curve.Special distractor which was named as Archwise Mini Distractor was developed and a special appliance was fabricated.
In this presentation Archwise Distraction method and the appliance will be introduced and Cleft lip and Palate Treatment,Class II Treatment,and Treatment of some jaw deformities will be discussed on some treated
cases.
43
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. -. , DDM, PhD
1995
2005 2006
. , 2011 .
, 2013 , Professional Committee for Dental Medicine at Slovenian Health Association. , 2014 , Slovenian Dental Health Association University Dental Clinic University Medical Center Ljubljana.

Slovenian Professional Committee 2011-2014 .

(2010-2014) (Slovenian Orthodontic
Society)(2007-2014).
:
, ,
, :
III, .
Cleft and palate professional team Craniofacial team - University Medical Centre.
44

Prof. Dr. Martina Drevensek, DDM, PhD
Dr Martina Drevensek graduated from the Faculty of medicine in Ljubjana in 1995, and she continued her
postgraduate education until 2005, when she finished her PhD and in 2006 she became ssistant Professor.
Several years later, in 2011 she gained her status as Associate Professor. At the moment, she is President of Professional Committee for Dental Medicine at Slovenian Health Association since 2013. Also, she is President of
Slovenian Dental Health Association and Medical Director of University Dental Clinic University Medical
Center Ljubljana ever since 2014.
She was Advisor of Minister of Health of Republic of Slovenia for Dental Medicine and President of Slovenian
Professional Committee at Ministry of Health from 2011-2014. Dr Drevensek was Head of the Department of
Orthodontics at University clinical centre Ljubljana from (2010-2014) and President of Slovenian Orthodontic
Society (2007-2014).
Her main research interests are: biological control of orthodontic tooth movement, growth and development of
craniofacial complex in cleft palate, influence of functional disturbances on growth and development, whereas
her clinical interest are:treatment of Class III malocclusions, treatment of cleft and palate patients and interdisciplinary treatments. Dr Drevensek is also a member of the Cleft and palate professional team and Craniofacial
team - University Medical Centre.
45
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III
,

. , ,
, , (head hear, facial mask), (lip bumper)
.
.
.
: , , ,
, .
- III .
III
RPE
.
Kokich . 1985. III

.
III
.
, .
. 3 CBCT

(Nguyen . 2011). Hugo DeClerck 2
.
(Go-Gn) ,
.
CoVertT .
Co-Go-Me .

(Hino . 2013).
.

,

(DeClerck and Proffit, 2015).
III .
46

The use of skeletal anchorage

in skeletal Class III treatment
Martina Drevenek, Maja Mulej Vedlin
The anchorage is needed to move a tooth or a group of teeth into the right direction. As an anchorage could act
the group of teeth, different force systems, intermaxillary elastics, bite forces, extra oral anchorage (head gear,
facial mask), muscles (lip bumber) and bone structures. The need for additional anchorage appeared because
of the increased number of adult patients in orthodontic offices. In some adult patients there are not enough
teeth which can be used as an appropriate anchorage. Today different kind of skeletal anchorage is used: ankylosed teeth, dental implants, mini implants, bone plates, palatal implants etc. The skeletal anchorage can also a
method to treat skeletal malocclusions especially in treatment of skeletal Class III malocclusions.
Skeletal Class III malocclusion with hypoplasia of maxilla could be treated with the rapid expansion and protraction of upper maxilla with face mask and RME appliance where the growth modification of maxilla and
mandible is performed. The advantages of skeletal anchorage in protraction of upper maxilla were first described by Kokich et al. in 1985. In the case with retrognathic maxilla as an anchorage for protraction of upper
jaw with face mask the ankylosed primary canines were used. Recent studies claimed that skeletal anchorage
and intremaxillary class III elastics can be a successful method in treating skeletal Class III malocclusion also
in the period of late mixed and early permanent dentition. Titanium plates in upper and lower jaw allow the
application of orthopedic forces which act predominantly skeletal, continuously without dental compensation.
The maxilla is moved forward. 3D analysis of CBCT scans showed significantly greater movement of processus
zygomaticus and middle part of maxilla forward in the treated group (Nguyen et al., 2011). Hugo DeClerck in
2D study claimed that with the use of skeletal anchorage the inhibition on the lower jaw is performed (2010).
The increase of mandible length (Co-Gn) is diminished, but there were no differences in ramus and corpus
mandible lengths between treated and untreated patients. The posterior movement of condyle is described by
opening of the CoVertT angle in the group treated by skeletal anchorage. In this group the significant growth
of condyle upward and forward was determined by Co-Go-Me angle. There is less negative effect on vertical
relationships and less dental compensation in the patients treated with skeletal anchorage in comparison with
the use of face mask and rapid maxillary expansion protocol (Hino et al., 2013). The use of skeletal anchorage could be performed in maxilla growth modification in cleft, lip and palate patients. The amount ofskeletalchange with bone anchorage treatment often extends to the midface, and the short-term effects on both jaws
are greater than with previous approaches, but individual variations in the amount of maxillary vs mandibular
response occur, and it still is not possible to accurately predict the outcome for a patient (DeClerck and Proffit,
2015).In the presentation the use of method described above in skeletal Class III cases and cleft lip and palate
patients will be presented.
47
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- Conegliano, 1971 .
().
- (1996-1999).
- g.G.o. (Gruppo Gaslini ortodonzia- 2003 ), RedOI (Registro degli Ortodontisti
Italiani-2004), CEO (European Orthodontic College - 2006 ), ()
Tweed Association 2007 .
2009 , Tweed Foundation ().
2010 ,
- ,
.
- Italian Board of Orthodontics (IBO),European Board of Orthodontics (EBO),
Italian Accademy of Orthodontics.
. -
. Testbook - Orthodontic Miniscrews,
e.
48

Dr Nicola Derton
Dr Nicola Derton was born in Conegliano, Italy in 1971.He reached hisDegree at Dental School University of
Padua (Italy).He was aVisiting Professor - Master Oral Surgery at the same University(1996-1999).
Dr Derton is a Member ofg.G.o. (gruppo Gaslini ortodonzia-since2003),ofRedOI (Registro degli Ortodontisti Italiani-since 2004) Member, ofCEO (European Orthodontic College-since 2006) and also aRegular (active) Member ofTweed Association from 2007.
From 2009 he is aCourses Instructor ofTweed Foundation (Tucson-Arizona).
HeisSpecialist in Orthodontics atUniversity of Ferrara from 2010.Also working as aVisiting Professor University of Trieste Departement of Orthodontics and in his Private practise..
Dr Derton is an Active Member of Italian Board of Orthodontics (IBO), European Board of Orthodontics
(EBO) andItalian Accademy of Orthodontics.
He has been a speaker at national and international Congresses.Dr Nicola Derton is author of many Scientific
Publications.One of them is theTestbook - Orthodontic Miniscrew, asInternational expert inOrthodontic
Skeletal Anchorage.
49
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,
;
,
. ,
. .

.
. , ,
,
. ,
(
, ,
)
50

Orthodontic miniscrew: a useful device for molar distalization in no compliance patient and adult
interdisciplinary treatment
In the last years, miniscrews have become the most used device to provide absolute anchorage without patient
compliance; their utilize can be very usefull for molar distalization, in fact there is scientific evidence that skeletal anchorage systems are more effective for distalization than conventional methods; moreover, miniscrew
utilize is critically advantageous for interdisciplinary adult treatment. Nowadays orthodontics is not only for
children and adolescents, in fact for the past three decades increasing numbers of adults have been referred
to orthodontists to correct their malocclusion; often interdisciplinary approach seems to be the suitable way
to make prudent treatment decision for these patients. A team of orthodontist, oral surgeon, periodontist and
restorative dentist must interact to achieve the best goals in adult complex cases. Emploing case reports, some
clinical application in whome the use of miniscrew contributes to reach better outcomes will be described (upper molar distalization in no-compliance patient without loss of anchorage, orthodontic extrusion and lower
molar uprighting without bonding any tooth)
51
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12-15, 2016 , ,
. -. , DDS, PhD
- 1993
, ,
2003 SL Mandic - Campinas - . -
.
- , .
- ,
Ricketts-
. , ,
, . , -
, ,

52

Prof. Dr. Nelson Oppermann, DDS, PhD
Dr. Oppermann obtained his Orthodontics Specialty Certificate in 1993 from Dentists Association of Sao
Paulo and master degree in oral sciences focus in orthodontics in 2003 from SL Mandic dental School - Campinas - Brazil. Dr. Oppermann has been involved with the Bioprogressive and Sectional Mechanics Studies. His
connection to Dr Robert Ricketts years ago and presence in several studies on those subjects help this development. Dr. Oppermanns knowledge in growth and development of the human craniofacial complex together
to Ricketts cephalometric analysis and diagnostics system gives another perspective to treatment planning. He
is also involved as adjunct speaker professor at the Department of Orthodontics at the University of Illinois at
Chicago. Apart of those attributions Dr. Oppermann is an active and enthusiastic professor and lecturer, being
visited many countries for teaching with articles published based on Bioprogressive Therapy field.
53
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dgewise (MEAW):

.
, .
,
, .
.

.
54

Integration of bioprogressive therapy

and MEAW concepts.
A wide range of possibilities
This lecture is designed to present to the participant certain situations where the Bioprogressive Therapy Biomechanics and Diagontics are useful to treat our patients and how the integration with Multi Loop Edgewise
Archwires (MEAW) can complete some Bioprogressive lacks.
It will be presented many cases to exemplify all situations and the biological basis background.The aim of the
course is to present to the participants a biological approach to malocclusions.
The participant will receive the knowledge of how to identify and do interceptive treatment to skeletal dysplasia
cases.
55
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12-15, 2016 , ,
. -. , DDS, PhD

20 Sasils Dental Clinic
7 Sharjah University, Sharjah, UAE. ,
Ajman University, Ajman College of Dental Surgery, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore.
(1985) (1989).
(Indian Orthodontic Society). American Association of Orthodontists,
World Federation of Orthodontists, , U.A.E.
Faculty of Dentistry, Ajman University (2007, 2008,
2012), Faculty of Dentistry Sharjah University (2010-2013) Dental School, GMC (2011,2012).
.
56

Prof. Dr. Sasil Poonnen, DDS, PhD
For 20 years DrPoonnen is working as an orthodontist in his Sasils Dental Clinic and for the past 7 years he is
an Assistant Professor at the Department of Orthodontics Sharjah University, Sharjah, UAE. He is a Lecturer at
Ajman University, Ajman and College of Dental Surgery, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore.
DrPoonnen is a a dental surgeon (1985) and an orthodontist (1989). He is a life Member of the Indian Orthodontic Society. Also a Member of American Association of Orthodontists, of World Federation of Orthodontists, and registered under Ministry of Health, U.A.E.
He was an External Examiner at Faculty of Dentistry, Ajman University (2007, 2008, 2012), at Faculty of Dentistry Sharjah University (2010-2013) and at Dental School, GMC (2011,2012). He held numerous lectures as
an invited speaker on international congresses.
In September 2012 he was awarded with Orto-2012 by the Brazilian orthodontic society for Distinguished
Professionals in the Field of orthodontic education. He was a Program Director of Advances In Orthodontics
New York University, USA in August 2015.
57
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
, .

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58

The wisdom behind extracting the third molars
Introduction
Third molars have been regarded as a tooth which is not needed in the oral cavity in the past .
Numerous literatures have been published regarding its role in crowding of lower anteriors andproclination
of upper anteriors.
Orthodontists have been advising patients in the past for extractions of third molars before orthodontic
treatment .
Extraction of third molars in orthodontic patients leaves the patients with only 24 teeth in the mouth after
extractions of premolars subsequently.
Preservation of third molars have shown to have lot of benefits in the long run as it plays a key role in
long term stability and a good occlusion with maximum number of posterior teeth in the later decades
of life .
Abstract
Extraction of third molars routinely before orthodontic treatment has become a thing of the past .The importance of having the third molars Wisdom Tooth has gained acceptance in the new millennium .
For long term stability of the dentition the key is to have a good occlusion with maximum number of posterior teeth in occlusion .
A good posterior occlusion reduces the occlussal load on the anterior teeth , generalised attrition of teeth
with aging and maintains the vertical dimension of the face with time .
The bite opens further with each erupting molar in the posterior area and the patient gets a new tooth for the
extracted premolars .
Thus if the third molars are vertically erupting and there is sufficient space in the retro molar area , Go the
extra mile to Preserve the third molars .
Learning Objectives
To Understand the importance of having Third molars in the later part of your life
Strategies and action plan on how to bring the third molars into occlusion
Sharing experience on how with simple techniques we can guide eruption of wisdom teeth which
otherwise would have been impacted
Learn how with premolar extractions eruption of third molars occurs earlier than its normal eruption
time
59
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
. -. , DDS, PhD
Forestadent, Pumpa Group Moskow, 2012 .

, hands-on , ,
: ( ,
).
, ,
Forestadent .
Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University ,
.
Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University , , 2007-2011 .
2008 . .
o Dental Clinic Dentex , 2011 ,
, ,
, 3- ,
,
.
60

Prof. Dr. Ekaterina Gizoeva, DDS, PhD
Dr Gizoeva is a consulting doctor for Forestadent, Pumpa Group Moskow, since 2012 to present. She has been
developing and holding master classes, hands-on courses, and technical courses for orthodontists, whose main
topics included: orthodontic rehabilitation of adults (interdisciplinary approach, modern anchorage in orthodontics).
Also, she has been working on translations of medical documents and congresses from English into Russian
and makes contribution to international and Russian Forestadent courses and symposiums.
Dr Gizoeva graduated on Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University in St. Petersburg, Russia. She was
an Assistant Clinical Professor and Lecturer and Clinical Resident of Public Health Department of Orthodontics, Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University in St. Petersburg, Russia, from 2007-2011. In 2008 she
finished her PhD. Shes an author of numerous publications.
Working as an orthodontist in the Dental Clinic Dentex in Moscow since 2011, her main clinical interests are:
orthodontic rehabilitation of adults, lingual orthodontics, modern anchorage in orthodontics, usage of 3-D
computer technology in planning and treatment, and interdisciplinary approach in treatment planning with
dental surgeons, prosthodontists and periodontologists.
61
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
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.
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62

Skeletal anchorage as part of orthodontic treatment

interdisciplinary approach
For many years the adult orthodontics was limited by amount of missing teeth and therefore mechanical
problems.
The aim of this lecture is to explain ways of resolving these problems and options of rehabilitation of adult
patients with the mini screws as the main orthodontic tool.
Orthodontic treatment in adults always is a part of the whole rehabilitation process which includes prosthetics and implantation surgery. As one step, it must be effective, fast and aesthetical. This is often easily
achieved with the help of mini-screws r prosthetic iplants as an anchorage. The lecture reviews many methods of pre-prosthetic orthodontics, including intrusion, uprighting, leveling and retraction of teeth.
63
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dental@promedika.com.mk
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e-mail : miki_l@promedika.com.mk
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
, DDS, PhD
- -
.
. - .
.
1983 . .
1989 . 1993 .
. , 2000 .
1997, 1998, 2000, 2002 2005
C, Dr. Ram Nanda
Dr. Franc Currir - Ann Arbor
Dr. James Mc Namara Katherine Kally. 1998 Tweed
Edgewise 1998 e Charles H. Tweed
. Tweed
2000, 2002, 2005.
2001 Edgewise Orthodontics Congress , .
Korean Orthodontic Research
Institute INC Dr. IL Bong Kim. ,
2003, 2006, 2007, 2008
2011 . 2014 53
, 2014
.
92 ,
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Ricketts.
66

Professor Lidija Kanurkova, DDS, PhD
Professor Dr. Lidija Kanurkova is concordantly employed at the Faculty of Dentistry-Skopje at the University
Cyril and Methodius in Skopje and at the Orthodontics Clinic at the Public Health Care Institution University Dentistry Clinical Centre St. Pantelejmon in Skopje as a professor.
Graduated from the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Ss Cyril and Methodius, in Skopje in 1983. MSc degree
in dentistry in the area of orthodontics: acquired MSc degree at the Faculty of Dentistry at the University Ss.
Cyril and Methodius in 1989. Specialist in orthodontics as of 1993. Acquired Ph.D. degree at the Faculty of
Dentistry at the University Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, in 2000.
She had several study stays in the USA in 1997, 1998, 2000, 2002, and 2005 year, at the Oklahoma City
University, studying under Professor Dr. Ram Nanda and Professor Dr. Franc Currier, as well as the
University of Michigan- Ann Arbor, studying under Professor Dr. James Mc Namara and Associate Professor
Katherine Kally. She attend Tweed course -Edgewise fixed technique, in Arizona, Tucson ,USA in September
1998.
She is a member of the Charles H. Tweed International Foundation of Orthodontists from 1998. 2000 and
2002, Attended Biennial meeting of Charles H. Tweed International foundation for Orthodontic Research
and education in USA -Washington 2000, Miami 2002, and Tuson 2005.
October 2001: she participated the 1stWorld Edgewise Orthodontics Congress in Seoul, Korea. She also
attended one-week course of fixed orthodontic technique in Korean Orthodontic Research Institute INC
studying under Professor IL Bong Kim. Also actively participated and contributed to European Orthodontics
Congresses in Prague in 2003, Vienna in 2006, Berlin in 2007, Lisbon in 2008, and Istanbul in 2011. In 2014
she participated on the 53-rd Congress of Anthropological society of Serbia invited speaker, plenary session, Vranje, Serbia. In 2014 she participated on the Third International Balkan Congress for Maxillofacial
surgery Ohrid- invited speaker, plenary session.
Published papers consist of 92 scientific-research peppers, published in national and foreign journals. She
actively participates in national and congresses, symposium, seminars, and courses organized abroad. Area
of specialty is cross bites, laterorgnatia and facial asymmetries, using Cephalometricanalysis, following the
Ricketts method.
67
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
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-
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68

Orthodontic concepts for using microimplants

as skeletal anchorage system
Orthodontics treatment of malocclusion depending of positions of teeth, treatment planning, bracket torque
selection,treatment mechanics, force application, wire ligation and anchorage consideration. Anchorage control is the most important factor, holding the key of the successful treatment.Absolute anchorage independence of the patient cooperation are micro-implants, they are used in orthodontic treatment when conventional anchorage cannot be applied.
In this study we present indicationson the micro-implants as orthodontic skeletal anchorage system including intrusion of anterior teeth, retraction of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth, molar mesialization
or distalization, molar intrusion or up righting, correction of posterior cross bite, correction of inclination
ofocclusal plane and alignment of dental midline,correction of the vertical malocclusion - open bite and reduce gummy smile or correct the deep bite
Using micro implants as orthodontic skeletal anchorage system gives to clinician possiblity for good occlusal
results and harmonies occlusion.
69
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
, DDS, PhD
- -
,
.
(BAMFS),
- (EACMFS)
().
27

