Tutorial Sheet 2

[Module 1 - Turning Moment and Flywheel and

Dynamic Force Analysis]
Last Date of Submission is 09/09/2016
Numerical Question:
1. A certain machine requires a torque of (5000 + 500 sin ) N-m to drive it, where is the
angle of rotation of shaft measured from certain datum. The machine is directly coupled
to an engine which produces a torque of (5000 + 600 sin 2) N-m. The flywheel and the
other rotating parts attached to the engine has a mass of 500 kg at a radius of gyration of
0.4 m. If the mean speed is 150 r.p.m., find : 1. the fluctuation of energy, 2. the total
percentage fluctuation of speed, and 3. the maximum and minimum angular acceleration
of the flywheel and the corresponding shaft position.
[Ans: 1204 N-m, 6.1 %, 12.2 rad/s2]
2. In a turning moment diagram, the areas above and below the mean torque line taken in
order are 4400, 1150, 1300 and 4550 mm2 respectively. The scales of the turning moment
diagram are: Turning moment, 1 mm = 100 N-m ; Crank angle, 1 mm = 1.
Find the mass of the flywheel required to keep the speed between 297 and 303 r.p.m., if
the radius of gyration is 0.525 m.
[Ans. 417 kg]
3. Mean torque developed by a steam engine is 19000Nm at 100 rpm. Fluctuation of speed
of the flywheel attached to engine shaft is limited to

of the mean speed. From

turning moment diagram it was found that the coefficient of fluctuation of energy is
0.12%. Find the power developed by the engine and Moment of inertia of flywheel
required.
[Ans. 198.97kW, 13063.6 kg m2]
4. A 4 stroke gas engine carries a solid disc flywheel of 100kg mass and 800mm radius. The
mean effective pressure in the cylinder during the cycle are:

a.
b.
c.
d.

Suction atmospheric
Compression 1.5 bar (above atmospheric)
Expansion 6.5 bar (above atmospheric)
Exhaust 0.25 bar (above atmospheric)

The cylinder diameter is 200 mm and the crank radius is 125 mm. find the percentage
fluctuation of speed during the cycle if the mean speed of the engine is 300 rpm.
[Ans. 13.2 %]
5. A vertical petrol engine 100 mm diameter and 120 mm stroke has a connecting rod 250
mm long. The mass of the piston is 1.1 kg. The speed is 2000 r.p.m. On the expansion
stroke with a crank 20 from top dead centre, the gas pressure is 700 kN/m2.
Determine:
1. Net force on the piston,
2. Resultant load on the gudgeon pin,
3. Thrust on the cylinder walls, and
4. Speed above which, other things remaining same, the gudgeon pin load would be
reversed in direction.
[Ans: 2256.8 N,2265 N,185.5 N,2606 rpm]
6. A petrol engine 90 mm in diameter and 120 mm stroke has a connecting rod of 240 mm
length. The piston has a mass of 1 kg and the speed is 1800 r.p.m. On the explosion
stroke with the crank at 30 from top dead centre, the gas pressure is 0.5 N/mm2.
Find:
(i) The resultant load on the gudgeon pin,
(ii) The thrust on the cylinder walls, and
(iii) The speed, above which other things remaining same, the gudgeon pin load would be
reserved in direction. Also calculate the crank effort at the given position of the crank.
[Ans. 1078 N; 136 N; 2212 r.p.m.; 39.4 N-m]

Theoretical Question:
1. Define the term turning moment, with the help of various forces acting on IC engine.

2. Explain following terms:

a. Fluctuation of speed
b. Fluctuation of energy
c. Various types of flywheel
3. What is the function of flywheel and does it differ from governor?
4. Prove that the maximum fluctuation of energy in the flywheel is given by,

Where, I = Mass moment of inertia of the flywheel

Average speed of the flywheel.