Exercise 02-02: 8051 Assembly Language

QUESTION 22
The program in listing 6-1 clears the content in
internal data memory location 25H to32H. Modify
the program to populate the content in location 25H
to 32H as shown in figure 6-1. Your solution should
demonstrate efficiency in programming.

M1:
HG:

MOV R0,#25H
CLR A
MOV @R0,A
INC R0
CJNE R0,#33H,M1
SJMP HG
Listing 6-1

32H
31H
30H
2FH
2EH
2DH
2CH
2BH
2AH
29H
28H
27H
26H
25H

0DH
0CH
0BH
0AH
09H
08H
07H
06H
05H
04H
03H
02H
01H
00H

19H
18H

2DH
20H

02H
01H
00H
Figure

12H
0DH
25H
6-1

QUESTION 23
Find out the results of the operation shown in the table below.
Instruction

Result

MOV A, #0F5H
ORL A,#0FH
ANL A,#0FH
SWAP A

QUESTION 24
Determine the contents of the destination operands and flags after executing the following
instructions.

Instruction
MOV A,#0E5H
SUBB A,#16H
SUBB A,#2BH

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After executing the instructions

Destination operand
CY
AC
(A) =
0
0
(A) =
(A) =

OV
0

Exercise 02-02: 8051 Assembly Language

QUESTION 25
Determine the changes in the internal data
memory after executing the following
instructions in sequence.

INC
INC
INC
INC

48H
47H
46H
45H

13H
3FH
F5H
51H

02H
12H
01H
62H
00H
45H
Figure 2-1: Internal Data
Memory

@R0
R0
@R0
R0

QUESTION 26
Find out the results of the operation shown in the table below.
Instruction

Result

MOV 12H, #78H

CLR A
MOV R1,#12H
ADD A,@R1
MOV 12H,A
INC R1
MOV @R1,A
QUESTION 27
With reference to the assembly listing,
show how the machine codes of the
program fill up the program memory space
up to code memory location C:005CH.

0000
ORG 0000H
0000 020050
LJMP MAIN
0050
ORG 0050H
0050
MAIN:
0050 7581A0 MOV SP,#0AH
0053 900050
MOV DPTR,#0050H
0056 7410
MOV A,#10H
0058 93
MOVC A,@A+DPTR
0059 23
RL A
005A 12005F LCALL WAIT
005D 80F1
SJMP MAIN
005F 7EF0
WAIT: MOV R6,#0F0H
0061 7F10
D1:
MOV R7,#010H
0063 DFFE
D2:
DJNZ R7,D2
0065 DEFA
DJNZ R6,D1
0067 22
RET
END

What is the size of the program?

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Exercise 02-02: 8051 Assembly Language

QUESTION 28
The figure shows some of the contents in
the 8051 Internal Data Memory. Which
memory location is affected by the
following instruction:

48H
47H
46H
45H

13H
3FH
F5H
51H

SETB 1FH
23H
12H
22H
62H
21H
5AH
Internal Data
Memory

What is the new content?

(You may need reference to the internal data

memory map. This information is provided
during your test or exam )
QUESTION 29
The content of some of the location of the
Internal Data Memory is shown below.
How are the contents affected when the
following program is executed:

7FH
7EH

MAIN: JB 1EH,M1
MOV 20H,#28H
M1:
SETB 05H

23H
22H
21H
20H
18H

23H
47H
22H
12H
21H
62H
20H
8AH
Internal Data Memory

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10H
08H
00H

1FH
17H
0FH
07H

1EH
16H
0EH
06H

1DH
15H
0DH
05H

1CH
14H
0CH
04H

1BH
13H
0BH
03H

1AH
12H
0AH
02H

Bank 3
Bank 2
Bank 1
Bank 0

Internal Data Memory Map

19H
11H
09H
01H

18H
10H
08H
00H

Exercise 02-02: 8051 Assembly Language

QUESTION 30
What are the changes in the internal data memory after executing the program showed?

CSEG AT 00H
LJMP MAIN
CSEG AT 0100H
MAIN: MOV DPTR,#0100H
MOV R1,#0H
MOV R0,#20H
M1:
MOV A,R1
MOVC A,@A+DPTR
MOV @R0,A
INC R0
INC R1
CJNE A,#E9H,M1
HANG: SJMP HANG

020100
900100
7900
7820
E9
93
F6
08
09
B4E9F8
80FE

28H
27H
26H
25H
24H
23H
22H
21H
20H

30H
7EH
F6H
13H
20H
1EH
1FH
05H
43H

02H
01H
00H

12H
62H
45H

Internal Data Memory

QUESTION 31
The contents in the program and data
memory are shown below. For the given
program, update the changes in the
memory after execution.