, , , , , , ,
, , , , , , , , , .
,
. 20- EACMFS , 2010,
,
EACMFS , -
(Recognition Award of European Association for Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery).
2015 JOMS (Editorial Board of the Journal of Oral
and Maxillofacial Surgery).
70

Professor Vladimir Popovski, DDS, PhD
Professor Vladimir Popovski is experienced Maxillofacial surgeon on the University Clinic for Maxillofacial
Surgery, in Skopje, and University Professor on the Faculty of Dentistry at the University St. Cyril and Methodius, in Skopje, R. Macedonia.
Formerly he was Head of the University Clinic for Maxillofacial Surgery in Skopje-Macedonia from 2006-2008
and Deputy Minister of health for the period 2008-2011.
Presently he is President of Balkan Association of Maxillofacial Surgery (BAMFS), Councilor in European
Association for Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery (EACMFS) and President of the Macedonian Dental Chamber.
A well renowned expert in the field of maxillofacial surgery, with his principal works involving oncological surgery of maxillofacial region, clefts, oro-facial deformities, trauma, and especially surgical pathology of
salivary glands. He has been committed to this surgical entity during the past 33 years, during which he has
been an invited speaker, oral exponent or chairman on many international meetings in Vienna, Kyoto, Antalya, Washington DC, Athens, Tours-France, Varna, Belgrade, Barcelona, Bologna, Salzburg, Zagreb, Bruges,
Prague, including two in Ankara, under the auspices of the American Academy of Otolaryngology Head and
Neck Surgery.
He is an author of extensive opus of scientific articles in different regional and international journals. Awarded
for his Educational activities for EACMFS on the XX-th jubilee Congress in Bruges. On the latest XXII-th European Congress on EACMFS in Prague 2014 on the proposal of the Executive Committee of Association he
was honored for outstanding contribution for European Association with the prestigious Recognition Award
of European Association for Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery. From 2015 with approved appointment in the Editorial Board of the Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (JOMS).
71
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
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72

Dentofacial deformities integrated orthodontic & surgical

correction; history and surgical techniques
for mandibular prognathism
In the period of last few decades orthognathic surgery is widely accepted and preferred method for correction
of moderate to severe dentofacial deformities. Tendency for achieving optimal facial aesthetic is indicating the
necessity for integrated approach and collaboration between the orthodontists and maxillofacial surgeons. The
evolution of the concepts of orthodontic treatment planning has been dramatic in the recent decades. Before
the introduction of radiographic cephalometry, orthodontics decision making was primarily based on observations of facial form and dental relationships. Treatment was then prescribed according to the dental movements required to correct the malocclusion. With improvements in cephalometric analysis and evaluation,
orthodontists became more aware of the role of underlying jaw disproportion in the etiology of malocclusion.
Analyses and treatment methods designed to address both the dental and skeletal components of orthodontic
problems became more universal. The approach to an orthognatic patient should not be based only on models
and cephalometric numbers but it should be focused also on a clinical examination of the patient both at rest
and with smile animation in all the three dimensions. The three major components of the analysis are the
macro-mini-micro aesthetic divisions. An adequate evaluation of individuals with dentofacial deformities and
subsequent treatment plan for them, must include the the precise general history, comprehensive clinical examination and diagnostic evaluation. Orthodontist and surgeon have to be in close collaboration from the very
beginning and to evaluate the kefalometric, photographic and oclusal and dental casts analyzes, correspondingly raising the best treatment possibilities. The team approach in correction of the mandibular prognatism
is the typical example of the effectiveness of such combined treatment. The goal of presurgical orthodontic
treatment is to place the teeth in their normal relation to the respective basal bones by removing the dental
compensation to the existing skeletal deformitie. During the surgical procedure very important moment is
positioning of oclusal splint before IMF, previously prepared by orthodontist. Such splint can stabilize oclusal relationship, significantly improves postoperative healing and decrease recurrences. Contemporary orthodontists and maxillofacial surgeons have learned a lot from the pioneers of orthognathic surgery. Using such
experiences we can realize effective treatment for dentofacial deformities with long term stability, preserved
periodontal health, enhanced function of the upper airways and significant improvement of facial aesthetic in
the most of the cases.
73
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
- , DDS, PhD
3 1974 .
1997 . 2000 .
2003 . 2006 . 2013
.

South European Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Research (SEJODR).
, .

(1999-2000, 2001-2002).
, (,
, ). (, )
. 16
, .
The Albert A. Dahlberg Prize, Dental Anthropology Association (DAA)
2002 Incognito I.st Prize, S.I.D.O., Florence 2009 ..
74

Asso. Prof. Tomislav Lauc, DDS, PhD
Tomislav Lauc was born in Zagreb, 1974. Received his dental and orthodontic education at the Faculty of Dentistry in Zagreb. He finished his postgraduate studies in orthodontics and received master degree B. Sc. in 2000,
and PhD 2003. In 2006 he became a specialist in orthodontics. Since 2013 he is Associate Professor in the Department of Anthropology of Sveuchilishte u Zagrebu.
He is the President of the Croatian Orthodontic Society and Editor of the journal South European Journal
of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Research (SEJODR). He is also Visiting Professor at the Department of Oral
Surgery in Zagreb, and the Department of Orthodontics in Sarajevo.
Dr. Lauc supplemented his experience during both stays at the Institute of Anthropology at the University of
Wienn (1999-2000, 2001-2002). In his profession he educated himself on courses and congresses at home and
abroad (Austria, Russia, USA).
He participated with papers (poster, oral presentations and plenary lectures) in numerous congresses and symposiums in the country and abroad. He is a member of 16 local and international associations, including the
European Orthodontic Society and the Tweed Foundation.
Dr Lauc was awarded with The Albert A. Dahlberg Prize, Dental Anthropology Association (DAA) in 2002
and Incognito I.st Prize, S.I.D.O., Florence in 2009 .
75
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,

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.
76

Revealing the true position

of the impacted teeth
The use of proper diagnostic method can be the difference between the success and the failure of the orthodontic treatment of impacted teeth. For an accurate evaluation of the proximity between a tooth and associated features, presence of root resorption, mandibular canal, cortical bone, ankylosis and spatial orientation
two-dimensional radiographs have serious limitations. Several plain film radiographs taken at diverse angles
still do not provide enough information mostly due to superimposition of adjacent teeth and due to orientation
of impacted tooth.
Multi-planar images reproduce the third dimension and significantly increase diagnostic accuracy compared
to panoramic or periapical radiographs with greater sensitivity and specificity. Several studies revealed the
evidence for the diagnostic efficacy of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) for impacted teeth. A statistically significant difference in CBCT vs. traditional radiography was found for pathology location, determining
root resorption, usefulness, adequacy in treatment planning and became the overall recommended mode. It
can be used for interpretation of buccolingual information and to delineate long-axis orientation of unerupted
teeth. This lecture reviewsthe principles of CBCT imaging, its clinical application in orthodontics and the
importance of this diagnostic method for tooth impaction treatment.
77
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
- , DDS, PhD
20.12.1965 .
, . ,
1989 .
, .
1996 ;
1995 .
, 2005 .
, . , ,

, .
.
1992 .
-

;
, ;
.

. ( Journal of the Antropological Society of Serbia)
,
.
,
.
.
(
, , EOS,
WFO, ADS,
BaSS).
78

Asso. Prof. Gabriela Kjurchieva-Chuchkova DDS, PhD
Born on 20.12.1965 in Skopje.

Received her dental and orthodontic education at the Faculty of Dental Medicine, Department of Orthodontics,
University Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje.
She finished her postgraduate studies in orthodontics and received her master degree B. Sc. in 1995, specialisation
1996, and PhD 2005. Since 1992 she is emploed at P.H.O. University Dental Clinical Center, Department of Orthodontics, Skopje, and as a assocciate professor at the Faculty of Dental Medicine, Department of Orthodontics.
Her main fields of research are functional and morphological changes of the orofacial region due to influence
of functional disturbances on growth and development, cephalometric standards, early orthodontic treatment
of dentoalveolar and sceletal discrepancy, myofunctional orthodontics, interdisciplinary treatment of impacted
teeth.
DrKjurchieva-Chuchkova is an author of scientific papers published in domestic and foreign journals, and an
invited reviewer of Journal of the Anthropological Society of Serbia. She presented her work at numerous congresses home and abroad, as an invited speaker. Also she organizes conferences and congresses in the Republic
of Macedonia.
Member of the scientific board of national congresses with international participation, and editor of a book
of abstracts from congresses. Participated in the national program Strategicplanfor thedevelopmentof dentistryin the Republic ofMacedoniainthe period2011-2021, DentalChamber ofMacedonia, Skopje, 2010
She is member of the Macedonian Orthodontic Society - President, member of Macedonian Dental Society, member ofthe European Orthodontic Society (EOS), World Federation of Orthodontics (WFO), Balkan
Stomatologic Society (BaSS), Anthropological Society of Serbia (ADS).
79
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
,
.

. .
,
, .
,
, .

,
. ,

.
80

Clinical trial for

interceptive treatment of impaction
The eruption process is a very complex phenomenon depending of synchronously action of various factors .
Since permanent maxillary canines have the longest and most tortuous eruption route, disturbances in theire
eruption are quite commonly presented problems. Ectopically or nonerupting canines can lead to impaction,
resorption of the roots of the adjacent permanent teeth, or even bone loss.
The purpose of this lecture is to evaluate developing dentition and early diagnosis of ectopic eruption based
on both clinical and radiographic signs.
Careful supervision and early detection of ectopic eruption may prevent complications, accompanying with
extraction of deciduous canines as a preventive procedure. Extraction of corresponding deciduous canines
has been recommended as a preventive treatment to promote the eruption of malposed canines.
81
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
- , DDS, PhD
. dr. sci, .
2001 , , 2005 ,
2011 . 2008 .
. 2011 ,
.
(, ,
).
.

.
82

Assoc. Prof. Enita Nakash, DDS, PhD
Enita Nakash was born in Sarajevo. She graduated at the Faculty of Dentistry in Sarajevo in 2001. She finished
her postgraduate studies in orthodontics and received her master degree B. Sc. in 2005, specialisation 2008, and
PhD 2011.
She is Head of the Department of Orthodontics at the Faculty of Dentistry at University in Sarajevo in 2011,
and President of the Orthodontic Society of BiH.
During her professional life, she was educated throughout courses and congresses at home and abroad (Austria,
Finland, USA).
Dr. Nakash presented her work at numerous congresses home and abroad participated with poster, oral presentations and plenary lecture. She is the author of numerous local and international publications.
83
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
0,9-2,2%
0,07-1,29%.
2,3: 1.
85%, 8% .

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.
.
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.
.
84

Enjoy the ride:

treatment of impacted canine
Incidence of maxillary canine impaction is 0.9-2.2% and mandibular canine impaction occur even less frequently 0.07-1.29%. Maxillary canine impactions occur twice as often in females than in males in the ratio
2.3:1. Majority of the canine impactions are palatal 85% only 8% of canine impactions are bilateral.
Many researches are focused on diagnostic protocol that could help in localization (bucco-palatal position,
height, angulation) of impacted canine in order to have successful treatment.
Each patient with an impacted canine must undergo a comprehensive evaluation. The clinician should then
consider the various treatment options available for the patient.
Treatment options can be: extraction of primary canine can improve the possibilitie of eruption; Surgically
assisted orthodontic guidance; autotransplantation etc.
The aim of this lecture is to make overwiev of treatment protocols for successful treatment of impacted canine. With major atention on importance of biomechanics.
85
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
. . , DDS, PhD
.
. 1994 , 2002
. 1995
. 3 2
.
2004-2010 . 2010 ,
. , , - 100
. Coltene , Whaledent , .
, ,
, COMPOONEER .
86

Prof. Dr. Sonja Apostolska, DDS, PhD
Sonja Apostolska is an Associate Professor at the Faculty of Dentistry at the University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje. In 1994 she becomes an MSc, and in 2002 she becomes a PhD in Restorative dentistry and endodontics. In 1995 she obtained the title of specialist in Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics. She is the Chief
of Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics. Mrs.Apostolska is the author of 2 student books for
students who study dentistry and also published 3 monographs. She was a president of the Association of Specialists in Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics which is part of the Macedonian Dental Society, from 2004
to 2010. Since 2010 until today she has been the President of the Macedonian Dental Society. She is a member
of ERO, FDI and author and co-author of more than 100 professional and scientific papers. She is the official
presenter of the company Coltene, Whaledent, Switzerland. She has held lectures and courses in the field of
aesthetics, endodontics, white bleaching and COMPOONEER Direct Composite Veneering System.
87
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
.

.
.
, , . ,
.
, ,

.
88

Diastema closure with direct composite material
Anterior diastema may compromise the harmony of a patients smile. Diastema closure with direct composite
restorations can be a conservative treatment modality to improve the appearance of a smile.Treatment options
for diastema closure depend on the number and size of the spaces and on the aesthetic demands of the patient.
Orthodontic space closure should be considered, and is often the treatment choice, particularly for young
patients.However, there are many situations where orthodontic treatment is not an option. Closing diastema
between anterior teeth with composite resin with direct technique is conservative and timesaving, and the presented technique which provides adequate contour can be carried out very easily by many dental practitioners.
89
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
. - , DDS, PhD
- , .
.
, , 15. 03. 1961 .
:
-
, 1984/85 ,
-
, 1994,
-
, 1996 ,
-
, 2000 ,
. , .
- :
-
, -
, , .
- :
-

,
-
.
,
-
. , ,
2009/12
-

-
Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences (MJMS).
Professor Mira Jankulovska, DDS, PhD
90

Professor Mira Jankulovska, DDS, PhD
Dr. Mira Jankulovska born in Skopje 15th of March, 1961, graduated with a BA at the Faculty of Dental medicine
(1985), University Ss Cyril and Methodius, Skopje, where she later obtained her MSc (1994), and PhD (2001)
degrees. In 1989 she was employed at the Clinic for pedriatric and preventive dentistry in Skopje, were she
completed her specialization in 1996 in this field.
Her present duties are:
-
Profesor at the Departement of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, obligated lecturer for the subject
Community Dentristry;
-
Chief executive of the Clinic of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry
-
member of the Edithorial board of the Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences (MJMS).
Her previous duties were:
-
president of the Board of Specialists association for pediatric and preventive dentistry in Republic of
Macedonia.
-
Vice Dean of the Faculty of Dentistry, University Ss Cyril and Metodius, 2009/12
She is one of the autors of the book Community dentistry and the monographs: Oral microflora and dental
caries, Fluorides in the oral medium in prevention of the dental decay and Nutrition and the oral health.
Published numerous papers and participated in various scientific projects and books.
Her research interest is in Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, Fluorides in prevention of the dental decay, Oral
health education in the community, Community Dentistry, Dental care for children with special needs.
91
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
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pH ,
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92

The impact of fixed-orthodontic treatment

on oral health
Maloclusions are defined by different clinical signs: dental, aesthetic, functional and skeletal parameters. A
number of local factors have an impact in the maxillary and mandibular growth, and can simultaneously represent causes for the development of dental-skeletal anomalies. Orthodontic or orthopedic treatment indicated
to solve these as functional and aesthetic concerns, however, over the duration of orthodontic treatment, is
maintaining difficult oral hygiene and increased accumulation of dental plaque.
According to contemporary literature, metal braces can be responsible for the creation of conditions in lower
pH environment, which allows demineralization of dental hard substances around their basis, while at the
same time, because of the acidic environment created by bacterial plaque, favor the diffusion of calcium and
phosphate ions out of the enamel.
In oral medium increases the number of cariogenic bacteria such as Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus
sobrinus shortly after setting of orthodontic appliances.
The process of demineralization of enamel is an unwanted but common complication in fixed orthodontic
treatment. The interplay between four factors: the tooth as host,cariogenic microorganisms and substrate,
present lengthy period (time) is involved in the ethiologyof the mineral loss from the enamel of the teeth and
the determination of demineralization. Recently, many studies show that in the course of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances highest incidence of demineralization was observed in the area of the
upper front
teeth because they are least exposed to saliva.
Therefore, it is very important to identify changes in oral fluid in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment
with fixed therapy, especially in cases where is indicated long-term orthodontic treatment, in terms of education and implementation of appropriate preventive measures.
93
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
. - , DDS, PhD
3.07.1964 , .
, . ,
1987 .
,
. 1999 ;
2002 . -
, 2007 . e

, . , , .

, .
. 1995 .
- ,
.
.
. (European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, Medical Science Monitor, Indian Journal of Dental Research, Journal of Clinical
Medicine and Research, Clinical and Experimental Medical Letters, Diabetes Technology and Therapeutics)
.
,
.
,
.
.

.
94

Professor Snezana Pesevska, DDS, PhD
Prof.Snezana Pesevska was born on 3.07.1964, in Ljubovija, Serbia.

