ID : ca-10-Kangaroo [1]

Grade 10
Kangaroo
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Answer t he quest ions

(1)

If sec + tan = p, simplif y

in terms of .

(2)

Simplif y

(3)

If the sum of the f irst n terms of an arithmetic progression is given by the equation 13n + 4n 2,
then what is the 24 th element of this AP?

(4) Simplif y cos 6 + sin6 + 3 cos 2 sin2

(5)

T he sum of the f irst n even natural numbers is 90. Find the value of n.

Choose correct answer(s) f rom given choice

(6) Faces of a cube are marked with A,B,C,D,E and F. If two views of cube are as shown below,
what will be there on the f ace opposite to f ace C?

a. F

b. A

c. D

d. Cannot be determined

(7) T he sum of f irst 7 terms of an arithmetic progression is 196. T he ratio of term 10th to term 40th
of the AP is 19:79. What is the value of the 80th term of the AP?

(8)

a. 636

b. 644

c. 652

d. 628

A die has numbers 1 to 6, such that sum of opposite f aces are always 7. Which is the correct
view of die ?

a.

b.

c.

d.

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ID : ca-10-Kangaroo [2]

(9) 3(sin4 + cos 4) - 2(sin6 + cos 6 ) = ?

a. sin cos

b. 0

c. 1

d. sin - cos

(10) If sec + tan = y, f ind value of sec in terms of y.

a.

b.

c.

d.

(11) What is the sum of all three-digit numbers that are divisible by 17?
a. 28831

b. 28833

c. 28829

d. 28832

(12) Find the next term of given sequence ..

19, 21, 24, 29, 36, 47, 60, ....
a. 80

b. 72

c. 85

d. 77

(13) Which of f ollowing shows relation between Stationary, Ruler and Eraser.

a.

b.

c.

d.

(14) Find the next term of given sequence ..

5, 21, 85, 341, 1365, ....
a. 5465

b. 5456

c. 5462

d. 5461

(15) 1925 cans are stored in a warehouse in such a manner that there are 224 cans in the bottom
row, 217 cans in the second row, 210 cans in the third row, and so on. How many rows of cans
are there?
a. 8

b. 9

c. 10

d. 12

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ID : ca-10-Kangaroo [3]

Answers
(1)

sin
Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

(2)

0
Step 1
On adding two f ractions
=
Step 2
=
Step 3
=
Step 4
=

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ID : ca-10-Kangaroo [4]

(3)

201
Step 1
For an arithmetic progression with f irst term = a1, and common dif f erence of successive
members = d, sum of f irst n terms is given by,
Sn = (n/2)[2a1 + (n-1)d ]
Step 2
It is given that sum of f irst n terms is 13n + 4n2,
Sn = 13n + 4n2
(n/2)[2a1 + (n-1)d ] = 13n + 4n2
(n/2)[2a1 + nd - d ] = 13n + 4n2
na1 + (d/2)n2 - (d/2)n = 13n + 4n2
(a1 - d/2)n + (d/2)n2 = 13n + 4n2 ...................... (1)
Step 3
On comparing f actors of n2 in Eq. (1)
d/2 = 4
d=8
Step 4
On comparing f actors of n in Eq. (1)
a1 - d/2 = 13
a1 - d/2 = 13
a1 - 4 = 13
a1 = 13 + 4
a1 = 17
Step 5
Now we can f ind 24 th term using standard f ormula f or arithmetic progression,
an = a1 + (n-1) d
a24 = 17 + (24-1) 8
a24 = 17 + 184
a24 = 201

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ID : ca-10-Kangaroo [5]

(4) 1
Step 1
Expression can be rewritten as f ollowing
= (cos 2)3 + (sin2)3 + 3 cos 2 sin2
Step 2
Since x3 + y3 = ( x + y ) ( x2 + y2 - xy)
= (cos 2 + sin2 ) [ (cos 2)2 + (sin2)2 - cos 2 sin2 ] + 3 cos 2 sin2
Step 3
Since cos 2 + sin2 =1 and x2 + y2 = (x+y)2 - 2 xy)
= (cos 2 + sin2 ) [ (cos 2 + sin2)2 - 2 cos 2 sin2 - cos 2 sin2] + 3 cos 2 sin2
= [ 1 - 3 cos 2 sin2 ] + 3 cos 2 sin2
=1

(5)

9
Step 1
2 + 4 + 6 + .... n terms = 90
Step 2
n(2 2 + 2(n - 1))/2 = 90 [Using AP summation Sn = n/2(22 + d(n - 1) )]
Step 3
n2 + n = 90
Step 4
n2 + n - 90 = 0
Step 5
(n - 9) (n + 10) = 0
Step 6
n = 9 or -10. Since n cannot be negative, n = 9

(6) d. Cannot be determined

In the two views no number is common, theref ore relative inf ormation is not known and we
cannot determine opposite f aces with these two views.