G1:

HG:

0033H
0032H
0031H
0030H

1EH
1FH
05H
43H

48H
47H
46H
45H

13H
3FH
F5H
51H

0002H
0001H
0000H

12H
62H
45H

02H
01H
00H

12H
62H
45H

Internal Program
Memory

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MOV DPTR,#0030H
MOV R0,#45H
CLR A
PUSH A
MOVC A,@A+DPTR
MOV @R0,A
INC R0
POP A
INC A
CJNE A,#4H,G1
SJMP HG

Internal Data Memory

Exercise 02-02: 8051 Assembly Language

QUESTION 32
Fill in the expected results after executing each of the instruction in sequence.
Instruction
MOV A,#45H
SETB C
RRC A
MOV B,#10D
DIV AB
ANL A,#0FH
DEC A
MOV 40H,#10H
MOV R0,#40H
ADD A,@R0
MOV @R0,A

Results

QUESTION 33
The figure 4-1 shows the content in some location
of the 8051 Internal Data Memory.
Show the changes in the contents after executing
the program shown in listing 4-1.
MAIN: MOV R0,#20H
MOV R7,#0AH
M1:
MOV A,@R0
XRL A,#0FFH
MOV @R0,A
INC R0
DJNZ R7,M1
HANG:SJMP HANG
Listing 4-1

2DH
2CH
2BH
2AH
29H
28H
27H
26H
25H
24H
23H
22H
21H
20H

13H
3FH
F5H
51H
F6H
44H
12H
62H
5AH
4FH
13H
33H
6FH
12H

Figure 4-1
QUESTION 34
a) Determine the addressing modes of the destination operand in the following
instructions:

(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)

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MOV
MOV
MOV
MOV

Instruction
77H,A
21H,#45H
@R1,45H
R7,#7EH

Addressing Mode

Exercise 02-02: 8051 Assembly Language

b)

Determine the contents of the destination operands and flags after executing
the following instructions.

Instruction
MOV A,#0A5H
SUBB A,#0A6H
ADDC A,#02H

After executing the instructions

Destination operand
CY
AC
(A) =
0
0
(A) =
(A) =

OV
0

QUESTION 35
Write an 8051 assembly language program to fulfill the following requirements:
Compare the contents in internal memory location (D:50H) and (D:51H), and move the
larger number to internal data location (D:61H) and the smaller number to (D:60H).
QUESTION 36
Write an 8051 assembly language program to add all the contents in internal data
memory from (D:50H) to (D:60H) and store the results in internal data memory (D:70H).
QUESTION 37
Write an 8051 assembly language program to divide the number in internal data memory
at (D:40H) by the content in (D:41H) and store the Quotient of the result in (D:42H) and
remainder in (D:43H).

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Exercise 02-02: 8051 Assembly Language

QUESTION 38
The content in the internal data memory is shown. Indicate the changes in the content
after the following sequence of instructions are executed.

CLR RS0
CLR RS1
MOV R0,#30H
SETB RS0
MOV R0,#13H
SETB RS1
CLR RS0
MOV R1,00H

PSW

CY
0

AC
0

F0
0

RS1
0

RS0
0

OV
0

13H
12H
11H
10H

30H
7EH
F6H
13H

09H
08H

05H
43H

02H
01H
00H

12H
62H
45H

Internal Data Memory

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P
0

Exercise 02-02: 8051 Assembly Language

SOLUTION 22

M1:

HG:

MOV R0,#25H
CLR A
MOV @R0,A
INC R0
INC A
CJNE R0,#33H,M1
SJMP HG

SOLUTION 23
Instruction

Result

MOV A, #0F5H
ORL A,#0FH
ANL A,#0FH
SWAP A

(A) = F5H
(A) = FFH
(A) = 0FH
(A) = F0H

SOLUTION 24

Instruction
MOV A,#0E5H
SUBB A,#16H
SUBB A,#2BH

After executing the instructions

Destination operand
CY
AC
(A) = E5H
0
0
(A) = CFH
0
1
(A) = A4H
0
0

OV
0
0
0

SOLUTION 25

Where is R0? By default, R0 is located in direct

address 00H. Therefore (R0) = 45H.
INC @R0 causes the content in memory location
45H to be incremented from 51H to 52H.
INC R0 causes (R0) = 46H.
The next INC @R0 causes the content in memory
location 46H to be incremented from F5H to F6H.
INC R0 causes (R0) = 47H.
SOLUTION 26
Instruction

Result

MOV 12H, #78H

CLR A
MOV R1,#12H
ADD A,@R1
MOV 12H,A
INC R1
MOV @R1,A

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(D:12H) = 78H
(A) = 0
(R1) = 12H
(A) = 78H
(D:12H) = 78H
(R1) = 13H
(D:13H) = 78H

48H
47H
46H
45H

13H
3FH
F5H F6H
51H 52H

02H
01H
00H

12H
62H
45H 47H

Exercise 02-02: 8051 Assembly Language

SOLUTION 27

005CH
005BH
005AH
0059H
0058H
0057H
0056H
0055H
0054H
0053H
0052H
0051H
0050H

00H
12H
0BH
23H
93H
10H
74H
50H
00H
90H
A0H
81H
75H

0002H
0001H
0000H

50H
00H
02H

Code Memory

The program is 27 bytes.

