Professional Documents
Culture Documents
VictoriaCombo
TrendCommunications
User Guide
Copyright
Victoria Combo
User Guide. Document No. 218800 issue 8 06/07
June 2007
No part of this document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system,
or transmitted in any form or by any means - electronic, mechanical,
photocopying, recording or otherwise - without the prior written
permission of Trend Communications. The registered trademarks
mentioned in this manual are property of their respective owners.
Copyright 2007 by Trend Communications
Pujades 60, 08005 Barcelona, Spain
After-Sales Service
For the after-sales service or for any question about the product delivered,
do not hesitate to contact your local supplier. To communicate your
suggestions about the tester or the User Guide, contact directly to:
Trend Communications, S.L.
Pujades, 60
08005 Barcelona, Spain
Tel.: + 34 93 300 33 13
Fax: + 34 93 309 23 85
E-mail: customer.support@trendcomms.com
http://www.trendcomms.com
Issue 8 - 06/07
ii
218800
Contents
Chapter 1
Introduction
Preliminary Checking ......................................................................................... 1-1
Important Note................................................................................................... 1-2
Basic Information ................................................................................................ 1-2
The Application Modules .................................................................................. 1-3
The Front Module ............................................................................................. 1-4
The Rear Module ............................................................................................... 1-6
Adding and Removing Modules ....................................................................... 1-6
Removing the Catches.......................................................................... 1-7
Adding Modules...................................................................................... 1-8
Removing Modules ................................................................................ 1-9
Removing the Optical Sub-Modules .................................................. 1-9
Switching Victoria Combo On and Off ........................................................ 1-10
Switching Victoria Combo On............................................................ 1-10
Sleep Mode.............................................................................................. 1-10
Switching Victoria Combo Off............................................................ 1-11
Batteries ................................................................................................................ 1-11
Using Battery Power ............................................................................. 1-11
Removing the Batteries ........................................................................ 1-11
Fitting the Batteries ............................................................................... 1-12
Battery Charge Indicator ..................................................................... 1-12
Charging the Batteries .......................................................................... 1-13
Shoulder Strap ..................................................................................................... 1-13
Safety Information ............................................................................................. 1-14
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Issue 8 - 06/07
iii
Contents
Making Measurements ......................................................................................3-12
Using the Auto Measurement Timer.................................................3-12
Setting up a Measurement Macro.......................................................3-13
Setting Objectives ..............................................................................................3-14
G.826 Objectives.................................................................................................3-15
G.828 Objectives.................................................................................................3-15
G.829 Settings......................................................................................................3-15
M.2101 Objectives ..............................................................................................3-16
Displaying Instant Results ..................................................................................3-16
LEDs ..........................................................................................................3-16
Measuring Optical Power .....................................................................3-17
Measuring Signal Frequency .................................................................3-18
Displaying Overhead Bytes ..................................................................3-19
Displaying Pointer Values......................................................................3-22
Displaying Path Trace Message Results .............................................3-22
Timed Results ......................................................................................................3-23
Alarm Results..........................................................................................3-24
Error Results ...........................................................................................3-24
Pointer Event Results ............................................................................3-25
FEC Results..............................................................................................3-25
G.826 Results ..........................................................................................3-25
G.828 Results ..........................................................................................3-25
G.829 Results ..........................................................................................3-26
M.2101 Results........................................................................................3-26
M.2110 ......................................................................................................3-26
M.2120 ......................................................................................................3-27
Performing Functions .........................................................................................3-27
Autoconfiguration ..................................................................................3-27
Scanning Tributaries...............................................................................3-28
Automatic Protection Switching.........................................................3-29
Measuring Round Trip Delay ...............................................................3-29
Performing an Overhead BER Test ....................................................3-30
Chapter 4
iv
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Contents
Measurements...................................................................................................... 4-14
Using the Auto Measurement Timer ................................................ 4-14
Setting up a Measurement Macro Setup........................................... 4-14
Setting Objectives .............................................................................................. 4-15
G.821 Objectives ................................................................................... 4-16
M.2100 Objectives................................................................................. 4-16
Displaying Instant Results ................................................................................ 4-17
LEDs.......................................................................................................... 4-17
Measuring Optical Power..................................................................... 4-18
Measuring Signal Frequency................................................................. 4-18
Displaying Overhead Bytes .................................................................. 4-18
Displaying Path Trace Messages ......................................................... 4-20
Signalling Results .................................................................................... 4-20
Pointer Values......................................................................................... 4-21
Timed Results ..................................................................................................... 4-22
Alarm Results.......................................................................................... 4-23
Error Results........................................................................................... 4-23
Pointer Event Results ............................................................................ 4-23
G.821 Results.......................................................................................... 4-24
M.2100 Results ....................................................................................... 4-24
M.2110...................................................................................................... 4-25
M.2120...................................................................................................... 4-26
Other Results ......................................................................................... 4-26
Performing Functions ......................................................................................... 4-26
Autoconfiguration.................................................................................. 4-27
Scanning Tributaries............................................................................... 4-27
Automatic Protection Switching......................................................... 4-28
Measuring Round Trip Delay ............................................................... 4-28
Performing an Overhead BER Test .................................................... 4-28
Chapter 5
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Contents
Setting Up the Module - Receiver Setup .......................................................5-22
Choosing the Physical Settings............................................................5-22
Setting up PDH and T-Carrier.............................................................5-23
Setting Up the VCAT ............................................................................5-23
Setting Up the LCAS .............................................................................5-25
Setting Up the GFP ................................................................................5-25
Choosing the Rx Ethernet Settings....................................................5-26
Inserting Events ..................................................................................................5-28
Alarm Insertion.......................................................................................5-28
Error Insertion........................................................................................5-29
Inserting Pointer Sequences ................................................................5-30
Inserting ITU-T G.783 Pointer Sequences .......................................5-30
Measurements......................................................................................................5-30
Using the Auto Measurement Timer.................................................5-30
Setting up a Macro Measurement.......................................................5-30
Displaying Instant Results ..................................................................................5-30
LEDs ..........................................................................................................5-31
Measuring Optical Power.....................................................................5-34
Measuring Signal Frequency .................................................................5-34
Pointer Values .........................................................................................5-34
Ethernet Flow Filtered ..........................................................................5-35
Rx Bandwidth..........................................................................................5-37
Timed Results .....................................................................................................5-38
Physical Error Results ...........................................................................5-40
Pointer Event Results ............................................................................5-41
LCAS Event Summary ...........................................................................5-42
GFP Events Results ................................................................................5-43
VCAT Alarms and Delay ......................................................................5-44
Ethernet Error Results..........................................................................5-45
Performance Results..............................................................................5-46
Functions...............................................................................................................5-46
GFP Autodetection................................................................................5-46
RFC 2544 .................................................................................................5-47
Automatic Protection Switching.........................................................5-48
Round Trip Delay ...................................................................................5-48
Chapter 6
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Contents
Wander Generation and Analysis ................................................................... 6-11
Output Wander Measurement........................................................... 6-11
Wander Generation .............................................................................. 6-13
Wander Alarms and LEDs ................................................................... 6-15
Wander Modulation Output ............................................................... 6-15
Jitter/Wander Functions.................................................................................... 6-15
Jitter/Wander Tolerance...................................................................... 6-16
Jitter/Wander Transfer.......................................................................... 6-18
MTIE/TDEV ............................................................................................. 6-20
MTIE and TDEV-Based Wander Tolerance Measurement............ 6-22
Chapter 7
Tracing Events
Introduction ......................................................................................................... 7-1
Displaying the Trace Viewer ............................................................................. 7-1
Choosing the Events you want to Trace ....................................................... 7-1
The Trace Viewer Window .............................................................................. 7-2
Arrangement and Functions ............................................................................. 7-3
Real-time histogram ........................................................................................... 7-6
Real-time event log............................................................................................. 7-6
Chapter 8
Generating a Report
Creating a Results File ....................................................................................... 8-1
Creating a Report File ...................................................................................... 8-2
Chapter 9
Using Files
The File Manager Windows.............................................................................. 9-1
Working with Files.............................................................................................. 9-2
Changing the Properties of a File....................................................... 9-2
Deleting Files........................................................................................... 9-2
Protecting Files ....................................................................................... 9-3
Moving Files to another Location ...................................................... 9-3
Copying Files to another Location..................................................... 9-3
Printing a File........................................................................................... 9-4
Viewing a File .......................................................................................... 9-4
Loading a File .......................................................................................... 9-4
Transferring Files from Victoria Combo to a Computer............. 9-5
Transferring Files from Victoria Combo to a Computer using a
Compact Flash Device .......................................................................... 9-6
Chapter 10
Chapter 11
General Timing
Controlling Multiple Modules and Displaying LEDs
Introduction to Victoria Combo Modules .................................................... 11-1
Global Start & Autostart...................................................................... 11-1
Global Action.......................................................................................... 11-3
Global LEDs ............................................................................................ 11-3
Saving the Configuration of a Module ............................................................ 11-4
Saving the Configuration of the Whole Tester ............................................ 11-4
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vii
Contents
Chapter 12
Chapter 13
Chapter 14
Support
viii
218800
Introduction
1.1
Preliminary Checking
Welcome to Victoria Combo. When you receive your tester, please make
sure that the following items are included in the carrying bag:
CD-ROM
AC/DC adapter
Side compartment
(AC/DC adapter and
mains cord)
Front compartment
(CD-ROM)
Figure
1.1
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1-1
1.2
Introduction
Important Note
Important Note
This User Guide is intended for use with several models of Victoria Combo.
Some of these models are modular - that is, different application modules
that you can fit to and remove from the tester. This gives you a very
flexible tester that can easily be added to.
Other models of Victoria Combo can test a particular transmission
technology, for example 2.5 Gbit/s (STM-16/OC-48), but you cannot add
or remove modules without upgrading the tester. To do this you must
contact Trend Communications or one of our distributors.
The operation of the two types of tester is almost identical apart from the
ability to add and remove modules. Some parts of this User Guide will not
be applicable if your Victoria Combo is not modular, particularly Adding
and Removing Modules on page 1-6.
To find out whether your Victoria Combo is modular, look at the code
number on the tester. If your tester has a number starting in CMB, it is not
modular.
1.3
Basic Information
Victoria Combo is a tester that is based on a modular platform; it is
capable of performing a wide range of tests on networks. All Victoria
Combos are based on one platform, and the range of tests available
depends on the modules purchased by your organisation.
The tester is designed to be fully portable, so it can be battery-powered
or powered from the mains electricity supply. The platform consists of a
mainframe or Front Module housing several Application Modules and a Rear
Module connected to the rear of the Application Modules.
1-2
218800
Introduction
The Application Modules
Rear module
Front module
Application modules
Figure
1.4
1.2
2.5G Module: This module enables generation and analysis of traffic from
1.5 up to 2.5 Gbit/s in PDH/TCAR and SDH/SONET. Both electrical and
optical interfaces are available.
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Jitter/Wander Module: With this module you can test SDH/SONET and
PDH networks at bit rates up to STM-16.
1-3
Introduction
The Front Module
1.5
2
8
Figure
1.3
to the mains
1-4
218800
Introduction
The Front Module
Figure
3
1.4
11
10
Reset
10
PW: Power
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1-5
Introduction
The Rear Module
1.6
1.7
Front module
Rear module
Catches
Folding leg
Figure
1.5
1-6
218800
Introduction
Adding and Removing Modules
1.7.1
Figure
1.6
Step 2
Figure
1.7
Step 3
4. Push down the catch and twist it towards you so that it disengages from
the lugs.
The catches may be quite difficult to remove. This ensures that there are
good connections between the modules.
5. Repeat this for all the four catches.
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1-7
Introduction
Adding and Removing Modules
Figure
1.7.2
1.8
Step 4
Adding Modules
1. Remove the catches (see Removing the Catches on page 1-7).
2. Add the module you want to add, making sure that the connectors
between the modules are connected properly.
3. As you re-fit the modules, also re-fit the catches.
4. Push the modules firmly together to make sure that there is a good
connection between the modules.
1-8
218800
Introduction
Adding and Removing Modules
1.7.3
Removing Modules
1. Remove the catches (see Removing the Catches on page 1-7).
2. Lift the module you want to remove off the tester.
3. If necessary,re-fit the modules you want to retain.
4. Re-fit the catches as you re-fit the modules.
5. Push the modules firmly together to make sure that there is a good
connection between the modules.
1.7.4
Figure
1.9
Issue 8 - 06/07
1-9
Introduction
Switching Victoria Combo On and Off
1.8
Switched on
Switched off
You cannot put Victoria Combo into sleep mode or switch it off when a
measurement is being performed. If you try to do this, a buzzer will sound
to remind you that measurements are active.
The following sections explain how to change Victoria Combo from one
state to another.
1.8.1
1.8.2
Sleep Mode
This mode has two advantages:
Battery life is extended. In this mode, the screen and other power
consuming internal devices are switched off.
All the settings of the current configuration are stored in the internal
memory. When you press the ON/OFF button again, the tester returns
to the switched-on state quickly, avoiding the re-booting process.
To put Victoria Combo into sleep mode:
Press the ON/OFF button briefly (for approximately 1 second).
The ON LED flashes on and off.
To wake Victoria Combo from sleep mode:
Press the ON/OFF button briefly again.
Victoria Combo wakes up and the ON LED flashes is green.
1-10
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Introduction
Batteries
1.8.3
1.9
Batteries
1.9.1
1.9.2
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1-11
Introduction
Batteries
4. If you want to remove the battery pack from the additional battery
compartment, press the cover gently towards the tester and slide the
cover towards the top of the tester.
5. Remove the connector that connects the battery to the Victoria Combo.
Press the tab on the side of the connector inwards to release the catch.
6. Pull the battery pack out of the compartment.
1.9.3
1.9.4
1-12
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Introduction
Shoulder Strap
1.9.5
1.10
Shoulder Strap
The shoulder strap supplied with the Victoria Combo bag can be
transferred to the rings on the tester. This makes it easier for you to carry
the tester. You can adjust he length of the strap.
Figure
1.10
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1-13
Introduction
Safety Information
1.11
Safety Information
When using Victoria Combo, always take basic safety
precautions to reduce the risk of fire, electric shock and
injury to persons. These include the following:
Victoria Combo does not require any user maintenance. Do not open
the back of the tester or attempt to dismantle it. Call your Trend
Communications distributor.
Victoria Combo has been tested and approved using the adaptor/
charger with which it is supplied. Using any alternative adaptor/charger
will invalidate the approvals relating to safety and electromagnetic
compatibility.
1-14
218800
For information on
Global Start Test,
Global Insertion,
Global LED
see page 10-1
Display Module
Home screen
Results &
Reports
Figure
2.1
Issue 8 - 06/07
LED settings
Automatic start
and duration
2-1
1. Touch
2. If you want to reopen the Home screen, touch the main menu button
, and then choose Home.
OR
.
Touch
Work area
Icons
Action
Print
Screen
Main menu
Window
organizer
Open/Close all
windows
Keyboard
Figure
2-2
2.2
Home
sScreen
Elapsed
time
Start/
Stop
OR
LED
LTI
LED
Battery
level
218800
2.1
The Desktop
The Victoria Combo desktop has two different areas: the work area and
the taskbar located at the bottom of the desktop.
The Work area is the area where the different screens (Settings, Results
etc.) are displayed. Icons can be added here from the general navigation
tree to simplify the access to some available options.
The bar located at the bottom of the desktop includes the following
options:
Issue 8 - 06/07
Start/Stop button
Action button
: enables you to insert events, for example errors,
alarms and pointer events.
Keyboard
: when you touch this, an alphanumeric keyboard is
displayed. This enables you to enter alphanumeric information.
(See Entering Alphanumeric Information on page 2-8)
Print Screen
: this button enables you to create a .jpg image of the
current screen. This file is automatically saved on Victoria Combo, and it
can be transferred to a PC using a LAN or wireless connection.
Home
Iconize All: creates icons from all the currently opened windows on the
desktop.
Close All: closes all the windows that are open on the desktop (without
creating icons)
The OR LED
indicates if there is an impairment (alarm or error)
being detected by the tester. It is generated from an OR function of the
total of alarms and errors in the module specified, see Global LEDs on
page 11-3.
2-3
The area next to the action buttons is the Icon Bar area, and it displays
general information, such as:
2.2
Battery Icon
Network Icon
: indicates when the tester is connected to a
network (LAN, Internet) via IP. The screens of the PCs in the icon flash
when the tester is connected to a network and interchanging IP packets.
Plug-in Icon
: gives information about the connection of the
tester to an external power supply. This icon disappears when Victoria
Combo is working with batteries.
2.2.1
2-4
218800
Figure
2.3
Each menu displays a submenu associated with the main menu options. All
the options are described in detail in the following chapters.
Issue 8 - 06/07
2-5
2.2.2
2. Choose the menu item you want to open the window for.
You may have to navigate through several menus to reach the item you
want.
3. Choose Open.
The window you have chosen opens on the desktop.
Victoria Combo can display several windows at the same time. You can
change the position of some windows so that the information can be
displayed in the way that best suits you. Each window has a title bar at the
top where you can reduce the window to an icon and/or close the
window.
Figure
2.4
2-6
218800
2.2.3
Moving icons
1. Touch the icon you want to move.
2. While still keeping the pointer in contact with the touch-screen, drag the
icon to where you want it.
2.2.4
Issue 8 - 06/07
2-7
NOTE: When the pointer is used for navigation, the equivalent to rightclicking the mouse is touching the icon for approximately 5 seconds (until
the pop-up menu associated with the icon is displayed).