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ID : ca-10-Kangaroo [6]

(7) a. 636
Step 1
Sum of the f irst n terms of arithmetic progression,
Sn = (n/2)[2a + (n - 1)d].
nth term of arithmetic progression,
an = a + (n - 1)d].
Step 2
It is given that sum of the f irst 7 terms is 196,
S7 = 196
(7/2)[2a + (7 - 1)d] = 196
(7/2)[2a + 6d] = 196
14a + 42d = 392
1a + 3d = 28 ------(1)
Step 3
Now 10th and 40th terms can be f ound as f ollowing,
a10 = [a + (10 - 1)d] = a + 9d,
a40 = [a + (40 - 1)d] = a + 39d
It is also given that the ratio of term 10th to term 40th of the AP is 19:79,
a + 9d
a + 39d

19
79

79a + 711d = 19a + 741d

79a - 19a = 741d -711d
60a = 30d
a = (1/2) d ------(2)
Step 4
On substiuting value of a f rom equation (1) in equation (2), we get,
d=8
Step 5
Now,
a = (1/2) d
a = (1/2) (8)
a=4
Step 6
Now, the value of the 80th term of the AP,
a8 0 = a + (80 - 1)d
= 4 + 79(8)
= 636

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ID : ca-10-Kangaroo [7]

(8)

c.
Since sum of opposite f aces are 7, f ace marked x should f ace 7-x. Hence x and 7-x cannot
be adjacent f aces. In given f our choices only one view is such that x and 7-x are not
adjacent.
(9) c. 1
Step 1
= 3 (sin4 + cos 4) - 2 [ (sin2)3 + (cos 2)3 } ]
Step 2
= 3 (sin4 + cos 4) - 2 [ (sin2 + cos 2) {(sin2)2 + (cos 2)2 - sin2 cos 2 } ]
Step 3
Since sin2 + cos 2 = 1
=3 (sin4 + cos 4) - 2 {sin4 + cos 4 - sin2 cos 2 }
Step 4
= sin4 + cos 4 + 2 sin2 cos 2
Step 5
= (sin2 + cos 2)2 = 12 = 1

(10) d.
Step 1
We know that sec2 - tan2 = 1
Step 2
(sec + tan) (sec - tan) = 1
Step 3
y (sec - tan) = 1
Step 4
sec - tan = 1/y
Step 5
Now (sec + tan) + (sec - tan) = y + 1/y
Step 6
2 sec = y + 1/y
Step 7
sec = 1/2(y + 1/y)

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ID : ca-10-Kangaroo [8]

(11) d. 28832
Step 1
All numbers which are divisible by 17, f orms an arithmetic progression with dif f erences
between consecutive terms to be 17
Step 2
We know smallest three digit number is 100. On dividing 100 by 17 we get remainder of 15
T heref ore if we if we add remaining (17 - 15 = 2) to 100, resultant number (100 + 2 = 102)
will be f ully divisible by 17
T heref ore f irst number of the arithmetic progression is 102
Step 3
Similarly, largest three digit number is 999. On dividing 999 by 17 we get remainder of 13
T heref ore if we if we subtract 13 f rom 999, resultant number (999 - 13 = 986) will be f ully
divisible by 17
T heref ore last number of the arithmetic progression is 986
Step 4
If there are total N terms in series, Nth term is given by
T N = T 1 + (N-1)d
986 = 102 + (N-1)(17)
17(N - 1) = 986 - 102
17(N - 1) = 884
N - 1 = 884/17
N - 1 = 52
N = 52 + 1
N = 53
Step 5
Now sum of arithmetic progression can be f ound using standard f ormula,
SN = (N/2)[T 1 + (N-1)d]
SN = (53/2)[2102 + (53-1)(17)]
SN = (53/2)[204 + 884]
SN = (53/2)[1088]
SN = 28832

(12) d. 77
Pattern - Add successive prime numbers : 60 + 17 = 77

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ID : ca-10-Kangaroo [9]

(13)
b.
Step 1
We know that Eraser and Ruler are stationary or we can say that both Eraser and Ruler lies
inside the Stationary.
Step 2
T heref ore the correct f igure which shows the relation between Stationary, Eraser and Ruler
is,

(14) d. 5461
Pattern - a*n + b ... a=4, b=1, 1365 * 4 + 1 = 5461

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ID : ca-10-Kangaroo [10]

(15) c. 10
Step 1
Number of cans in f irst row f rom bottom a1 = 224,
Number of cans in second row f rom bottom a2 = 217,
Number of cans in third row f rom bottom a3 = 210,
and so on...
Step 2
We can see that dif f erence in number of cans in successive rows is f ixed,
a2 - a1 = 217 - 224 = -7,
a3 - a2 = 210 - 217 = -7
Since, a2 - a1 = a3 - a2,
theref ore, the series of number of cans in a row are in AP.
Now, a = 224,
d = -7
Step 3
We know that, Sn =

[2a + (n - 1)d] -----(1)

Let's assume, the number of rows to be 'n'.

According to the question, the number of cans in the warehouse = 1925,
T heref ore, Sn = 1925 -----(2).
Step 4
By comparing equation (1) and (2), we get:
1925 =

[2a + (n - 1)d]

2
1925 =

[(2 224) + (n - 1)(-7)]

2
1925 =

[-7n + (455)]

2
3850 = [-7n2 + (455n)]
7n2 - 455n + 3850 = 0
Step 5
T he number of rows in the warehouse can neither be negative nor in f raction, the value of
'n' must be positive integer.
By solving above quadratic equation, we get:
n = 10
Step 6
T heref ore, there are 10 rows of cans in the warehouse.

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