SOLUTION 28

(D:23H) changed to 92H.

SOLUTION 29

Explanation:
23H
22H
21H
20H

47H
12H
62H
8AH AAH

The JB 1EH,M1 instruction checks for the status of bit location

1EH and jump if it is zero. Bit location 1EH is part of the byte
data at byte location 23H. Data in location 23H is 47H or
01001111 in binary. The bit data at location 1EH (indicated by
the underscore) is 1. Therefore, the instruction causes a jump to
M1and skipped the instruction MOV 20H,#28H.
The SETB 05H changes the data in byte location AAH.

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Exercise 02-02: 8051 Assembly Language

SOLUTION 30

Internal data memory location D:00H and D:01H

represents R0 and R1 respectively.
Code from location starting at 0100H is copied to
the internal data memory until the code E9H is
encountered.

28H
27H
26H
25H
24H
23H
22H
21H
20H

30H
7EH E9H
F6H 20H
13H 78H
20H 00H
1EH 79H
1FH 00H
05H 01H
43H 90H

02H
01H
00H

12H
62H 08H
45H 27H

Internal Data Memory

SOLUTION 31

There is no change in the program memory. Internal data memory location D:00H is R0.
1EH
1FH
05H
43H

48H
47H
46H
45H

13H
3FH
F5H
51H

02H
01H
00H

12H
62H
45H 49H

Internal Data Memory

SOLUTION 32
Instruction
MOV A,#45H
SETB C
RRC A
MOV B,#10D
DIV AB
ANL A,#0FH
DEC A
MOV 40H,#10H
MOV R0,#40H
ADD A,@R0
MOV @R0,A

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Results

(A) = 45H
(C) = 1
(A) = A2H
(B) = 0AH
(A) = 10H (B) = 02H
(A) = 0H
(A) = FFH
(D:40H) = 10H
(R0) = 40H
(A) =0FH
(D:40H) = 0FH

10

Exercise 02-02: 8051 Assembly Language

SOLUTION 33

The program simply take the value pointed

by the R0 register and compliment its bits
,and then stored back in the same location.
R0 is then incremented to point to the next
location and the operation is repeated. This
goes round for 10 times as controlled by the
R7 register.

2DH
2CH
2BH
2AH
29H
28H
27H
26H
25H
24H
23H
22H
21H
20H

13H
3FH
F5H
51H
F6H
44H
12H
62H
5AH
4FH
13H
33H
6FH
12H

09H
BBH
EDH
9DH
A5H
B0H
ECH
CCH
90H
EDH

SOLUTION 34

(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)

Instruction
MOV A,#0A5H
SUBB A,#0A6H
ADDC A,#02H

MOV
MOV
MOV
MOV

Instruction
77H,A
21H,#45H
@R1,45H
R7,#7EH

Addressing Mode
Direct
Direct
Register Indirect
Register

After executing the instructions

Destination operand
CY
AC
(A) = A5H
0
0
(A) = FFH
1
1
(A) = 02H
1
1

OV
0
0
0

SOLUTION 35
Notes: The SUBB (subtraction) instruction can be used to determine the smaller or larger
number between two numbers by observing the carry (or borrow) flag. If a smaller
number is subtracted by a larger number, the carry (or borrow) flag will be set. The JC
(Jump if Carry is Set) instruction can then be used to decide the course of action after
determining which number is smaller or larger.

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11

Exercise 02-02: 8051 Assembly Language

ORG 0000H
LJMP MAIN
ORG 0100H
MAIN: CLR C
MOV A,50H
SUBB A,51H

;
;
;
;

Logic: Subtract (D:50H) by (D:51H).

If (D:50H) is smaller, then the Carry
Flag will be set indicating
a borrow is necessary.

JC ABC

; Jump if (D:50H) is smaller.

MOV 60H,51H
MOV 61H,50H
SJMP HANG

; (D:51H) contains the smaller number.

ABC: MOV 60H,50H

MOV 61H,51H

; (D:50H) contains the smaller number.

HANG: SJMP HANG

SOLUTION 36

ORG 0000H
LJMP MAIN
ORG 0200H
MAIN: MOV R1,#50H
CLR C
CLR A
M1:
ADD A,@R1
INC R1
CJNE R1,#61H,M1
MOV 70H,A
HANG: SJMP HANG
SOLUTION 37

ORG 0000H
LJMP MAIN
ORG 0090H
MAIN: MOV A,40H
MOV B,41H
DIV AB
MOV 42H,A
MOV 43H,B
HANG: SJMP HANG

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Exercise 02-02: 8051 Assembly Language

SOLUTION 38

13H
12H
11H
10H

30H
7EH
F6H
13H 30H

09H
08H

05H
43H 13H

02H
01H
00H

12H
62H
45H 30H

Internal Data Memory

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13