Signals and Systems- Assignment 01

(Course Topics: Signal Representation, Signal Properties, Elementary Signal Transformations)

Instructions: Use Separate Assignment Notebook for the Signals and Systems Course;
Date of Submission of Notebook: 10-09-2015; Max. Marks: 100; Office Location: 2nd Floor
Director Office Building, Samantapuri Campus;
PART-I: Problems in Signal Representations
1. Write the mathematical expressions of the following CT and DT elementary functions
and Sketch those elementary functions: unit impulse function, unit step function (or
Heaviside unit function), ramp function, rectangular pulse function, signum (or sign)
function, sinc function, sinusoidal function, exponentially increasing sinusoidal function,
exponentially decreasing sinusoidal function, real-valued exponential decaying function
with < 0, real-valued exponential function with = 0, and real-valued exponential
rising function with > 0.

2. A continuous-time signal
 is shown in Fig. I-2. Sketch and label each of the
following signals.
(a)
1 ;

(b)
[  1];

(c)
 

Figure I.2: A finite-duration two-sided CT signal

3. Represent a piecewise constant function
 as shown in Fig. I.3 in terms of step
functions. Determine the derivative of function
 and sketch its derivative function.

Figure I.3: A piecewise constant function


4. Given the continuous-time signal specified by

 = 

1 ||

0, 

determine the resultant discrete-time sequence
[ ] obtained by uniform sampling of

 with a sampling interval Ts of (a) 0.25 s, (b) 0.5 s, and (c) 1.0 s. Sketch the discrete
sequence x[n] for the sample index, 5 <  < 5.
5. Using the discrete-time signals x1[n] and x2[n] shown in Fig. I-5, represent each of the
following signals by a graph (or graphical representation) and by a sequence of numbers
(or sequence representation)
(a)
(b)
(c)

! []

=
! [] +
[];
[]
= 4
! []
!
! [] =
! []
[]

Figure I.5: A finite duration discrete time signals

6. Find and sketch the first derivatives of the following signals

(a)
 =   %, % > 0
(b)
 = [  %], % > 0
1,  > 0 
(c)
 = ' = (
1,  < 0
7. Express the waveforms of Figure I.7(a) and (b) as a sum of unit step functions.

Figure I.7(a): Symmetric rectangular pulse;

Figure I.7(b): Symmetric triangular wave

PART-II: Problems in Periodic and Non-Periodic Signals

1. Determine if the following CT signals are periodic. If yes, compute the fundamental
period T0 and fundamental frequency for the CT signals:
i)

x1(t) = sin(-5t/8 + /2)

ii)

x2(t) = |sin(-5t/8 + /2)|

iii)

x3(t) = sin(6t/7) + 2cos(3t/5)

iv)

x4(t) = exp(j(5t + /4))

v)

x5(t) = exp(j3t / 8) + exp(t / 86)

vi)

x6(t) = 2cos(4t / 5) * sin2 (16t / 3)

vii)

x7(t) = 1+ sin20t + cos(30t + /3)

2. Determine if the following DT signals are periodic. If yes, compute the fundamental
period N0 for the DT signal :
i)

x1[k] = 5 x (-1)k

ii)

x2[k] = exp(j(7k / 4)) + exp(j(3k / 4))

iii)

x3[k] = exp(j(7k / 4)) + exp(j(3k / 4))

iv)

x4[k] = sin(3k / 8) + cos(63k / 64)

v)

x5[k] = exp(j(7k / 4)) + cos(4k / 7 + )

vi)

x6[k] = sin(3k / 8)cos(63k / 64)

3. Show that the complex exponential signal
 =  )*+ , is periodic and that its
fundamental period is 2./01 .

4. Show that the complex exponential sequence
[] =  )2+ 3 is periodic only if 2./1 is a
rational number.

5. Consider the sinusoidal signal
 = cos15

(a) Find the value of sampling interval  such that
[] =
[ ] is a periodic
sequence.
(b) Find the fundamental period of
[] =
[ ] if  = 0.1. seconds.

6. Let
!  and
 be periodic signals with fundamental periods T1, and T2,
respectively. Under what conditions is the sum
 =
!  +
 periodic, and what
is the fundamental period of
 if it is periodic?