Icons in the work area
When you have placed icons on Victoria Combos desktop, the different
types of applications are indicated by different icons. The icon is also
displayed in the title bar of the window when the application window is
open. The different icons are the following:
Setup
Insertion
Timed Results
Measurement
Instant Results
Functions
Platform
2.3
2-8
218800
5. To remove the keyboard from the screen, touch the Keyboard button
again.
Keyboard
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2-9
2-10
218800
3.1
Introduction
The STM-64/OC-192 module enables you to perform a wide range of
measurements on SDH and SONET networks at bit rates up to 10 Gbit/s.
When a module is added to Victoria Combo, a new item is added at the
top part of the main menu. When you touch this menu item, several new
menu items are displayed:
Issue 8 - 06/07
Save Configuration
Configuration: to set up both the transmitter and the receiver for a test
(see Setting up the Transmitter and Receiver on page 3-3).
Insertion of errors, alarms and pointer events into the bit stream being
transmitted. See Inserting Events on page 3-8.
3-1
3.2
LEDs
Tx
Rx
Interface:
STM-16
STM-16
Type:
1310 nm
1310 nm
Mapping:
AU-3/ C-12
AU4/ C-12
Setup
Xxxxxx
XXXX
Xxxxxx
XXXX
Summary
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
History
Pattern:
PRBS23, ITU
Tx-Rx Coupled
XXXX
XXXX
Xxxxxx
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
Xxxxxx
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
Xxxxxx
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
Xxxxxx
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
Xxxxxx
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
Freq. Offset:
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
Xxxxxx
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
Xxxxxx
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
Xxxxxx
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
OK
Settings & Details
Test status
Figure
3.1
Rx
Tx
SDH
Frequency:
Start/stop test
2,488,320,000 Hz
-50
ppm
Errors:
65
Secs.
Alarms:
45
Secs.
AU Ptr:
340
TU Ptr:
550
Overhead
Error Detail
Alarm Detail
Pointers
Scan
RTD
APS
Insertion
Event type: B2 Error
Mode: Burst 100
Error
Timed Test
Autoconfig.
Results
Xxxxxx
Measuring...
PRBS23, ITU
DUT
PDH
XXXX
SDH
XXXX
PDH
XXXX
Generator Analyser
Xxxxxx
Alarm
Test results
Insert event
3-2
218800
3.3
3.3.1
5. Set the specific Mapping structure that is applicable for the network that
you want to test.
6. Set up the tributary that contains the test pattern (Tributaries under Test)
from the list boxes. Note that criteria for numbering tributaries are Time
Slot-TS (according to ITU-T G.707).
See Tributary Numbering on page A2-1.
7. Choose the Test pattern you want to use.
You can select a Pseudo-Random Binary Sequence (PRBS) or word
pattern. The pattern can be defined as a PRBS (inverted or non inverted),
a binary Fixed Word or a user-programmed word (16-bit word to be
programmed in Hexadecimal code). If you want to perform a Bit Error
Rate (BER) test on the OH bytes, choose the test pattern from the Test
on OH Byte list.
8. If you want to perform Tandem Connection Monitoring (TCM), touch
TCM N1.
Only choose this if the network under test uses this feature. Make sure
that the checkbox is not ticked if the network does not support TCM.
Issue 8 - 06/07
3-3
Figure
3-4
3.2
Transmitter Setup
218800
OH Bytes: displays and enables you to program a hexadecimal value for the
OH bytes of the tributaries (OH Page Number from 1 to 64) being tested.
The appearance of this window changes, depending on the mapping
selected. Some of the OH Bytes are displayed as buttons. This means that
you can program them using a description. When you enter the
descriptor, the hexadecimal value is entered automatically. The OH
Number selected is also displayed. The following OH bytes can be
programmed using a description:
S1: Synchronisation Status Byte. Select the description from the list.
The hexadecimal value is displayed with the OH Page Number.
Higher-Order Path Overhead (HP-POH/POH)
C2: Signal Label Byte. Displays the mapping being used in the VC-n.
G1: Path Status Byte.
Issue 8 - 06/07
3-5
3.3.2
You can select the receiver Wavelength - between 1310 and 1550 nm.
Although the receiver has enough bandwidth to cover both wavelengths,
in order to measure the optical power accurately, we recommend that
you should select the one being received.
Select TCM N1 to enable TCM tests if the network under test supports
this feature. Make sure that this is not ticked if the network does not
support TCM.
3-6
218800
Select FEC On to enable G.707 in-band FEC if the network under test
supports this function. Make sure that this is not selected if the network
does not support FEC.
Figure
3.3
Issue 8 - 06/07
Receiver Setup
The Pointer Values button enables you to display the Rx Path Trace
Message. Here you can set up the messages that are expected, so that
Victoria Combo can compare the messages received from the network to
the messages you have entered. Choose Enable RS-TIM, Enable HP-TIM or
Enable TIM to switch on and set up this comparison.
You can copy the settings in the receiver to the transmitter by using the
buttons at the bottom of the window, as explained in Setting up the
Transmitter on page 3-3.
3-7
3.3.3
Figure
3.4
3.4
Inserting Events
The Insertion menu items enable you to insert events into the transmitted
signal and analyse the effects on the devices under test.
You can insert:
3.4.1
Inserting Alarms
To set up alarm insertion:
From the Insertion menu, choose Alarm Insertion, then choose Open.
The Alarm Insertion window is displayed.
3-8
218800
Figure
3.5
Alarm Insertion
2. Select the Type of Alarm you want to insert from Line, SDH/SONET, TCM
or Pattern.
3. If you want to be able to insert the alarm you have programmed using a
button on the desktop, choose Controlled by Desktop.
If Victoria Combo has more than one module fitted, you can insert events
on more than one interface simultaneously.
See Global Action on page 11-3.
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3-9
3.4.2
Inserting Errors
To set up error insertion:
1. From the Insertion menu, choose Error Insertion, then choose Open.
The Error Insertion window is displayed.
2. Choose the way you want to insert errors:
Rate: errors are inserted at a fixed rate - Mx10-n (where M=1.1, 1.0,
0.9; and n=3...9)
3. Select the Type of error you want to insert from Line, SDH/SONET, TCM,
Pattern or PDH/T-Carrier.
4. If you want to be able to insert the error you have programmed using a
button on the desktop, choose Controlled by Desktop. If Victoria Combo
has more than one module fitted, you can insert events on more than one
interface simultaneously. See Global Action on page 11-3.
Figure
3-10
3.6
Error insertion
218800
3.4.3
5. If you want to be able to insert the pointer event you have programmed
using a button on the desktop, choose Controlled by Desktop. If Victoria
Combo has more than one module fitted, you can insert events on more
than one interface simultaneously. See Global Action on page 11-3.
Issue 8 - 06/07
3-11
3.5
Making Measurements
The Measurements menu enables you to set up the following:
3.5.1
G.826 Objectives
G.828 Objectives
G.829 Programming
M.2101 Objectives
measurement duration
3-12
218800
3.5.2
Figure
3.7
Issue 8 - 06/07
Macro window
3-13
3.6
Setting Objectives
All the objectives on Victoria Combo are set up in a similar way, as
described below. For information on settings or results for specific
objectives, see the pages in the table below. To set up objectives:
1. From the Measurements menu, choose the menu item for the objective
you want to set, then choose Open.
The appropriate objective window is displayed.
2. To set the test duration, touch Test Period Setup and set up the duration.
This this is the time for which Victoria Combo evaluates the value of the
parameters and checks if the objectives are being achieved.
3. First of all, choose Enable at the bottom of the window.
This will allow you to program the objective.
4. Select the objective Type you want to program.
5. Enter the Allocation (as a percentage of the global objective assigned to the
Hypothetical Reference Path: 27,500 Km).
This is not applicable to G.829 objectives.
6. Set up the other parameters for the objective, if applicable.
7. If you want to set up the objectives in detail, touch the button Objectives.
The Threshold column enables you to program event thresholds in
absolute units (seconds or blocs), if desired. This is not applicable to
G.829 objectives.
8. Choose one of the UAS Assignment options (this is not applicable to G.829
objectives):
3-14
Setting up Objectives
Results
G.826
page 3-15
page 3-25
G.828
page 3-15
page 3-25
G.829
page 3-15
page 3-26
M.2101
page 3-16
page 3-26
218800
3.7
G.826 Objectives
The ITU-T G.826 provides monitoring criteria and performance objectives
for international digital paths working at a constant bit rate equal to or
higher than 2 Mbit/s or 1.5 Mbit/s.
Select the G.826 Type you want to program:
3.8
Type
Monitored Signal
RS
STM
MS
HO
VC-4, VC-4-4c
G.828 Objectives
The types of G.828 measurements available are listed below:
3.9
Type
Monitored Signal
HO-OSM (Out-of-service)
HO-ISM In-service
HO-TCM
G.829 Settings
The Recommendation ITU-T G.829 does not specify performance
objectives. This is why you can only set the type of G.829 measurement
and the test period.
The types of G.829 measurements available are listed below:
Issue 8 - 06/07
Type
Monitored Signal
RS
STM
MS
3-15
3.10
M.2101 Objectives
The M.2101 objectives measurement covers error performance for
bringing into service and maintenance of SDH Paths and Multiplex
Sections. The type of M.2101 measurements available are listed below:
Type
Monitored Signal
MS
HO
VC-4, VC-4-4c
3.11
3.11.1
LEDs
Events that are being detected can first be displayed using the different
LED screens and then the number of events displayed on the
corresponding Result screens. For more information see Timed Results on
page 3-23.
The LEDs may be four colours as follows:
Summary mode enables you to see if any event has occurred in Current
LEDS window and/or History LEDS window, but without specifying which
one it is (to see this information, you must display the Current LEDS or
History LEDS window). The Reset History button in this window enables
you to reset the LEDs in this window and the History LEDS window.
3-16
218800
History LEDS window: if an event is detected, the colour of the LED will
remain the same until you touch the Reset History button or the tester is
switched off.
Current LEDS window: the colour of the LED changes (from yellow to
green and vice versa) as the event is detected or not detected.
In the LED windows the LEDs are grouped in rows according to the type
of event that they give information about (Pattern, System, TCM, etc.).
Figure
3.8
3.11.2
Current LEDs
Make sure that the Optical receiver LED is red. If it is not, touch the
Optical Receiver button to switch it on.
Issue 8 - 06/07
3-17
3.11.3
OK: The level of the signal being received is high enough (0 to 22 dBm) to guarantee the reliability of the optical power
measurement. No calibration is required.
CALIBRATED: The level of the signal being received is between -22 and
-40 dBm and the receiver is calibrated to guarantee the reliability of
the measurement. This is the status message that is displayed at the
end of the calibration process in the majority of cases. In some cases,
if the calibration detects that the signal is low, the status message at
the end of the calibration may be OK.
3-18
218800
3.11.4
Figure
3.9
Issue 8 - 06/07
3-19
Manual: Captures the frames received starting from when you touch
the Activate button in the Overhead Byte Results window. The frames
can then be displayed after capture.
If you have selected Manual or Trigger captures, you can select the bytes
to capture:
1. Touch Selection.
Individual bytes are displayed in a table where the overhead bytes are
arranged by rows and columns in the same way as the general OH bytes
window.
2. To select the specific tributaries from which you want to capture the OH
bytes, select OH Page No.
Victoria Combo will capture a number of frames depending on the
number of bytes selected.
Figure
3-20
3.10
218800
3. To choose the bytes you want to capture, touch the buttons for the
bytes.
Note that the selected bytes differ from the non-selected ones (the
buttons are shaded). You can also automatically select a group of significant bytes within the total overhead by touching the buttons RSOH Bytes,
MSOH Bytes, POHBytes or Pointer Bytes.
4. If you want to perform a capture that is started by a trigger,
select Trigger and define the Trigger Mode:
Mid-Trigger: capture n/2 frames before and n/2 frames after the trigger
occurs.
Figure
3.11
6. Define the Condition for the comparison (equal value, different value).
7. Enter the information about the trigger byte location using the OH map
and the OH Page Number.
Issue 8 - 06/07
3-21
8. Enter the Trigger Byte Value in hexadecimal or binary format, or set some
specific bits of the total byte by entering a binary Mask6. The trigger will
be activated when a byte or a group of bits within the total byte captured
is equal or different from the programmed byte (depending on what
Condition you have set). The results of the Capture are displayed in the
Overhead Byte Result window.
9. If you want to start a manual capture, touch Activate in the Overhead Byte
Results window.
When the capture has finished, the status message DONE is displayed.
3.11.5
3.11.6
6. The value of the digit is irrelevant when anX appears. Values differing from
X (1 or 0) generate trigger.
3-22
218800
3.12
Timed Results
The Timed Results are the results of a group of measurements. All the
measurements are made in a single test and the results are shown in
windows displayed from the Timed Results menu.
You can choose which module or modules the tests are performed on (see
Setting up the Modules Controlled by the Start button on page 11-2), but not
which tests are performed.
You can start and stop the measurements by touching Start
. You
can also choose to make a measurement over a pre-defined period (see
Running a Timed Test for a defined period on page 11-2) or delay the start of
a test to a time you choose (see Starting a Timed Test at a set time on
page 11-2).
When the measurements have finished, a results file is automatically
created. You can then create a report from this results file (see Creating a
Report File on page 8-2). If you want to be able to create a report when a
measurement has finished, you must choose to create a results file. If you
do not, the results will be available from the Timed Results menu, but no
results file will be produced and you cannot create a report. See Creating
a Results File on page 8-1.
To display a Timed Results window:
1. Display the main menu.
2. Choose the module you are using to test, then Timed Results and then the
type of result you want to display.
To start a test immediately:
1. From the main menu choose Modules, then Global Start & Autostart,
then Open.
The Global Start & Autostart window is displayed.
2. From the list of Registered Modules, choose the module you want to use.
3. To start a measurement immediately, touch
Issue 8 - 06/07
3-23
3.12.1
Alarm Results
The Alarm Results window displays the count of Seconds with Alarm.
Counters of events that are not applicable to the current configuration
appear grayed.
Figure
3.12
3.12.2
Alarm results
Error Results
The Error Results window displays the Count of errors, Errored Seconds and
the Rate at which the errors occur. Counters of events that are not
applicable to the configuration will appear grayed.
Figure
3-24
3.13
Error results
218800
3.12.3
3.12.4
FEC Results
NOTE:The FEC option will be available in future software and hardware
releases.
3.12.5
G.826 Results
The G.826 Results window displays a Count of errors, the Rate of errors and
an Evaluation column that indicates PASS/FAIL/NA (Not Applicable) with an
LED.
This information is evaluated for all the performance parameters defined
by ITU-T G.826. A global evaluation is displayed in order to indicate if the
G.826 objectives programmed for the measurement are being achieved
both at the far and near ends.
When no objectives are defined by the Recommendation for a parameter
(for example EFS), N/A (Not Applicable) is displayed. An indication of the
Elapsed Time as a percentage is also displayed. In addition to the standard
parameters defined by G.826, Victoria Combo measures the following
parameters:
Error Free Seconds (EFS): the available time without errors, in seconds.
Available time Block Errors (ABE): those errored blocks that are received in
a period of availability, including those detected in a Severely Errored
Second (SES). They are displayed as a ratio of the number of errored
blocks to the total number of blocks received.
Unavailable time in seconds (UAS): The total unavailable time during the
measurement in progress.
The Setup button displays the G.826 Objectives window as described in
G.826 Objectives on page 3-15.
3.12.6
G.828 Results
This window is very similar to the one for G.826 Results (it displays the
additional G.828 parameter Severely Errored Period, SEP).
See G.826 Results.
Issue 8 - 06/07
3-25
3.12.7
G.829 Results
As Recommendation G.829 does not define performance objectives, the
results in this window only show the Count of errors and the Rate at both
far and near end. The Elapsed Time of the measurement as a percentage of
the total time is also displayed. For additional details, see G.826 Results.
3.12.8
M.2101 Results
The M.2101 results window displays the near and far end statistics of Count
of errors, the Rate, and an Evaluation field that includes the corresponding
indication PASS/FAIL/UNCERTAIN/NA (Not Applicable) for each event, with
the associated LED.The elapsed time is also displayed.
The evaluation indications depend on the programmed S1 & S2 thresholds:
PASS: ES<S1
FAIL: ES>S2
UNCERTAIN: S1<ES<S2
3.12.9
M.2110
Recommendation M.2110 describes tests and procedures for bringing
international multi-operator paths, sections, and transmission system
entities into service. It defines a continuity test and tests of 15 minutes,
2 hours, or 24 hours to check for error performance events (ES, SES and
BBE).
In the M.2110 window, using the top section, you can program the
duration of the measurement and the performance recommendation used
as reference for the definition of performance events.
In the middle section, a soft LED indicates the history status and current
status of the continuity test. The RESET button enables you to reset the
history mode.
AT the bottom part of the window, there are programming fields for
thresholds and the result fields for performance events, and also a pass/fail
indication. The field for assigning UAS and the fields for near-end or farend statistics are available when the statistics selected in the Performance
field at the top of the window require them.
3-26
218800
3.12.10
M.2120
Recommendation M.2120 provides procedures for fault detection and
localisation with and without in-service monitoring for international multioperator paths, sections, and transmission systems. These procedures are
applicable whatever the technology used.
In the M.2120 window, using the top section you can set up the duration
of the measurement and the performance recommendation used as
reference for the definition of performance events.
The fields for programming thresholds are situated in the middle part of
the window. Here you can also find the result fields for threshold reports
associated with performance events, for both 15-minute and 24-hour
tests. The field for assigning UAS and the fields for near-end or far-end
statistics are available when the statistics selected in the Performance field
at the top of the window require them. Additionally, there is a list that
enables you to select threshold reports or reset threshold reports for 15minute tests.
