EXERCISE

(a)

Describe briefly the following items with the aid of suitable example.
i.

Kirchhoffs Voltage Law

ii.

Voltage Divider Rule

Figure 1
(b)

2.

Please refer to Figure 1.

i.

Find the currents of IS, I2 and I6.

ii.

Find the voltages of V1 and V5.

iii.

Find the power delivered to the 3 k resistor.

In Figure 2 (a), a battery is connected with seven resistors.

I1

14

I4

I
I3

I2
+
100 V

70

12

80
I5

40

I6
10

Figure 2 (a)
(i)

If the DC circuit in Figure 2 (a) is equivalent to Figure 2 (b), determine the value of
equivalent resistor, Req. Draw the steps of the circuit simplification
4

+
100 V

Req

Figure 2 (b)

(ii)

Write the mathematical relationship between the currents I, I1 and I2 at node A.

(iii)

Explain your answer in (ii) using Kirchhoffs Current Law.

(iv)

Determine the currents I1 and I2 in Figure 2 (a) using current divider method.

(v)

Determine the voltage used by the 14 resistor in Figure 2 (a).

(vi)
(vii)

Determine the dissipated power, P in the 14 resistor in Figure 2 (a).

A 10 V battery is added in the circuit as shown in Figure 2 (c). For the loop or mesh
analysis method, the circuit can be separated into three loops. Draw any two loops.

(viii)

Determine the new current I flowing though the 4 resistor in Figure 2 (c).

I 1

14

I4

I
I 3

I2
+
100 V

70

12

80

10 V

40

Figure 2 (c)

In Figure 3 (a), two batteries are connected

I with the resistors.
I
2

40 V

10 V

120

0.4

0.1

I2

I1

10

Figure 3 (a)
(i)

Write the mathematical relationship between the currents I, I1 and I2 at node B

(ii)

Explain your answer in (i) using Kirchhoffs Current Law.

(iii)

The currents I, I1 and I2 can be solved using loop or mesh analysis method.
Figure 3 (b) shows the two circuit loops. Determine the linear equation in terms of
I1 and I2 for each loop.
I

I1

I2

10 V

40 V
120

120
0.4

0.1

I2

I1

Loop 1

4.

Loop 2

Figure 3 (b)

(iv)

Find the values of I1 and I2 using substitution or determinant method

(v)

Calculate the potential difference between nodes A and B if I = 2 A using Ohms

Law.

(vi)

Calculate the corresponding power dissipated by the 120 resistor.

(a)

Given the sinusoid V(t) = 5 sin(120t).

i.

Determine its effective value, angular frequency, period and frequency.

ii.

Sketch the waveform with x-axis as in radian.

(b)

Given the network of Figure 4 (a).

Figure 4 (a)
i.

Determine the total admittance, YT.

ii.

Find the current, I of the circuit.

iii.

Find the total impedance, ZT of the circuit.

iv.

Sketch the impedance triangle for ZT.

Answers

14

12
+
100 V

70

80

1
1

12

80

1
16

14

+
100 V

14 16

70

16

30

30

1
1

70 30
1

21.0084

+
100 V

70

+
100 V

R = 21

ii)
I= I1 + I2

iii)
The sum of current, I1 and I2 entering node B is equal to the sum of current, I leaving the node.
iv)
I

V
R 4

100V
25
4A

70
4 A
70 30
2.8 A

I1

30
I2
4 A
70 30
1.2 A

v)

V IR
I1 14

2.8 A 14
39.2 V

vi)
P I12 R
2.8 A 14
2

109.76 W
vii)
4

I1

14

I
+
100 V

70

I3

I2

I2
70

80

10 V

+
-

viii)
I I1 I 2
I1 I 3 I 4

Loop 1

100 V I 4 I 2 70

I1 4 I 2 4 I 2 70

I1 4 I 2 74
Loop 2

10 V I1 14 I 2 70 I 3 80

I 3 14 I 4 14 I 2 70 I 3 80

I 4 14 I 2 70 I 3 94
I1 14 I 3 80 I 3 70

Loop 3

10 V I 3 80 I 4 20

I 3 100 I1 20

Solve the three linear equations

I1 2.7408 A
I 2 1.2032 A
I 3 0.4482 A

I I1 I 2
3.944A

I1 I 2 I
The sum of current, I1 and I2 entering node B is equal to the sum of current, I leaving the node.
For loop 1, the linear equation is

120 I 0.4 I 2 40 V

For loop 2, the linear equation is

(1)

120 I 0.1I1 10 V

We know that

I1 I 2 I

(3)

Substitute (3) into (1) and (2), thus

120.1 I1 120 I 2 10V

120 I1 120.4 I 2 40 V

(2)

Solve the two linear equations by using determinant method.

det Z

120.1 120
120 120.4

det Z1

14460 14400
60

10 120
40 120.4

1204 4800
3596

det Z 2

120.1 10
120 40

4804 1200
3604

Finally, we will obtain (2 marks)

I1

det Z1 3596

59.93A
det Z
60

VAB IR

2A 120

240 V
Ploss I 2 R
2 A 120
2

480 W

I2

det Z1 3604

60.067 A
det Z
60