7. Let
! [] and
[] be periodic signals with fundamental periods N1, and N2,
respectively. Under what conditions is the sum
[] =
! [] +
[] periodic, and what
is the fundamental period of
[] if it is periodic?

PART-III: Problems in Energy and Power Signals

1. Determine if the following CT signals are energy or power signals or neither. Compute
the energy and power of the signals in each case:
i)

x1(t) = cos (t)sin(3t)

ii)

x2(t) = exp(-2t)

iii)

x3(t) = exp(-j2t)

iv)

x4(t) = exp(-2t)u(t)

v)

x5(t) = 

vi)
vii)

cos3. , 3  3
0 , ;
 , 0  2
x6(t) = <4  , 2  4
0 , ;
!

x[n] = ( 3 u[n]

=
>

viii) x[n] =cos( n)

ix)
x)
xi)
xii)
xiii)

?@

x[k] =  ) A B C 

[] = []

[] = [] [ 1]

[] = 3FGHI [E]

[] = I
KGL [ J]

PART-VI: Problems in Even and Odd Signals

1. Determine if the following CT signals are even, odd, or neither even nor odd. In the latter
case, evaluate and sketch the even and odd components of the CT signals:
i)

x1(t) = 2sin (2t)[2+ cos(4t)]

ii)

x2(t) = t2 + cos(3t)

iii)

x3(t) = exp(-3t)sin(3t)

iv)

x4(t) = t sin(5t)

v)

x5(t) = t u(t)

vi)
vii)

,, LM,M
N, M,M>
x6(t) = <H,BN, >M,MN
L, OPOQROSO

x (t) =exp(jt)

2. Show that the product of two even signals or of two odd signals is an even signal and that
the product of an even and an odd signal is an odd signal.

PART-V: Problems in impulse function

1. Evaluate the following expressions:

i)

TB ,B, A

ii)

WXY ,

iii)

*Z H!

UB, A B, V
,

*A H!

 2



0 2

2. Evaluate the following integrals

i)
ii)
iii)
iv)
v)
vi)
vii)
viii)

[HI 1 2\
N

[HI 1 2\
I

[N  1 2\
I

[HI2/3 53/4 5/6\

I

[HI exp  1sin . + 10/61 \

I

[HI[sin c
I

de
>

f + exp 4 + 1] 1\

[HI[ut 4 ut 8]sin 3t /4 5\

!

[H !I
KGHI  5J\

3. Describe the six properties of impulse function

!

4. Verify the following equations: % = |k|  and  = 

PART-VI: Problems in Elementary Signal Transformations

1. A CT signal x(t) is shown in Fig. VI-1. Sketch and label each of the following signals.
(a) x(t - 2);

(b) x(t + 2);

(c) x(2t);

(d) x(t/2);

(e) x (- t+2);

Figure VI.1: A finite duration CT signal x(t)

2. A DT signal x[n] is shown in Fig. VI-2. Sketch and label each of the following signals.
(a) x[n2];

(b) x[n+2];

(c) x[2n];

(d) x [n/2] ;

(e) x [-n + 2]

Figure VI-2: A finite duration DT signal x[n]

5. Consider the following signal:

,B ,H M,MH!
! ,H!M,M!
x(t) = <H,B , !l,M 
L, OPOQROSO
i.
ii.

Sketch the functions : (a) x(t-3) ;

(b) x(-2t-3) ; (c) x(2t-3); (d) x(-0.75t-3)
Determine the analytical expressions for each of the four functions

6. Consider the function f(t) shown in Fig.VI-6.

Figure VI-6
i)
ii)
iii)

Sketch the function g(t) = f (-3t + 9)

Calculate the energy of the signal f(t).. Is it a power or energy signal?
Repeat (ii) for g(t)

7. Consider the function f(t) shown in Fig. VI-7.

Figure VI-7
i)
ii)

Sketch the function g(t) = f (-2t + 6)

Represent the function f(t)
(t) as a summation of an even and an odd signal. Sketch
the even and odd parts.

8. Consider the function f(t) shown in Fig. VI-8.

i)
ii)

Figure VI-8
Sketch the function g(t) =tf (t + 2)-tf(t-2)
Sketch the function g(2t)