At the bottom part of the window, there is a button to open the Report
Threshold Viewer window. This window is a viewer for the event log, with
time stamp, for threshold reports, with time window for 15 minutes and
24 hours. When an unavailable period is started, this is indicated too, as
well as the return to availability. You can also print the file displayed using
the Print button at the bottom part of the window.
3.13
Performing Functions
As well as the tests and measurements described above, Victoria Combo
enables you to perform a set of powerful automatic measurements called
functions. These functions take the control of the CPU. When a function
is running, the tester will not perform any other measurement until the
function has finished.Victoria Combo will not run more than one function
at the same time.
To display a function window:
1. From the main menu, choose the module you want to use for the test.
2. Choose Functions and then choose function you want to perform.
3.13.1
Autoconfiguration
This function automatically configures the receiver of Victoria Combo to
the network or device under test:
1. In the Autoconfiguration window, choose the settings you want to autoconfigure.
If an item is not enabled, the setting is not checked for autoconfiguration.
The Expected Results enable you to choose a previously known or
expected configuration to reduce the autoconfiguration time.
2. To start the autoconfiguration, touch Start.
Issue 8 - 06/07
3-27
3.13.2
Scanning Tributaries
The Scan function enables you to scan tributaries for alarms and errors.
When you choose the SDH/SONET tributaries to be scanned, the
incoming signal is searched for all types of errors and/or alarms in the
tributaries you have chosen. The tributaries that can be selected depend
on the receiver mapping configuration.
1. In the Scan window select the Scanned Tributaries.
An automatic scan of the SDH/SONET tributaries at each level will be
enabled.
2. Choose whether you want to scan for Alarms or Errors or both.
3. Touch Start.
When the scan is completed for one tributary, it automatically begins for
the next one on that level. If no check box is selected, the scan is
performed on the tributary that appears on the lists beside the checkboxes. Use Page Number to scroll through the list of events detected.
Figure
3-28
3.14
Scan screen
218800
3.13.3
3.13.4
Issue 8 - 06/07
If you enter a value in the RTD Measurement field and touch Calibrate, this
value will be subtracted from the measured value and sets the tester to
zero before an RTD measurement. For example, if you make an RTD
measurement with the tester looped back and calibrate it using this RTD
measurement, the delay due to internal circuits of the tester will be
subtracted from the next measurement result.
You can enter the maximum acceptable RTD by entering a value in RTD
Limit so that you can compare it with the measured value. Note that the
values of RTD Measurement, RTD Calibration and RTD Limit are all expressed
in microseconds (s).
3.13.5
3-30
218800
4.1
Introduction
The STM-16/OC-48 module enables you to perform different
measurements on PDH, T-Carrier, SDH and SONET networks at bit rates
from 1.5 Mbit/s up to 2.5 Gbit/s.
As described in previous chapters, when a module is added to Victoria
Combo, a new item is added to the main menu. When you touch this
menu item, several new menu items are displayed:
Issue 8 - 06/07
Save Configuration
Configuration both the transmitter and the receiver for a test (see Setting
up the Transmitter and Receiver on page 4-3).
Insertion of errors, alarms and pointer events into the bit stream being
transmitted (see Inserting Events on page 4-9).
4-1
4.2
Tx
Rx
Interface:
STM-16
STM-16
Type:
1310 nm
1310 nm
Mapping:
AU-3/ C-12
AU4/ C-12
Setup
Xxxxxx
XXXX
Xxxxxx
XXXX
Summary
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
History
Pattern:
PRBS23, ITU
Tx-Rx Coupled
XXXX
XXXX
Xxxxxx
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
Xxxxxx
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
Xxxxxx
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
Xxxxxx
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
Xxxxxx
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
Freq. Offset:
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
Xxxxxx
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
Xxxxxx
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
Xxxxxx
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
OK
Settings & Details
Test status
Figure
4.1
Rx
Tx
SDH
Frequency:
Start/stop test
2,488,320,000 Hz
-50
ppm
Errors:
65
Secs.
Alarms:
45
Secs.
AU Ptr:
340
TU Ptr:
550
Overhead
Error Detail
Alarm Detail
Pointers
Scan
RTD
APS
Insertion
Event type: B2 Error
Mode: Burst 100
Error
Timed Test
Autoconfig.
Results
Xxxxxx
Measuring...
PRBS23, ITU
DUT
PDH
XXXX
SDH
XXXX
PDH
XXXX
Generator Analyser
Xxxxxx
Alarm
Test results
Insert event
4-2
218800
4.3
4.3.1
Issue 8 - 06/07
Tick the checkboxes for the channels you want to insert the pattern
into.
If you do not choose any timeslot, the test pattern will be inserted
into all the timeslots (except 0, and if CAS is enabled 16).
The buttons All and None at the bottom of the window enable you to
select and deselect all the channels.
When Fractional T1 is selected you can choose between channels of 64
or 56 kbit/s. An extra list enables you to select the valid states for
Robbed Bit. The greater the number of states selected for the robbed
bits, the greater the number of bits designated for signalling.
If you choose C-12 AU4 Mapping, you can program SDH mapping of
2 Mbit/s in C-12 through AU-4/AU-3
4-4
218800
Figure
4.2
Issue 8 - 06/07
4-5
OH Bytes: displays and enables you to program a hexadecimal value for the
OH bytes of the tributaries (OH Page Number from 1 to 64) being tested.
Columns for TU, LP-POH, HP-POH, RSOH and MSOH bytes are displayed
(see Displaying Overhead Bytes on page 4-18). Some of the OH Bytes are
displayed as buttons containing the corresponding label. This means that
you can program them using a description. When you enter the
descriptor, the hexadecimal value is entered automatically.
The OH Number selected is also displayed. The following OH bytes can be
programmed using a description:
The TU-11/VT-1,5, TU-12/VT-2 and TU-3 pointers (V1, V2, V3, V4) are
not programmable, so the current value is always displayed in the screen:
Pointer Values: program the value of AU/STS Path and TU/VT pointers,
as well as the value for SS/XX bits with or without NDF (New Data
Flag) in H1 byte.
4-6
218800
4.3.2
Issue 8 - 06/07
You can select the receiver Wavelength - between 1310 and 1550 nm.
Although the receiver has enough bandwidth to cover both wavelengths,
in order to measure the optical power accurately we recommend that
you should select the one being received.
For electrical interfaces you can set the Gain to compensate for the
attenuation of Protected Monitoring Points (PMP) or test probes in ISM.
If necessary, you can choose if the signal is Framed (CRC, FAS) or not
(None). Programming the Fractional E1/T1signal reception and the
corresponding signalling is the same as for the transmitter, as is selecting
the E1 and T1 time slots. To display the CAS or Robbed bit signalling
values for E1 and T1 signals, touch Signalling in the Rx Fractional Signal
window.
You can display the Expected Message window, where you can enter the
message expected so that they can be compared with the messages
received.
4-7
Figure
4-8
4.3
218800
4.3.3
Figure
4.4
4.4
Inserting Events
The Insertion menu items enable you to insert events into the transmitted
signal and analyse the effects on the devices under test.
You can insert:
Issue 8 - 06/07
Alarms;
Errors;
Pointer Sequences.
4-9
4.4.1
Inserting Alarms
To set up alarm insertion:
1. From the Insertion menu, choose Alarm Insertion, then choose Open.
The Alarm Insertion window is displayed.
2. Choose the way you want to insert alarms:
3. Select the Type of Alarm you want to insert from Line, TCM, PDH or
T-Carrier, SDH or SONET, or Pattern.
4. If you want to be able to insert the alarm you have programmed using a
button on the desktop, choose Controlled by Desktop. If Victoria Combo
has more than one module fitted, you can insert events on more than one
interface simultaneously. See Global Action on page 11-3.
Figure
4-10
4.5
218800
4.4.2
Inserting Errors
To set up error insertion:
1. From the Insertion menu, choose Error Insertion, then choose Open.
The Error Insertion window is displayed.
2. Choose the way you want to insert errors:
Rate: errors are inserted at a fixed rate - Mx10-n (where M=1.1, 1.0,
0.9; and n=3...9)
3. Select the Type of error you want to insert from Line, SDH/SONET, TCM,
Pattern or PDH/T-Carrier.
If you want to be able to insert the error you have programmed using a
button on the desktop, choose Controlled by Desktop. If Victoria Combo
has more than one module fitted, you can insert events on more than one
interface simultaneously. See Global Action on page 11-3.
Figure
4.6
Issue 8 - 06/07
Error insertion
4-11
4.4.3
4-12
218800
Figure
4.7
4.4.4
Figure
4.8
Issue 8 - 06/07
4-13
4.5
Measurements
The Measurements menu enables you to set up the following:
4.5.1
G.821 Objectives
G.826 Objectives
G.828 Objectives
G.829 Objectives
M.2100 Objectives
M.2101 Objectives
4.5.2
4-14
218800
4.6
Setting Objectives
All the objectives on Victoria Combo are set up in a similar way, as
described below. For information on settings or results for specific
objectives, see the pages in the table below. To set up objectives:
1. From the Measurements menu, choose the menu item for the objective
you want to set, then choose Open.
The appropriate objective window is displayed.
2. To set the test duration, touch Test Period Setup and set up the duration.
This this is the time for which Victoria Combo evaluates the value of the
parameters and checks if the objectives are being achieved.
3. Choose Enable at the bottom of the window.
This will allow you to program the objective.
4. Select the objective Type you want to program.
5. Enter the Allocation (as a percentage of the global objective assigned to the
Hypothetical Reference Path: 27,500 km).
This is not applicable to G.829 objectives.
6. Set up the other parameters for the objective, if applicable.
7. If you want to set up the objectives in detail, touch the button Objectives
button.
The Threshold column enables you to programme event thresholds in
absolute units (seconds or blocs), if desired. This is not applicable to
G.829 objectives.
8. Choose one of the UAS Assignment options (this is not applicable to G.829
or G.821objectives):
Issue 8 - 06/07
Setting up Objectives
Results
G.821
page 4-16
page 4-24
G.826
page 3-15
page 3-25
G.828
page 3-15
page 3-25
G.829
page 3-15
page 3-26
M.2100
page 4-16
page 4-24
M.2101
page 3-16
page 3-26
4-15
4.6.1
G.821 Objectives
The ITU-T G.821 objectives provide monitoring criteria and performance
objectives for international digital paths working at a constant bit rate
lower than 2 Mbit/s.
4.6.2
Type
Comment
BIT
Current version
Annex D
M.2100 Objectives
The M.2101 objectives measurement covers error performance for
bringing into service and maintenance of PDH paths and connections.
The type of M.2100 measurements available are listed below:
Type
Comment
CRC
FAS
PPAR
CPAR
4-16
218800
4.7
4.7.1
LEDs
Events that are being detected can first be displayed using the different
LED screens and then the number of events displayed on the
corresponding Result screens. For more information see Timed Results on
page 4-22.
The LEDs may be four colours:
Summary mode enables you to see if any event has occurred in Current
LEDS window and/or History LEDS window but without specifying which
one it is (to see this information you must display the Current LEDS or
History LEDS window). The Reset History button in this window enables
you to reset the LEDs in this window and the History LEDS window.
History LEDS window, if an event is detected the colour of the LED will
remain the same until you touch the Reset History button or the tester is
switched off.
Current LEDS window, the colour of the LED changes (from yellow to
green and vice versa) as the event is detected and is not detected.
In the LED windows the LEDs are grouped in rows according to the type
of event (Pattern, System, TCM, etc.) that they give information about.
Issue 8 - 06/07
4-17
Figure
4.7.2
4.9
Current LEDs
4.7.3
4.7.4
4-18
218800
Figure
4.10
Issue 8 - 06/07
4-19
4.7.5
Figure
4.7.6
4.11
You can enable or disable the J0 byte to carry trace messages because the
this byte has dual role - it may be used as the C1 or J0 byte (C1 is a
number to identify the AUG in the STM-N frame). To switch on the J0
trace message, choose Enable in the Received Path Trace Messages Results.
You can also display the messages from J1 or J2 bytes by choosing from
the Analysed message list (J1 for higher-order/STS paths, J1/J2 for lower
order paths/VT paths.
Signalling Results
When E1 or DS1 signals mapped into containers are being analysed,
Victoria Combo can display the signalling values, for CAS and Robbed bit.
For more information about E1 and DS1 signalling, see Setting up the
Transmitter on page 4-3.
4-20
218800
4.7.7
Pointer Values
The Pointer Value window enables you to display the AU and TU pointer
values programmed, and to transmit AU and TU pointers with specific
values.
1. From the Instant Results menu choose Pointer Value, then choose Open.
The Pointer Value window is displayed.
Received Pointers displays the programmed AU pointer value, and the
SS/XX unspecified bits that indicate the type of AU/STS-N.There is also
an In-Range/Out-of-Range indication and a LED displaying Loss of Pointer
(LOP) alarm status.
2. To set the pointer value in the transmitted frame, enter the values in the
Transmitted Pointer fields.
3. Choose whether you want to transmit the pointers with or without an
NDF (New Data Flag).
Figure
4.12
Issue 8 - 06/07
4-21
4.8
Timed Results
The Timed Results are the results of a group of measurements. All the
measurements are made in a single test and the results are displayed in
windows displayed from the Timed Results menu. You can choose which
module or modules the tests are performed on (see Setting up the Modules
Controlled by the Start button on page 11-2), but not which tests are
performed.
You can start and stop the measurements by touching Start,
.
You can also choose to make a measurement over a pre-defined period
(see Running a Timed Test for a defined period on page 11-2) or delay the
start of a test to a time you choose (see Starting a Timed Test at a set time
on page 11-2).
When the measurements have finished, a results file is automatically
created. You can then create a report from this results file (see Creating a
Report File on page 8-2). If you want to be able to create a report when a
measurement has finished, you must choose to create a results file. If you
do not, the results will be available from the Timed Results menu, but no
results file will be produced and you cannot create a report (see Creating
a Results File on page 8-1).
To display a Timed Results window:
1. From the main menu, choose the module you are using to test.
2. Choose Timed Results and then the type of result you want to display.
To start a test immediately:
1. From the main menu, choose Modules.
2. Choose Global Start & Autostart, then Open.
The Global Start & Autostart window is displayed.
3. From the list of Registered Modules, choose the module you want to test
with.
4. To start a measurement immediately, touch
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4.8.1
Alarm Results
The Alarm Results windows display the number of Seconds with Alarms for
the different alarm types. Counters of alarms that are not applicable are
greyed. The Alarm Results windows are:
Alarm Results
Alarm Results/TCM
4.8.2
Error Results
The Error Results windows display a Count of errors detected, the number
of Errored Seconds detected and the error Rate the for the different types
of error. Counters of errors that are not applicable are greyed.
The Error Results windows are:
4.8.3
Error Results
Error Results/TCM
Figure
4.13
Issue 8 - 06/07
4-23
4.8.4
G.821 Results
The G.821 Results window displays a Count of errors, the Rate of errors and
an Evaluation column that indicates PASS/FAIL/NA (Not Applicable) with a
LED.
This information is evaluated for all the performance parameters defined
by ITU-T G.821. A global evaluation is displayed to indicate if the G.821
objectives programmed for the measurement are being achieved.
When no objectives are defined by the Recommendation for a parameter
(for example EFS), N/A (Not Applicable) is displayed. An indication of the
Elapsed Time as a percentage is also displayed. In addition to the standard
parameters defined by G.821, Victoria Combo measures the following
parameters:
Error Free Seconds (EFS): the available time without errors, in seconds.
Errored bits in available time (AE): The number of errored bits received in an
available period, including those detected in an SES (Severely Errored
Second). This is displayed as a ratio between the errored bits and the
total number of bits received.
4.8.5
M.2100 Results
As in the error performance results windows described above, this
window displays the Near End and Far End statistics of Count of errors, the
Rate, and an Evaluation field that includes the corresponding indication
PASS/FAIL/UNCERTAIN/NA (Not Applicable) for each event, with an
associated LED.The elapsed time is also displayed.
The evaluation indications depend on the programmed S1 & S2 thresholds:
4-24
PASS: ES<S1
FAIL: ES>S2
UNCERTAIN: S1<ES<S2
218800
Background Block Errors (BBE): The number of CRC or FAS errors received
in an available period, excluding those detected in an SES.
They are displayed as a ratio between:
the number of CRC background errors detected and the total number
of CRC blocks received, for M.2100 CRC based measurements;
the number of FAS background errors detected and the total number
of frame alignment bits received, for M.2100 FAS based
measurements.
Block Errors in Available time (ABE): The number of CRC or FAS errors
received in an available period, including those detected in an SES. They
are displayed as a ratio between:
the number of CRC errors detected and the total number of CRC
blocks received, for M.2100 CRC based measurements;
the number of FAS errors detected and the total number of frame
alignment bits received, for M.2100 FAS based measurements.
4.8.6
M.2110
The Recommendation M.2110 describes tests and procedures for bringing
international multi-operator paths, sections, and transmission system
entities into service. It defines a continuity test and tests of 15 minutes,
2 hours, or 24 hours to check for error performance events (ES, SES and
BBE).
In the M.2110 window, using the top section, you can program the
duration of the measurement, and the performance recommendation used
as reference for the definition of performance events. In the middle
section, a soft LED indicates the history status and current status of the
continuity test.
By pressing the RESET button, you can reset the history mode. In the
bottom part of the window, there are programming fields for thresholds
and the result fields for performance events, and also a pass/fail indication.
The field for assigning UAS and the fields for near-end or far-end statistics
are available when the statistics selected in the Performance field at the top
of the window require them.
