Full Wave Rectifier

A Project Report
Submitted by
Aashray Kotha
CBSE GRADE XII
PHYSICS

Nehru Smarka Vidyalaya Kendra

244/C, 32 Cross, 7th block, 2nd Main Rd,
Jayanagar, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560082

2016-17

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Aashray Kotha of Grade XII in Nehru Smarka
Vidyalaya Kendra, Bangalore, with registration number has successfully
completed the project in Physics on the topic Full Wave Rectifier in
partial fulfilment of the requirements stated by CBSE in the year 2016-17.

Signature of the Candidate

Signature of Teacher In Charge

Signature of Principal

Signature of External Examiner

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I warmly acknowledge the continuous encouragement and timely

suggestions offered by our dear Chairman Mr. D Muniraju, and Mr.
Ashish. I extend my hearty thanks also to our principal, Mr. Arokia
Raj, for giving me the opportunity to make use of the facilities
available in the campus to carry out the project successfully.

I am highly indebted to my Physics teacher, Mr. Jayaprakash, for the

constant supervision, providing necessary information and support in
completing the project. I would like to express my gratitude towards
him for his kind co-operation and encouragement.

Finally, I extend my gratitude to one and all who are directly or indirectly

involved in the successful completion of this project work.

Aashray Kotha

INDEX
1. AIM
2. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
3.CERTIFICATE
4.INTRODUCTION
5. MATERIALS REQUIRED
6. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
7. WORKING
8.BIBLOGRAPHY

AIM

To construct a full wave rectifier and show

that that Alternating Current is rectified
into a Direct Current.

Introduction
A full wave rectifier is a device which is used to rectify all
the alternating current components in an alternating
supply and make it purely a direct current The two
alternating halves of an alternation current are rectified
in a full wave rectifier which is an advantage over a half
wave rectifier. Most electronic devices cannot withstand
very high voltage or alternating current due to its intense
high power. The use of batteries in all devices is not
practical as their replacement and durability is a huge
problem as the device has to be dismantled each time for
such a replacement. So these rectifiers are used in most
of the electronic devices like TVs, Radios, Chargers, and
Lightings etc.

Materials required in
the construction
Connecting wires
A Plug
Single lead wire - 2m
3 Nuts & Bolts 2 to 3cm length
A Circuit board
A Transformer

A Capacitor

A Resistor (1 K )
P-N junction diodes

An LED

 Insulation tape, Blades, soldering wax, soldering lead,

soldering iron & sand paper.

Circuit Diagram

Connection details
Connections are done as in the circuit. The A.C. supply is
given to both the input wires of the transformer and the
two ends of the secondary coil is given to the P side of
the two diodes and the N side of the diodes are twined
and then connected to one en d of the capacitor and the
other end to the centre tap lead and to the resistor.
Further, the other end of capacitor with the diode
connect ion is connected to the other end of

the resistor. Connect 2 leads on both the ends of the

resistor to measure the output and this is connected to
the +ve & -ve terminals of the bulb.

Working
1st when the A.C. is supplied to the transformer, it
steps down the 230V main supply to 6 volts. It has a
capability of delivering a current of 500mA. The 6 volts
C. appearing across the secondary is the RMS value
and the peak value is 8.4 volts. During the 1st half
cycle of the A.C. input Diode D1 is forward biased and a
current I flows in the circuit in the direction S1D1
ABEOS1. During this time diode D2 is reverse biased.
So it does not conduct any electric current. During
the next half cycle the diodeD2 is forward and D1 is
reversed. Hence D2 conducts current in the direction
S2D2ABEOS2 and D1 does not conduct any current.
In subsequent half cycles of the A.C current the
above processes are repeated. In both the half
cycles it is clear that current flows through the
resistor in only one direction ABE. Even
though
the voltage across RL is unidirectional
it will
still contain a few A.C
components. This is
filtered and made smooth using a capacitor, which
filters 99% of the A.C current. A resistor is then
used to adjust the output voltage. Capacitor also
nearly filters all A.C components from the supply
and resistance is adjusted for the required output.
As this is a simple circuit, only one capacitor and a
resistance are being used. But there will be slight
factor of A.C. current still left in the output but it
is negligible. The output

Direct Current and voltage light up the LED.

GRAPH

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Physics-Textbook for Class XII ; NCERT

Websites:
www.google.com
www.wikipedia.org
www.ncert.nic.in