Alyia Martha B.

Alcancia
2016
2012-10039
Gordoncillo

May 3,
Prof.

COMPILATION OF EQUATIONS USED IN NUTRITION

Equation
DBW (g)=birthweight
(g) + (age in months x
600)
DBW (g)= birthweight
(g) + (age in months x
500)
DBW (kg)= (age in
months / 2) +3
DBW (kg)= (age in
years x 2) + 8
BMI= kg/ m

Tannhausers Method
Ex. DBW= (157.48-100)
-10%(157.48-100)

Adopted Method
for 5 ft use 106 lbs. for
every inch above 5
feet, add 5 lbs
Infants: TER/day=95-80
kcal/DBW

Children: TER/day=
1000 + (100 x age in
years)
TER= DBW x value

Guideline
If birthweight is not
known, use 3000 g
Infants weight doubles
at 5-6 months
infants weight triples
at 12 months

Reference
NDAP

Purpose
Estimating the
DBW for infants
(first 6 months)

NDAP

DBW (For 7-12

months infants)

Infants weight
quadruples at 24
months
+2 kg every year

NDAP

DBW for infant

NDAP

18.5-24.9 is normal

NDAP

Measure height in
centimeter. Deduct
from this factor 100
and the answer is the
DBW in kg. the DBW
obtained to Filipino
Stature by taking off
10%
Adaptation of
tannhausers formula

NDAP

DBW for
children
Body mass
index
DBW for adults

NDAP

DBW

NDAP

Narins & Weil

Estimating the
Total Energy
Requirement
(TER)/day
TER for children

NDAP

Adolescents

13-15: 55 (boys)
45 (girls)
16-18: 50 (boys)
40 (girls)

DBW (kg)= (age in

years x 2) + 8
Method I
Basal Metabolic Needs
+ %Physical Activity
=BMR

Method II

Method III
HBEE (males)= 66.47+
13.75 (W) + 5.0 (H)
6.75 (A)
(females)=655.1 +9.56
(W) + 1.85 (H)-4.67 (A)
NDAP formula
TER= kg x activity level

TER/day=normal
requirement + 300 kcal
TER/day=normal
requirement + 500 kcal
Mifflin - St Jeor Formula
Men
10 x weight (kg) + 6.25

+2 kg every year

NDAP

Basal Metabolic
Needs= 1 kcal/DBW/hr
for male
=0.9 kcal /KDBW/hr for
female

Cooper et al

Physical Activity = %
above basal
Bed rest= 10
Sedentary =30
Light=50
Moderate= 75
Heavy=100
Activity
Bed rest= 27.5
Sedentary=30
Light=35
Moderate=40
Heavy=45
Where:
W-Body weight (kg)
H-Height (cm)
A-age (yrs)

Activi
ty
In bed
but
mobil
e
Light
Moder
ate
Heav
y

Ma
le
35

Fem
ale
30

40
45

35
40

50

Krause

Kcal/KDBW/day

HarrisBenedict
Energy
ExpenditureFormula

TER

NDAP formula

TER

NDAP

Pregnant
women
Lactating
women
TER

NDAP
Mifflin-St Jeor was
found to be the most
accurate.

DBW for
children
Total energy
requirements

Mifflin - St Jeor

x height (cm) - 5 x age

(y) + 5
Women
10 x weight (kg) + 6.25
x height (cm) - 5 x age
(y) - 161.
Katch-McArdle Formula
Men & Women
21.6 * Fat Free Mass +
370
Where Fat Free Mass =
Weight - (Body Fat
Percentage * Weight).
Harris-Benedict Formula
Men
66.5 + (13.75 X weight
in kg) + (5.003 X height
in cm) - (6.775 X age in
years)
Women
655.1 + (9.563 X
weight in kg) + (1.85 X
height in cm) - (4.676 X
age in years)
Conventional method
Energy:
Adults TER = ( 20 kcal x
kdbw) + (70 kcal x %
BSA)
Children TER= (60 kcal
x kdbw) + (35kcal x %
BSA)
Protein:
Adults (1g x kdbw) (3g
%BSA)
Children: (3g x kdbw) +
( 1g x %BSA)
Fever Method 1
TER=dbw x 24 x 1 kcal
(0.9 kcal for female) +