In 1987, she graduated from the Faculty of Dentistry, University Sv. Kiril i Metodij in Skopje, Macedonia.
In 1999 she specialized at the Department of oral medicine and periodontology at Faculty of Dentistry, University Sv. Kiril i Metodij .
MA in 2002.entitled Evaluation of the effects of combined conventional-physical treatment of periodontal
initial affection and Ph.D. in 2007, on Application of laser therapy in the treatment of periodontal disease, at
the Department of oral medicine and periodontology at Faculty of Dentistry, University Sv. Kiril i Metodij ,
in Skopje, Macedonia.
She works as a professor of the Department of oral medicine and periodontology at Faculty of Dentistry, University Sv. Kiril i Metodij , and at the Clinic of oral medicine and periodontology, at USKC St. Pantelejmon
in Skopje, since 1995.
Her field of interest in scientific research and clinical activity area in periodontology, oral pathology and focal
infections. Particular field of interest is the application of lasers in dentistry and verification of their therapeutic
efficacy.
DrPeshevska is the author of numerous scientific papers published in national and international dental and
medical journals. She is a reviewer in international scientific journals (European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, Medical Science Monitor, Indian Journal of Dental Research, Journal of Clinical
Medicine and Research, Clinical and Experimental Medical Letters, Diabetes Technology and Therapeutics) and
in Macedonian Dental Review and magazine CONTRIBUTIONS of MANU.
She participated actively in oral and poster presentations at symposiums and conferences at home and abroad,
and as invited lecturer at international conferences at home and abroad.
She is a member of the Scientific Board of national congresses with international participation, and international conventions. Also, participated in the national program Strategic Plan for the development of dentistry
in the country, organized by the Dental Chamber of Macedonia.
DrPeshevska is a member of the Association of specialists in oral medicine and periodontology and Macedonian Dental Association.
95
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,

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96

Halitosis- From diagnosis to management
Halitosis is one of the major complaints made by patients visiting the dentist, ranking only behind dental caries
and periodontal disease and is estimated to affect 50% of the population with varying degrees of intensity. Oral
malodour is a common complaint, often causing embarrassment and affecting interpersonal realtions and
social communication. Causes for halitosis can be oral or extra-oral.
The etiology of halitosis is often caused by many oral reasons : poor oral hygiene, gingival and periodontal diseases, conditions affecting the oral mucous membrane, severe carious lesions, poor dental restorations, food
impaction, reduced salivation, oral breathing as well as dental appliances. The obvious question whether there
is a direct causal relationship between orthodontic appliances specifically fixed appliances and halitosis has
not been investigated to date. The effect of orthodontic treatment on periodontal health has been investigated
in a number of studies.The design and surface structure of the orthodontic appliance, type of brackets, the
manner of mounting the orthodonticwire on the brackets influence plaque retention. Thebrackets and ligatures have a negative effect onnatural cleaning by creating retention areas forplaques, making the mechanical
cleaning of the teethand gingiva by the tongue and lips more difficult, andincreasing the viscosity of the saliva.
Periodontalinflammationandhyperplasia, as well demineralization of the teeth have been found as a result of
failure of ensuring adequate oral hygiene. It has been stated that accumulation of plaque and the increase in
bacterial count and tongue coating clearly are also involved in the formation of halitosis that reaches critical
levels during fixed orthodontic therapy. Halitosis can be diagnosed by 3 primary methods: organoleptic method, gas chromatography and sulfide monitoring.
In the complex treatment of the patient it is necessary to improve and adequately train the patient to maintain
oral hygiene in the newly created conditions, without neglecting measures to reduce the bacterial load of the
tongue.
Management of halitosis is approached through three primary methods: mechanical reduction of micro-organisms and their substances, chemical reduction of microorganisms and masking products. Preventive measures to minimize the possibility of halitosis in orthodontic therapy are an additional motivation for a successful acceptance of it among the young population.
The complexity of halitosis raises the interdisciplinary approach that is a reliable way for optimal dealing with
this serious problem for patients.
97
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
-.
-. 1981 . 2005
2005 E.
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2011 .
,
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, , ,
Mandibular Advancement Devices (MADs) . 2012 ,
Ormco Advanced Education
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, (
- , TMD.), 2014

., 2015 3-
.
, TMD TMD.
2015 Key Opinion Leader , , 2- KOL
Meeting 3- KOL eeting ( 2-
MENA Ormco Symposium).
98

Dr. Elena Georgieva Vasilevska
Dr. Elena Georgieva Vasilevska was born 1981 in Skopje . In 2005 gets the title doctor of dentistry and in 2005
it was one of the founders of PHI Denta ES .PHI Denta Es nowadays it is a Policlinic and educational center.
She completed her postgraduates studies in 2011 and gaining the title Specialist in Orthodontics. During and
after the completion of the specialization ,she works actively in the field of orthodontics attending numerous
courses and educations.She participated in courses for fixed classical technique , numerous courses for Selfligating systems,and Lingual orthodontics, Myofunctional therapy and mini Implants in orthodontic therapy
as skeletal anchorage.
2011 participate in courses for treatment of patients with dysfunction Temporomandibularna held by dr.Elizabet Menzel (Germany) , founder of Orthodontic Continuing Education Temporomandibular joint treatment,
and working actively since the treatment of patients with TMD , and sleep apnea , using a splint therapy and
Selfligating Damon system , also using Mandibular Advancement Devices(MADs) for Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome.
In 2012 after specialized training spend by Ormco Advanced Education became a licensed Educator for the
Damon System .
Since then has performed a lot of in- office courses, basic and advanced, for Damon orthodontic system ,that
have been participated by orthodontists from Macedonia , Kosovo and Albania.
She was speaker at Symposium of Macedonian Orthodontic Society, Skopje (Early elastics in self-ligating systems, and special treatment of TMD patients)., In 2014 She was Speaker of Balkan Orthodontic Symposium.,
held active courses for Damon system in Albania.,2015 invited Speaker at 3rd International Orthodontic Symposium of Kosovo Orthodontic Society.
She also teaches and helding courses for TMD and orthodontic treatment in patients with TMD.
From 2015 become Key Opinion Leader for Europe, Middle East and Africa,and was active Speaker at 2nd KOL
Meeting, Jordan , and active Speaker at 3rd KOL meeting in Dubai( held during 2nd MENA Ormco Symposium).
99
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100

Proper orthodontic biomechanics for creating

functional occlusion
The ultimate responsibility of the orthodontic therapist is to treat all three components of the stomatognathic
system to create an environment for synergistic function of the teeth, temporomandibular joints and the neuromuscular system.
Orthodontic treatment has great effect of dental occlusion (relationship of the maxilla to the mandible) and its
direct and indirect biomechanical interaction with the cranium, cervical spine, thoracic cage, pelvis and the feet.
We can use appropriate functional orthopaedic devices in a growing child to ensure optimal functional occlusion . Growth-stimulating treatments and bone-growth motivating forces support the healing effectively, even
with adults.
Specific orthodontic treatment with proper occlusal splint as anchorage and fixed low force passive selfligation
systems will positively affect the biomechanical function of joints and creating functional occlusion.
Also it is very important to know how to select proper torques, and intermaxillary elastics in simultaneously
orthodontic biomechanic to insure proper functional occlusion. These will include treatment planning, torque
selection, bracket positioning, disarticulation, use of early light elastics and finishing techniques. Also sometimes TADs are applicable in border line cases to achieve functional occlusion.
101
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
- , 2004
Gold Hippocrates Award, .
2008 . o
(, , ).
5- , 2009
, .
,
, , , , headgear, 3D
, .
- (Bulgarian Orthodontic Society)
(European Ortodontic Society).
(,
, ).
102

D-r Galin Gavrilov
D-r Galin Gavrilov graduated from the Faculty of Dentistry in Sofia in 2004 with an honorary award he Gold
Hippocrates Award, and also earning his master degree. Since 2008, he is a specialist in orthodontics. His professional education continued with multiple courses at home and abroad (Sofia, Dubrovnik, Taiwan).
With prior 5-year experience as a general dentist in private practice, he works as a specialist orthodontist in the
Orthodontic Clinic VALOR since 2009 onwards. As part of this clinic, several courses were organized whose
main interests were: biomechanics of fixed appliances, leveling and alignment, stability and relapses, application of miniscrews, headgear, 3D lingual treatment, etc.
Dr. Gavrilov is a member of the Bulgarian Orthodontic Society (Bulgarian Orthodontic Society) and of the
European Orthodontic Society (European Ortodontic Society).
He participated with oral and poster presentations at local and international congresses (Bulgaria, Russia,
Macedonia).
103
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,

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.
:
*
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104

Orthodontic preparation for optimal

white and red esthetics
Galin Gavrilov, Valor Clinic, Sofia, Bulgaria
The presentation aims to advocate necessity of close collaboration between orthodontists and other dental
specialists for optimal results in cases with Boltons discrepancy and hypodontia, as well as the potential of this
interdisciplinary approach in various other cases.
The presentation includes well documented clinical cases with:
-Boltons discrepancy - diagnosis and treatment planning
-hypodontia
-direct and indirect restorations
-stripping orthodontic camouflage for black triangles and its occlusal effects
-orthodontically generated bone for implant site development
-gingival recessions prevention an orthodontic perspective of root torque, gingival phenotype and
red esthetics
Some mistakes caused by missing collaboration will also be shown.
105
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
O01

.1, .2, .1, .1, .3
, , , ,
2
, , , ,
3
, , ,
1
:
MULTI-Guide .
: 2002-2014, 5
.
overjet 31,
overjet 9-12. : ,
5 , 12h 20.5
8 .
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:
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108

OP01
THE USE OF EXTRAORAL MULTI-GUIDETM DISTRACTOR IN FUNCTIONAL RECONSTRUCTION
OF MANDIBLE IN PATIENTS WITH SEVERE MANDIBULAR MICROGNATHIA AND HEMIMANDIBULAR HYPOPLASIA
Buric N.1, Buric M.2, Pesic Z.1, Krasic D.1, Bill J3.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Nis, School of Medicine and Stomatology, Nis, Serbia
Department of Orthodontics, University of Nis, School of Medicine and Stomatology, Nis, Serbia
3
Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Julius Maximilian University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
1
2
Aim: To summarize clinical results of distraction osteogenesis of the severe mandibular hypoplasio with
MULTI- GUIDED distractor.
Materials and Methods: In the period from 2002-2014, distraction osteogenesis of the mandible in 5 patients were done. 3 patients had an underdeveloped mandible by micrognathiae type mandible with a maximum overjet of 31mm and 2 patients had laterognathio and unilateral mandibular hypoplasia with overjet of
9-12mm. Surgical protocol was applied: bilateral mandibular osteotomy, latency period of 5 days, the rhytham
of distraction were 12h with the degree of distraction of 2x 0.5mm per day and stabilization period of 8 weeks.
Results: In patients with mandibular micrognathio, the functionally significant improvement with a reduction
over jets and normoclussion were achieved. Distraction osteogenesis enabled natural mandibular appearance
in the patients with hemimandibular hypoplasio. The aesthetic overall appearance and function of cranio-mandible-maxillary complex of patients were corrected up to normal facial appearance.
Conclusion: It is possible functional reconstruction of mandible with severe deformities by multidirectional
extraoral distractor with minimal morbidity of operated region.
Key words: mandibular hypoplasia, distraction osteogenesis, micrognathio, distractor
109
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
O02

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, ,
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1996 2010 .
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.

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,
.
110

OP02
AN ORTHODONTISTS PERSPECTIVE IN CLEFT LIP AND PALATE CARE
Dimovska R.1, Naumovski S2.
Private Dental Clinic KRUNA MS, Skopje, Macedonia
University Clinic for Maxilofacial surgery, Skopje, Macedonia
1
2
Aim: To relate the perspective of orthodontist according to the role they play in the multidisciplinary team.
Matherial and method: The sources of the information were the datas collected from the Clinic of maxillofacial
surgery in Skopje and the Republic Institute of Health protection in the Republic of Macedonia in the period
between1996-2010.
Results: The number of patients with cleft lip-palate and craniofacial anomalies is a problem in the Republic
of |Macedonia. These patients have complicated problems including physical health, psychosocial, and poor
quality of life; therefore, a multidisciplinary care team should be established. This study encouraged the improvement of the quality of healthcare service system to improve the quality of life the patients and their families. Orthodontists are important part in the multidisciplinary team, and helps to improve the other activities
including academic, service and research.
Conclusion: Highly-skilled and experienced orthodontist in the multidisciplinary patient care team Can play
a vital role through the provision of advanced and specific knowledge to orthodontic management. The role of
the orthodontist should be researched to enhance the quality of orthodontic management, thereby contributing to multisciplinary care team development.
111
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
O03

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, , ,
, , ,
3
, , ,
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2
: .
,
.
: 24 , ,
, , ,
, 25 35, 36, 45 46. ,
, , , .
- , ,
,
. ,
(BSSO), .
.
.
: 3-
.
.
112

OP03
COMBINED ORTHODONTIC AND ORTHOGNATIC SURGERY
IN TREATMENT OF PROGENIA
Dzipunova B.1, Toseska-Spasova N.1, Kirkov A.2, Radojkova-Nikolovska V.3, Popovska M.3
Department of orthodontics, Faculty of dentistry, Skopje, Macedonia
University Clinic for Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of dentistry, Skopje, Macedonia
3
Department of oral medicine and periodontology, Faculty of dentistry, Skopje, Macedonia
1
2
The aim of this article is to present a case with very complex jaw deformities. Guidelines for the treatment of
sagittal, transversal and vertical dentofacial deformations will be discussed.
Case report: 24 year old male with severe maxillary crowding, maxillar compression, bilateral cross bite, lower
incisor lingvoinclination, open bite, anterior cross bite, destruction of 25, extraction of 35, 36, 45 and 46. Also
with concave profile, excessive lower facial height, disturbed mastication, deglutition and speech, and very
poor aesthetics.
After intra- and extraoral-survey, X-Ray and cephalometric examination, caries and parodonthal therapy, it
was started with orthodontic nivelation of dental arches. After that, it was performed mandibular orthognatic
surgery (BSSO) with several weeks fixation. It was achieved good occlusion and facial appearance. Patient was
suggested to put a prosthetic bridges in lower arch and retention with functional appliance.
Conclusion: It should always be kept in mind that the face and month are complex three-dimensional structures and multifunctional in character. Multidisciplinary approach are essential for achieving correct functional occlusion and eligible appearance.
113
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12-15, 2016 , ,
O04
II 1 :

.1, .2, .2, - .2.
, ,
, ,
1
2
() headgear (AH) , II 1 ,
.
: 50 (28 ) -
, 8-13 ( 11), II 1 ,
AH (N=25) ,
, , . - -
50 II 1 , , ,
ANB . .
: ,
SNB , , ANB,
SNA, ,
.
(90,9%; p <0.001).
AH, , ,
, AH
.
(9,1%; p = 0.041).
: II 1
, .
, T, , , ,
.
114

OP04
CLASS II DIVISION 1 MALOCCLUSION: COMPARISON OF TWO TREATMENT APPROACHES
WITH UNTREATED SUBJECTS
Spalj S.1, Mroz Zurawska K.2, Birkeland K.2, Vandevska-Radunovic V.2.
Department of Orthodontic School of Medicine University of Rijeka, Croatia
Department of Orthodontic Faculty of Dentistry University of Oslo, Norway
1
2
Aims: To compare the treatment effect of functional appliances Twin Block (TB) and activator-headgear (AH)
on skeletal, dental and soft tissue structures in Class II division 1 malocclusion with normal growth changes of
untreated subjects.
Subjects and methods: The sample included 50 subjects (28 females) in pre-pubertal stages or peak growth
velocity aged 8-13 years (median 11) with Class II division 1 malocclusion treated with either AH (N=25) or
TB appliances at the University Dental Schools in Oslo, Norway and Rijeka, Croatia. Pre- and post-treatment
lateral cephalograms were evaluated and compared to 50 untreated Class II division I cases matched by age,
gender, ANB angle and skeletal maturity. Discriminant analysis was performed.
Results: Treated subjects in comparison to untreated controls exhibited higher increase in SNB angle, protrusion of mandibular incisors, decrease of ANB, decrease in increment of SNA, retroclination and retrusion of
maxillary incisors, and decrease of facial convexity and upper facial height. Changes in those features accounted for high variability of distinction between treated and untreated subjects accounted for (90.9%; p<0.001).
TB treatment in comparison to AH produced more proclination of mandibular incisors, lower lip protrusion,
more enhanced effective growth of maxilla and mandible, while AH produced anterior rotation of mandible.
Discrimination between the two treatment groups was low (9.1%; p=0.041).
Conclusions: Both appliances contributed successfully to the correction of Class II division 1 malocclusion due
to improved skeletal, dentoalveolar and soft tissue characteristics. However, treatment with TB results in more
enhanced mandibular growth but also more mandibular incisor proclination.
115
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12-15, 2016 , ,
O05
VTO -
II
J.1
, , ,
: VTO
- .
: 10 II, 1 ,
. .
Klammt .
I .
Audax .
VTO.
:
, ,
.
. VTO
, .
:VTO
.
.
-
VTO .
116

OP05
VTO OF SOFT AND HARD TISSUE CHANGES DURING CLASS II TREATMENT WITH REMOVABLE FUNCTIONAL APPLIANCE
Popova Y.1
Department of orthodontics, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria
Aim of the study: To cephalometrically compare VTO visualized expected treatment effects of removable
functional appliance relative to the real soft and hard tissue treatment effects.
Materials and Methods: Two groups of 10 growing patients Class II, division 1, with mandible skeletal retrusion. The patients in the first group were treated with Trainers. The second group patients were treated with
Klammts elastic open activator. All patients had lateral cephalograms at the beginning of the treatment and
after they achieved Class I molar relationship. All cephalograms were traced using Audax software program.All
of them, which were taken in the begiinning of the treatment were used to make VTO.
Results: Treatmentwith removable functional appliance during growth may favourably effect the sagital skeletal discrepancies. Vertical effects of craniofacial growth pattern are small but statistically significant. The soft
tissue changes differ from the skeletal changes and it is hard to predict them using quantitive measurement.
VTOgives an indicative, approximate view of the final medical result.
Conclusion: VTO helps patients understand what to expect at the end of treatment. It allows them to actively
participate in the treatment planning and to be responsible and motivated during treatment.
Using the data from the skeletal and soft tissue changes of this study, we can create more precise VTO images.
117
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12-15, 2016 , ,
O06

J .1,2, .2, .2, - .2,
, ,
, , ,
1
2
:
,
.
: e
, 6-9 .
, : T4K
II
Myobrace ( III) I-3 , III
- III.
: - 4
, , overjet-,
. - Myobrace (interceptive class III) I-3 ,
tete--tete , .
: to
.
, ,
.
118

OP06
MYOFUNCTIONAL THERAPY APPLIED IN EARLY MIXED DENTITION
Jankulovska V.1,2, Dimovska I.2, Pop Acev D.2, Kurcieva-Chuchkova G.2
1
2
Private Dental Practice JANKULOVSKI, Skopje, cedoni

Department of orthodontics, Skopje, cedoni
Aim: To reflect the impact of orthodontic treatment with myofunctional appliances in patients with early
mixed dentition, in order to achieve adequate functional occlusion and to correct jaw relationship.
Materials and method: In this presentation the treatment of patients with dysfunctional influence of the forces
of the soft tissue structures and myofunctional habits, aged from 6-9 years. Patients were treated at the Clinic
for Orthodontics in Skopje, using myofunctional appliances: Trainer T4K appliances were used for correction
of crowding and jaw discrepancies with malocclusion Class II and Myobrace (interceptive class III) I-3 appliance was used for mild Class III or pseudo Class III malocclusion.
Results: Effects of pre-orthodontic treatment with Trainer T4K were represented by optimal jaw alignment,
correction or reduction in maxillary incisors protrusion, overjet reduction, and noticeably improved facial
profile. Effects of pre-orthodontic treatment with Myobrace (interceptive class III)I3 appliance through retraining the tongue activity were: edge to edge incisors relation, preventing surgical intervention in the future.
Conclusion: Proper identifying of soft tissue dysfunction and proper treatment of these problems enables better performed myofunctional orthodontic treatment. By establishing muscular balance, and eliminating oral
dysfunctions, these myofunctional appliences are remarkable tools that offer the greatest benefits for the patients in the most effective way.
119
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
O07
:

M .1, .1, .1 , .1
, M , ,
:

.
.
:
2009 2013
, MDT OPT .
: ( 60%)
.
:
.
120

OP07
A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY: CANINE ERUPTION INTO ALVEOLAR
BONE GRAFTS
Mathewson .1, Drake D.1, Sugar A.1, Knox J.1
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, Wales
Aim: To evaluate the eruption of permanent canines in patients who have undergone alveolar bone grafts
under the care of the The Welsh Centre for cleft lip and palate and need for further surgical intervention. To
support the early surgical approach adopted by the Welsh Centre for Cleft Lip and Palate.
Method: a retrospective study of patients who underwent alveolar bone grafting between January 2009 and
December 2013. An analysis of clinical case notes, MDT discussion summaries and OPT radiographs.
Results: Majority (60%) of canines underwent spontaneous eruption through alveolar bone graft.
Conclusions: The Welsh protocol produces good results which are comparable to other units where surgery is
performed later.
121
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12-15, 2016 , ,
O08
CBCT
.1
, , ,
:
, .