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4-25
4.8.7
M.2120
The Recommendation M.2120 provides procedures for fault detection and
localization with and without in-service monitoring for international multioperator paths, sections, and transmission systems. These procedures are
applicable whatever the technology used.
In the M.2120 window, using the top section, you can program the duration
of the measurement and the performance recommendation used as
reference for the definition of performance events. In the middle section,
there are fields for programming thresholds. There are also the results
fields for threshold reports associated with performance events, for both
the 15-minute and for 24-hour tests.
The field for assigning UAS and the fields for near-end or far-end statistics
are available when the statistics selected in the Performance field at the top
of the window require them. Additionally, a list enables you to select
threshold reports or reset threshold reports for 15-minute tests. In the
bottom section of the window, there is a button to open the window
Report Threshold Viewer.
This window is a viewer for the event log, with time stamp, for threshold
reports, with time window for 15 minutes and 24 hours. When an
unavailable period is started, this is indicated too, as well as the return to
availability. In addition, you also can print the file displayed using the Print
button at the bottom of the window.
4.8.8
Other Results
For information on other results, see the following pages:
4.9
Performing Functions
As well as the tests and measurements described above, Victoria Combo
enables you to perform a set of powerful automatic measurements called
Functions. These Functions take the control of the CPU. When a Function is
running, the tester will not perform any other measurement until the
Function has finished.Victoria Combo will not run more than one function
at the same time.
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4.9.1
Autoconfiguration
This function autoconfigures the receiver of the Victoria Combo to the
network or device under test. You can autoconfigure the Rate, Network,
Gain, Structure, Frame and PRBS:
1. In the Autoconfiguration window choose the settings you want to
autoconfigure.
If an item is not enabled, the setting is not checked for autoconfiguration.
The Expected Results enable you to choose a previously known or
expected configuration to minimise the autoconfiguration time.
2. To start the autoconfiguration, touch Start.
Figure
4.14
4.9.2
Autoconfiguration function
Scanning Tributaries
See Scanning Tributaries on page 3-28.
Issue 8 - 06/07
4-27
4.9.3
4.9.4
4.9.5
4-28
218800
5.1
Introduction
The STM-16/OC-48 NG SDH module enables you to perform a wide
range of measurements on SDH and SONET next generation networks at
bit rates from 52 Mbit/s up to 2.5 Gbit/s. PDH and TCAR networks
working at bit rates from 1.5 Mbit/s to 140 Mbit/s can be also tested with
the same module.
5.1.1
Issue 8 - 06/07
5.1.2
5.2
Save Configuration
Control panel - see The NG 2.5G Module Control Panel Screen on page 5-2.
Configuration - Set up both the transmitter and the receiver for a test
(see Setting up the Module - Transmitter Setup on page 5-5).
5-2
218800
Test status
Figure
5.1
Issue 8 - 06/07
Test setup
Test events
Test results
5-3
LEDs for
background tributaries
Test progress
Figure
5.2
Transmitter and
Receiver setup Change to Test Summary
Quick links
Diagram of current
Test mode
5-4
218800
5.3
5.3.1
Figure
5.3
Issue 8 - 06/07
5-5
5. Set the Reference Clock Source (Mainframe or Recovered) and the frequency
deviation (Offset) in ppm.
Mainframe means that the clock is provided by an internal or external
source, this means that you must program this source using the General
Timing window of the main menu (see General Timing on page 10-1).
6. Select the wavelength 1550 nm/1310 nm for optical connections or the
line code for electrical connections.
Wavelength selection is not be available for modules with one laser
source.
For optical connections, Victoria Combo includes interfaces for 155.520,
622.080 and 2,488.320 kbit/s. (SC, ST or FC connectors in accordance
with ITU-T G.957).
5.3.2
5-6
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Issue 8 - 06/07
5-7
5.3.3
5-8
Choose the Member of the virtual container you want to use for
insertion.
This is the member of the virtual container that is used when you
choose to insert events.
Enter the Sequence ID number for each of the members of the group.
The members of the group are multiplexed and demultiplexed on a
byte by byte basis. The sequence number is the order that the
member will be processed in. For example, the first byte from the
member with sequence number 1, then the first byte from the
member with sequence number 2, and so on.
218800
This column shows the coordinates of every member inside the twolevel multiplexing structure.
Figure
5.4
5. Select LCAS enable if you want to enable the LCAS source and sink
emulation functions in the tester.
The Setup and Status Summary buttons provide detailed configuration of
the LCAS functionality (see Setting up the LCAS on page 5-10).
6. In the Transmitter Setup window, choose the Structure you want to use.
This enables you to fill the container with test sequence bulk (C-x) or
mapping GFP frames on it.
If you choose GFP, a new button is displayed that enables you to program
GFP transmission.
If you choose C-x, the SDH structure is filled with a test sequence.
At the bottom of the screen you can select the type of test pattern used
to fill the SDH container and perform a physical BER.
Issue 8 - 06/07
5-9
5.3.4
Figure
5.5
Sink configuration
Wait-to-restore timer - Time period between the restoration of a failed section and the time when the section
is used again by a working channel. This period is called wait-to-restore (WTR).
Hold-off timer - The time between declaration of signal degrade or signal fail, and the initialization of the
protection switching algorithm.
Partial Loss of Capacity Transmit Threshold - Minimum number of active members of VCAT group allowed
before an alarm in Rx is activated.
5-10
218800
Figure
5.6
Issue 8 - 06/07
5-11
Source Summary
State - Current state of source.
Source member
state
CTRL - State of the individual member of the group. Also, this field is used to request the add and removal of
VCG members. The possible commands displayed are: FIXED (non-LCAS mode), ADD, NORM, EoS, IDLE,
DNU.
SQ - It contains the number of sequence assigned to a particular member. Each member of a VCG has a
unique SQ always starting in 0.
Rec. MST - (Received Member Status) state of all the members of the received VCG. It is transmitted in all
the members of the transmitted VCG.
Sink Summary
State - Current state of sink.
Member state
You can monitor all members at the same time by pressing the VCG Overv.
button. In this case the following read-only dialog is displayed.
Figure
5-12
5.7
218800
Provisioned
Number of members from the reserved ones defined to be used (or added) for the Virtually Concatenated
Group
In use
Number of members really being used by the VCG (because some of the provisioned can fail)
5.3.5
Figure
5.8
Issue 8 - 06/07
5-13
Core Header
Payload Header
Payload
Figure
5.9
5-14
218800
5.3.6
Figure
5.10
Issue 8 - 06/07
Traffic loop if you want to transmit the same Ethernet traffic received
at one of the signal input interfaces of the module.
The status of the temporary storage buffer for the loopback traffic is
shown by the Loopback Overflow LED.
5-15
Choose the type of Ethernet frames you want to transmit - 802.3 LLC-1 802.2 or Ethernet II.
MAC
Destination MAC Address - enter the destination MAC address for the frames you want to transmit
Source MAC Address - enter the source MAC address for the traffic you want to transmit.
Ether Type - (only displayed when you choose Ethernet II), enter the Ethertype (protocol identifier) for the
Ethernet traffic you want to transmit.
VLAN
VLAN - (Virtual Local Area Network), choose whether Victoria Combo is going to transmit the traffic onto a
VLAN.
Priority - enter the priority level of the source of the traffic. This can be set to a value between 0 and 7. Frames
with a priority of 0 have the lowest priority, and 7 the highest.
CFI - (Canonical Format Indicator), this is to provide compatibility with Token Ring networks. For Ethernet this
must be set to 0.
VLAN ID - enter the identifier of the virtual network Victoria Combo is transmitting frames to, this must be
between 0 and 4095.
LLC-1 802.2
LLC Enable (logical Link Control) - switch LLC on or off. This is only available if you have chosen 802.3 LLC1 802.2.
DSAP - (destination service access point), Identifier for the service access point (protocol) for which the data
carried in the payload is intended.
SSAP - (source service access points), Identifier for the service access point (protocol) from which the LLC
information field (payload) was initiated.
Control - choose from different formats depending on the LLC layer operation mode. This field designates
command or response functions and contains a sequence number if required by operation mode used.
The value 03 must be selected to emulate the operating mode used in Ethernet networks (Type 1Unacknowledged connectionless-mode. Data transfer without the establishment of a data link level
connection).
SNAP Enable - (Sub-Network Attachment Point), choose to include the SNAP header in the Ethernet frames.
OUI - (Organizational Unique Identifier), enter the unique code for the equipment manufacturer.
PID - (Protocol Identifier)
MPLS
MPLS Enable - Multi Protocol Label Switching - enter the label stack entries for the frames.
IP
IP Enable - (Internet Protocol), choose whether the Ethernet frames you want to transmit contain IP information packets.
Payload
Payload - choose Test Setup to set up the payload you want to transmit. For more information see Choosing
the Test Setup on page 5-14.
Size - enter the size of the payload you want to transmit in Bytes.
5-16
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Figure
5.11
Issue 8 - 06/07
5-17
Source IP Address
Enter the IP address of the transmitter in dotted decimal notation, that is aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd.
Destination IP
Address
Enter the IP address of the receiver in dotted decimal notation, that is aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd.
Length
Displays the length of the IP Packets in Bytes. This is automatically calculated from the payload size value
selected in the Ethernet dialog (see previous table).
TTL
Time to Live - a the number that is decremented when the packet passes through every network device.
When it reaches 0 the packet is discarded.
ToS/Diffserv
Protocol
5.3.7
5-18
218800
Figure
5.12
Traffic - choose the type of traffic you want to transmit - Constant or Bursty.
CIR - enter the Committed Information Rate for the traffic you want to transmit.
Frame Size - enter the frame size of the traffic you want to transmit.
PIR - enter the Peak Information Rate for the traffic you want to transmit.
MBS - enter the Maximum Burst Size or the traffic you want to transmit.
Issue 8 - 06/07
5-19
Client Data - the number of GFP Client Data frames transmitted by Victoria Combo.
Client Data Bytes - the number bits of GFP Client Data transmitted by Victoria Combo.
Client Management - the number of GFP Client Management frames transmitted by Victoria Combo, in frames/second.
Traffic Data Bandwidth - the bandwidth being used by the transmission, in bits/second.
Ethernet
Valid Frames - the number of valid Ethernet frames/second transmitted by Victoria Combo.
Transmitted Octets - the number of valid Ethernet octets in bits/s transmitted by Victoria Combo.
Total Bandwidth - the bandwidth being used by the transmission, in bits/second.
Under and Oversized - the number of oversized frames/second transmitted by Victoria Combo.
Erroneous FCS - the number of errored Ethernet Frames/second transmitted by Victoria Combo.
5.3.8
5-20
218800
Other options
Other options, at lower levels, can be displayed by touching the following
buttons in the Transmitter Setup window (you can also display these
options through the main menu):
OH Bytes: displays and enables you to program a hexadecimal value for the
OH bytes of the tributaries (OH Page Number from 1 to 64) being tested.
Columns for HP-POH, RSOH and MSOH bytes are displayed.
Some of the OH Bytes are displayed as buttons containing the
corresponding label. This means that you can program them using a
description. When you enter the description, the hexadecimal value is
entered automatically. The OH Number selected is also displayed.
The following OH bytes can be programmed using a description:
Issue 8 - 06/07
S1: Synchronisation Status Byte. Select the description from the list.
The hexadecimal value is displayed with the OH Page Number.
Pointer Values: Program the value of AU/STS Path pointers, as well as the
value for SS/XX bits with or without NDF in H1 byte.
5-21
5.4
5.4.1
5-22
You can select the receiver Wavelength - between 1310 and 1550 nm.
Although the receiver has enough bandwidth to cover both wavelengths,
in order to measure the optical power accurately we recommend that
you select the one being received.
You can display the Path Trace Messages window, where you can enter the
message expected so that it can be compared with the messages received.
If the SDH signal being received is directly filled with Test sequence
(C-x structure selected), you can select the test sequence using this
window.
218800
If the SDH signal being received is filled with GFP frames, you set up the
frames using the Rx GFP Setup window.
To display this window, choose the GFP Setup button.
Figure
5.13
5.4.2
5.4.3
Issue 8 - 06/07
5-23
Figure
5.14
5-24
218800
5.4.4
5.4.5
Figure
5.15
Delineation
Algorithm
Delta - in frame delineation Delta+1 is the number of consecutive correct cHECs that must be confirmed to
decide that GFP frames are recovered correctly, and SYNC status is achieved. Robustness against false
delineation in the re-synchronization process depends on the value of Delta. A value of Delta = 1 is
suggested (ITU-T G.7041). SYNC is loss when a frame with cHEC with multiple errors is received.The
recommendation is that this should be set to 1.
Payload Header - switch single bit error correction on the payload header on or off. By default this should be
switched ON.
Core Header - switch single bit error correction on the core header on or off. If this is switched on, if a single
bit error occurs it is corrected. If multiple bit errors occur the changes from SYNC to HUNT mode. By default
this should be switched ON.
Mode
Core Header
Scrambling - switch core header scrambling on or off. The ITU recommend that this should be ON by default.
GFP Autodetection
Payload Header
Scrambling - switch payload header scrambling on or off. The ITU recommend that this should be ON by
default.
Linear Extension
Header
CID - (Channel Identifier), enter the number of the communications channel (between 0 and 255) the traffic
will be received on.
5-25
5.4.6
Figure
5.16
To set up a filter:
1. To select Ethernet frames of a particular type, choose the Ethernet Frame
type from the list.
2. To select only Ethernet frames with a specific Destination or Source MAC
Address, enter the MAC address in the boxes.
3. Change all the entries in the Mask fields to FF (binary 1111 1111).
4. To select Ethernet frames that have a MAC address that coincides with
part of the destination or source MAC address:
For example if you want to select MAC addresses that end with 111x
(where x is any value), if you convert this to Hexadecimal, it becomes
00:00:00:00:00:0E.
5. To select Ethernet frames that have a specific Ether Type, enter the value
you want to filter on, and the decimal value of the Mask you want to use.
Here 0 is a value you do not want to filter on and 1 is a value you want to
filter on.
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218800
6. If you want to filter on values in the VLAN tag, enter the value you want
to filter on (Priority, CFI, or VLAN ID) and the decimal value of the Mask
you want to use. Again, 0 is a value you do not want to filter on and 1 is a
value you want to filter on.
For example, if you enter Priority 6 (binary 110) and Mask 1, (binary value
001), this means that frames with a VLAN tag that have 0 in the third bit
will be selected. That is VLAN tags with values 0, 2, 4, and 6 (binary 000,
010, 100, and 110).
If you want to filter on the IP layer, choose IP and set up the masks.
This window enables you to enter the masks for the source and
destination IP address in decimal notation.
Figure
5.17
Issue 8 - 06/07
5-27
5.5
Inserting Events
The Insertion menu items enable you to insert a wide range of events into
the transmitted signal and analyse the effects on the devices under test.
You can insert:
5.5.1
Alarms
Errors
Pointer Sequences
Alarm Insertion
To set up alarm insertion:
1. Display the Insertion menu.
2. Choose Alarm Insertion, then choose Open.
The Alarm Insertion window is displayed.
Figure
5.18
5-28
218800
2. Select the Type of Alarm you want to insert from Line, SDH/SONET, VCAT,
GFP, PDH, TCAR or Pattern.
3. Choose the VCAT member where you want to insert an alarm.
4. If you want to be able to insert the alarm you have programmed using a
button on the desktop, choose Controlled by Desktop.
If Victoria Combo has more than one module fitted,
you can insert events on more than one interface simultaneously
(see Global Action on page 11-3).
5.5.2
Error Insertion
To set up error insertion:
1. From the Insertion menu, choose Error Insertion, then choose Open.
The Error Insertion window is displayed.
Figure
5.19
Issue 8 - 06/07
Rate: errors are inserted at a fixed rate - Mx10-n (where M=1.1, 1.0,
0.9; and n=3...9)
5-29
3. Select the Type of error you want to insert from Line, SDH/SONET, GFP,
Ethernet, PDH, TCAR or Pattern.
If you want to be able to insert the error you have programmed using a
button on the desktop, choose Controlled by Desktop. If Victoria Combo
has more than one module fitted, you can insert events on more than one
interface simultaneously (see Global Action on page 11-3).
5.5.3
5.5.4
5.6
Measurements
The Measurements menu enables you to set up the Auto Measurement
Timer.
5.6.1
5.6.2
5.7
5-30
218800
5.7.1
LEDs
Events that are being detected can first be displayed using the different
LED screens and then the number of events displayed on the
corresponding Result screens (for more information, see Timed Results on
page 5-38).
The LEDs may be four colours:
Summary mode enables you to see if any event has occurred in Current
LEDS window and/or History LEDS window, but without specifying which
one it is (to see this information you must display the Current LEDS or
History LEDS window). The Reset History button in this window enables
you to reset the LEDs in this window and the History LEDs window.
History LEDs windows, if an event is detected, the colour of the LED will
remain the same until you touch the Reset History button or the tester is
switched off.
Current LEDs windows, the colour of the LED changes (from yellow to
green and vice versa) as the event is detected and is not detected.
There are separate LEDs windows for SDH/SONET, PDH and T-Carrier:
Issue 8 - 06/07
5-31
Loss of Alignment
LOM
Loss of Multiframe
OOM1
Out of Multiframe 1
OOM2
Out of Multiframe 2
SQM
LFD
cH-U
cH-C
tH-U
tH-C
eH-U
eH-C
pFCS
GFP
5-32
218800
Ethernet
Align.
Under
Under-sized frames
Over.
Over-sized frames
Fragm
Fragments
FTL
FCS
OOR
Out of range
IR
In Range
Loopb.