It is a variation1 on the
basic Mifflin-St Jeor
equation that will base
the equation on Fat
Free Mass (FFM) or
Lean Mass. This is more
accurate for those who
are leaner
This formula was
created in 1919, and
due to changing
lifestyles, it tends to
overstate calorie needs
by 5%. The results tend
to be skewed towards
both obese and young
people

nutrition in burns

-high kcal, 13%

increase per increase in
C or 7 if F

Katch-McArdle

TER

HarrisBenedict

Lactating
women

Lifted from
Bernardo, A.K
Lecture

TER and
protein
requirement for
patients with
burns

Lifted from
Bernardo, A.K
Lecture

TER for
patients with
fever

increase in temp
Kcal BMN x AF = kcal
for activity

- high pro, 10%

increase in BMR per
increase in C or 5.5 if
Fahrenheit

Total TER days=

adjusted BMN + kcal
for activity
Polk
TER= ( kcl x kg of body
weight) + (35 1 burn)
Adjusted weight=
current weight/ (100%of amputation)

Lifted from
Bernardo, A.K
(2016)
Lecture
Lifted from
Gordoncillo
(2016) lecture

Percent desirable BW=

(current weight/
reference weight) x 100

Lifted from
Gordoncillo
(2016) lecture

Percent usual weight=

(current of admit
weight/ usual weight) x
100

Estimating TER
Pol for formula
for children <3
years old
Estimating
Body weight
(amputated
patient)
Physical
Examination:
Percent
desirable body
weight

Percent usual
weight

Percent weight
change=[(usual weightcurrent weight)/ usual
weight] x 100

Catabolic index =
urinary urea nitrogen dietary nitrogen + 3

Serum osmolality (SO)

Where UUN and dietary

nitrogen are in gram
per day interpreted asCl of 1-5 = mild stress
Cl of > 5= moderate to
severe stress
The extent to which the
measured UUN exceeds
50% of nitrogen intake
is an index to assess
the degree of stress
imposed by illness
To interpret normal

Lifted from
Gordoncillo
(2016) lecture

Lifted from

Percent weight
change
Catabolic index

Hydration

Steps:
1.Obtain values* for
- serum sodium,
mEg/L
- BUN mg/dl
-BG
concentrations,
mg/dl
2. Calculate serum
osmolality using the
equation:
SO mOsm/kg= (2 x
serum Na) + (BUN/2.8)
+ (BG/1.8)
Basal energy
expenditure (BEE)
BEE(m)= 66+13.7 W
+5H-6.8A
BEE(w)=655+9.6W+1.
7H-4.7A
TDE(male)=
(66+13.7W+5H-6.8A)
(AF) (IF)

Nitrogen Balance
Steps:
1. Estimate patients
energy needs
2. Estimated desired
ratio of kcal/g of
dietary nitrogen
Ex: 150:1 for
amputation
200:1 for
maintenance
3. Calculate nitrogen
requirements using
this eq:
Nrequired(g)=kcal/k
cal:N ratio
4. Calculate amount of
protein which would

values
275-295 mOsm/kg for
adults
270-285 mOsm/kg for
children

Gordoncillo
(2016) lecture

status

Were:
W-body weight in kg
H-height in cm
A-age in years

Lifted from
Gordoncillo
(2016) lecture

Energy balance

Purposes:
- To evaluate
current intake
relative to need
- To plan for future
nutritional
support
- To plan for weight
management
Based on nitrogen
excretion
Based on estimated
energy requirement