CBCT .
: 111 CBCT I,
. 7 40
3 : - 7 15 ; - 15 18 ; - 18 40
.
11 ,
, 3 .
CBCT ,
. ,
.
: ,
, : <ANB
Wits .
. ,
/.
: 3D CBCT
. .
122

OP08
MORPHOMETRIC FACIAL PROFILE ANALYSIS ON CBCT IMAGES
Gurgurieva V.1
Aim: The comprehensive evaluation of the facial and occlusal discrepancies of a patient requires analysis in the
three planes of space, since the human head is a complex volumetric structure.
The goal of this study was to present a morphometric soft tissue analysis of the facial profile on CBCT images.
Material and method: 111 CBCT scans of patients with dental skeletal class I with no preliminary orthodontic
treatment and balanced profile were studied. Subjects were aged 7 to 40 years and divided into 3 age groups:
children 7 to 15 years; adolescents 15 to 18 years; adults 18 to 40 years.
The soft-tissue profile analysis consisted of 11 linear measurements, identifying all the components of the facial profile, 3 of which were original. For the purposes of comparative evaluation of soft-tissue parameters on
CBCT images and cephalograms linear measurements were more accurate than angular. The measurements
were made with computer software, which allows precise analysis of images.
Results: The linear jaw relationship parameter, used in the presented analysis for evaluation of the skeletal
class, was compared to two standard cephalometric parameters: ANB the WITS appraisal. Statistical analysis
proved that there is linear correlation between these three parameters. Thus the presented new linear parameter is reliable for assessment of maxilla/mandible skeletal relationships.
Conclusion: The 3D CBCT data can greatly expand the orthodontists diagnostic capabilities. It offers a comprehensive evaluation of the dentition and the facial structures.
123
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
O09

- .1, .2, .1, .1, .1
, , ,
., , ,
1
2
,
,
,
. .
()
20- . , 1972 Lamparski Hassel Farman 1995 ,
,
( 2 6), .
, Baccetti, Franchi McNamar 2005 ,
2, 3 4. ,
.
:

. ,
. ,

, .
124

OP09
USE OF CERVICAL VERTEBRAE FOR DETERMINATION OF SKELETAL MATURATION
Pop Stefanova-Trposka .1, Petrova E.2, Sarakinova O.1, Stojanova V.1, Dimitroska S.1
European university, Faculty of dentistry, Skopje, Macedonia
PHO University dental clinical centre St. Pantelejmon, Department of orthodontics, Skopje, Macedonia
1
2
The assessment of skeletal age includes the basic elements of the orthodontic diagnosis, because it enables the
recognition of deviations from normal growth, it determines the treatment and helps timing to begin therapy,
gives the prognosis and plans a retention strategy. It is also important for determination of the appropriate
moment for chirurgic interventions in patients with skeletal anomalies.
The interest for the maturation changes of the cervical vertebrae dates from the first decades of 20-th century.
Based on this findings in 1972 Lamparski, and Hassel and Farman in 1995, created the standards for CVM for
boys and girls, from the morphological changes on five vertebrae (from C2 to C6), which are visible on the
lateral cephalometric radiography.
Today, the most useful method is the method of Baccetti, Franchi and McNamar from 2005, with six stages
for assessing the CVM of the 2, 3 and 4. According to them, this method enables more directly approach
to the relationship between CVM and skeletal maturation of the mandible.
Conclusion: The clinical application of this method in dentofacial orthopedics becomes important for those
tretments protocols which have benefit from the period of accelerated mandibular growth. Cervical Vertebral
Maturation can be useful as a maturational index to detect the optimal time to start treatment of mandibular
deficiencies by means of functional therapy. It means that skeletal maturity can be easily assesed from the lateral cephalogram, which is routenly used in daily orthodontic practise, withous additional radiation for handwrist radiogrphs.
125
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12-15, 2016 , ,
O10
CVS III I
E.1, M.2
., , ,
2
, , ,
1
: CVS
III I.
: CVS ,
.
III I ,
. CVS .
60 (30 III 30 I ) 10-14
.
e: ,
III ( 5 )
.
126

OP10
COMPARISON OF THE CVM METHOD IN CLASS III AND CLASS I PATIENTS
Petrova E.1, M. Pop Stefanova Trposka M.2
PHO University dental clinical centre St. Pantelejmon, Department of orthodontics, Skopje, Macedonia
European university, Faculty of dentistry, Skopje, Macedonia
Aim: To represent CVM method for the detection of the peak in mandibular growth in class III and class I
subjects.
Material and method: CVM method is based on the analysis of the second through fourth cervical vertebre
in a single cephalogram. The use of the CVM method helps the clinicians to identify optimal timing for the
treatment of the class III and class I cases and to compare the duration of the pubertal peack in both of them.
CVM is a biological indicator for skeletal maturity. In that purpose we analyzed 60 subjects (30 with class III
and 30 with class I occlusion) aged 10-14 years.
Results: The average time of onset of pubertal peak in both class I and class III subjects is similar, but the literature shows that in class III subjects it lasts longer (approximately 5 months), so that is the explanation of the
greater increase in mandibular length in that malocclusion.
127
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12-15, 2016 , ,
O11
WNT10A
.1, .1, .1
, , ,
.

.
.
MSX1, PAX9, AXIN2, EDA, IRF6 WNT10A
.
: WNT10A
.
: WNT10A
11 .
:
WNT10A .
: WNT10A
-
.
128

OP11
MUTATIONS IN THE WNT10A GENE IN PATIENTS WITH TOOTH AGENESIS
Pop Acev D.1, Tanatarec I.1, Dimovska I.1
Tooth agenesis is the most common congenital dental anomaly in humans. Missing teeth can be found as a result of genetic disorders or environmental factors that influence during the dental development. Mostly, tooth
agenesis is a condition that has a genetic predisposition.
Mutations in MSX1, PAX9, AXIN2, EDA, IRF6 and WNT10A that were found in patients with tooth agenesis
confirm its genetic etiology.
Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine if mutation in WNT10A can be considered as a risk factor for
tooth agenesis.
Material and methods: For this purpose a genetic examination for possible mutation in WNT10A gene in 11
patients with congenitally missing teeth was made.
Results: WNT10A mutations were identified in 4 patients with isolated hypodontia.
Conclusion: The roll it has in tooth development and high prevalence of mutation in WNT10A gene in patients
with hypodontia makes this gene an important factor for the occurrence of this congenital anomaly.
129
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12-15, 2016 , ,
O12

II 1 -
.1, .2, .3
. , , , .
, . , ,
, .
3
, . , ,
. , , , .
1
2
: ,
II 1 Angle
- III .
: 20 II 1
Angle 20
16-25 .
- . : , ,
, -, ,
, .
: II 1 ,

, , .
0.4 ,
.
: ,

. II 1
I Angle,
.
130

OP12
QUANTITTIVE ANALYSIS OF OCCLUSAL BALANCE IN PATIENTS WITH MALOCCLUSION CLASS
II DIVISION 1 WITH T-SCAN SYSTEM
Trpevska V.1, Kovacevska G.2, Kanurkova L.3
PHO Dental clinical center Sv. Pantelejmon, Clinic for orthodontics, Skopje, Macedonia.
Faculty of Dental Medicine, University Ss. Kiril i Metodij, Department of prosthodontics, Skopje, Macedonia.
3
Faculty of Dental Medicine, University Ss. Kiril i Metodij, Department of orthodontics, PHO Dental clinical center Sv.
Pantelejmon, Clinic for orthodontics, Skopje, Macedonia.
1
2
Aim: The aim of this study is to observe and characterize the occlusal balance in maximal intercuspal position
(MIP), protrusion and lateropulsion in patients with malocclusion Class II division 1 with computerized digital occlusal analysis with T-Scan III System.
Material and Method: In this study we analyzed 20 patients with malocclusion Class II division 1 and 20 patients with neutroocclusion as control group, age from 16-25 years. T-Scan III System analysis recorded the
following parameters: center of occlusal force (COF), occlusal contacts distribution in the anterior-posterior
direction, bilaterally, occlusion time, disclusion time and occlusal intereferences in maximal intercuspal position, protrusion and lateropulsion.
Results: Patients with Class II division 1 had the center of occlusal force bilaterally assimterical and anteroposteriorly, located more mesially than the first permanent molar region. Futhermore, these patients had occlusal
contacts bilaterally asymmetrical about the midsagittal axis of occlusal plane with occlusion time longer than
0.4 sec. Balancing side, working side and protrusive occlusal interferences were observed in Class II division 1
patients.
Conclusion: T-Scan III System is high technology instrument to identify, to record and analyze tooth contact
data and is very useful as a clinical diagnostic screening device for occlusal balance evaluation. Compared with
neutroocclusion, occlusion of patients with malocclusion Angle Class II division 1 is unstable and bilaterally
asymmetrical.
131
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
O13
?
J.1, .1, .1
, , ,
(SLB)
. SLB
,
.
( ) .
SLB
, .
.
- SLB .

, , ,
SLB.
a
. SLB
. , ,
.
,
, ,
.
132

OP13
DO SELF-LIGATING BRACKETS DECREASE THE NEED FOR EXTRACTIONS?
Juloski J.1, Stefanovi N.1, Glii B.1
Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia
There have been claims that in most cases using self-ligating brackets (SLB) can decrease the need for orthodontic extractions. SLB are supposed to be more efficient and effective than conventional brackets in respect of
arch expansion and arch lengthening, as well as teeth alignment.
Our aim was to research whether treatment type decision (extraction vs non-extraction) should be made based
on the type of brackets being used. Therefore it was investigated whether claims related to superior performance of SLB are substantiated in scientific literature, as well as in everyday practice.
Online search of electronic databases was performed. Review articles and meta-analyses written in English
comparing SLB and conventional brackets were selected. Another search was conducted in order to find example patients from the records of the Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine in Belgrade,
Serbia that would support various claims about SLB.
Only in a couple of review articles information about influence of brackets type on treatment planning could be
found. Significant advantages of SLB compared to conventional brackets could not be statistically confirmed.
On the other hand, it was realized that almost any claim could be supported by or rejected with a patient example.
133
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
O14
?
. , ., . , ..
, , ,
- , ,
, ,
Case Western Reserve, , ,
, e
.
.

.
: .
28
, . (T1) (2)
(CBCT- : 2mA, 120kV, 12FOV). DICOM
InVivoDental . Oro- (P) (NP)
. ()
.
: OP NP.
OP C . AMC
. AMC
1 2.
:
.
134

OP14
TO EXTRACT OR NOT TO EXTRACT WHAT DO THE AIRWAYS SUGGEST?
Stefanovic N., Juloski J., Nikolin Dj. , Palomo J.M.
Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade Serbia
Private dental office Dr Djordje Nikolin, Stara Pazova, Serbia
Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Imaging Center, School of Dental Medicine, Case Western Reserve
University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
Since the beginnings of modern orthodontics, extractions of permanent teeth have been discussed and disagreed on amongst fellow orthodontists. The ongoing debate on the impact on esthetics and relapse is now
wider and includes TMJ problems and upper airways.
The aim of this study was to compare airway volume changes in patients treated with and without extractions.
Material and Method: Fifty-six orthodontic adolescent patients were included in the study. Twenty-eight who
underwent four first premolar extractions and 28 age- and gender-matched patients treated without extractions.
Patients were scanned before (T1) and after (T2) treatment (CBCT-scanner settings: 2mA, 120kV, 12FOV).
DICOM files were analyzed using InVivoDental software. Oro-(OP) and nasopharyngeal (NP) airway volumes
were automatically segmented. Area of maximum constriction (AMC) in the OP was measured on axial slices.
Results: Both groups showed an increase in OP and NP volumes. Statistical significance was noted for OP volume and AMC increase in the extraction group. Slight decrease in the AMC was noted in the nonextraction
group. Airway volumes and AMC values showed no statistical significance between extraction and nonextraction groups at either T1 or T2.
Conclusion: Results of this study showed that extractions of permanent teeth had no influence on airway dimensions.
135
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
O15

FROG
.1
, , ,
20 .
o FROG. ,
, .
:
FROG .
: 31 II.
.
, , Dahlquist et al.
:
4,38. 4,02 .
, 1,41 mm 2,27 mm.
0,40 mm
0,19mm.
2,04mm.
8,73 - 7,50 .
: FROG .
136

OP15
EVALUATION OF SAGITTAL AND TRANSVERSE TEETH POSITION CHANGES IN THE USE OF
SKELETAL GROG APPLIANCE
Mariyanov .1
Appliances for distalization of molars have became very popular in last 20 years. One of this appliances is skeletal FROG. It combines miniimplants, located in the anterior paramedian region of the palate, and distalizing
springs fixed for distalizing screw.
Aims: The aim of the study is to determine sagittal and transverse tooth position changes measured on plaster
casts when using skeletal FROG appliance.
Materials and Methods: The sample consist of 31 patients with Class II molar relationships. Impressions were
taken before treatment and at the and of distalization. Plaster cast were measured with combined method, that
uses parts from methods proposed by Dinkova and Yordanova, Yordanova and Dahlquist et al.
Results: Statistically proven achieved average distalization of the first permanent molars was 4,38. The upper
second permanent molars distalized an average of 4,02 mm. The first
and second premolars moved distally

respectively an avarege of 1,41 mm and 2,27 mm. The incisal edge of the central incisors moved palatal an
average of 0,40 mm and the cervix of central incisors moved palatal an average of 0,19mm. In the area of intermolar distance was achieved increase of the width of the dental arch with an average of 2,04mm. The right first
permanent molar rotated distobuccally with 8,73 and the left first permanent molar - with 7,50.
Conclusions: Skeletal Frog is effective and reliable appliance for distalization of molars.
137
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
O16
: , - ?
.1
- , ,
: ,
.
:
.
.
:
, , ,
.
:
.
138

OP16
DISTALIZATION OF MOLARS: WHY, HOW, AND MOST OF ALL WHEN?
Kirovski I.1
PZU Dr. Igor Kirovski, Skopje, Macedonia
Aim: The aim of this review paper is to critically look over the technics, indications and eventually counter-indications for distalization of molars in the orthodontic treatment.
Material and method: A number of international scientific papers have been reviewed and techniques and suggestions are summarized. These promoted techniques have been critically valuated by comparing them with
earlier established orthodontic practices.
Results: By synthetizing of the numbered results from the papers ant their critically overview, new and, hopefully, more valid courses for implementation for distalization of molars as a part of the orthodontic treatment
are given.
Conclusion: Critically reviewing of promoted techniques and possibilities for molar distalization gives a more
distinctive approach to the indications and counter-indication of this procedure.
139
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
17

- .1, .1, .2,- .2, .2
, , ,
, , ,
1
3

.
: , , ,
, ,
.
:
.
: ,
.
,
.
, .

.
: :
, , , ,
Wilkinson, Stobies, .
: .
,
. .
,
. , / - ,
.
140

OP17
EXTRACTION CONTROVERSIES IN ORTHODONTICS
Tosheska-Spasova N.1, Dzipunova B.1,Popovska M.2,Radojkova-Nikolovska V.2,AtanasovskaStojanovska A.2
Faculty of Dental Medicine, University Ss. Kiril i Metodij, Department of rthodontics, Skopje, Macedonia.
Faculty of Dental Medicine, University Ss. Kiril i Metodij, Department of oral medicine and periodontology
1
2
The decision whether to extract teeth is one of the most critical and controversial in orthodontic treatment, depending to a large extent on each clinicians personal experience. The main reasons for extractions are: crowding, dentoalveolar protrusion, need for facial profile alteration, mild anteroposterior maxillary discrepancies,
tooth size anomalies, provision of anchorage and stability.
Aim: to introduce various options we have regarding extraction therapy and the controversies surrounding
that.
Material and method: The lecture analyzes the advantages of non-extraction approach, advantages of extraction approach and the evidences about the detrimental effects of extraction.The presentation gives valuable
information regarding the prevalence of extractions in orthodontics , the need for extraction and the factors
affecting choice of extraction. Indications, advantages and disadvanteges for extraction of different teeth are
presented.The lecture focuses on systematic review of contemporary extraction guidelines according to arch
length discrepancy.
Results: More information are introduced and commented covering the different extraction procedures: balancing extractions , compensating extractions, phased extractions, enforced extractions, Wilkinson extractions
, Stobies extractions, serial extractions and driftodontics.
Conclusion: xtractions are done depending upon the choice of treatment by orthodontist. Extraction is justified as means of relieving excessive dental crowding, in circumstances where growth cannot be expected to
provide relief. Border line cases are our greatest responsibility. If a wrong decision is made or a wrong mechanics is carried out, one really stands to do a great disservice to the patient. However, the extraction -non
extraction debate continues, suggesting that more objective information is needed.
141
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
18

A.1, .1
, ,
,
.
.
.