Loopback Overflow
Pattern
Issue 8 - 06/07
AIS
LSS
Slip
TSE
5-33
5.7.2
5.7.3
5.7.4
Pointer Values
The Pointer Value window enables you to display the AU pointer values
programmed, and to transmit AU pointers with specific values.
1. From the Instant Results menu, choose Pointer Value, then choose Open.
The Pointer Value window is displayed:
In-Range/Out-of-Range indication
2. To set the pointer value in the transmitted frame, enter the values in
the Transmitted Pointer fields.
3. Choose whether you want to transmit the pointers with or without
an NDF.
Figure
5-34
5.20
218800
5.7.5
Figure
5.21
Issue 8 - 06/07
5-35
Histogram - the size distribution (in octets) of Ethernet frames received by the Victoria Combo.
Maximum - the size of the largest Ethernet frame received in bytes.
Minimum - the size of the smallest Ethernet frame received in bytes.
Frames
Received frames - the total number of frames received, including bad, broadcast and multicast frames.
Received octets - the total number of octets of data, including bad frame octets and FCS octets, received
from the network. Framing bits are excluded.
Data octets - the number of data octets received.
QoS Traffic
Received frames - the number of valid Ethernet frames containing a QoS payload successfully received.
Frame Loss - the number of Ethernet frames lost.
Errored Frames - the number of frames containing a QoS payload received with FCS and alignment errors.
Out of Order - the number of frames containing a QoS payload received in the incorrect order.
QoS Delay
Average - the average time taken for Ethernet frames to travel from the transmitter to the receiver (in s).
Maximum - the maximum time taken for Ethernet frames to travel from the transmitter to the receiver (in s).
Minimum - the minimum time taken for Ethernet frames to travel from the transmitter to the receiver (in s).
QoS IAT
Average Inter Arrival Time - the average time gap between successive Ethernet frames.
Maximum Inter Arrival Time - the maximum time gap between successive filtered Ethernet frames containing
a QoS payload (in s).
Minimum - the minimum time gap between two successive filtered Ethernet frames containing a QoS payload
(in s).
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5.7.6
Rx Bandwidth
The Rx Counters window enables you to view information about the total
GFP frames being received on a selected CID, and being received in total
by Victoria Combo. It also displays information on the Ethernet frames
being received by Victoria Combo.
Figure
5.22
Rx Counters Results
The number of Control, Client Data and Client Management frames received and the number of Client Data
bytes received.
Results are displayed for the total number (left-hand column) and the CID number displayed since the
receiver was switched on (right-hand column).
Data Bandwidth
The amount of date in bits per second being received in total (left-hand side) or for the CID displayed (righthand side).
Ethernet frames
The number of frames and octets of the types listed received since the receiver was switched on.
Ethernet Traffic
The Ethernet traffic of the type listed being received by Victoria Combo (in bits per second).
Issue 8 - 06/07
5-37
5.8
Timed Results
The Timed Results are the results of a group of measurements. All the
measurements are made in a single test and the results are displayed in
windows accessed from the Timed Results menu. You can choose which
module or modules the tests are performed on (see Setting up the Modules
Controlled by the Start button on page 11-2), but not which tests are
performed.
You can start and stop the measurements by touching Start. You can also
choose to make a measurement over a pre-defined period (see Running a
Timed Test for a defined period on page 11-2) or delay the start of a test to
a time you choose (see Starting a Timed Test at a set time on page 11-2).
When the measurements have finished, a results file is automatically
created, and you can create a report from this results file (see Creating a
Report File on page 8-2). If you want to be able to create a report when a
measurement has finished, you must choose to create a results file. If you
do not, the results will be available from the Timed Results menu, but no
results file will be produced and you cannot create a report. See Creating
a Results File on page 8-1.
To display a Timed Results window:
1. From the main menu, choose the module you are using to test, then
Timed Results, and then the type of result you want to display.
To start a test immediately:
2. From the main menu choose Modules, then Global Start & Autostart, then
Open.
The Global Start & Autostart window is displayed.
3. From the list of Registered Modules, choose the module you want to test
with.
4. To start a measurement immediately, touch
5-38
218800
5.8.1
Figure
5.23
The PDH and T-Carrier alarms are not shown in the Physical Alarm Results
panel. There are two specific alarm panels for PDH and T-Carrier
framings. You can access these panels from the Start Menu by choosing:
Issue 8 - 06/07
5-39
5.8.2
Figure
5.24
The PDH and T-Carrier alarms are not shown in the Physical Alarm Results
panel. There are two specific alarm panels for PDH and T-Carrier
framings. You can access these panels from the Start Menu by choosing:
5-40
218800
5.8.3
Figure
5.25
Issue 8 - 06/07
5-41
5.8.4
Figure
5-42
5.26
218800
5.8.5
Figure
5.27
Errors that can be monitored include GFP HEC errors and payload errors.
The following information is displayed: number of, rate of, and number of
seconds containing correctable (single-bit) and uncorrectable (multi-bit)
errors received. The result is displayed for both the CID selected and the
total received.
cHEC
tHEC
eHEC
pFCS
Issue 8 - 06/07
5-43
5.8.6
Figure
5.28
The following alarms for each VC member (as set in Member number) are
displayed:
LOA
Loss of Alignment
LOM
Loss of Multiframe
Out of Multiframe 1 and 2 - alarm for Multi Frame Indicator 1 and alarm for Multi Frame Indicator 2
SQM
5-44
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5.8.7
Figure
5.29
The number of, rate of, and number of seconds containing the Ethernet
errors listed below:
Alignment
The number of frames with a length of between 64 and 1518 octets received that have a FCS (Frame Check
Sequence) or Alignment Error. The frame length excludes framing bits. For detailed information see
30.3.1.1.7 of 802.3-2002 or RFC 1643/RFC 2665 Ethernet-like interface MIB.
Undersize
Oversize
The number of frames received, including FCS octets but excluding framing bits, that were longer than the
maximum permitted frame size but in the correct format. The maximum permitted frame size can vary
according to the environment. For example, 1518 in a non-VLAN environment and 1522 or greater in VLAN
environments with valid CRCs. For detailed information see 30.3.1.1.25 of 802.3-2002, or RFC 2819
Fragments
Number of frames received that were less than 64 octets long, with FCS or Alignment Errors. For more information see RFC 2819.
FCS
The number of frames received, including FCS octets but excluding framing bits, that exceed the maximum
permitted frame size with FCS and Alignment errors. The maximum permitted frame size can vary according
to the environment. For example, 1518 in a non-VLAN environment and 1522 or greater in VLAN and Jumbo
frame environments. For more information see RFC1643/RFC2665 Ethernet-like interface.
Out of range
Frames received where the value in the length/type field was invalid, that is the value did not indicate a valid
type or length. For more information see IEEE802.3.
In Range
Only available when IEEE802.3 with LLC frames are being received.
Frames where the actual length of the frame and value indicated by Length field do not match. For more
information see IEEE802.3.
Issue 8 - 06/07
5-45
5.8.8
Performance Results
See:
5.9
Functions
This item in the navigation tree includes miscellaneous measurements and
tests.
5.9.1
GFP Autodetection
If you do not know the GFP configuration of the signal being received by
Victoria Combo, GFP Autodetection tests the signal being received.
1. Display the Functions menu for the Nextg module.
2. Choose GFP Autodetection
OR
From the Rx GFP Setup screen choose GFP Autodetection.
The GFP Autodetection screen is displayed.
To start GFP autodetection, touch
.
Autodetection starts. The process takes about 1 minute.
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When the process has finished, the results are displayed. If GFP is not
present in the signal, GFP_NOT_DETECTED is displayed.
Figure
5.30
5.9.2
RFC 2544
With the Nextg module it is possible to perform some tests in accordance
with RFC 2544.
1. From the Functions menu for the Nextg module, choose RFC 2544
The RFC 2544 screen is displayed.
2. Select the frame sizes to be used in the Frame Size area.
The frame sizes are 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024, 1280 and 1518 bytes.
3. Choose the tests to perform.
Throughput
Latency
Loss Rate
Determines the frame loss rate, as defined in RFC 1242, of a DUT throughout the entire range of input data
rates and frame sizes.
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5-47
Figure
5.9.3
5.31
5.9.4
5-48
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6.1
Introduction
The Jitter/Wander module for Victoria Combo is a hardware option of the
NG2.5G module. This hardware is a thin 1.5 module that can operate
independently or connected to the NG2.5G module.
When operating independently, the module can perform jitter/wander
measurements on clock signals. When the Jitter/Wander module is used
together with the NG2.5G module you can carry out measurements on
SDH/SONET, PDH and T-Carrier networks at bit rates up to 2.5 Gbit/s
(STM-16/OC-48).
JITTER/WANDER MODULE
Clock OUT
Clock
OUT
Electrical
OUT
Figure
6.1
Issue 8 - 06/07
Clock IN
Optical
Tx
Tx
1310 1550
JITTER/WANDER MODULE
Clock OUT
Clock IN
E1
Electrical
IN
Optical
Clock
IN
Rx
(a) Stand-alone operation. (b) Joint operation together with the NG2.5G module.
6-1
6.1.1
6.1.2
6.1.3
6-2
Save configuration
6.2
6.2
6-3
Alternatively, you can access the Jitter/Wander home panel by using the
shortcuts on the NG2.5G home panel.
To display more details or to change settings, choose one of the buttons
on the screen.
6.3
6.3.1
output jitter
combined jitter
jitter generation
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3. If necessary, touch Range (Ulpp) to set the full scale value for the jitter
amplitude, Int (s) to set the integration period, Band to set the lower
threshold of the analysis bandwidth8 and Clock Freq to match the
frequency of the signal under test.
The integration period is the width of the time window in which the
peak-to-peak jitter amplitude measurement is performed. See Figure 6.3:
Amplitude (UI)
Time window
Jitter modulation
Peak to peak
amplitude
(UIpp)
for t=ti
Time
Integration period
Measurement duration
Figure
6.3
Integration period
4. To set up the bandwidth for the jitter measurement in line with the
standards, choose Filter HP+LP.
The options of this button are related to Recommendations O.172 and
O.171, and they take values automatically, depending on the bit rate of
the signal analysed (see Figure 6.4 and the following table).
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6-5
HP1
HP2
LP
HPmms
1.5M
10 Hz
8 kHz
40 kHz
12 kHz
2M
20 Hz
18 kHz
100 kHz
12 kHz
8M
20 Hz
3 kHz
400 kHz
12 kHz
34M
100 Hz
10 kHz
800 kHz
12 kHz
45M
10 Hz
30 kHz
400 kHz
12 kHz
51M
100 Hz
20 kHz
400 kHz
12 kHz
140M
200 Hz
10 kHz
3500 kHz
12 kHz
155M
500 Hz
65 kHz
1.3 MHz
12 kHz
622M
1 kHz
200 kHz
1.3 MHz
12 kHz
2.5G
5 kHz
1 MHz
20 MHz
12 kHz
High pass
Low pass
Wideband
Highband
RMS band
HP1
Figure
6.4
HP2 HPrms
LP
6-6
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You can combine these options with the option LP of the button Filter.
HP+LP.
Button to switch
between Alarm
and Amplitude
results
Measurement
filters
Figure
6.5
The UIpp field displays the peak-to-peak jitter amplitude value for the
configuration values you have selected.
The UIppmax field displays the maximum UIpp value since the start of
the measurement. You can force-reset UIppmax at any time by
touching Reset UIpp max.
See Jitter Analyzer Status Messages on page 6-7.
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6-7
6.3.2
Capturing: A whole integration period has not passed since the start of
the measurement, so the measurement values are not valid yet. (This
status appears for the Int values 10 s and 60 s.)
Jitter Generation
To generate jitter in Victoria Combo:
1. Connect Victoria Combo to the device or network under test.
an external reference clock obtained from the Ref IN input of the front
module
5. To set the nominal clock frequency for the test signal, configure the Clock
Freq menu. Add a line offset (in ppm) to the generated signal by
configuring Offset in the Generator menu.
You have the following options:
+Usr, -Usr: sets the offset to a value configured by the user in ppm
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Figure
6.6
6.3.3
6.3.4
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6-9
6.3.5
Output: high Z
1 UIpp
1 UIpp/V
0.5 UIpp/V
10 UIpp
10 UIpp/V
5 UIpp/V
100 UIpp
100 UIpp/V
50 UIpp/V
1000 UIpp
1000 UIpp/V
500 UIpp/V
Loss of Clock
There is no signal in the Clock Input interface of
the Jitter/Wander module
LTI
PMSt
The LEDs are a specific case of instant results. The following LEDs are
unique to the Jitter/Wander module:
6-10
LOC
Loss of Clock
There is no signal in the Clock Input interface of
the Jitter/Wander module
PMSt
Hits
Hits
The jitter amplitude is above the HITS threshold.
218800
To switch between
history LEDs
and current LEDs
LEDs panel
Jitter alarms
Figure
6.4
6.7
Seconds with
alarm
6.4.1
output wander
wander generation
2. Connect the reference clock signal to the Ref IN input of the front
module.
3. Configure the receiver of the NG2.5G module to analyse framed SDH,
SONET, PDH or T-Carrier signals (see Setting Up the Module - Receiver
Setup on page 5-22).
To test a pure clock signal, in the Jitter/Wander home screen switch the
wander analyser on, if it is not already running. To do this, choose
Wander in the Analyser menu.
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6-11
4. To set the full-scale value for wander amplitude (in microseconds), select
TIE range, and select Clock Freq to match the frequency of the signal under
test.
5. Touch Clock Ref. in the Generator panel to select the synchronisation
source for the generated signal. You can choose between the following
options:
6-12
the maximum and current frequency Offset values (in ppm) of the
received signal with respect to its nominal value
the maximum and current frequency Drift values (in ppm/s) of the
received signal (this is the time derivative of the frequency offset)
218800
You can manually set the TIE value to zero by pressing Reset TIE.
To manually reset the offset and drift values, press Reset Max.
Button to switch
between Alarm
and Amplitude
results
Button to reset
the Maximum
and TIE results
Configuration
parameters
Figure
6.8
6.4.2
Wander Generation
The aim of wander generation is to check the behaviour of NEs or
networks when a previously selected, programmable wander modulation
is present.
To generate wander:
1. Connect to the device or network under test:
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6-13
2. Connect the reference clock signal to the Ref IN input of the front
module.
3. To generate framed SDH, SONET, PDH or T-Carrier signals set up the
transmitter of the NG2.5G module (see Setting up the Module - Transmitter
Setup on page 5-5).
To analyse a pure clock signal, in the Jitter/Wander module home screen
select the synchronisation source for the generated signal. To do this,
touch Clock Ref.
You can choose between the following options:
an external reference clock obtained from the Ref IN input of the front
module
Button to set
the input clock
reference
Configuration
parameters
Figure
6.9
4. If necessary, set the nominal clock frequency for the test signal by
configuring the Clock Freq menu. Add a line offset in ppm to the generated
signal by configuring the Offset menu in the Generator menu.
You can choose between:
+ITU, -ITU: sets the offset to the maximum allowed values in line with
the corresponding ITU-T recommendations
+Usr, -Usr: sets the offset to a value configured by the user in ppm
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6.4.1
6.4.2
6.5
Range
1 s
1.358 s/V
0.679 s/V
10 s
10.85 s/V
5.429 s/V
100 s
86.88 s/V
43.44 s/V
1 ms
1.390 ms/V
0.695 ms/V
10 ms
11.12 ms/V
5.561 ms/V
100 ms
89.00 ms/V
44.50 ms/V
1s
1.424 s/V
0.712 s/V
10 s
11.38 s/V
5.693 s/V
Jitter/Wander Functions
Victoria Combo enables you to carry out a set of automatic
measurements called functions. When a function is running, the tester will
not perform any other measurement until the function has finished. For
more information, see Performing Functions on page 3-27.
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6-15
6.5.1
Jitter/Wander Tolerance
Victoria Combo uses the onset of errors to perform automatic tolerance
measurements10.
The type of NE determines at which interface the errored seconds are
counted:
10. The amplitude of jitter modulation is increased at the input of the DUT until
the output signal degradation surpasses a previously defined threshold. The
procedure has to be repeated for several modulation frequencies; the range
needed to compare to the measurement tolerance mask.(ITU-T O.171 defines 2
errored seconds in a period of 30 seconds).
6-16
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Use the Load Mask button to load the stored values for the mask.
Use the Save Mask button to save the current values of the mask.
To switch between
the configuration panels
for the different functions
Quick Pass/Fail test
Measurement frequencies
and threshold values
Time periods to
be configured
Errors to be taken
into account for
the results
Mask selector
To manage
tolerance mask files
Figure
6.10
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6-17
6.5.2
Jitter/Wander Transfer
To measure jitter/wander transfer:
1. Connect the corresponding electrical or optical output of the NG2.5G
module to the SDH, SONET, PDH or T-Carrier input interface of the
device under test.
2. Connect an SDH, SONET, PDH or T-Carrier output of the device or
network under test to the corresponding electrical or optical input of
the NG2.5G module.
3. Configure the transmitter (see Setting up the Module - Transmitter Setup on
page 5-5) and receiver (see Setting Up the Module - Receiver Setup on
page 5-22).
6-18
Press Load Tolerance File to use the results of a previous jitter / wander
tolerance measurement as a stimulus for the current measurement.
218800
9. In the mask table, enter the values to be tested and their pass/fail
thresholds.
Use the Load Mask button to load the stored values for the mask.
Use the Save Mask button to save the current values of the mask.