Lifted from
Gordoncillo
(2016) lecture

Total Daily
Expenditure

Lifted from
Gordoncillo
(2016) lecture

Nitrogen
Balance

contain 15 g
nitrogen
Protein (g)=
nitrogen (g) x 6.25
Injury Factor
Burns
<20%BSA
20%-40% BSA
>40% BSA
Severe burn
Fracture, long bone
Respiratory/Renal failure
COPD
Cancer and Chemoteraphy or
radiationCardiac cachexia
Surgery, minor/elective
Surger, major

1.2-1.4
1.5-1.7
1.8-2.0
2.1-2.3
1.2-1.3
1.4-1.5
1.4-1.6
1.5-1.6
1.1-1.2
1.2-1.3

Adjusted weight for amputation

Body part
Hand
Arm and shoulder
Below the knee
Above the knee
Forearm
Foot
At the knee
Entire leg

%
<5%
6.5%
6.0%
12.0%
3.0%
2.0%
9.0%
19%

Activity Factors (AF)

Confined to bed
Out of bed
Bed rest
Very light

1.2
1.3
1.0-1.1
1.2-1.3

light
Moderate
Heavy
Strenuous or
exceptional

Injury Factor
No illness/non stress
Convalescence,mild malnutrition
Postoperative(no complication)

1.0
1.1

1.4-1.5
1.6-1.7
1.9-2.1
2.2-2.4

Mild illness,non catabolic

Confine to bed
Ambulatory/out of bed
Infections and stress, catabolic
Mild
Moderate
Severe,hypercatabolic
Sepsis
Trauma (skeletal /blunt)
Multiple head injury

1.2
1.3
1.1-1.2
1.3-1.4
1.5-1.7
1.8-2.0
1.3-1.4
1.5-1.6

State of health factor

State of health
Cancer malabsorption
syndrome, tuberculosis
Respiratory failure acute
Renal failure , acute
Hemodialysis
Peritoneal dialysis
Pressure sore
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
Stage 4
Mild stress
Moderate stress
Severe stress
Hypermetabolic stress
Polytrauma infection
Severe sepsis major burn
head injury
Surgery, minor/elective
Surgery major
Depleted protein stores
Long bone fractures,
draining wounds
Hepatitis, cirrhosis

Protein needs (g/kg BW)

1.2-1.5
1.3-1.4
0.3-0.5
1.0-1.2
1.2-1.5
1.0-1.1
1.2-1.4
1.5-1.7
1.8-2.0
1.1-1.2
1.3-1.4
1.5-1.7
1.7-2.5
1.8-2.4
2.5-3.0
1.2-1.3
1.4-1.5
1.5-2.0
1.6-1.7
1.5-2.0

Nutritional Anthropometry
Equation/Guideline
For infants,
a. 0-6 months

Reference
Mariano-Bayna, R. (2015).
Nutritional Anthropometry.

DBW (g) = BW + (age in months x 600)

b. 7-12 months
DBW (g) = BW + (age in months x 500)
DBW (kg) =(age in months/2) + 3
Note: if BW is not known, use 3000g
For Children,
DBW (kg) = (age in years x 2) + 8

For adults,
a. Body Mass Index-Based Formula
BMI for men = 22
BMI for women = 21
DBW (kg) = Desirable BMI x ht(m 2)
b. Tannhausers Method
DBW (kg) = (height in cm - 100) 10%

[Class handout]. Institute of

Human Nutrition and Food,
College of Human Ecology,
University of the
Philippines.
Mariano-Bayna, R. (2015).
Nutritional Anthropometry.
[Class handout]. Institute of
Human Nutrition and Food,
College of Human Ecology,
University of the
Philippines.
Mariano-Bayna, R. (2015).
Nutritional Anthropometry.
[Class handout]. Institute of
Human Nutrition and Food,
College of Human Ecology,
University of the
Philippines.

c. Adopted Method
For every 5 ft, use 105 lbs for DBW
For every inch above/below 5ft, add/subtract 5
lbs
d. Ador Dionisios Method
For 5 ft, 110 lbs Male
100 lbs Female
For every inch above 5 fft, add 2 lbs
For every 5 year complement between 25-50
y/o, add 2 lbs
e. Dr. Fernandos Method
For 5 ft: 106 lbs Male
100 lbs Female
For every inch above 5 ft, add 6 lbs, male
5 lbs, female
f.