. ,

. ,
.
Forestadent, , ,
.
: , , , .
142

OP18
A VIEW FROM THE LINGUAL SIDE
Podolesova A.1, Podolesov N.1
Private Dental Practice BISERDENT, Skopje, Macedonia
Today, people are more aware that dental esthetic, a nice smile, and a good occlusion make an impact on the
social performance of individuals. This realization led to increased demand for adult treatment. It has also required the development of new tools, materials, and techniques that allow esthetic and functional goals to be
achieve in a shorter period of time and with a higher degree of comfort . So we can offer to our patients the benefits of a perfect smile without the obvious appearance of metal or ceramic brackets. Professions like sportists,
musicians who play on wind instruments, public people cannot go under orthodontic treatment with buccal
braces. Invisible (lingual) orthodontics is the only solution for them. nterior smile esthetics is kept during
the treatment and the orthodontist has good visibility on the position and morphology of the teeth. Through
several case reports treated with Forestadent lingual brackets the author will present the challenge, experience,
opportunities and the advantages using lingual orthodontics in a multidisciplinary practice.
Key words: lingual orthodontics, lingual brackets, esthetics, comfort.
143
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
19
. ?
.1, .1, .1, .1, .1, .1
, , ,
: in vitro in vivo
.
.
- -
.
: In vitro - -
, L929 RAW 264.7 .
8x5x1mm
. -, - -
. (Dulbeccos Modified Eagle Medium).
RAW 264.7 200
40g/ml. .
:

-, - - .

100%- -
.
, .
- ,
.
: ,
.
: , .
144

OP19
ORTHODONTIC BONDING MATERIALS. IS THERE A RISK?
Janoevi P.1, Stojanovi I.1, Najman N.1, Stojanovi S.1, Janoevi .1, Filipovi G.1
Department of orthodontics, School of Medicine and Stomatology, Nis, Serbia
Introduction: Routine use of dental materials requires a number of in vitro and in vivo tests. Most dentists use
materials without paying enough attention to their potential toxic effect.
The aim of this study was to test the cytotoxicity of self and light-cure materials for bonding brackets.
Material and methods: In vitro effect of extracts of self and light-cure materials was examined on two cell lines,
L929 and RAW 264.7. Following the procedures for use, standardized material plates 8x5x1 mm were made.
One, three and seven-day extracts of materials were made. The extraction was done in Dulbecco s Modified
Eagle Medium. In the test of phagocytosis on RAW 264.7 cells the material suspensions in concentration of 200
and 40g / ml were used. MTT test was used as the cytotoxicity test.
Results: There was a statistically significant decrease in viability and proliferation of the examined cells in relation to control when exposed to nearly all tested concentrations of one, three and seven day extract of self-cure
material. There was a statistically significant decrease in cell viability and proliferation only when exposed to
100% of light-cure material extract regardless of the length of extraction. Suspension of self-cure materials
had toxic effect on macrophage cultures without signs of phagocytosis, but only of cellular apoptosis. There was
visiable phagocytosis of light-cure material.
Conclusion. Potential toxic effect was present in both materials, but it was significantly higher in the use of self
cure materials.
Key words: orthodontic bonding materials, cytotoxic effect
145
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
20

A.1, .2, .1, .1
, ,
, ,
1
2
:

.
: 225 (64% ) 18-42
( 21), , .

:
, .
, 0 =
4 = , Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire: Social Aspect of Dentofacial Aesthetics (SA), Facial Aesthetics Concern (FA) Awareness of Dentofacial Aesthetics (AW).
:
(p <0.05). .
.
FA
(p <0.05).
AW (p = 0,038), S.
: ,
.
.
146

OP20
PSYCHOSOCIAL ISSUES RELATED TO THE DEVIATION FROM NORMS OF WELL-BALANCED FACIAL PROFILE
Pavlic .1, Drevensek M.2, Katic V.1, Spalj S.1
Department of Orthodontic School of Medicine University of Ljubljana, Croatia
1
2
Aims: To explore how adults perceive the deviations from the norm of well-balanced facial profile with normal occlusion and to which extent they result in reduced satisfaction with facial appearance and psychosocial
impacts.
Subjects and methods: The sample included 225 subjects (64% females) aged 18-42 years (median 21), employees and students of the University of Rijeka, Croatia. Their facial profiles were analyzed by photogrammetric
method and they were classified by each cephalometric variable in three categories: within the standard values
for Croatian population with normal occlusion, below and above standard ranges. Psychosocial issues were
assessed by self-reported satisfaction with facial appearance on scale ranging from 0=not at all to 4=very much,
and domains of Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire: Social Aspect of Dentofacial Aesthetics (SA), Facial Aesthetics Concern (FA) and Awareness of Dentofacial Aesthetics (AW).
Results: Males with concave profile are less satisfied with their facial appearance than those with straight and
convex profile (p<0.05). Similar is seen in females as well. Deviations from balanced morphology of nose and
lip prominence do not raise major psychosocial concerns. Decreased height of upper lip in males induces lower
satisfaction and higher FA than normal and increased height of upper lip (p<0.05). In females increased middle
third of face increases AW (p=0.038) and similar tendency is seen in SA.
Conclusions: Deviations from a well-balanced facial profile, morphology of nose and lip do not raise psychosocial issues to a big extent. The range of acceptable facial characteristics is obviously much broader than the
norms.
147
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
O21

.1, .2., .3. - .2, .2

, ,
, , ,
3
, , ,
1
2
: ,
.
,
.
: .
(DSC), (AC), ()
(SI) , - (IOTN AC),
,
; .
: 295 1620 , , PIDAQ IOTN
(AC); , -, Mann-Whitney U , Kruskal-Wallis, ,
, - .
: 56,95% ; 60%
; .
84,75% IOTN (AC) 1, 45%
, ,
, ,
. (DSC), (AC),
(PI) (SI) (p <0,01)
IOTN(AC) . , ,

IOTN (AC) . , , (p <0,01)
(DSC) IOTN (AC) , (SI),
(PI) (AC).
: .
. IOTN
(AC)
. PIDAQ
, .
148

P21
PSYCHOSOCIAL IMPACT OF MALOCCLUSION IN MACEDONIAN
ADOLESCENTS
Dimovska I.1, Gavrilovic I.2, Zuzelova M.3, Kjurchieva-Chuchkova G.2, Jankulovska V.2
Private Dental Practice KALE, Skopje, cedonia
Department of orthodontics, Faculty of dentistry, Skopje, cedonia
3
Faculty of dental medicine, IT University, Skopje, cedonia
1
2
Introduction: During adolescence, physical appearance plays a significant role in building the identity of a
person. Adolescents tend to be strongly concerned about their body image which plays an important role in
their psychological and social adjustment even affecting their success in education.
Aims: To evaluate thepsychosocial impact of malocclusion in adolescents from developing country. To examine adolescentsDental self-confidence (DSC), Aesthetic concerns (AC), thePsychological (PI)andSocial
(SI)impact of malocclusion, theirperception of aesthetics - (IOTN AC), motivating factors and self-reported need for treatment, prior orthodontic experience and frequency of dental visits; Establishment of their
mutual influence.
Methods: The research was conducted among randomly picked 295; 16-20 years old students from Macedonia
through a questionnaire consisting specially created questions, the PIDAQ and IOTN(AC); Chi square test,
t-test, Mann-Whitney U test Kruskal-Wallis, Analysis of Variance, Linear Regression Analysis, Pearson-Conns
coefficient of linear correlation were used.
Results: 56,95% of Macedonian adolescents visit the dentist only when they have a problem; 60% had no prior orthodontic experience; Aesthetics is the main motivating factor. 84.75 % rated themselves as IOTN (AC)
Grade 1, yet 45% of the adolescents stated they might have need for treatment when asked if they have the need
for orthodontic treatment, demonstrating the complexity of the adolescents psychology, their insecurities,
doubts and contradictions. Dental self-confidence (DSC), Aesthetic concerns (AC), Psychological impact (PI)
and Social impact (SI) presented highly significant differences and correlation (p<0,01) with the IOTN(AC)
groups. Frequency of dental visits, prior orthodontic experience, self-reported need for treatment and motivating factors didnt show statistically significant impact on IOTN(AC) rating. There is negative, indirect, highly
significant(p<0,01) correlation between Dental self-confidence(DSC) and IOTN(AC) ratings, Social impact
(SI), Psychological impact (PI) and Aesthetic concerns (AC).
Conclusion: Dental culture among Macedonian adolescents is low. Malocclusion has psychosocial impact in
adolescents and it grows with its increasing severity. IOTN(AC)can be considered as an effective tool for evaluating and predicting the psychosocial impact of malocclusion in adolescents. The Macedonian version of the
PIDAQ demonstrated good psychometric properties, similar to the original.
149
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
01
III ,
.1, .1, .1, .1, .1
, , , , .
1.
: III .
:
- - .
,
.
: III .
: .. (18) ,
. :
, ,
, .
: (SNA 79) (SNB
84), (suma Bjork 397),
.
.
: .
( ). ,
.
III .
: .
: III ,
152

PP01
CLASS III MALOCCLUSION CAMOUFLAGE THERAPY -CASE REPORT
Janoevi M.1, Janoevi P.1, Buri M.1, Stojanovi D.1, umenkovska D.1
Department of orthodontics, Univesity of Nis, School of medicine and stomatology, Nis, Serbia.
1.
Introduction: The treatment of skeletal Class III malocclusion has always been a challenge for orthodontists.
Depending on the severity of skeletal problems, there are two possible therapeutic approaches after completion
of growth: orthodontic (camouflage) and orthodontic surgery. Camouflage therapy is applied in borderline
cases with mild impairment of facial aesthetics. It most frequently involves extraction of teeth in the lower jaw.
The aim of the paper is to demonstrate extraction camouflage therapy of the patient with class III malocclusion.
Material and method: 18 year old patient (B.M) presented to the Dental Clinic dissatisfied with the smile facial
aesthetics.
Intraoral examination showed III class occlusion, narrowness of upper and lower jaw, crowding of upper and
lower front, upper front protrusion, lower front retrusion, reverse overjet of incisors, crossbite in the right canine region and first left premolar region.
X ray cephalometric finding showed mild maxillary retrognatism (SNA 79), mandibular prognatism ( SNB 84),
(suma Bjork 397).
Results: Extraction of first premolars in the mandibular arche was performed. Leveling of maxillary line was
done by using upper and lower fixed appliances ( streight arch technique), while distalization of canines and
retrusion of lower front was done in mandibular arche. intermaxillary elastics of clas III was performed on
square arches.
Conclusion: Satisfactory aesthetic and functional results were achieved.
Key words: class III malocclusion , camouflage therapy.
153
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
02
III:
.1, .2
, , , .
, , , , .
1.
2.
: ,
III.
: (10,6 11 ),
III . ,
, .
Delair- , ( )
.
: (SNA)
(Wits) . .
154

PP02
TREATMENT OF THE HYPODIVERGENT CLASS III: CASE REPORTS
Petrova .1, Pop Stefanova Trposka .2
Clinic of orthodontics, USCC Sveti Pantelejmon, Skopje, Macedonia.
Clinic of orthodontics, Faculty of dentistry, European University, Skopje, Macedonia.
1.
2.
Aim:To evaluate the effects of face mask therapy, combined with SL fixed appliances in two patients representing hypodivergent class III patern.
Material and methods: The case reports describes the treatment of two boys (10,6 and 11 years) with severe
class III malocclusion. They represent hypodivergent skeletal pattern. Pretreatment, posttreatment radiographs
were obtained; linear ,angular and area measurements were performed. The treatment plan includes Delair
mask, removable mandibular plate (for desarticulation of the deep progenic bite) and SL fixed appliances in
both jaws.
Results: Favorable modifications in therms of maxillary advancement (SNA) and intermaxillary sagital skeletal
relationships (Wits) were recorded in both patients. The facial esthetics was greatlly improved after the treatmen.
155
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
03
III
.1, .2, .3, .1
, , , , .
, , , .
3.
, ,, , .
1.
2.
: III
.
: 49 (24 25 ) 6 4
12 , III
.
.
: 11 ,

(SNA p <0.05), (SNB p < 0.05)
(SN
/ GoGn, SN / Gn, SNA to Me).
III
.
: III , , ,
156

PP03
FACE MASK THERAPY IN CLASS III PATIENTS
Carceva Salja S.1,Sali F.2, Gavrilovic I.3, Radeska A.1
Department of orthodontics, Faculty of medicine, Goce Delcev University of Stip, Macedonia.
Clinic of orthodontics, USCC Sveti Pantelejmon, Skopje, Macedonia.
3.
Department of orthodontics, Faculty of dentistry, Saints Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, Macedonia.
1.
2.
Aim : To determine profile convexity changes in Class III growing patients after maxilary protraction therapy.
Material and methods :This stady comprised a sample of 49 patients(24 females and 25 males) ranging in age
from 6 years 4months to 12 years, who had Class III malocclusion with an anterior crossbite and a component
of maxillary deficiency.
Results: Changes in sagittal jaw relationship and facial profile were detected by using lateral cephalograms
before and after therapy. Mean treatement time was 11 months, and the efect of maxillary protraction therapy
was improvement of skeletal sagittal jaw relationship and increase of profile convexity angles mostly as a result
of forward displacement of the maxilla (SNA p<0.05), mandibulary retroposition(SNB p < 0.05) and clockwise rotation of the mandible which significantly increases vertical cephalometric angles and measurements
SN/GoGn,SN/Gn,Sna to Me). These findings indicate that concave facial profile in Class III patients can be
improved after maxillary protraction therapy which is very important in this period of life for building self
confidence and normal socializing in the community.
157
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
04
-

.1, .1, .1, .2
, , , .
, , , .
1.
2.
:
.
0,5% .
: - ,
.
: 18- . .. I ,
,
.
. comebean 3D (CBCT I)
,
.
.
( ), ,
.
: 30 , , .
,
I .
: a

CBCT 3D .
: , , , CBCT, -
158

PP04
ORTHODONTIC - SURGICAL TREATMENT OF DEEP IMPACTED
MAXILLARY PREMOLAR
Buri M.1, Janoevi M.1, Stojanovi D.1, Buri N.2
Clinic of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Ni, Serbia.
Clinic of Dentistry, Department of Oral Surgery , Ni, Serbia
1.
2.
Introduction: The incidence of impacted maxillary premolar is 0.5% compared to other impacted teeth.
Aim: To present a combined orthodontic-surgical treatment of high and deep impaction of the maxillary second premolar.
Materials and methods: A 18-year-old female patient, V.M., with I class and lack of space of intercanine upper
and lower dental arch, and retusion of upper and lower intercanine space, was diagnosed clinically and radiologically with impacted right maxillary second premolar and with a lack of space. The middle upper incisor has
been moved to the right side. Cone Beam 3-D radiography (CBCT) showed palatal localization of premolars
crown with a root extension between palatal and mesial-buccal root of the first molar. With precise surgical
treatment, impacted premolar was uncover and laceback was applicated for tooth extension. Upper and lower
fixed orthodontic brackets were applied (using straight wire appliance), dental arches were levelled, extra space
was created by using open orthodontic spring and the traction to second premolar was applicated.
Results: After 30 months, the premolar was functional, placed in a dental arch. There was no significant resorption of adjacent teeth and premolars, normal level of alveolar bone was preserved and achieved stable occlusion
class I.
Conclusion: The deep and complicated impaction of the premolars with a combination of orthodontic irregularities can be successfully treated, enabling of a definitive functional outcome with imaging aid with 3D
CBCT radiography.
Keywords: premolar, maxilla, impaction, CBCT, orthodontic-surgical treatment
159
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
05
O -

.1, .1, .1, .1
, , , , .
1.
: Ma III ,
, - .
:
III .
: .. 22 ., ,
, ,
-. : III ,
, , corpus mandibulae ,
. :
, ( NS-Me/8) corpus mandibulae
.
: - .
. :
.
: . :
.
: -
.
: III , , -
160

PP05
ORTHODONTIC SURGICAL THERAPY IN PATIENT WITH FACE ASYMMETRY
case report
Stojanovi D.1, Buri M.1, Janoevi P.1, Sumenkovska D.1
Department of orthodontics, Univesity of Nis, School of medicine and stomatology, Nis, Serbia.
1.
Class III malocclusion with face asymmetry belongs to the group of severe skeletal deformities of craniofacial
region and usually can be treated by combined orthodontic surgical therapy.
The aim of this study is to show the results of the interdisciplinary approach to therapy in patients with class III
malocclusion and face asymmetry.
Material and method: Patient G.N., age 22, with mild mandibular prognathism and laterognathy of the mandible to the left, with aesthetic and functional problems, was treated orthodontic-surgically. Analysis of profile
X-ray: skeletal class III with mandibular prognathism, posterior type of face growth, upper incisors protrusion
and lower incisor retrusion. Analysis of posteroanterior X-ray : skeletal lingual crossbite, deviation of mandible
to the left (angle ANS-Me=8), shorter corpus of mandible on the left side.
Results: An orthodontic-surgical treatment was carried out. Pre-surgical orthodontic treatment was carried
out by harmonization of the transversal relations and leveling of the dental arches. Surgical correction: bilateral
sagittal split osteotomy of the mandible with the rotation of the mandible to the right. Postoperative orthodontic treatment: fine adjustment of occlusion with the aim of reaching maximum intercuspidation. Lingual
retainer in lower front and clear upper and lower retainters were used at the end of active treatment.
Conclusion. Satisfactory aesthetic and functional results were achieved by a combined orthodontic surgical
treatment.
Key words: class III malocclusion, face asymmetry, orthodontic-surgical therapy
161
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
06
-
.1, .1, .1
, , ,
:
.

, . ,
.
: ,

.
: 1: . 22 , 12 , , ,
V , .
: 3
. , .
. :

2 .