To switch between
the configuration panels
for the different functions
Time period to
be configured
Measurement frequencies
and threshold values
Mask selector
Load previous
tolerance results
as a stimulus
To manage
transfer mask files
Figure
6.11
Issue 8 - 06/07
6-19
Figure
6.12
6.5.3
MTIE/TDEV
To carry out MTIE (Maximum Time Interval Error) and TDEV (Time
Deviation) measurements:
1. Connect the test signal to:
2. Connect the reference clock signal to the Ref IN input of the front
module.
3. To analyse framed SDH, SONET, PDH or T-Carrier signals, configure the
receiver of the NG2.5G module (see Setting Up the Module - Receiver
Setup on page 5-22).
To analyse a pure clock signal, in the Jitter/Wander module home screen
OR in the JW Functions panel,
choose jw-x, then Functions and then JW Functions.
4. In Jitter/Wander Functions, choose MTIE/TDEV Functions.
5. Touch Settings in Jitter/Wander Functions to open the configuration panel.
6-20
218800
Choose the Max. Obs. Time (s) for the MTIE measurement.
This is the maximum value of the observation time that defines
the MTIE parameter.
Load or save masks with the Load Mask and Save Mask buttons.
To switch between
the configuration panels
for the different functions
MRTIE setup
Observation
time
Measurement
frequencies
and thresholds
To manage
MTIE/TDEV mask files
Figure
6.13
Issue 8 - 06/07
To switch between the MTIE and TDEV result views, touch Show MTIE
or Show TDEV.
6-21
Figure
6.14
6.5.4
6-22
218800
Tracing Events
7.1
Introduction
The Trace viewer enables you to display the results of a measurement in
an intuitive, graphical way. Post and pre-filtering functions enable you to
display selected results or the complete set of all possible anomalies and
defects detected in the signal being analysed. Both time plots and bar
graphs may be displayed.
7.2
7.3
Configuration enables you to choose which module you want to trace the
events from and which events to trace.
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7-1
Tracing Events
The Trace Viewer Window
2. Choose the events you want to trace from the Trace Event selection list.
Only the selected events will be traced.
Figure
7.1
Pre-filtering window
Check the Enable serial dump checkbox to print the event results through
the serial port in real-time.n
To choose the file you want to view as a trace:
1. From the main menu, choose Measurements, then choose Histograms &
Reports.
The Histograms & Reports window is displayed.
2. From the Available Measurements list, choose the report
you want to display.
3. Choose Histogram.
The Trace window is displayed.
7.4
7-2
218800
Tracing Events
Arrangement and Functions
7.5
Trace section
Control section
You can filter the events displayed after they have been traced in a similar
way to selecting the events to be traced before they were traced. This
enables you to concentrate on the events you are interested in without
losing any information.
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7-3
Tracing Events
Arrangement and Functions
Expand/Contract Control
Unselected event
Selected event
Scroll bar
Figure
7.2
Histogram bars
Row
Figure
7.3
Note that if a row contains a defect (alarm), the information is given by the
colour of the cells (green, red, white) and the number of seconds with the
alarm associated with the selected cell (place the cursor on the cell).
7-4
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Tracing Events
Arrangement and Functions
If the row is associated with a variable parameter like the pointer value
(for example AU-PTR), the linear plot across the cell displays a value
in the middle of the time cell. This is the value displayed at the right of the
row when the time cell is selected.
The control section is the area at the bottom of the Trace window (see
figure 7.4). In this section you have the following control buttons:
Zoom tool
Histogram
Time Plot
Post-Filtering
Time-Scale
(Resolution)
Figure
7.4
Issue 8 - 06/07
Fast
Backward
Backward
Current position
of the cursor
Cursor
Forward
Event Search
Keys
Zoom
7-5
7
7.6
Tracing Events
Real-time histogram
Real-time histogram
The Real-time histogram is a powerful tool for displaying in real-time all the
events chosen by the user during a measurement in the same way that the
Trace window.
1. From each module menu, choose Real-time histogram...The Trace window
is displayed.
2. Start a measurement and choose the events to be displayed.
7.7
Figure
7.5
7-6
See the figure 7.1 to know how to enable the serial dump.
218800
Generating a Report
When you perform a Timed Test (see Timed Results on page 3-23, Timed
Results on page 4-22 and Timed Results on page 5-38) a results file (.res) is
generated.
The Measurements option on the main menu enables you to create a
report file (.rpt) that can be viewed on screen, saved to a memory device,
transferred to a computer or printed (see Using Files on page 9-1).
Before you start a timed test, you must choose to create a results file. If
you do not, the results will be available from the Timed Results menu, but
no results file will be produced and you cannot create a report.
8.1
Issue 8 - 06/07
8-1
Generating a Report
Creating a Report File
8.2
Figure
8.1
2. From the Available measurements list, choose the results file you want to
generate a report for.
Information is displayed in the window to help you find the correct file.
3. Choose the Report type you want to generate.
4. Enter a File name.
5. If you want to, enter a Description for the report file.
6. To start report generation touch Generate report.
The report is displayed on screen (See Figure 8.2).
7. If you want to print the report, make sure that the printer is connected
and touch Print.
8-2
218800
Generating a Report
Creating a Report File
Figure
8.2
Issue 8 - 06/07
8-3
8-4
Generating a Report
Creating a Report File
218800
Using Files
By using the Files menu you can manage the files stored on your Victoria
Combo or the storage devices attached to it.
To display the Screenshots, Configurations, Reports or Measures windows:
1. From the main menu choose Files.
2. Choose the type of file you want to work with.
The corresponding window is displayed.
There are four types of files that you can work with in Victoria Combo:
9.1
A list of the files of the type you have selected and their File name, date of
Creation, Location (Slot 1, Slot 2, Internal), whether they are protected
(Prot.) and their Size. The format of the date and time changes depending
on the current application that is running (SDH or SONET). See
Introduction to Victoria Combo Modules on page 11-1.
Information about the state of the memory in Free Storage. If there is not
enough memory to save a file, Victoria Combo displays a warning
indicating that some files must be deleted or, if a microdrive or memory
card is installed that some result files may be moved.
You can also enter a file Description if you want to save a more detailed
description of the file contents.
NOTE:For files on an external memory device to be visible in file manager
windows, they must be saved in folders called: configurations, reports,
results and screenshots. You must create these folders using a PC before
inserting the device into the Victoria Combo.
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9-1
Using Files
Working with Files
9.2
9.2.1
Change the properties of a file (Props.) that is rename the file or edit the
file description
9.2.2
Deleting Files
You cannot delete a file if it is protected, you must change protection
status to No first.
1. Select the file or files you want to delete by touching them
in the Contents list.
To deselect a file, touch it again.
2. Touch Delete.
9-2
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Using Files
Working with Files
9.2.3
Protecting Files
Protecting files makes it more difficult to delete them accidentally.
1. Select the file or files you want to protect by touching them in the
Contents list.
To de-select a file, touch it again.
2. Touch Protect.
The Prot. status changes from No to Yes in the Contents list.
To change the files status, touch Protect again.
9.2.4
9.2.5
Issue 8 - 06/07
9-3
Using Files
Working with Files
9.2.6
Printing a File
Victoria Combo enables you to print a report or measurement result file
using a printer connected to the RS-232 connector.
To print a file:
1. Connect the printer to Victoria Combo.
2. Switch the printer on.
3. Select the report or results file you want to print by touching it
in the Contents list.
You can only print one file at a time. To deselect a file, touch it again.
4. Touch Print.
The file is printed.
9.2.7
Viewing a File
Victoria Combo enables you to view the contents of a report file on
screen.
1. Select the report file you want to view by touching it in the Contents list.
To deselect a file, touch it again. You can only view one file at a time.
2. Touch View.
The files contents are displayed in a separate window.
Alternatively you can do the following:
1. From the tester Home screen, choose View generated reports.
2. Select the report file you want to view by touching it in the Contents list.
To deselect a file, touch it again. You can only view one file at a time.
3. Touch View.
The files contents are displayed in a separate window.
9.2.8
Loading a File
You can reconfigure Victoria Combo by using the settings saved in a
configuration file.
1. Select the configuration file you want to use by touching it
in the Contents list.
To deselect a file, touch it again.
2. Touch Load.
3. Choose the module you want to load the configuration onto
and touch OK.
Victoria Combo is reconfigured.
9-4
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Using Files
Working with Files
9.2.9
the Victoria Combo and the computer must be connected via a TCP/IP
connection - wired or wireless;
Screenshots
Figure
9.1
In the middle of the welcome web page there are three icons which enable
you to display web pages where you can download:
Issue 8 - 06/07
9-5
Using Files
Working with Files
9.2.10
1. Before you use the compact flash devices, make sure that you have
created the following folders on the device:
configurations
reports
results
screenshots
jwfiles\masks\user\
Figure
9-6
9.2
Display main menu and choose Platform, then Device List, then Open.
The Device List window is displayed.
If the device has been detected, a green LED is displayed next to the
slot where the device is installed and configured is displayed.
Device List
218800
Using Files
Working with Files
4. Open the file manager window for the type of file you want to transfer Screenshots, Configurations, Reports or Measures.
The files on the CF memory card are displayed in the Contents list mixed
with the files in the internal memory.
The Location column indicates that the files on the CF memory card are
on Slot 1 or Slot 2.
5. You can now select any file from the internal memory and move it or
copy it to the memory card by touching Copy or Move, and selecting
the destination from the dialog box that is displayed.
6. When you have copied or moved the files to the memory card, display
the Device List window as described above and disable the checkbox
Activation.
7. Remove the CF memory card from the slot.
8. Insert the CF memory card into the correct slot on your computer.
If your computer has a PCMCIA slot, use a standard CF-to-PCMCIA
adapter11.
11. You can order it from Trend Communications (Ref. No. CCFPCMCIA)
Issue 8 - 06/07
9-7
9-8
Using Files
Working with Files
218800
10
General Timing
The General Timing menu enables you to program the clock reference
settings that will affect the application modules and provides a common
clock.
To display the Clock Reference window:
1. Touch the Main menu button,
The main menu is displayed.
Figure
10.1
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10-1
10
General Timing
10-2
218800
11
The commands on the Modules menu enable you to perform a Timed Test
on more than module at the same time (if more than one is fitted), and to
display an LED that reflects the status of more than one module.
These settings can also be changed from the tester Home screen.
For more information on Timed tests, see Timed Results on page 3-23 and
Timed Results on page 4-22.
11.1
11.1.1
Issue 8 - 06/07
set up the test to run for a defined period, and within that period to
program when counters are reset;
11-1
11
You can set up Victoria Combo to use both of these options at the same
time - that is, start the test at a pre-defined time, and run the test for a
defined period.
You can also use the tester Home screen to perform these tasks.
Running a Timed Test for a defined period
1. From the Registered Modules list, choose the modules you want the test
to run on.
2. In the Measure Options section, to run the test for a pre-defined period,
choose Enable Duration Measure.
3. Choose a Pre-Defined period or a User-Defined period - 15 minutes, 1 hour,
24 hours, 30 days or User-Defined.
4. If you have chosen a User-Defined period, choose the time unit for the test
period - minutes, hours or days, and enter a number of units.
5. If you want to reset the counters (for example of errors or alarms)
during the test, choose Enable Periods Measure.
6. Choose the interval for the reset frequency.
7. If you have chosen a User-Defined period, choose the time unit for
the reset frequency - minutes, hours or days and enter a number of units.
Starting a Timed Test at a set time
1. From the Registered Modules list, choose the modules you want the test
to be run on.
2. In the Measure Autostart section, to start a test at a pre-defined time,
choose Enable Autostart.
3. Using the arrows at the top of the calendar, choose the year and month
when you want to start the test - for example January 2006.
4. Using the calendar, choose the date you want to start the test on.
5. Enter a time when you want the test to start.
Setting up the Modules Controlled by the Start button
The Global Start & Autostart window enables you to choose which modules
a Timed Test is run on when you touch the Start (
) button.
1. Display the Registered Modules list.
2. Choose the modules you want the Start button to apply to.
The current state is displayed in Desktop Start State.
You can also use the tester Home screen to perform this task:
1. From the column below
with the Start button.
11-2
218800
11.1.2
11
Global Action
The Global Action window enables you to set up the Insert button,
,
on the desktop to insert events one or more modules simultaneously.
To set up the global action:
1. Open the Global Action window.
2. Choose the modules you want the Insert button to control.
When you touch the Insert button,
all the modules you have chosen.
You can also use the tester Home screen to perform this task:
1. Touch
11.1.3
Global LEDs
The Global LEDs window enables you to display an LED reflecting the status
of all the modules you choose from a list.
To set up the global LED:
1. In the Global Leds window choose the modules you want to display
the status of with the global LED.
2. In the Desktop Settings, choose Current Leds only, History Leds only or
Current & History Leds.
If you choose the last option, the upper part of the LED displays the
current status and the lower half displays the history status.
You can also use the tester Home screen to perform this task:
1. From the column below
choose the modules you want to display
the status of with the global LED.
2. Choose Current Leds only, History Leds only or Current & History Leds.
If you choose the last option, the upper half of the LED displays the
current status and the lower half displays the history status.
The LED may be three colours:
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11-3
11
Global LED
Figure
11.2
11.1
2. From the main menu, choose the application module you want to save
the configuration of.
3. Choose Save configuration.
The configuration is saved in a file. The filename is the current date and
time. You can change the filename by using the file manager (see Changing
the Properties of a File on page 9-2).
4. In the Save configuration window, choose OK.
When the configuration has been saved, the Save configuration dialog is
displayed.
5. Choose OK again
11.3
2. Choose Home.
11-4
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11
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11-5
11
11-6
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12
The Platform menu enables you to set up aspects of Victoria Combo that
apply to the whole tester, not just individual modules.
To display the Platform menu:
1. Touch Main menu,
.
The main menu is displayed.
2. From the main menu, choose Platform.
3. Choose the option you want to use.
4. Choose Open.
The corresponding window is displayed.
12.1
12.2
12.2.1
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12-1
12
12.2.2
Changing Software
The Software & Firmware Update window enables you to perform actions
on the software on your Victoria Combo. You can:
Install new software on your Victoria Combo when you fit a new module
for the first time
Remove software from Victoria Combo when you remove a module from
the tester
None - the recommended setting when you are using Victoria Combo for
testing
If you are installing or upgrading software, you can use either a website or
a memory device (microdrive or memory card) installed in slot 1 of
Victoria Combo.
Figure
12.1
12-2
218800
12
4. If you have chosen Memory Card, make sure that it is inserted into slot 1
in Victoria Combo and that it is inserted correctly (with the label on the
card facing away from the front of Victoria Combo).
Brand name label
Slot 1
Front module
Slot 2
Figure
12.2
5. If you have chosen Memory Card, make sure that it is active (see Device List
on page 12-4).
6. If you have chosen URL, enter a URL (web site address)
for the software download site.
If you want to use this option, Victoria Combo must be connected
to a LAN.
7. To start the action you have chosen, touch Apply.
8. When the process has finished, to make the changes take effect, you
MUST switch Victoria Combo off and then on again.
12.3
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12-3
12
12.4
Device List
The Device List window displays information about the type of devices
located in Slots 1 and 2. These devices may be:
IBM Microdrive
Ethernet Cards
Figure
12.3
12.5
Device List
Setting up Networking
Victoria Combo may be connected to a TCP/IP network. This enables you
to download software updates from the Internet, use Remote Control to
control Victoria Combo, and transfer files from Victoria Combo to a PC
or server. Before you can use your Victoria Combo in this way, you must
set up networking.
12.5.1
Host Configuration
When Victoria Combo is connected to a TCP/IP network, for it to work
properly with the network, you must enter information about the
configuration of the network server.
1. Enter the Main Parameters for the network server Victoria Combo is
going to be connected to - Host Name, and Domain.
12-4
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12
2. In the Name Resolution section, enter the DNS Primary and DNS Secondary
Servers and the Search Domain.
DNS resolution is performed by the concatenation of the Host Name and
Search Domain fields. The Domain field contains the domain generally used
by Victoria Combo. Because Victoria is portable and may be connected
to different networks, the Domain makes it easier to reconnect without
changing the IP settings.
3. If you want these settings to apply for this session only, touch Apply.
If you want the settings to be the default settings, touch Reload.
The three possible Ethernet interfaces on Victoria Combo are listed at the
bottom of the Host Configuration window.
You can set up the Ethernet interfaces to have different settings. The
buttons to the right-hand side of the list are shortcuts to the Ethernet
options on the Networking menu (for more information, see the following
chapters).
12.5.2
Ethernet Ports
Victoria Combo has three ports that can be used as Ethernet interfaces:
Eth0: the Ethernet window enables you to configure the Physical 10BaseT
(RJ45 connector);
Eth1: configuration for the port for the wireless LAN 802.11 card;
Eth2: configuration for the port for the wireless LAN 802.11 card.
1. If the network you are going to connect Victoria Combo to has a DHCP
server, this server will assign a dynamic IP Address to Victoria Combo.
To set this up, choose Get an IP Address from a DHCP Server and enter a
DHCP Client Name for Victoria Combo.
2. If there is no DCHP server on the network, choose Specify an IP address
and enter an IP Address, Network mask, and Default Gateway (if necessary).
If there is no gateway, the Default Gateway is set to 0.0.0.0.
3. If you want to, you can define more than one DNS servers for resolving
the host name for the same Ethernet port. To do this, in Specific Interface
Resolution, enter a DNS and Search Domain.
This means that is the first Search Domain cannot resolve the host name,
the second one is used.
4. If you want these settings to apply for this session only, touch Apply.
If you want the settings to be the default settings, touch Reload.