NDAP Formula
For 5 ft: 112 lbs Male
106 lbs Female
For every inch above/below 5 ft, add/subtract 4
lbs
Calculating age in months
1. Obtain birth date.
2. Compute age in months of the child using the

Mariano-Bayna, R. (2015).
Nutritional Anthropometry.

formula:
Age = Date of weighing Date of Birth
3. Convert age in years into months by
multiplying it by 12. Add the age in months to
the product; the total gives the age in months.
Reminders:
Dates should be written in the sequence of
the year month day (e.g., March 9 2013
should be written as 2013 03 - 09)
If the day of weighing is less than the day of
birth, borrow one month and add 30 to the
number of days
If month of weighing is less than month of
birth, borrow one year and add 12 to the
number of months
Determining the nutritional status of children under 5
y/o using CGS
1. Weight for age
a. Locate the point where the childs age in
months intersects with the actual weight of
the child
b. Use appropriate table for boy or girl
c. Classify the weight of the child using the
following categories
Normal
Underweight
Severely underweight
Overweight
2. Length/Height for age
a. Locate the point where the childs age in
months intersects with the actual
length/height of child
b. Use the appropriate table for boy or girl
c. Classify the length of the child using the
following categories:
Normal
Short/Stunted
Severely short/stunted
Tall
3. Weight for length/height
a. Locate the point where the childs
length/height intersects with the weight of
the child
b. Use the appropriate table for boy or girl
c. Classify the weight of the child using the
following categories:
Normal
Wasted/Thin

[Class handout]. Institute of

Human Nutrition and Food,
College of Human Ecology,
University of the
Philippines.

Mariano-Bayna, R. (2015).
Nutritional Anthropometry.
[Class handout]. Institute of
Human Nutrition and Food,
College of Human Ecology,
University of the
Philippines.

 Severely wasted/thin
Overweight
Obese
Determining the nutritional status of school children
and adolescents using the BMI-for-age table
1. BMI-for-age
BMI is calculated using weight and height
measurements. It is used to compare a childs
weight relative to stature with other children of
the same age and gender. Because adiposity
varies with age and gender during childhood
and adolescence, BMI is age and gender
specific.
BMI = weight (kg)
Height (m 2)
2. For the BMI for age tables, refer to the CGS
book. Tables and charts may be downloaded
from:
http://www.who.int/growthref/who2007_bmi_for
_age/en/index.html
Interpreting Waist-Hip Ratio and Waist Circumferences
Sex-Specific Waist Circumference that Denote
Increased Risk and Substantially Increased Risk of
Metabolic Complications Associated with Obesity in
Caucasians

Gender

Risk of Obesity Associated

Metabolic Complications
Increased
Substantially
Increased
Men
94 cm (~37
102 cm(~40
inches)
inches)
Women
80 cm (~32
88 cm(~35
inches)
inches)
Waist Hip Ratio cut-off points
Gender
Risk of Obesity Associated Metabolic
Complications
Male
>1.0
Female
>0.85

Mariano-Bayna, R. (2015).
Nutritional Anthropometry.
[Class handout]. Institute of
Human Nutrition and Food,
College of Human Ecology,
University of the
Philippines.

Mariano-Bayna, R. (2015).
Nutritional Anthropometry.
[Class handout]. Institute of
Human Nutrition and Food,
College of Human Ecology,
University of the
Philippines.