. : ,
.
0.022 Roth edgewise .
2: .. 22 , III ,
.
. 25 45. : 1 (SARPE),
2( ,
, Le Fort 1 , ).
: ,
, Archwire . :
, (25,45)
.
: 1 8
5 .
2 36 .
, .
162

PP06
ORTHODONTICS-SURGICAL COMBINATION FOR SKELETAL MALOCCLUSION
Koca Tanellari O.1, Toti C.1, Baruti E.1
Department of orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Tirana, Albania.
1.
Introduction: Orthognathic surgery is a process in which dentofacial deformities and malocclusions are corrected with orthodontics and surgical operations of the facial skeleton. In childhood and adolescence, some
skeletal malocclusions can be treated orthodontically and with various functional therapies utilizing natural
growth, but once growth has ceased, this is no longer possible and additional surgery is needed.
Aim:The combination treatment for skeletal maloclusion in adult individuals has been used not only to achieve
a functional and stable occlusion but also to establish normal skeletal relationships with esthetically pleasing
soft tissue profile.
Subject and Method: Case 1: Denisa. P 22 years old presented 12 mm of OJ ,gummy smile , low angle, very
protruded upper frontal teeth and a V shape upper jaw and the lower jaw was underdeveloped. Surgical plan
: Osteotomy with 3 fragments and impaction of maxilla to correct the gummy smile; The correction of nazal
septum which was deviated ; The advancement of the mandibula using bilateral sagittal split osteotomy technic.
The pre-surgical orthodontic treatment : Closing of the anterior diastema and the opening of 2 mm of space
between laterals and canines to facilitate the anterior maxillary osteotomys ;Decompensation on the lower
jaw without intrusion on the anterior segment and without flattening the curve of spee wich will be corrected
after surgery.The post surgical orthodontic treatment : The closer of the anterior diastema , the extrusion of
the posterior mandibular teeth and the correction of the curve of Spee . The patient received 0.022-inch Roth
edgewise appliance.
Case 2: Patient IA, 22 age old was presented with a Clas III dental and skeletal malocclusion with mandibular
prognathism and mild maxillary hypoplasia ,Concave profile and anterior and bilateral crossbite with crowding, Extraction of teth nr 25 and 45.Surgical plan : Surgical phase 1(SARPE) , Surgical phase 2 (Preparation
of intermaxillary splint on casts mounted in articulator, Bilateral sagittal split mandibular osteotomy,Le Fort
1maxillary osteotomy and maxillary advancement,Fixation).The pre-surgical Orthodontic treatment : Fiksed
treatment with Straight wire appliance,Alignment and dental arches decompensation, Archwire preparation
for surgery) .The post surgical orthodontic treatment : Settling of the occlusion with intermaxillary elastics,Finishing,Implant placement(25,45)Retention)
Results:The pre orthodontic treatment of the Case 1 was around 8 month long and the post-orthodontic
treatment was 5 months.
The treatment of the Case 2 was 36 months. A profound improvement in facial esthetics was achieved, along
with the near-normal dental and skeletal and soft tissue relationships.
Conclusions:Orthognatic surgery and orthodontic therapy are compliment to each other in these types of cases to achieve the desired results.Accurate clinical examination followed by the right diagnosis and treatment
planning are essential.
163
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
07
?
.1
, , ,
1.
: -
.
: 40 /
. 20 , 20
- . ,
, .
0 1,
.
:
III.
SNA, SNB, ANB (p<0.05).
SNA
U1-PP (p<0.05).
:
- .
,
.
164

PP07
DOES MAXIILARY EXPANSION IMPROVE POSTERO-ANTERIOR
TREATMENT EFFECTS?
Kongo E.1
Department of orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Tirana, Albania.
1.
Aims:The aim of this paper is to find out if maxillary expansion prior to postero-anterior traction of maxilla
helps in achieving better results.
Material and methods: 40 patients with maxillary retrusion and/or transverse maxillary deficiency were selected for the following study. 20 patients were treated with postero-anterior traction with facial mask, 20 patients
were treated with maxillary expansion and postero-anterior traction. Initial treatment records included study
models, extra and intraoral photographs, panoramic and lateral x-rays. Prior to treatment cephalometric measurement T0 were compared with post active phase of treatment T1 in order to perform statistical analysis and
find if there were statistically significant differences.
Results: At the end of the treatment, all patients showed skeletal improvement and Class III correction. Among
the results we found significant changes of SNA, SNB, ANB angles (p<0.05). Comparing the results between
groups RPE-FM and FM significant changes were found between angles SNA and U1-PP (p<0.05).
Conclusion:The results of this study indicate than maxillary expansion prior to postero-anterior traction improve the treatment results. The more forward movement of maxilla helps not only in better stability of the
result but also in better correction of facial appearance.
165
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
8
RAPID PALATAL EXPANDER (RPE) SEMI-RAPID PALATAL EXPANDER (SEMI RPE)
.1, .1, .2, .2, .2
, , , .
, ,, , .
1.
2.
: , RPE Semi
RPE.
: 20 12 8 11 15
RPE Semi RPE. RPE (0.2 /), Semi RPE
. 15 . , ,
Likert .
: .
10 RPE 6
Semi RPE. .
.
:
. , .
166

PP08
PAIN INTENSITY IN PATIENTS WITH RAPID PALATAL EXPANDER (RPE) AND
SEMI-RAPID PALATAL EXPANDER (SEMI RPE)
Daskalova B.1, Lazarevska B.1, Bogdanovska B.2, Gavrilovik I.2, Petrovska J.2
Clinic of Orthodontics, USCC Sveti Pantelejmon, Skopje, Macedonia.
Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of dentistry, Saints Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, Macedonia.
1.
2.
Aim: To determine the pain, its duration and intensity, during the period of expansion in patients undergoing
RPE and Semi-RPE.
Materials and Method: 20 patients, 12 males and 8 females, between the age of 11 and
15 years with either RPE or Semi RPE were exemined. The RPE appliance was expanded once daily (0,2 mm/
turn) and the Semi RPE was expanded twice per week. The patients pain was measured 15 minutes after each
turn of both appliances according to Lickerts Scale and Visual Analog Scale.
Results: Ninty-five percent of the patients reported pain. The complaints on the intensity of pain were the highest in the first 10 turns in patients wearing RPE and in the first 6 turns in patients wearing Semi RPE appliance.
There was no difference in the level of the pain based on the gender. Ten patients reported taking pain killers
during the first week of expansion.
Conclusion: Ninteen out of twenty patients reported pain in active phase of the palatal expansion. After the
initial phase, the intensity of pain generally decreases in both groups.
167
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
09

,
.1, .1, .2, .2, .3

, ,, , .
, , , .
3.
, ,, , .
1.
2.
: , ,

.
: 90 13-15
, . 1.
overbite -1mm. 2.
overbite +4mm. 3. T
overbite +1mm., +4mm.
.
One way Anova, Tukey test Indipendent
Sample Student t test.
: : MdAABH (32,35
3,7 mm),MdPABH(253,3mm),Cd-Gn (124,85,9mm), Go-Gn (79,46,3mm), Go a( 134,655,2mm).
:Cd-Go (57,852,7mm), RW
(34,602,16mm).SH (33,93,2mm), a SD
(17,11,3mm). MdAABH, MdPABH, Cd-Gn, Go-Gn
, Cd-Go, RW
.SH ,a , SD e
, .
168

PP09
THE INFLUENCE OF VERTICAL ABNORMALITIES ON MANDIBULAR MORPHOLOGY AND THE
SHAPE OF SYMPHYSIS
Bogdanovska B.1,Gavrilovik I.1,Daskalova B.2,Lazarevska B.2,Bogdanovski S.3
Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of dentistry, Saints Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, Macedonia.
Clinic of Orthodontics, USCC Sveti Pantelejmon, Skopje, Macedonia.
3.
Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of dentistry, Saints Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, Macedonia.
1.
2.
Introduction: When planning for orthodontic treatment, the face type is of importance, especially the vertical
dimensions (long vs. short face etc.).
Aim: of our study is to evaluate the mandibular morphology in individuals with vertical abnormalities and
normal occlusion and to demonstrate the surface and shape of the symphysis.Ninety male and female patients,
age 13-15 were divided in three groups according to the size of the vertical incisal step (overbite).1. Open bite
group (overbite less or equal to -1mm).2. Deep bite group (overbite more than +4mm).3. Normal bite group
(overbite more than +1mm, and less or equal to + 4mm).
The results: show that the vertical incisal step has an effect on the mandibular dento-alveolar height and mandibular morphology and the size and shape of symphysis.The mandibular dento-alveolar height as demonstrated through the parametars MdAABH (32,35 3,7 mm)and MdPABH(253,3mm) are bigger in the open
bite group, compared to deep and normal bite group.In the case of the mandibular morphology, the parameter
Cd-Go(57,852,7mm) and RW (34,602,16mm)are biggest in the deep bite group, while the parameters CdGn(124,85,9mm) and Go-Gn(79,46,3mm) are biggest in the open bite group.In the open bite group, the
symphysis is long and narrow (33,93,2mm), while in the deep bite group, it is shorter and wider(17,11,3mm).
169
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
10
T
.1, .2, .1
, , . , ,
, , ,
1.
2.
:
.
: 61 , 15 ( )
( 1), 22 ( - 2) 24 (
- 3) , .

.
:
, , m.temporalis m.masseter
- . Ag / AgCl
.
:1. 1 2:

1 2 (p <0.03) 1 vs
. 2 (p <0.05).2. 2 3:
, .3. 1
3 (p <0.05 .
) (p <0.01 p <0.002 .)
:
.
170

PP10
CORRELATION BETWEEN FACIAL GROWTH TYPE IN VERTICAL DIRECTION AND ELECTROMYOGRAPHIC ACTIVITY OF THE MASTICATORY MUSCELS
Bogdanov V.1, Tsakova D.2, Andreeva L.1
1.
2.
Department of orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Med. University, Sofia, Bulgaria

Clinic of Neurology, Military Medical Academy, Sofia, Bulgaria
Aim: to investigate whether theres a correlation between the facial growth direction and electromyographic
activity of the masticatory muscles.
Material: 61 patients are included in this study, 15 of them with hypodivergent (low angle) growth(Group 1), 22
normodivergent (normal angle Group 2) and 24 hyperdivergent (high angle Group 3 ) patients, according
to the data derived from lateral projection cephalometric analysis. Electromyographic records were taken in
maximal voluntary clench and maximal and mean values of the recordings were taken into consideration.
Methods: Standard lateral projection cephalometric analysis including angles, showing the type of the facial
growth, surface EMG of m.temporalis and m.masseter in maximal voluntary clench maximal and mean
values of the contraction. Ag/AgCl electrodes were used for registration of the EMG potentials of the elevator
muscles of the mandible.
Results: 1.Group 1 compared to group 2: The EMG results showed that there is significant difference between
maximal values of the muscular activity of right masseter of Group 1 vs. Group 2 (p<0.03) and mean values of
right masseter of group 1 vs. group 2 (p<0.05).2. Group 2 compared to group 3: Significant difference between
right temporalis, right masseter and left temporalis between the two groups were found.3. Group 1 compared
to Group 3 significant difference between left masseter (p<0.05 for max. and mean values) and left temporalis
(p<0.01 for max and p<0.002 for mean.)
Conclusions: Significant difference was found between the EMG activity of the masticatory muscles between
the three groups.
171
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
11
-
.1, .2,3, .3, .3
, ,
, ,
3.

1.
2.
: ,
, .
:

.
20 ( ) ,
.
.
-. , ,
.
,
, ( m. masseter), ,
.
: ,
,
( = 0.87 mV = 0.88 mV).
,
(: = 1.16 .
/s < 1.22 . /s). A
1.20 /.
:
,
.
172

PP11
ELECTROMYOMASTICATIOGRAPHY analysis of masticatory efficiency
Jankulovska E.1, Jankulovska V.2,3, Jankulovski P.3, Velevska M.3
Department of prosthodontics, Faculty of dentistry, Skopje
Department of orthodontics, Faculty of dentistry, Skopje
3.
Private Dental Office JANKULOVSKI, Skopje
1.
2.
Aim: To show the effectiveness of mastication and its characteristics, as one of the basic orofacial functions in
patients with neutrocclusion.
Material and methods: The study was conducted at the University Dental Clinical Center St. Panteleimon and
the Institute of Medical and Experimental Physiology, Medical Faculty. The tests were conducted in 20 subjects
with natural dentition (excluding third molars) and neutrookluzija preserved, and no pathological changes
in other components of the masticator system. Respondents were clinically examined and orthodontically
analyzed. Besides that, impressions from both jaws were taken for study-models. Also, respondents filled out
non-standardized questionnaire designed specifically for this research. The masticatory efficiency was determined using superficial electromyography, registering the bioelectric potentials of masticatory muscles (m.
masseter), during masticatory act, so this method is called ELECTROMYOMASTICATIOGRAPHY.
Results :If we analyze the results common to all respondents, not divided by gender, results show almost equal
amplitude of masseter muscles biopotential (left = 0.87mV and right = 0.88 mV). Male respondents have lower
automatic habitual chewing rate (AHcr) compared to female respondents, i.e. female respondents were female
are chewing food with a higher number of chewing strikes per second (M: F = 1.16 chew. strokes /s <1.22 chew.
strokes/s ). The automatic habitual chewing rate common to all respondents with neutrocclusion was 1.20
chewing strokes per second.
Conclusion :According to the analysis of the parameters of masseteric muscles biopotentials and automatic
habitual chewing rate AHcr in patients with neutrocclusion, genders are characterized by significant differences in masticatory efficiency.
173
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
12

.1, .1
-
1.
:
.

,
.
: 30 5-12
(multi-RMO myobrace)
, , 9 .
: 4-7-(8) ,
, ,
,
. 7
.
:
, ,
- .

, , , ..

.
174

PP12
MANAGEMENT OF EARLY INTERCEPTIVE TREATMENT
Iliev I.1, Mihailova E.1
DR. ILIEV, Private Health Institution
1.
The objective : of the research paper is to offer numerous justified decisions on early interceptive treatment
comparing to a later treatment that will presumably be necessary to result also in extraction of teeth. The period of the age in the biological response to the growth shows justification of an early commencement of treatment even in the early mixed dentition, and in the primary dentition, i.e. in the prepubertal age.
Material and method : We processed 30 patient at age from 5 to 12 years with treatment on factory-made miofunctional devices (multi-RMO and myobrace) and we trace the results in the re-education of the orofacial
functions, breathing, swallowing after a 9 month treatment.
Results :About an interceptive period we can discuss for a period of 4 to 7 (8) years of age, in which by correcting the orofacial functions, parafunctions, bad habits it is possible prevention or reduction of numerous
malolocclusive expressions in the later period, where the results of our study confirm this. The patients over 7
years of age show much severe readaptation of the orofacial functions.
Conclusion : We conclude that by early treatment it is possible to harmonize the growth and development of
the dental arches, by which in many cases it is possible to avoid orthodontic extractions, but we cannot expect
a complete orthodontic esthetic and functional rehabilitation. We have to be very much aware that the interceptive management is not of a trivial reason and that it requires a multidisciplinary approach, where not only
the dental practitioner and orthodontist are involved, but also other practitioners such as the ENT physician,
speech therapists as well as physiatrists and perhaps even osteopaths etc. This multidisciplinary management
undoubtedly represents the future reality of our preventive and interceptive early treatments.
175
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
13

III
1,3, .1,2, .2, .1,4, .1
, , ,
, , ,
3.
,
4.
E ,
1.
2.
:
III.
: 4 , 6 7 ,
III, . .
,
. ,
.
Myobrace I-3 .
: , .
,
.
:
, . ,
Myobrace I-3 ,
tete-a-tete ,
overjet overbite. , ,
, .
: , Myobrace I-3
.
III ,
.
: , ,
.
176

PP13
MYOFUNCTIONAL ORTHODONTIC THERAPY AT DEVELOPING
CLASS III MALOCCLUSION
Jankulovska V.1,3, Kjurchieva Chuchkova G.1,2, Petrova .2, Dimovska I.1,4, Tanatarec I.1
Clinic of orthodontics, UDCC Sveti Pantelejmon, Skopje, Macedonia
3.
Private Dental Office JANKULOVSKI, Skopje, Macedonia
4.
Private Dental Office KALE, Skope, Macedonia
1.
2.
Aim: To present the effectiveness and the essentiality of early orthodontic treatment of developing Class III
malocclusion
Material and methods: In this study we present four cases, at the age of 6 and 7 years old, with developing Class
III malocclusion, admitted at the Department of Orthodontic at Dental Clinic in Skopje. During the extraoral
clinical examination of patients, expressive concavity of the face profile was registered, as well as anterior crossbite intraorally. Recordings were made for every patient, on orthopantomograms, cephalograms and study
models. The treatment was performed in three stages using the Myobrace i-3 system appliances. The patients
were given proper instructions to use the appliances: during the night, and another hour throughout the day.
The myofunctional treatment in patients has been monitored through regular check-ups by clinical examination and mandatory intraoral and extraoral photographs.
Results: The results of the interceptive treatment with Myobrace I-3 showed a correction of the anterior cross
bite in our patients even during the first phase.fter one year of follow-up, due to regular wear of i-3 Myobrace
appliances, all three phases of the system are maximally used and there has been a transition of the anterior
cross-bite into a tete-a-tete bites, with a tendency of establishing normal values of the overjet and overbite.
According to the photographs, extraoral improvements are also noticeable,in fact straightening of the face
profile is achieved.
Conclusions: According to the results, we can conclude that Myobrace i-3 system shows successful effects in
the treatment of anterior cross-bite, which, if not treated at early age, can develop into a more severe form of
malocclusion class III, and occasionally orthognathic surgery is necessary.
Keywords: Interceptive orthodontics, myofunctional therapy, anterior cross-bite.
177
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
14

.1, .2, .3, .3, .1, .1
, , , ,
.. . , ,
3.
, , , ,
1.
2.
: ,
.
: 15
Paracetamol(acetaimophen 0,5 g) 4 .
( )
. VAS
. , , .
: 90.9 % 24h.
(3.63),
. 2h .
70% .
.
, 12-18h 18-24 h .