5. To activate this Ethernet port, choose Enable this Network Interface.
6. If you want these settings to apply for this session only, touch Apply.
If you want to set the settings as the default settings, touch Reload.
The MAC Address of the Ethernet card is displayed at the bottom of the
window.
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12
12.5.3
12.6
Data bits: 7, 8
Stop bits: 1, 2
12-6
218800
Figure
12.7
12.4
12
12.8
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12-7
12
Figure
12.9
12.5
12-8
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13
Getting Started
Before you can use the Victoria Combo remote control, you must install
some software on your PC.
The files for Remote Control for Victoria Combo are included on the
CDROM. These are four files:
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13-1
13
Figure
13.1
When you have installed the software, a new option called Victoria Combo
is created in the Start menu of your PC, within the Programs. Select the
option Victoria Combo Launcher to open the remote control application.
1. Make sure that the PC and the Victoria Combo are correctly connected
to a wired or wireless network.
For more information, see Setting up Networking on page 12-4.
Figure
13.2
13-2
Wait until all the Java classes are downloaded from Victoria Combo to
your computer.
218800
13
Status
Icon
Disabled
Figure
13.3
There are two differences between the remote control window and the
Victoria Combo user interface:
The Print Screen button is disabled: you can capture the windows of
remote control directly using your PC13. This is to avoid conflicts due to
Victoria Combos memory being filled by several users making
screenshots at a time.
13. The screens are captured the same way as any window on your PC.
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13-3
13
There is an additional status icon: this icon shows the Role of the user.
There are three types of role:
Viewer: this type of user can only see what other users connected to
this Victoria Combo are doing, but he cannot control the tester;
Controller: this type of user can both see what is displayed and control
the tester;
Owner: this type of user is the same than the previous one, but this
user can edit a message that other users can see (for example a
request to be the only user that sets up the Victoria Combo).
Figure
13-4
13.4
Roles
218800
13
9. To change to the Owner role, select it and type a message in the text field
at the bottom of the window.
10.Choose OK to validate the selection.
Other remote users of the Victoria Combo will see the message from
the owner in the text field at the top of the window.
Figure
13.5
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13
13-6
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14
Support
The Support menu item displays the main page of the internal browser of
Victoria Combo.
This page includes links to:
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14
14-2
Support
218800
Technical Specifications
A1.1
A1
Platform
General
Modular structure
Basic Architecture: Front module display version (CDISP) or Front module non-display version (CPROBE),
Application Module/Modules (not included), Rear Module (CREAR)
Max. number of modules: up to 4 modules
User-removable modules
Multi-position desk leg
Rubber protection corners in Front and Rear Modules
Removable multi-use strap for handling and transport
Optional security lock cable is available (KL2)
Display: 10.4 TFT colour touch screen with SVGA resolution (800x600 pixel)
Dimensions
Connectors
USB Host: double USB port for external mouse and keyboard
10BaseT: RJ45 connector for LAN connection
USB Peripheral: USB port for future applications
Stereo IN: Stereo input for future applications
Stereo OUT: Stereo output for future applications
Ref.IN: BNC connector for reference clock input
Ref.OUT: BNC connector for reference clock output
RS-232C: DB9 connector for serial RS232C interface
Audio IN/OUT: Audio Input/Output for external headset (future applications)
External 18VDC power input: To connect an adapter/charger (mains)
Issue 8 - 06/07
A1-1
A1
Platform
Reference Clock
Reference clock input (Ref.IN Connector)
Coded signals: E1 (0 dB), E1(-20 dB), T1 (0 dB), T1 (-20 dB). Line attenuation compensation up to 6dB
Clock signals: 1544 kHz, 2048 kHz, any clock signal from 64 kHz to 10 MHz multiple of 8 kHz. Level: 0.5 to 2.5 Vpp
Slots
Two Compact Flash Slots type 2
One Expansion Slot for future applications
Audio
Built-in Microphone
Built-in speaker
LEDs
Front panel
Side panel
LK: Detection of LAN
PW: Power
Remote Control
Via SW Application and TCP/IP connection through the RJ-45 10BaseT connector
Remote GUI is identical to local GUI
Files/Export
Reports: To be printed to a file or external serial printer. ASCII plain text or CSV
Results: To be displayed (histograms and time graphs) on the screen
Configurations: To configure the tester automatically
Screenshots: JPEG files of GUI screens
Files can be downloaded to a computer from Victoria Combo by using a standard browser and a TCP/IP connection
Files can be transferred from the internal memory to a Compact Flash memory card
Files can be loaded from an external Compact Flash memory card to the internal memory of Victoria Combo
Connectivity
Ethernet (through RJ-45 10BaseT connector)
Wireless LAN (through WL card in anyone of Compact Flash slots)
Serial connection (through RS232C connector)
A1-2
218800
Platform
A1
Internal Browser
Application No1: On-line manual
Application No.2: Access to a set of per-selected support links
SW Upgrade
Through an Internet connection to a specific Trend website
Through compact flash memory microdrive card
Switch-Off modes
Standard: Switch to off-state, the next switch off forces the SW boot process
Sleep mode: Switch to a low-consumption state; the switch on from this state is instantaneous
User-replaceable batteries
Battery charging time (1 or 2 pack): 2 hours (85% of charge) to 3 hours (98% or charge)
Battery type: 4.1Ah, 14.8 V Lithium-Ion (Li-Ion); one or two battery packs
Two battery compartments: One in the Front Module, and an additional one in the Rear Module to extend the
operating time or making possible the replacement with the tester switched on
Battery operating time: depending on the number and type of modules (typ.: 1 to 2 hour with one battery pack and
one SDH/SONET 10Gbit/s module)
Safety
Electrical safety: EN60950
Electromagnetic Compatibility
Radiated EMI: EN55022
Electromagnetic Emission:
- EN61000-3-2
- EN61000-3-3
Immunity to EMI:
- EN61000-4-2 (ESD)
- EN61000-4-3 (RFI)
- EN61000-4-4
- EN61000-4-5
- EN61000-4-6
- EN61000-4-11
Environmental conditions
Operates from 0 to 45 C
Operates from 0 to 30 with 90 to 100% of relative humidity
Storage: -25 to +70 C
Humidity: 5 to 90%, without condensation
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A1-3
A1
Platform
A1-4
218800
10G Module
A1.2
A1
10G Module
Optical Interfaces
Modes
Standard (SDH/SONET termination)
Through mode for all the interfaces
SDH
General
According to G.707 and O.181
Programmable content of tributaries not being tested
Mappings
C-4-64c in STM-64
C-4-16c in STM-64
C-4-4c in STM-64
C-4 in STM-64
Programmable Bytes
Edition and display in hexadecimal or by descriptor
RSOH: All the RSOH bytes
MSOH: Columns in positions 1, 4 and 7 of every STM-1 tributary, rows 5 to 9 excepting B1, B2 and M0-M1 and bits
6 to 8 of K2. In first STM-1 tributary page: D4-D12, S1, Z1, Z2, E2
HO-POH (VC-4, VC-3): J1, C2, G1, H4, K3, N1
Path Trace
Generation, analysis and expected 16- and 64-byte messages in J0, J1
Errors
Insertion and detection of FAS error, OOF, B1, B2, MS-REI, HP-B3, HP-REI, slips (detection) and bit errors (TSE)
Insertion mode: single, burst, repetitive burst and rate (Mx10 -N with M, N programmable. M= 0.9, 1, 1.1; N= 3, 4,
5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
Alarms
Insertion and detection of LOS, LOF, RS-TIM, MS-AIS, MSF-AIS, MS-RDI, AU-AIS, AU-LOP, HP-UNEQ, HP-RDI,
HP-TIM, HP-PLM, RFI, LSS, AIS pattern
Insertion mode: continuous, burst of M frames with alarm, repetitive M/N burst
Repetitive M/N burst applies to: OOF, LOF, MS-AIS, AU-AIS, AU-LOP, HP-RDI
Pointer Events
Increment, decrement, manual value with or without NDF, invalid pointer in AU-4, AU-4-4c, AU-4-16c and AU-464c
G.783/O.172 pointer sequences
Programming of SS bits
TCM
Generation and analysis of N1
Events generated: TC-IEC, TC-OEI, TC-REI, TC-AIS, TC-LTC, TC-UNEQ, TC-ODI, TC-RDI, TC-TIM
Detection, display, performance calculation and storage of events: TC-IEC, TC-OEI, TC-REI, TC-AIS, TC-LTC, TCUNEQ, TC-ODI, TC-RDI, TC-TIM
B3 compensation
Analysis and generation of APId (Access Point Identifier)
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A1-5
A1
10G Module
Frame OH Capture
Capture of OH bytes on several consecutive frames
Capture Resolution: 1 frame
Types of capture (selectable): continuous (display of OH bytes), manual, triggered by event (MS-AIS, AU-AIS, MSRDI), triggered by byte value detection (equal, different or byte mask)
Type of capture mode by trigger starting from trigger detection: pre-trigger (N previous frames), post-trigger (Next
N frames), centred (N/2 previous and (N-1)/2 next frames)
FEC (C10FEC)
According to G.707 (In-Band FEC)
Generation: correct FEC blocs, correctable FEC blocs
Analysis: correct FEC blocs, errored correctable FEC blocs, errored uncorrectable FEC blocs, total errored FEC
blocs
SONET
General
According to ANSI.105-1995 and Telcordia GR.253
Programmable content of tributaries not being tested
Mappings
Programmable Bytes
Display of all bytes and edition in hexadecimal or by descriptor of:
SOH: A1, A2, J0, C1
LOH: Columns in positions 1, 4 and 7 of every OC-3 tributary, rows 5 to 9 excepting B1, B2 and M0-M1 and bits 6
to 8 of K2. In first OC-3 tributary page: D4-D12, S1, Z1, Z2, E2
STS-POH: J1, C2, G1, H4, K3, Z5
Errors
Insertion and detection of FAS error, SEF, B1, B2, REI-L, STS-B3, REI-P, slips (detection) and bit errors (TSE)
Insertion mode: single, burst, repetitive burst and rate (Mx10 -N with M, N programmable. M= 0.9, 1, 1.1; N= 3, 4,
5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
Alarms
Insertion and detection of LOS, LOF, TIM-S, AIS-L, RDI-L, AIS-P, LOP-P, UNEQ-P, RDI-P, TIM-P, PLM-P, LSS, pattern
AIS
Insertion mode: continuous, burst of M frames with alarm, repetitive M/N burst
Repetitive M/N burst applies to: SEF, LOF, AIS-L, AIS-P, LOP-P, RDI-P
Pointer Events
Increment, decrement, manual value with or without NDF, invalid pointer in STS-192c SPE, STS-48c SPE, STS-12c
SPE and STS-3c SPE
G.783/O.172 pointer sequences
Programming of SS bits
TCM
Generation and analysis of N1
Events generated: TC-IEC, TC-OEI, TC-REI, TC-AIS, TC-LTC, TC-UNEQ, TC-ODI, TC-RDI, TC-TIM
Detection, display, performance calculation and storage of events: TC-IEC, TC-OEI, TC-REI, TC-AIS, TC-LTC, TCUNEQ, TC-ODI, TC-RDI, TC-TIM
B3 compensation
Analysis and generation of APId (Access Point Identifier)
A1-6
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10G Module
A1
Frame OH Capture
Capture of OH bytes on several consecutive frames
Capture Resolution: 1 frame
Types of capture (selectable): continuous (display of OH bytes), manual, triggered by event (AIS-L, AIS-P, RDI-L),
triggered by byte value detection (equal, different or byte mask)
Type of capture mode by trigger starting from trigger detection: pre-trigger (N previous frames), post-trigger (Next
N frames), centred (N/2 previous and (N-1)/2 next frames)
Test Patterns
Functions
Results
Counters, errored seconds and rate for all events: errors, alarms and pointer events
Trace
Events are shown graphically in time plots and histograms that have advanced filter, identification and quantization
functions and a zoom from 1 s to 1 h
Performance
Performance measurements in line with ITU-T M.2101, M.2110, M.2120, G.826, G.828 and G.829. Counter, rate,
unavailability and PASS/FAIL indication of compliance with programmed objectives
Auto Configuration
Mapping of the incoming signal
PRBS
FastScan
Search the incoming signal for all types of errors, alarms and events
Transparency Test
Generation and analysis of PRBS pattern in DCC channels or E1, E2, F1, N1 and N2 bytes
Bit error counter, rate and errored seconds
Seconds with alarm counter for LSS
APS
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A1-7
A1
10G Module
Frequency Measurement
In bit/s with deviation in ppm
ITU-T/ANSI in-range or out-of-range indication
General
Dimensions (w x h x d): 270 x 220 x 50.8 mm
Weigh: 1,3 kg
Safety
Electrical safety: EN60950
Electromagnetic Compatibility
Radiated EMI: EN55022
Electromagnetic Emission:
- EN61000-3-2
- EN61000-3-3
Immunity to EMI:
- EN61000-4-2 (ESD)
- EN61000-4-3 (RFI)
- EN61000-4-4
- EN61000-4-5
- EN61000-4-6
- EN61000-4-11
Environmental conditions
Operates from 0 to 45 C
Storage: -25 to +70 C
Humidity: 5 to 90%, without condensation
A1-8
218800
2.5G Module
A1.3
A1
2.5G Module
Electrical Interfaces
BNC (default), DIN 1.6/5.6 (option C25DIN55)
Rates: 2048 kbit/s HDB3 and AMI, 8448 kbit/s HDB3 and AMI, 34368 kbit/s HDB3, 139264 kbit/s CMI, 155520
kbit/s CMI
Optional: 1544 kbit/s B8ZS and AMI (option C25554), 44736 kbit/s B3ZS & AMI (option C25552), DS3-HI and
DSX-3 pulses (with AD045 accessory), 51840 kbit/s B3ZS (option C25551)
Balanced Bantam (accessory AD300), Siemens (accessory AD320) and RJ48 (accessory AD322) for 1544 kbit/s and
2048 kbit/s
Interfaces according to G.703, ANSI T1.102 and G.772
Gain: 0, 20, 26, 30 dB from 1544 kbit/s to 51840 kbit/s; 0, 20, 26 dB for 139264 kbit/s and 0, 20 dB for 155520 kbit/s
Optical Interfaces
Built-in, field-removable connectors for 155520 kbit/s, 622080 kbit/s and 2488320 kbit/s
Interfaces according to the ITU-T G.957 L-16.1 (1310nm) and L-16.2 (1550nm)
FC (default), SC (option C25SC) or ST (option C25ST) connectors
Automatic disconnection of the receiver for overload protection
1310 nm transmitter (modules C25C1, C25C4) and 1550 nm transmitter (modules C25C2, C25C4)
Via external optical micromodules fed by the equipment for 34368 kbit/s (option C255531), 51840 kbit/s (option
C255511), and 155520 kbit/s
Modes
Standard (SDH/SONET/PDH/T-Carrier termination)
Through mode for all the interfaces
SDH
General
According to G.707 and O.181
Programmable content of tributaries not being tested
Mappings
C-4-16c in STM-16
C-4-4c in STM-4 and STM-16
C-4 (unstructured or with framed E4) in STM-1, STM-4 and STM-16.