Determining the Nutritional

BMI (FAO)
BMI Range
Class/Cate
gory
<16
CED Grade
III
16 16.9
CED Grade
II
17 18.4
CED Grade
I
18.5 19.9
Low
Normal

Status of Adults using BMI

BMI Range
20.0 24.9
25.0 29.9
30.0 39.9
40

WHO Classifications
WHO Classification
Classification
BMI
Underweight

<18.50

Normal Range
Overweight
Preobese
Obese Class I
Obese Class II
Obese Class III

18.50 24.99
25.00
25.00 29.99
30.00 34.99
35.00 39.99
40.00

Class/Cate
gory
Normal
Obese
Grade I
Obese
Grade II
Obese
Grade III

Risk of
comorbidities
Low (but risk of
other clinical
problem is
increased)
Average
Increased
Moderate
Severe
Very severe

Proposed Classification weight by BMI in adult Asians

WHO Classification
Classification
BMI
Risk of
comorbidities
Underweight
<18.50
Low (but risk of
other clinical
problem is

Mariano-Bayna, R. (2015).
Nutritional Anthropometry.
[Class handout]. Institute of
Human Nutrition and Food,
College of Human Ecology,
University of the
Philippines.

Normal Range
Overweight

18.50 22.99
23.00 27.49

increased)
Acceptable Risk
Increased Risk

Obese I

27.50

High Risk

BMI Cut-off for Adults and Lactating Women (FNRI)

Classification
BMI Level
Severe chronic
<16.0
deficiency or 3rd CED
Moderate chronic
16.0 16.9
deficiency or 2nd CED
Mild chronic deficiency
17.0 18.4
or 1st CED
Low Normal
18.5 19.9
Normal
20.0 24.9
1st Obese
25.0 29.9
nd
2 Obese
30.0 39.9
2rd Obese
40
Weight From Calf Circumference
Formula:
Female
Weight (kg) = (1.27 x CC) + (0.87 x KH) + (0.98 x
MUAC) + (0.4 x SSF) 62.35
Male:
Weight (kg) = (0.98 x CC) + (1.16 x KH) + (1.73 x
MUAC) + (0.437 x SSF) 81.69
Where:
CC = Calf Circumference
KH = Knee Height
MUAC = Mid Upper Arm Circumference
SSF = Subscapular Skinfold Thickness
Procedure:
1. While the subject is sitting, place the tape
around the right calf and move it up and down
to locate the maximum circumference in a
plane perpendicular to the long axis of the calf.
2. Take additional measurements above and
below the point to ensure that the first
measurement was the largest
3. Hold the zero end of the tape below the
measurement value, snugly but not tight
4. An accurate measurement can only be
obtained if the tape is at a right angle to the
length of the calf, and should be recorded to
the nearest 0.1 cm

Ilagan, J. (2016). Nutrition

Anthropometry. [Class
handout]. Institute of
Human Nutrition and Food,
College of Human Ecology,
University of the
Philippines.

Height form Knee Height

a. Nomogram to estimate stature from knee
height (Chumlea et al.)
Formula:
Male:
Height (cm) = (2.02 x knee height, cm) (0.04 x
age in years) + 64.19
Female:
Height (cm) = (1.83 x knee height, cm) (0.24 x
age in years) + 84.99

Ilagan, J. (2016). Nutrition

Anthropometry. [Class
handout]. Institute of
Human Nutrition and Food,
College of Human Ecology,
University of the
Philippines.

b. Tanchocos Formula
Formula:
Male:
Height (cm) = 96.50 + (1.38 x knee height, cm)
(0.08 x age, years)
Female:
Height (cm) = 89.68 + (1.53 x knee height, cm)
(0.17 x age, years)
Procedure:
1. To measure the recumbent knee height, have
the subject bend the knee and ankle of the left leg
at a 90 degree angle while lying supine
2. Place the fixed blade of the knee caliper under
the heel of the left foot and the other is placed
over the anterior surface of the left thigh above
the condyles of the femur and just proximal to the
patella
3. Be sure the shaft of the caliper is in line with
and parallel to the long bone in the lower leg
(tibia) and is over the ankle bone (lateral
malleolus).
4. Apply gentle pressure to the blades if the
caliper compress the tissue.
5. Record the measurement to the nearest 0.1 cm.
Take at least two measurements in immediate
succession. They should agree within 0.5 cm
(5mm). Calculate the mean.