.
:
, .
: , , ,
178

PP14
DYNAMIC AND CHARACTERISTIC OF PAIN AFTER INITIAL ARCHWIRE PLACEMENT IN ORTHODONTIC PATIENTS UNDERGOING ANALGESIC THERAPY
Pesevska S.1, Apostolova E.2, Curcieva- Cuckova G.3, Gavrilovic I.3, Mindova S.1, Stefanovska E.1
Department of oral medicine and periodontology, UDCC Sveti Pantelejmon, Skopje, Macedonia
Private Dental Office Dr.Elena Karova, Skopje, Macedonia
3.
Clinic of orthodontics, UDCC Sveti Pantelejmon, Skopje, Macedonia
1.
2.
Background : The aim of this study was to evaluate the dynamic and characteristic of pain after initial archwire
placement in orthodontic patients.
Material and Methods: 15 patients took one tablet of Paracetamol (acetaminophen 0.5 g) immediately after
initial archwire placement. They were recommended next 4 days to take one tablet a day. Dental plaque index
and gingival index of inflammation were determined and swabs for cytological analysis were also taken. Specially designed questionnaire and VAS scales were daily recorded. The pain was assessed subjectively as severe,
moderate, mild or no pain.
Results: After 24h, 90.9 % of the patients reported pain. The pain reached its peak at the second day, it was
moderate (3.63) and during the other days it decrease gradually, with lowest level at the fifth day. After 2h, patients felt low to moderate spontaneous pain and pain while biting with the back teeth. The most common pain,
70% , was like squeezing. It wasnt noticed difference in the pain level between mandibular and maxillar dental
arch. In relation to daily variations most of the patients felt pain between 12-18h and 18-24h at the second day.
The cytological analysis detected light inflammation and confirmed the gingival index of inflammation.
Conclusion: Analgesic therapy successfully reduces pain in orthodontic patients after placement of initial archwire, which probably origins from the inflammation of the periodontal ligament.
Key words: orthodontic pain, analgesic therapy, initial archwire, cytological analysis
179
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
15
-

.1, .1, .1, .1
, ,
1.
: : (1) (Ni2 +) (Ti4 +) ; (2)

, (3) -
Ni2 + Ti4 + , (4)
Ni2 + -
, .
: NiTi (AS).
((Mirafluor-k-gel, Elmex gele, MI Paste Plus)
. 3, 7, 14, 21
28 -
. (
) . ph ,

:
: Mirafluor> Elmex> MI Paste. Ni2 + Ti4 +
HF
.
: HF
.
,
.
180

PP15
CORROSION KINETICS OF THE NICKEL-TITANIUM ARCHWIRES IN PROPHYLACTIC FLUORIDATED AGENTS
Kati V.1, Otmai urkovi H.1, urkovi L.1, palj S.1
1.
Aims: To determine: (1) amount of the released nickel (Ni2+) and titanium (Ti4+) ions; (2) corrosion rates, (3)
correlation between fluoride concentration in prophylactic agents and the release of Ni2+ and Ti4+ ions, and (4)
allergenic potential which could be induced by average daily Ni2+ ion release from orthodontic nickel-titanium
archwires during once-a-week application of caries prophylactic agents.
Subjects and methods: NiTi wires were immersed in artificial saliva (AS). Once a week the wires were immersed
in prophylactic agents (Mirafluor-k-gel, Elmex gele, MI Paste Plus) for five minutes. The nickel and titanium
ion release from wires was recorded after 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of immersion in AS by inductively coupled
plasma-optical emission spectroscopy. Corrosion rates and average daily nickel ion release (for upper and lower dental arch) were calculated. Pearson correlation and linear regression were used to explore influence of the
pH value, total fluoride concentration and hydrofluoric acid (HF) concentration in prophylactic agents.
Results: The cumulative ion release was: Mirafluor > Elmex > MI Paste. The release of Ni2+ and Ti4+ ions correlated highly to HF concentration in prophylactic agents, more than to total fluoride concentration in prophylactic agents.
Conclusions: Interaction between the surface of orthodontic wires and the HF concentration in prophylactic
agent determines the corrosion kinetic and ion release from archwire. Average daily release of nickel induced
by adjuvant prophylactic agents does not reach allergenic potential.
181
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
16

(SWLF)
.1, E.1, .2
-

1.
2.

, : , , , ,
, .

.
:

.
: 20
20 .
:
.
: ,
.
182

PP16
OBJECTIFICATION OF THE SPECIFICS AND ADVANTAGES OF THE FIXED TECHNIQUE WITH
STRAIGHT WIRE LOW FRICTION (SWLF)
Iliev I.1, Mihailova E.1,Nikolovski B.2
DR. ILIEV, Private Health Institution
ETERNA DENTA, Private Health Institution
1.
2.
The self-ligating brackets reached an evident popularity in the orthodontic market with numerous presented
advantages, such as: faster ligating, reduced friction, faster treatment, reduced pain, induction of the activity
of the tongue, reduced number of visits. Numerous different designs of the self-ligating brackets are available
and present in our orthodontic practice with subjective testimonials of their advantages by the orthodontists.
Aim : The objective of this article is to present objectively the specifics and characteristics of the technique of
straight wire low friction as a result of its long-term practice and use of the knowledge from the last published
specialist literature and recorded cases in our clinical practice as a material of this examination.
Material and method: They were compared 20 cases in orthodontic treatment using conventional brackets and
20 cases using brackets with low friction.
Results: Through the presentation of stages in the orthodontic treatment using these two systems it is described
the advantages and disadvantages of their use.
Conclusion: As a conclusion it is defined the advantages and misconceptions in the use of the brackets with low
friction by comparison with the conventional ones.
183
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
17
( )
.1, .1, .1, .1
, ,
1.

.
. , 32 .
, : 22,
, 23, 63 .
,
. ,
.
12, 23 63.
.
. . 6
, .
,
.
184

PP17
MINOR ORTHODONTICS TO OPTIMAZE ESTHETICS (CASE REPORT)
Toti C.1, Tanellari O.1, Baruti E.1, Kongo E.1
Faculty of Dental Medicine Tirana, Albania
1.
The Aim of this presentation is to show how minor orthodontics can help to optimize esthetics.
Material and methods. The patient was a male, 32 years old. He had generally good oral health, but some
esthetics problems in the anterior region: agenesia of tooth 22, dental midline shift and diastema, rotation of
tooth 23 , tooth 63 was still in dental arch.
He was advised from different doctors to improve dental appearance, but he persisted not to have crowns or
veneers. After a multidisciplinary consultation we planned to start with partial fixed appliance to correct dental
midline. Some composite fillings improved the shape of tooth 12, 23 and 63. A fixed retainer was applied at the
end of the treatment.
Result and conclusions. The patient was very satisfied at the end of the treatment. Within 6 months his smile,
esthetics and self-esteem was deeply improved. The multidisciplinary consultation is very helpful in such clinical cases, we can achieve great results with minor interventions.
185
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
18

E.1, .1
- , ,
1.
,
( , , ), ,
,
.

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186

PP18
CLINICAL PROTOCOL IN THE MULTIDISCIPLINARY TREATMENT OF HYPODONTIA
Mihailova E.1 , Iliev I.1
1.
DR. ILIEV, Private Health Institution, Skopje, Macedonia
The main physical component of the smile is the complete dentition, composed of four different types of teeth
(incisors, canines, premolars and molars) and hence, to achieve them, the hypodontia which is with an expressed prevalence in the clinical practice, occupy an extremely important place in solving them.
Objective of the research paper
The objective of the research paper is to define the rules of the restoration treatment in the hypodontia management.
Material and method :This research paper as a material and method stipulates the criteria and procedures in
treating the patients with hypodontia by demonstrating the different possibilities of the restoration dentistry
on the basis of 20 testees at age of over 16 years with hypodontia of one or more teeth. The diagnosis was established on the basis of a specific diagnostic protocol from which it will be applied an individual treatment
plan, whether it will imply acceptance, redistribution or closing of the space between the teeth. There were
used clinical and paraclinical tests. The vertical and transversal facial dimensions, three facial proportions,
labial morphology, number and location of the teeth and the occlusion were analyzed for future orthognathic
rehabilitation.
Results: The results showed a need for a therapeutic protocol from the beginning of the treatment until the final
solution which includes: early prosthetic phase, orthodontic phase, surgical phase and/or implant-prosthetic
phase, which will be followed by a clinical demonstration.
Conclusion: During the treatment of hypodontia it is necessary a long-term, individual, specific and multidisciplinary management (guiding the treatment from the earliest age of the patient, until the final solution).
187
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
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188

PP19
HYPODONTIA OF UPPER LATERAL INCISORS
Yordanova T.B.1, Andreeva L.1
Faculty of Dental Medicine at Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria
1.
This talk focuses on up-to-date etiology insights on aplasia and hypodontia of the lateral incisors. We explore the role of genetic and epigenetic factors in relation to different mechanisms leading to missing teeth.
Hypodontia is often an isolated phenomenon (non-syndromic hypodontia), affecting a few (less than 10% of
the cases) or many teeth (less than 1%). Sometimes though, it can be associated with a systemic condition or
syndrome (syndromic hypodontia), essentially reflecting the genetically and phenotypically heterogeneity of
the condition. Therefore, in an attempt to come up with the best possible treatment strategy and final results,
we need better understanding of the underlying causes for the condition.
189
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
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190

PP20
ORAL HEALTH OF PATIENTS WITH FIXED ORTHODONTIC THERAPY
Dimovska R.1
Private Dental Clinic KRUNA MS Skopje , Macedonia
1.
Objective:This study has the goal to investigate the effects of educational, preventive and motivational actions
on the oral health of patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment and enhance orthodontic oral hygiene
with the use of products and techniques that bring benefits to patients, without disrupting the work of the orthodontist.
Method: Participants received free toothpaste and toothbrushes throughout the study and instructions on oral
hygiene were provided and reinforced throughout the six months of research. Part of the patients were advised
to use additional hygiene appliances as well. Physical examination was performed at baseline and after 6, 12
and 24 weeks for verification of plaque, gingival and bleeding indices.
Results: All problems that occur in the course of the orthodontic treatment are most often connected to the
lack of proper oral hygiene, thus resulting in an increased occurrence of dental plaque, caries, and periodontal
problems. Initially, participants led inadequate oral hygiene. During the study, significant improvement in oral
health occurred in all indices. Preventive, educational and motivational actions undertaken in this study were
statistically effective in improving the oral health of orthodontic patients.
Conclusion: Problems occurring during orthodontic treatments are most often related to the lack of proper
oral hygiene, and thus result in an increased occurrence of dental plaque, caries, and periodontal problems.
The scope of orthodontic care should encompass the promotion of health and prevention from illnesses, while
oral health care guidance and motivation should be provided before and during each orthodontic treatment.
191
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
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192

PP21
ORAL HEALTH CARE DURING PREGNANCY
Mindova S.1.,Ivanovski K.1,Georgieva S.1,Ristoska S.1,Stefanovska E.1
Department of oral medicine and periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Skopje, Macedonia
1.
Aim: The goal of this labor is to trace care and awareness of oral health of pregnant women.
Materials and methods: For the realization of the target respondents were asked 40 pregnant women in the
gynecological department of the polyclinic Jane Sandanski in Skopje. Questionnaire consisted 19 questions
relating: the presence of oral changes in pregnancy and informed gynecologist for these changes, the presence
bleeding, the frequency of brushing, etc. The survey results were statistically processed.
Results: According to our results we came to a conclusion that large percentage of unawareness among pregnant patients and oral health status in pregnancy and uninformed gynecologists on the status of oral health in
this period, regular dntal check examination and appropriate treatment and treatment.
Conclusion: From the survey we conclude that it is necessary and needed more gynecologists involvement in
education of their patients on oral health and regular dental checkups during pregnancy.
Key words: bleeding, oral health
193
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
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194

PP22
ORTHODONTIC CONDITIONED LABIAL FRENECTOMY PERFORMED WITH TWO DIFFERENT
TECHNIQUES CONVENTIONAL SURGERY AND DIODE LASER
Atanasovska Stojanovska .1, Georgievska .2, Popovska .1,Tosevska-Spasova N.3, Milevski M.1
Clinic of oral medicine and periodontology, Faculty of dentistry,Ss.Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, Macedonia
Clinic of preventive and pediatric dentistry,Faculty of dentistry,Ss.Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, Macedonia
Clinic of orthodontics, Faculty of dentistry,Ss.Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, Macedonia
Introduction:Low (coronary) insertion of the maxillary labial frenum is often mentioned in clinical relation to
diastema mediana between the maxillary central incisors and are faced with the need for his removal before the
orthodontic treatment, which can be executed by a variety of surgical techniques.
The aim of this study is to make a comparison between the pre>-during>-and post operative parametars of
frenectomy proceeded with conventional surgery or diode laser.
Material and methods: 36 patients have been involved in this study with indication of frenectomy. They were
divided into two experimental groups: The first group included 18 patients who were treated with conventional
surgery and the second group from 18 patients were treated with diode laser.
Results: The frenectomy treated with laser were not followed with bleeding except for three patients where it
was barely noticeable. Whereas, bleeding was evidenced in all of the cases treated with conventional surgeries.
The average score of postoperative pain in patients in EG1 was 3.0 1,5, and in patients in EG2 it was smaller
(1.3 1.3), the difference between them is statistically significant for p<0.05The duration of the intervention
and the average value of postoperative discomfort was significantly shorter/ smaller in cases treated with laser.
p<0,05 A slower healing of the operative wound was registered in patients treated with laser.
Conclusion: Labial frenectomy done with diode laser eliminates the intraoperative bleeding and suturing, significantly shortens the time of the intervention, provides less post-operative pain and discomfort whereas
surgical frenectomy results with a faster healing of operative wound. To sum up, both methods if done properly offer solid and positive results and the final decision for the technique is up to the therapist based on the
indication and consultation with the patient.
195
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
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(Laser HF, Hager&Werken GmbH,
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196

PP23
FRENULECTOMY WITH DIODE LASER: CASE REPORT
Radeska E.1, Pavlevska M.1, Stevanovic M.1, Jankulovska M .1, Gjorgievska E.1
Clinic of preventive and pediatric dentistry,Faculty of dentistry,Ss.Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, Macedonia
Introduction: Frenulectomy(frenotomy,frenulotomy) is a procedure of frenulum removal,a small fold of tissue

that prevents an organ in the body of moving too far. Most often we speak for labial and lingual frenulum,which
connect upper lip with attached gingiva,or the tongue with the floor of the mouth cavity.
Aim: is to demonstrate the advantages of laser frenulectomy in childhood, rather, the effects of using a diode
laser.
Material and methods: In the study were included 4 patients,which 2 of them needed correction of frenulum
labii oris superioris and 2 with ancyloglossia.After the clinical examination,was applicated local anesthesia and
frenulectomy was done with diode laser (Laser HF, Hager&Werken GmbH,Germany) with intensity of 2W
(gingivectomy mode) and wavelength of 975nm.
Results: The treatments in all 4 patients were done in atraumatic conditions,without bleeding and no need for
sutures.After the treatment,patients didnt have postop complications like pain,bleeding,edem and ect.At the
control examination after 7 days we notice complete epitheliation.
Conclusion: Laser frenulectomy is painless,non-bloody procedure that not require additional sutures and also
dont have postop complications.Additionally,this treatment reduced the fear of patients from the intervention,which is particularly advantageous because it is a matter for patients in childhood.
197
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
24
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difficult treatment index (TDI)
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198

PP24
THE USE OF TREATMENT DIFFICULTY INDEX (TDI) IN ORTHODONTIC THERAPY IN CASE
WITH FOUR IMPACTED CANINES
Simi S.1, Pavlovi J.1, Vujai A.1, Vukievi V.1
Faculty of medicine , Clinic of orthodontics, Kosovska Mitrovica
The permanent canines are the basis of a beautiful smile and functional occlusion. The maxillary canines are
most commonly impacted teeth, after the third molars. The frequency of impacted maxillary canines varies
from 1-2% of the population (85% palatally, 15% labially). Impacted canines can be placed buco-labialy, palatally, and in the middle of the alveolar processus. Incorrect assessment of the situation of impacted teeth can
cause two risks: surgical procedures can be misdirected and lifting the flap on the wrong side of the alveolar
processus and can be reflected in the poor prognosis for tooth biomechanics.
The aim of this study is that the use of difficult treatment index (TDI) for impacted canines assess the weight
of the treatment, and thus compare the clinical evaluation of the results of orthodontic therapy.
Tha clinical examination of the patient age 20 years were missing four permanent canine. The analysis of the
panoramic radiograph presented bilateraly impaction of permanent canines in the upper and lower jaw. In order to assess the weight of orthodontic-surgical treatment TDI calculated for each impacted tooth individually,
from 1 (easy) to 4 (extremely difficult) specifies the weight of orthodontic surgical therapy.
Results of TDI calculated using regression equations showed good correlation with the initialy clinical examination and later during treatment, so this system improves the assessment of possible difficulties and mistakes
in treatment.
199
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
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200

PP25
IMPACTED CANINES-DIFFERENT APPROACHES IN THE SURGICAL-ORTHODONTIC
THERAPY-CASE REPORT
Nikolov G.1, Zimoska S.1, Kangova D.2
Prvate Dental Practice ORTO2G Kavadarci, Macedonia
Private Dental Practice CORONA DENTAL, Gevgelija, Macedonia
1
2
Aim: The purpose of this poster presentation is to present two different approaches in addressing the impacted
maxillary canines in children and adults.
Method and material: Maxillary canines are common in orthodontic clinics. Their resolution is often orthodontic surgically. That is way our two cases that will be shown in the presentation are resolved with two different approaches in their extraction. In one case the canine is set vestibulary and in this case we just opened
vestibular fenestra and set a breket. In the other case the canine was set palatal towards lateral incisor. So a
surgical opening was created and dragging was made with wire and elastic string hrough a closed tunnel like
an imitation of the natural eruption of the tooth.
Conclusion: The treatment of impacted canines is mostly individual.According to our two cases and others
that so far we have treated, because of conservation of bone and soft structures, we prefer the closed method of
traction. However, each case is individual for himself.
201
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
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: : PubMed, Cochrane Database System
Medline. European Journal of Orthodontic the American
Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics.
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202

PP26
AN EVALUATION OF THE RETENTION PROCEDURES AFTER ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT
A REVIEW
Lazarevska B.1, Daskalova B.1, Bogdanovska B.2, Gavrilovic I.2, Janeva N3
Clinic for Orthodontics, UDCC St. Panteleimon, Skopje, Macedonia
Faculty of Dental Medicine, University Ss. Kiril i Metodij, Department of orthodontics, Skopje, Macedonia
3
Faculty of Dental Medicine, University Ss. Kiril i Metodij, Department of prosthodontics, Skopje, Macedonia
1
2
Aim: To evaluate and compare, by analysis of the literature, the different types of retention used to maintain a
stable tooth position after finished orthodontic treatment.
Materials and Method: We searched several databases: PubMed, Cochrane Database System and Medline. A
thorough research was done in the European Journal of Orthodontic and the American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics. All these articles involved patients who were in the phase of retention after
the orthodontic treatment.
Results: We included 7 studies which compared and evaluated three comparisons: removable retainers versus
fixed retainers, different types of fixed retainers and different types of removable retainers.
Removable retainers versus fixed retainers there was evidence of slightly poorer stability in the mandibular
intercanine segment provided by thermoplastic removable retainers and Hawley retainers than by the multistrand fixed retainers.
Fixed versus fixed retainers the studies compared glass fibre reinforced retainers versus multistrand bonded
retainers in the lower arch, both used for the need of a stable orthodontic retention in the lower anterior segment, but did not show a high stability rate.
Removable versus removable retainers comparing thermoplastic retainers versus Hawley retainers some
studies reported better stability in the lower arch for thermoplastic retainers.
Conclusion: There is not enough high quality evidence to indicate which is the best stabilizing procedure that
can be recommended for tooth positioning after orthodontic treatment.
203
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
27

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204

PP27
PREDICTIVE RADIOGRAPHIC INDICATORS FOR EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF TENDENCY FOR IMPACTION OF THIRD MOLARS.
Tanatarec I.1, Pop Acev D.1, Petrovska B.1, Kjurchieva-Chuchkova G.1