Height from Armspan

Formula:
Male:
Height (cm) = 118.24 + (0.28 x armspan, cm) (0.07
x age, years)
Female:

Ilagan, J. (2016). Nutrition

Anthropometry. [Class
handout]. Institute of
Human Nutrition and
Food, College of Human
Ecology, University of the
Philippines.

Height (cm) = 63.18 + (0.63 x armspan, cm) (0.17 x

age, years)
Procedure
1. Position the horizontal scale just above the
shoulders of the subject.
2. The individual should stand with feet together,
back against the wall, with arms extended
literally in contact with the wall, and with
palms facing forward.
3. The arms must be kept at shoulder height and
outstretched maximally.
4. Measure the arm span when the tip of the
middle finger (excluding fingernail) of the right
hand is kept in contact with the fixed marker
board, while the movable arm is set at the tip
of the middle finger
5. Take two measurements and record to the
nearest 0.1 cm
Percent Body Fat
Can be calculated from one skinfold or sum of 2 or 4
skinfold measurements using Durnin and Womersely
Equation
Procedure:
1. Select and then measure one to four skinfold sites.
If more than one skinfold is used, compute the sum of
the skinfolds.
2. Calculate body density (D) based on the specific
coefficient for sex, age group, and skinfolds
measurement site using the formula:
D (g/cm3) = c-m (logS)
Where D = Density
c = age in specific coefficient*
m = sex-specific coefficient*
S = sum of all skinfold measurements
(mm)
3. Once density is calculated, the Siri (1961) equation
is used to estimate percentage body fat:
|Fat% = [(4.95/D) 4.5] x 100
Where D = density
4.95 and 4.5 are constants
Fat-free Mass
Formula:
= 100 - % Body Fat
OR
= MUACMC MUAC ( x TSK)

Ilagan, J. (2016). Nutrition

Anthropometry. [Class
handout]. Institute of
Human Nutrition and
Food, College of Human
Ecology, University of the
Philippines.

Where MUACMC = Mid upper- arm Muscle

Circumference
MUAC = Mid upper arm Circumference
TSK = Triceps Skinfold Thickness (mm)
Mid-upper-arm Muscle Area (MUAMA)
AMA = (MUAC ( x TSK)2
4
Where :
MUAC = Mid-upper-arm Circumference
TSK = Triceps skinfold thickness (mm)

Ilagan, J. (2016). Nutrition

Anthropometry. [Class
handout]. Institute of
Human Nutrition and
Food, College of Human
Ecology, University of the
Philippines.

Correction of AMA*
cAMA = AMA 6.5 (women), AMA 10.0 (men)
Where:
cAMA = corrected MUAMA
MUAC = mid-upper-arm circumference
TSK = triceps skinfold thickness (cm)
*Correction is due to overestimation by 20-25% in
adults arm muscle area based on axial tomorgraphy
measurements
Total body muscle mass from corrected MUAMA
(cAMA) (Heysfield et al. 1982)
Muscle mass (kg) = Height (cm) x (0.0264 + [0.029 x
cAMA])
References:
MD Mifflin, ST St Jeor, et al. A new predictive equation for resting energy
expenditure in healthy individuals.J Am Diet Assoc 2005:51:241-247. Link
Frankenfield DC, et al. Comparison of Predictive Equations for Resting Metabolic
Rate in Healthy Nonobese and Obese Adults: A Systematic Review. J Am Diet Assoc.
2005;105:775-789. Link
Frankenfield DC, et al. The Harris-Benedict studies of human basal metabolism:
history and limitations. J Am Diet Assoc. 1998;98:439-445.