Third molars if are present they might follow ectopic eruption path and become impacted. Because it is the last
tooth erupt in the arch usually there is no space in the arch.
The objective of this study carried out was to ascertain radiographic indicators for the early diagnosis of the
tendency for impaction of third molars, and to evaluate the prognosis of upper and lower third molars to simple radiographic criteria.
Material and Methods: This study involved 64 patients. The inclusion criteria were age over twelve years and
germs of wisdom teeth present and visible radiographically. The analysis parameters were taken from clinical
examination, dental casts, panoramic radiographs, and radiograph profiles. Radiographs of the first consultation (T1) were renewed one year later (T2). The expansion of dental panoramic was calculated by comparing
the mesio-distal diameter of M1 or M2 on casts that measured on the panoramic. During the statistical analyzes, beside the descriptive method we also used statistical parameter test: Student T-test.
Results: An RMS/ M3 ratio greater or equal to 1 increased the probability of eruption of M3; the distance
(PTV-M1) or (XI-Mi2) greater than or equal to 25 mm did not guarantee the eruption of M3. An angle a less
than 40 was not a good prognosis for the evolution of M3, whereas the reverse was not true.
Conclusion: Panoramic radiographs were more accurate when compared to lateral ceph.
205
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
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206

PP28
VISUAL AND SIMPLE DIAGNOSTIC INTERPRETATION OF DR. JOSH JEFFERSON CEPHALOMETRYC ANALYSIS
Petrovska B.1, Dzipunova B.1
Aim of study: to present a new analysis of the facial skeleton, created by Dr. Josh Jefferson, modification of
Sassouni analysis, which in a simple visual way shows how to determine the goals of therapy.
Material and methods: The analysis included 10 patients profiled x-rays, that are in growth, of both sexes, with
malocclusions II and III class, no previous orthodontic treatment.
The results show that this analysis as a separate, or additional auxiliary analysis, gives us a lot of information
when creating the goals of therapy in each patient individually. The analysis is individual for each patient, we
are stressing as its main feature, particularly when determining the vertical component of malloclusion and
assessment of vertical growth achieved with age. Its a simple visual way of showing us what to focus on in the
treatment of malocllusion. Its applied activity is greatest in patients who present anomalies in multiple directions, and are in active growth and development.
Conclusion: The analysis is guided us to treat patients according to where the maxilla and mandible should be
positioned in relation to the anterior and vertical arc, and the result is not only the ideal profile for the patient
but at the same time is achieved and physiological harmony.
207
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
29
(IOTN)
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208

PP29
INDEX OF TREATMENT NEED (IOTN)
Mihailova E.1, Iliev I.1
1
Private Dental Practice D-R ILIEV, Skopje, Macedonia
In the everyday practice the dentist in the primary dental care, faces daily with different malocclusions. His
assessment of the severity of malocclusion and the need for orthodontic treatment is reduced to his subjective
and based on experiential assessment.
Objective of the Research Paper: Therefore, the objective of the research paper is to confirm the need for an
objective identification and assessment of the severity of the malocclusion, as well as the necessity or degree of
the need for orthodontic treatments to alleviate the need to refer the patients from the primary dental health
care to a specialist - orthodontist
Material and method: So, we in our clinical practice introduced the index of need for orthodontic treatment
(IOTN) which determines the degree of its need. In this study as a material and method we will demonstrate
the use of this index on one hundred our patients with who the malocclusions were divided into five groups
according to the degree of need for orthodontic treatment, such as: lack of necessity, minor need, near cases,
required treatment and necessary treatment and the results were compared to the patients who were previously
examined without using this index.
Results: As results it will be shown the number and description of the need of the referred patients to a specialist orthodontist by a general dentist with and without the use of the (IOTN) Index.
Conclusion: We concluded that by using the index (IOTN) numerically by 30 per cent more patients are referred to an orthodontist, and it is increased the accuracy in recognizing the severity of the malocclusions and
the degree of the need for an orthodontic treatment.
209
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
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210

PP30
CHALLENGING THE STANDARD: IS CEPHALOGRAM A REDUNDANT DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE
IN ORTHODONTIC CARE?
Spassov A.1, Pavlovic D.2, Bettin H.3
1
2
3
Institute of Pathophysiology, University of Greifswald, Germany

Former Research Director, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University of Greifswald, Germany
Department of History of Medicine, University of Greifswald, Germany
Evidence suggests that diagnostic information obtained from cephalograms do not influence orthodontic
treatment planning and do not reliably measure the efficacy of orthodontic treatment. Despite this evidence,
current surveys show that cephalograms are still taken routinely for initial diagnostics as well as for the
assessment of treatment efficacy. This implies the question: why the orthodontic community and orthodontists
in particular do not apply the available evidence and reduce or avoid x-ray cephalometric imaging?
We think that a possible key factor (next to others) that prevent implementation of current evidence are
mandatory or semi-mandatory national guidelines for orthodontic treatment as the mandatory German (2004)
and the more recent mandatory Austrian (2015) guidelines for orthodontic treatment. These and other similar
national guidelines reflect strong adherence to tradition of orthodontic diagnostic and a common view
that more diagnostic is better than less. Thus, the consequences of such guidelines are probably unnecessary
exposition of virtually all patients to radiation and unnecessary costs for the orthodontists (diagnostic tools),
for the patients and for the third party payers.
To reduce the overuse of cephalograms, the guidelines should encompass several simultaneous steps: (1)
guidelines should be carefully rewritten in a transparent manner and under the participation of all involved
(orthodontists, third party payers, patients) so to define clear indications for cephalograms implementing the
current best available evidence and ethical principles; (2) orthodontists should be compensated or rewarded for
de-implementation of cephalograms; (3) the dental industry should be encouraged to buy back the diagnostic
instruments from the orthodontists and re-use them for other better justified purposes and (4), the alternative
diagnostic tools should be implemented which deliver the diagnostic information that the orthodontist and
patients really need, for example a 3D visualization of possible treatment outcomes (i.e. 3D occlusograms).
Keywords: orthodontic treatment, cephalogram, x-ray, orthodontic treatment need, overdiagnosis,
overtreatment
211
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12-15, 2016 , ,
-
:

12.05.2016
,

(09:00-17:00)
08:00-09:00
, DDS, PhD
Forestadent, Pumpa Group Moskow, 2012 .
, hands-on , ,
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).
, ,
Forestadent .
Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University ,
.
Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University , , 2007-2011 .
2008 . .
o Dental Clinic Dentex , 2011 ,
, ,
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,
.
, DDS, PhD
:

214

PRE-CONGRESS COURSE
Basic orthodontic. From straight wire concepts to innovative
anchorage appliances
12.05.2016
Hotel Granit, Ohrid
Congress Hall
(9:00-17:00)
Registration 8:00-9:00
Dr Ekaterina Gizoeva, DDS, PhD.
Dr Gizoeva is a consulting doctor for Forestadent, Pumpa Group Moskow, since 2012 to present. She has
been developing and holding master classes, hands-on courses, and technical courses for orthodontists,
whose main topics included: orthodontic rehabilitation of adults (interdisciplinary approach, modern anchorage in orthodontics).
Also, she has been working on translations of medical documents and congresses from English into Russian
and makes contribution to international and Russian Forestadent courses and symposiums.
Dr Gizoeva graduated on Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University in St. Petersburg, Russia. She
was an Assistant Clinical Professor and Lecturer and Clinical Resident of Public Health Department of Orthodontics, Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University in St. Petersburg, Russia, from 2007-2011. In
2008 she finished her PhD. Shes an author of numerous publications.
Working as an orthodontist in the Dental Clinic Dentex in Moscow since 2011, her main clinical interests
are: orthodontic rehabilitation of adults, lingual orthodontics, modern anchorage in orthodontics, usage of
3-D computer technology in planning and treatment, and interdisciplinary approach in treatment planning
with dental surgeons, prosthodontists and periodontologists.
Dr Ekaterina Gizoeva, DDS, PhD.
Instructors
Lidija Kanurkova
Gabriela Kjurchieva-Chuchkova
Igor Kirovski
Ivan Iliev
Radmila Dimovska
Irena Gavrilovic
215
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,

09:00-10:00
1.
:
: ,

/

10:00-11:30
2.
:
: tip torque

Forestadent

11:30-12:00

12:00-14:00
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216

COURSE PROGRAMME
Part one
09:00-10:00
1.
Diagnostics:
Anamnesis : Ethiology, Growth considerations
Facial Esthetics
Intraoral examination
Radiographic Records/Ceph analyses

Diagnostic Models
10:00-11:30
2.
Understanding the Straightwire Orthodontic Appliance System:
Braces characteristics: tip and torque
Different types of prescription
Self-ligating and ligating systems
Clinical cases showing use of Forestadent braces
Orthodontic archwires
11:30-12:00 Coffee break
Part two
12:00-14:00
3.
Treatment planning: Extraction vs non-extraction
4.
Retention
14:00-15:00 Lunch break

15:00-17:00 Hands-on course: Bracket positioning, Wire placement, leveling, different arhwires, space closure
Key words
Diagnostics. Treatment objective. Straight-wire. Biomechanics. Anchorage preparation as part of orthodontic
treatment.
217
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12-15, 2016 , ,
Adams
Weingart
218

INSTRUMENTS FOR THE COURSE

Sidenippersforwire
Adamspliers
Distalcutters
Weingartpliers
Ligature cutters
Clampingtweezers
Needle holder mathieu
Ligature director
219
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12-15, 2016 , ,
-

15.05.2016
,

(09:00-17:00)
08:00-09:00
- , DDS, PhD
- 1993
, ,
2003 SL Mandic - Campinas - . -
.
-
, . -
, Ricketts-
. , ,
, .
, - ,
,
- , DDS, PhD
:
220

POST-CONGRESS COURSE
Utilities bows as a tool in biomechanics
15.05.2016
Hotel Granit, Ohrid
Congress Hall
(9:00-17:00)
Registration 8:00-9:00
Dr Nelson Oppermann, DDS, PhD
Dr. Oppermann obtained his Orthodontics Specialty Certificate in 1993 from Dentists Association of Sao
Paulo and master degree in oral sciences focus in orthodontics in 2003 from SL Mandic dental School - Campinas - Brazil. Dr. Oppermann has been involved with the Bioprogressive and Sectional Mechanics Studies.
His connection to Dr Robert Ricketts years ago and presence in several studies on those subjects help this development. Dr. Oppermanns knowledge in growth and development of the human craniofacial complex together
to Ricketts cephalometric analysis and diagnostics system gives another perspective to treatment planning. He
is also involved as adjunct speaker professor at the Department of Orthodontics at the University of Illinois at
Chicago.
Apart of those attributions Dr. Oppermann is an active and enthusiastic professor and lecturer, being visited
many countries for teaching with articles published based on Bioprogressive Therapy field.
Dr Nelson Oppermann, DDS, PhD

Instructors
Lidija Kanurkova
Gabriela Kjurchieva-Chuchkova
Igor Kirovski
Ivan Iliev
Radmila Dimovska
Irena Gavrilovic
221
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,

09:00-11:00 - II ;
II?
11:00-11:30 -
11:30-13:30 II;
13:30-14:30 -
14:30-16:00 - ;3D
, ,..

,
.
,
.
,
, .

Omega Loop
- Weingart
- Nance-
- Bird Beak
- de La Rosa
-
- , , ,
222

COURSE PROGRAMME
09.00-11.00h - Basic knowledge for growth and development of cases of class II; When to intruded or extruded teeth during treatment for Class II?
11,00-11,30h -Discotheque break
11,30-13,30h -Reimbursement of utilities lacquer for the treatment of Class II; Presentation of clinical cases
13.30-14.30h -break Lunch
14,30-16,00h -Practical display application utilities arcs and their indication; 3D control of the incisors, expansion liners .
The course will be defeated method for bending arches tipodonti utilities with fixed orthodontic braces in
order to master the art of adapting liners in various types of anomalies. This allows biological tooth movement and reduce friction forces, leading to the application of the forces applied in orthodontics to close to the
biological.
This way of moving teeth, who has not stumped periodontium of tooth gives better results and stable, with
no great burden.
Necessary instruments to be taken by the participants of the course:
Omega Loop
- Weingart
- Nance Step Plier
- Torque
- Bird Beak
- Large de La Rosa (Orthopli
- Wire Cutters
- Mathieu Plier
- Scaler
- Explorer
223
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
ITOP
15.05.2016
,
?
-
- 1991 , 2002
. 20

Petrovi .
2008 iTOP ( )
. iTOP .
2011 Advanced , 2013
Teachers .
2013 , D-r Jiri Sedelmayora,
iTOP . iTOP , ,
, , .
iTOP

, ,
.
, ,
,
.
,
.
:

.
..
224

ITOP COURSE
15.05.2016
Hotel Granit, Ohrid
Room?
D-r Natasha Martic
D-r Natasha Martic graduated in 1991 at the Faculty of Dentistry in Belgrade, and in 2002 she specialized
in the field of Oral Medicine and parodontology. She has been working for 20 years at the Health Centre in
Pancevo, Cabinet for parodontology and Oral Medicine and at private practice Petrovi, as an expert consultant.
Since 2008 she became part of iTOP (individual training in oral prophylaxis) team in Serbia. She is an active
participant in numerous workshops during iTOP seminars in Serbia as an instructor. In 2011 she was promoted to instructor for Advanced seminars, and in 2013 she became an instructor of Teachers seminars.
In March 2013, following the decision of Dr Jiri Sedelmayora, she gets license for International lecturer and
instructor of iTOP seminars. She has participated in numerous international seminars iTOP in the Czech
Republic, Greece, Montenegro, Macedonia, Ukraine and Russia.
iTOP
The lecture will explain how to assess that adequate tooth brush and interdental brush for orthodontic patients. what kind of technique should we choose, supported and why, how to motivate the patients for tim
work and joint effort to maintain effective oral hygiene.
The working part of the course under the guidance of certified instructors in small groups to exercise practical application of learned knowledge through workshops in which an individual work, work with an instructor and work with each other in each group.
Special emphasis of the course will be on techniques, ways and selecting the right products to maintain oral
hygiene in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances.
Instructors:
Dr Natasa Martic
Prof. Snezana Pesevska
Assistant professor Sonja Mindova
225
3-
12-15, 2016 , ,
ITOP
10:00 - 10:10
10:10 - 10:55
, iTOP
10:55 - 11:05
iTOP-?
11:05 11:50
11:50 13:00 TOP (touch to teach-T2T)
13:00 13:30
13:30 14:00 iTOP- ?
14:00 14:30 , (CS Single)
14:30 15:00
15:00 16:00
iTOP
, (CS Single)
16:00 16:30
226

PROGRAM OF ITOP COURSE
10:00 - 10:10 Introduction

10:10 - 10:55 Biofilm, iTOP concept and prevention program - successes and failures
10:55 - 11:05 Introduction to iTOP-why?
11:05 11:50 Criteria for mechanical plaque control and interdental spaces
11:50 13:00 iTOP workshop (touch to teach-T2T) interdental brushes and dental floss
13:00 13:30 Coffee break
13:30 14:00 iTOP- and thus?
14:00 14:30 Toothbrush, BASS and Solo and technology (CS Single)
14:30 15:00 Chemical plaque control
15:00 16:00 iTOP workshop
Toothbrush, BASS and Solo and technology (CS Single)
16:00 16:30 Disccussion and sertificates
227
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MACEDONIAN ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY MEMBER OF MDS

Ohrid 12-15 May 2016

MOS Macedonian Orthodontic Society

st. Mother Teresa17

: +389 (0)2 3092841

Phone: +389 (0)2 3092841

Cover and Design, echnical preparation

3th Congress of the Macedonian Orthodontic Society with international participation

Dear colleagues, Dear friends,

Gabriela Kjurchieva Chuchkova

3th Congress of the Macedonian Orthodontic Society with international participation

PRESIDENT MOS 2016

3th Congress of the Macedonian Orthodontic Society with international participation

3th Congress of the Macedonian Orthodontic Society with international participation

3th Congress of the Macedonian Orthodontic Society with international participation

3th Congress of the Macedonian Orthodontic Society with international participation

3th Congress of the Macedonian Orthodontic Society with international participation

3th Congress of the Macedonian Orthodontic Society with international participation

3th Congress of the Macedonian Orthodontic Society with international participation

3th Congress of the Macedonian Orthodontic Society with international participation

Professor Vaska Vandevska-Radunovic, DDS, PhD

Dr Vaska Vandevska-Radunovic, is Professor at the Department in orthodontics of the University of Oslo,

3th Congress of the Macedonian Orthodontic Society with international participation

Tooth transplantation as a viable option

3th Congress of the Macedonian Orthodontic Society with international participation

Prof. Dr Haluk eri, DDS, PhD

3th Congress of the Macedonian Orthodontic Society with international participation

Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS):

3th Congress of the Macedonian Orthodontic Society with international participation

Prof. Dr. Moschos Papadopoulos, DDS, PhD

3th Congress of the Macedonian Orthodontic Society with international participation

Evidence based orthodontics

3th Congress of the Macedonian Orthodontic Society with international participation

Prof. Dr. Nejat Erverdi, DDS, PhD

3th Congress of the Macedonian Orthodontic Society with international participation

Everiting about bone anchorage

3th Congress of the Macedonian Orthodontic Society with international participation

Prof. Dr. Martina Drevensek, DDM, PhD

3th Congress of the Macedonian Orthodontic Society with international participation

The use of skeletal anchorage

3th Congress of the Macedonian Orthodontic Society with international participation

3th Congress of the Macedonian Orthodontic Society with international participation

3th Congress of the Macedonian Orthodontic Society with international participation

Prof. Dr. Nelson Oppermann, DDS, PhD

3th Congress of the Macedonian Orthodontic Society with international participation

Integration of bioprogressive therapy

3th Congress of the Macedonian Orthodontic Society with international participation

Prof. Dr. Sasil Poonnen, DDS, PhD

3th Congress of the Macedonian Orthodontic Society with international participation

The wisdom behind extracting the third molars

Forestadent, Pumpa Group Moskow, 2012 .

3th Congress of the Macedonian Orthodontic Society with international participation

Prof. Dr. Ekaterina Gizoeva, DDS, PhD

3th Congress of the Macedonian Orthodontic Society with international participation

Skeletal anchorage as part of orthodontic treatment

3th Congress of the Macedonian Orthodontic Society with international participation

Professor Lidija Kanurkova, DDS, PhD

3th Congress of the Macedonian Orthodontic Society with international participation

Orthodontic concepts for using microimplants

3th Congress of the Macedonian Orthodontic Society with international participation

Professor Vladimir Popovski, DDS, PhD

3th Congress of the Macedonian Orthodontic Society with international participation

Dentofacial deformities integrated orthodontic & surgical

3th Congress of the Macedonian Orthodontic Society with international participation