C-3 (unstructured or with framed E3 or DS3) in STM-0, STM-1, STM-4 and STM-16 (both with an AU-3 or AU-4)
C-12 (unstructured or with framed E1, asynchronous or byte synchronous) in STM-0, STM-1, STM-4 and STM-16
C-11 (unstructured or with framed DS1) in STM-0, STM-1, STM-4 or STM-16
Programmable Bytes
Issue 8 - 06/07
A1-9
A1
2.5G Module
Errors
Insertion and detection of ECOD, EFAS, OOF, B1, B2, MS-REI, HP-B3, HP-REI, LP-B3, LP-REI, BIP-2, slips
(detection) and bit errors (TSE)
Insertion mode: single, burst, repetitive burst and rate (Mx10 -N with M, N programmable. M= 0.9, 1, 1.1; N= 3, 4,
5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
Alarms
Insertion and detection of LOS, LOF, RS-TIM, MS-AIS, MS-RDI, AU-AIS, AU-LOP, HP-UNEQ, HP-RDI, HP-TIM,
HP-PLM, TU-LOM, TU-AIS, TU-LOP, LP-UNEQ, LP-RDI, RFI, LP-TIM, LP-PLM, LSS, pattern AIS
Insertion mode: continuous, burst of M frames with alarm, repetitive M/N burst
Repetitive M/N burst applies to: OOF, LOF, MS-AIS, AU-AIS, AU-LOP, HP-RDI, TU-LOM, TU-AIS, TU-LOP, LP-RDI
Pointer Events
Increment, decrement, manual value with or without NDF, invalid pointer in AU-4, AU-3, TU-3, TU-2, TU-12 and
TU-11
G.783/O.172 pointer sequences
Programming of SS bits
TCM
Generation and analysis of N1 and N2
Events generated: TC-IEC, TC-OEI, TC-REI, TC-AIS, TC-LTC, TC-UNEQ, TC-ODI, TC-RDI, TC-TIM
Detection, display, performance calculation and storage of events: TC-IEC, TC-OEI, TC-REI, TC-AIS, TC-LTC, TCUNEQ, TC-ODI, TC-RDI, TC-TIM
B3 or BIP-2 compensation
Analysis and generation of APId (Access Point Identifier)
SONET
General
According to ANSI.105-1995 and Telcordia GR.253
Programmable content of tributaries not being tested
Mappings
STS-48c
STS -12c
STS-3c bulk or with framed E4
STS-1 bulk or with framed DS3 or E3
VT-2 bulk or with framed E1 (asynchronous or byte synchronous)
VT-1.5 bulk or with framed DS1
Programmable Bytes
Alarms
Insertion and detection of LOS, LOF, TIM-S, AIS-L, RDI-L, AIS-P, LOP-P, UNEQ-P, RDI-P, TIM-P, PLM-P, LOM-V, AISV, LOP-V, UNEQ-V, RDI-V, RFI-V, TIM-V, PLM-V, LSS, pattern AIS
Insertion mode: continuous, burst of M frames with alarm, repetitive M/N burst
Repetitive M/N burst applies to: SEF, LOF, AIS-L, AIS-P, LOP-P, RDI-P, LOM-V, AIS-V, LOP-V, RDI-V
A1-10
218800
2.5G Module
A1
Pointer Events
Increment, decrement, manual value with or without NDF, invalid pointer in STS-3c, STS-1, VT-2, VT-1.5
G.783/O.172 pointer sequences
Programming of SS bits
TCM
Generation and analysis of N1 and N2
Events generated: TC-IEC, TC-OEI, TC-REI, TC-AIS, TC-LTC, TC-UNEQ, TC-ODI, TC-RDI, TC-TIM
Detection, display, performance calculation and storage of events: TC-IEC, TC-OEI, TC-REI, TC-AIS, TC-LTC, TCUNEQ, TC-ODI, TC-RDI, TC-TIM
B3 or BIP-2 compensation
Analysis and generation of APId (Access Point Identifier)
PDH
Structure
140 and 8 Mbit/s according to G.751, G.742, G.704, framed and unframed
34 Mbit/s according to G.751 or optionally according to G.832 for transporting 14 TU-12s (options C25553,
C255531), or unframed
PCM30/31 frame structure with/without CRC for 2 Mbit/s signals. Test signal in 64 or N x 64 kbit/s. CAS signalling:
setup and display of the CAS multiframe and spare bits of frame 0
Errors
Insertion and detection of code errors, FAS errors, CRC errors, REBE, slips (detection) and bit errors (TSE)
For G.832 framing in 34 Mbit/s, insertion and detection of EM, REI, LP-REI, BIP-2
Insertion mode: single, burst, repetitive burst and rate (Mx10 -N with M, N programmable. M= 0.9, 1, 1.1; N= 3, 4,
5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
Alarms
Insertion (continuous mode) and detection of LOS, AIS, LOF, RAI, CRC-LOM, MAIS, CAS-LOM, MRAI, LSS and AIS
pattern
For G.832 framing in 34 Mbit/s, insertion and detection of OOF, LOF, TIM, RDI, UNEQ, PLM, TU-AIS, TU-LOP,
TU-LOM, LP-UNEQ, LP-RDI, RFI, LP-TIM, LP-PLM. Insertion mode: continuous, burst of M frames with alarm,
repetitive M/N burst.
45 Mbit/s
Structure
Framed M13 and C-bit according to G.752, G.704, also unframed
Errors
Insertion and detection of BPV, M-BIT, F-PAR, P-PAR, C-PAR, FEBE, slips (detection) and bit errors (TSE)
Insertion mode: single, burst, repetitive burst and rate (Mx10 -N with M, N programmable. M= 0.9, 1, 1.1; N= 3, 4,
5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
Alarms
Insertion (continuous mode) and detection of LOS, AIS, LOF, Blue Alarm, IDLE, RAI (Yellow Alarm), LSS and AIS
pattern
1.5 Mbit/s
Structure
SF & ESF framing according to ANSI T1-400-1995, SLC-96 framing according to Telcordia TR-TSY-00008, and also
unframed
Fractional DS1: DS1 with test pattern in N x 64 & N x 56 kbit/s
Errors
Insertion and detection of BPV, EFAS, ECRC, slips (detection) and bit errors (TSE)
Insertion mode: single, burst, repetitive burst and rate (Mx10 -N with M, N programmable. M= 0.9, 1, 1.1; N= 3, 4,
5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
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2.5G Module
Alarms
Insertion (continuous mode) and detection of LOS, LOF, RAI, LSS and line AIS
Signalling
Generation and analysis of Robbed Bit signalling
Generation and analysis of Data Link messages in
ESF & SLC-96 framing
Test Patterns
The following test patterns can be generated:
PRBS11, PRBS15, PRBS20, PRBS23, PRBS31: normal or inverted
Word: user defined, all zeros, all ones, 1010, 1000 and 1100
Functions
Results
Counters, errored seconds and rate for all events: errors, alarms and pointer events
Trace
Events are shown graphically in time plots and histograms that have advanced filter, identification and quantization
functions and a zoom from 1 s to 1 h
Performance
Performance measurements in line with ITU-T G.821, M.2100, M.2101, M.2110, M.2120, G.826, G.828 and G.829.
Counter, rate, unavailability and PASS/FAIL indication of compliance with programmed objectives
Auto Configuration
Identification of the incoming signal parameters: network (SDH, SONET, T-Carrier, PDH or G.832), bit rate, line
code, optimal gain, frame structure, mapping
PRBS test pattern
FastScan
Search the incoming signal for all types of errors, alarms and events
Transparency Test
Generation and analysis of PRBS pattern in DCC channels or E1, E2, F1, N1 and N2 bytes
Bit error counter, rate and errored seconds
Seconds with alarm counter for LSS
APS
Frequency Measurement
In bit/s with deviation in ppm
ITU-T/ANSI in-range or out-of-range indication
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2.5G Module
A1
General
Dimensions (w x h x d): 270 x 220 x 50.8 mm
Weigh: 1.37 kg
Safety
Electrical safety: EN60950
Electromagnetic Compatibility
Radiated EMI: EN55022
Electromagnetic Emission:
- EN61000-3-2
- EN61000-3-3
Immunity to EMI:
- EN61000-4-2 (ESD)
- EN61000-4-3 (RFI)
- EN61000-4-4
- EN61000-4-5
- EN61000-4-6
- EN61000-4-11
Environmental conditions
Operates from 0 to 45 C
Storage: -25 to +70 C
Humidity: 5 to 90%, without condensation
Issue 8 - 06/07
A1-13
A1
A1.4
NG 2.5G Module
NG 2.5G Module
Interfaces
Electrical Interfaces
BNC (default), DIN 1.6/5.6 (option C25DIN55)
Rates: 2048 kbit/s HDB3 and AMI, 8448 kbit/s HDB3 and AMI, 34368 kbit/s HDB3, 139264 kbit/s CMI, 155520
kbit/s CMI
Optional: 1544 kbit/s B8ZS and AMI (option C25554), 44736 kbit/s B3ZS & AMI (option C25552), DS3-HI and
DSX-3 pulses (with AD045 accessory), 51840 kbit/s B3ZS (option C25551)
Balanced Bantam (accessory AD300), Siemens (accessory AD320) and RJ48 (accessory AD322) for 1544 kbit/s and
2048 kbit/s
Interfaces according to G.703, ANSI T1.102 and G.772
Gain: 0, 20, 26, 30 dB from 1544 kbit/s to 51840 kbit/s; 0, 20, 26 dB for 139264 kbit/s and 0, 20 dB for 155520 kbit/s
Optical Interfaces
Built-in, field-removable connectors for 155520 kbit/s, 622080 kbit/s and 2488320 kbit/s
Interfaces according to the ITU-T G.957 L-16.1 and L-16.2
FC (default), SC or ST (optional) connectors
Automatic disconnection of the receiver for overload protection
1310 nm and 1550 nm transmitter
Frequency Measurement
In Hertz and bit/s with deviation in ppm
ITU-T/ANSI in-range or out-of-range indication
PDH
Structure
140 and 8 Mbit/s according to G.751, G.742, G.704, framed and unframed
34 Mbit/s according to G.751 or optionally according to G.832 for transporting 14 TU-12s (options C25553,
C255531), or unframed
PCM30/31 frame structure with/without CRC for 2 Mbit/s signals. Test signal in 64 or N x 64 kbit/s. CAS signalling:
setup and display of the CAS multiframe and spare bits of frame 0
Errors
Insertion and detection of code errors, FAS errors, CRC errors, REBE, slips (detection) and bit errors (TSE)
For G.832 framing in 34 Mbit/s, insertion and detection of EM, REI, LP-REI, BIP-2
Insertion mode: single, burst, repetitive burst and rate (Mx10 -N with M, N programmable. M= 0.9, 1, 1.1; N= 3, 4,
5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
Alarms
Insertion (continuous mode) and detection of LOS, AIS, LOF, RAI, CRC-LOM, MAIS, CAS-LOM, MRAI, LSS and AIS
pattern
For G.832 framing in 34 Mbit/s, insertion and detection of OOF, LOF, TIM, RDI, UNEQ, PLM, TU-AIS, TU-LOP,
TU-LOM, LP-UNEQ, LP-RDI, RFI, LP-TIM, LP-PLM. Insertion mode: continuous, burst of M frames with alarm,
repetitive M/N burst.
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NG 2.5G Module
A1
45 Mbit/s
Structure
Framed M13 and C-bit according to G.752, G.704, also unframed
Errors
Insertion and detection of BPV, M-BIT, F-PAR, P-PAR, C-PAR, FEBE, slips (detection) and bit errors (TSE)
Insertion mode: single, burst, repetitive burst and rate (Mx10 -N with M, N programmable. M= 0.9, 1, 1.1; N= 3, 4,
5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
Alarms
Insertion (continuous mode) and detection of LOS, AIS, LOF, Blue Alarm, IDLE, RAI (Yellow Alarm), LSS and AIS
pattern
1.5 Mbit/s
Structure
SF & ESF framing according to ANSI T1-400-1995, SLC-96 framing according to Telcordia TR-TSY-00008, and also
unframed
Fractional DS1: DS1 with test pattern in N x 64 & N x 56 kbit/s
Errors
Insertion and detection of BPV, EFAS, ECRC, slips (detection) and bit errors (TSE)
Insertion mode: single, burst, repetitive burst and rate (Mx10 -N with M, N programmable. M= 0.9, 1, 1.1; N= 3, 4,
5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
Alarms
Insertion (continuous mode) and detection of LOS, LOF, RAI, LSS and line AIS
Signalling
Generation and analysis of Robbed Bit signalling
Generation and analysis of Data Link messages in
ESF & SLC-96 framing
SDH
General
As specified by G.707 and O.181
Programmable content of tributaries not being tested
Mappings
The information carried by the container being tested, whatever its structure, can be:
- Container filled with a test sequence (bulk container)
- GFP frames mapped in the selected container
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NG 2.5G Module
Virtual Concatenation
Selection of the virtual containers (VC-x) that are members of the VCG:
- HO-VCG: VC-3, VC-4
- LO-VCG: VC-11, VC-12, VC-2
- Indication of total capacity provided by resultant payload
Generation and analysis of path layer overhead (POH) for every member of the VCG (see Programmable bytes
sector below details of POH bytes)
- F2 byte carried by the member VC-n[1] of VCG. F2 byte of remaining members VC-n[2...X] is set to 00h
- F3 byte carried by the member VC-n[1] of VCG. F3 byte of remaining members VC-n[2..X] is set to 00h
- K3 byte carried by the member VC-n[1] of VCG. K3 byte of remaining members VC-n[2...X] is set to 00h
Specific generation and analysis of H4 POH byte for every member in a HO-VCG:
- H4 byte with multi-frame indication and sequence indication (SQ) carried by members of a virtual concatenation
group
- SQ value assigned to every member of the VCG is user programmable (if LCAS is disabled)
Specific generation and analysis of K4 POH byte for every member in a LO-VCG:
- K4 byte with multi-frame indication and sequence indication (SQ) carried by members of a virtual concatenation
group
- SQ value assigned to every member of the VCG is user programmable (if LCAS is disabled)
Differential Delay
- Emulation and compensation of differential delay between individual members of a VCG
- Display of maximum differential delay at the receiver
Generation and analysis of the following defects related to the alignment process in a VCG (per member)
- Loss of virtual concatenation multi-frame (LOM) in a specific VC-n. Out of Multiframe 1 (OO1) or Out of
Multiframe 2 (OO2) in a HO-VCG member or simple OOM in a LO-VCG member. Indication of the specific VCn where the defect or anomaly is detected
- Sequence Number Mismatch (SQM) (if LCAS is disabled)
- Loss of Alignment (LOA)
- Severe Signal Fail (SSF) alarm display when a VCG is affected and cannot be recovered
Programmable Bytes
Errors
Insertion and detection of ECOD, EFAS, OOF, B1, B2, MS-REI, HP-B3, HP-REI, LP-B3, LP-REI, BIP-2, slips and bit
errors
Insertion mode: single, burst, repetitive burst and rate
(1.1 x 10-3 to 0.9 x 10-9 s)
Alarms
Insertion and detection of LOS, LOF, RS-TIM, MS-AIS, MS-RDI, AU-AIS, AU-LOP, HP-UNEQ, HP-RDI, HP-TIM,
HP-PLM, TU-LOM, TU-AIS, TU-LOP, LP-UNEQ, LP-RDI, RFI, LP-TIM, LP-PLM, LSS, pattern AIS
Insertion mode: continuous, burst of M frames with alarm, repetitive M/N burst
Pointer Events
Increment, decrement, manual value with or without NDF, invalid pointer in AU-4, AU-3, TU-3, TU-2, TU-12 and
TU-11
G.783/O.172 pointer sequences
Programming of SS bits
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218800
NG 2.5G Module
A1
SONET
General
As specified by ANSI 105-1995 and Telcordia GR.253
Programmable content of tributaries not being tested
Mappings
The information carried by the container being tested, whatever its structure, can be:
- Container filled with a test sequence (bulk container)
- GFP frames mapped in the selected container
Standard Containers
STS-48c
STS-2c
STS-3c bulk or with framed E4
STS-1 bulk or with framed DS3 or E3
VT-2 bulk or with framed E1 (asynchronous or byte synchronous)
VT-1.5 bulk or with framed DS1
Virtual Concatenation
Equivalent to SDH specification
Programmable Bytes
Errors
Insertion and detection of ECOD, EFAS, SEF, B1, B2, REI-L, STS-B3, REI-P, VT-B3, REI-V, BIP-2, slip and bit errors
Insertion mode: single, burst, repetitive burst and rate
(1.1 x 10-3 to 0.9 x 10-9 s)
Alarms
Insertion and detection of LOS, LOF, TIM-S, AIS-L, RDI-L, AIS-P, LOP-P, UNEQ-P, RDI-P, TIM-P, PLM-P, LOM-V, AISV, LOP-V, UNEQ-V, RDI-V, RFI-V, TIM-V, PLM-V, LSS, pattern AIS
Insertion mode: continuous, burst of M frames with alarm, repetitive M/N burst
Pointer Events
Increment, decrement, manual value with or without NDF, invalid pointer in STS-3c, STS-1, VT-2, VT-1.5
G.783/O.172 pointer sequences
Programming of SS bits
SONET/SDH Tests
Performance
Performance measurements as specified in ITU-T G.821, M.2100, M.2101.1, G.826, G.828 and G.829. Counter, rate,
unavailability and PASS/FAIL indication of compliance with programmed objectives
Transparency Test
Generation and analysis of PRBS pattern in DCC channels or E1, E2, F1, N1 and N2 bytes
Bit error counter, rate and errored seconds
Seconds with alarm counter for LSS
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NG 2.5G Module
APS
TCM
Generation and analysis of N1 and N2
Events generated: TC-IEC, TC-OEI, TC-REI, TC-AIS, TC-LTC, TC-UNEQ, TC-ODI, TC-RDI, TC-TIM
Detection, display, performance calculation and storage of events: TC-IEC, TC-OEI, TC-REI, TC-AIS, TC-LTC, TCUNEQ, TC-ODI, TC-RDI, TC-TIM
B3 or BIP-2 compensation
Analysis and generation of APId (Access Point Identifier)
Source Side
LCAS source state machine for every member of VCG Tx
User initiation of the increase or decrease the capacity of the VCG:
- ADD Direct Command: simultaneous selection of multiple individual members being added to VCG
- REMOVE Direct Command: simultaneous selection of multiple individual members being deleted from VCG
Indication of the current state machine for each member: IDLE, NORM, DNU, ADD, REMOVE
Indication of Member Status (MST) field value received from Sink for every member: OK, FAIL-12 and Indication of
Control (CTRL) field value transmitted for every member: ADD, NORM, EOS, IDLE, DNU
Indication/Programming of the Group Identification bit (GID) value and Sequence Indicator (SQ) field value for
every member
Number of Re-Sequence Acknowledge (RS-ACK) messages received
Sink Side
LCAS source state machine implemented for every member of VCG being analysed
Indication of the current state machine for each member: IDLE, NORM, DNU, ADD, REMOVE
Indication of Control (CTRL) field value received for every member: ADD, NORM, EOS, IDLE, DNU
Indication of the Group Identification bit (GID) value and Sequence Indicator (SQ) field values received for every
member
Indication of Member Status (MST) field value transmitted to Source end for every member: OK, FAIL,
Programmable MST field value transmitted to the Source end for every member
Number of Re-Sequence Acknowledge (RS-ACK) messages transmitted
PDH/T-Carrier
Generation/analysis capabilities of PDH/T-Carrier structures mapped into containers carried by a SDH/SONET
signal are similar to those provided by STM-16 module
Generation/analysis capabilities of PDH/T-Carrier electrical signals are available only if electrical interfaces option is
specified when ordering the NG 2.5G module. See the datasheet for Victoria Combo STM-16/OC-48 module for
detailed technical data)
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NG 2.5G Module
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Frame generation/analysis
Actions
Generation of Client Signal Fail (CSF) frames
- This Client Management frames is transmitted once every 100ms<T<1s
- Loss of Client Signal (PTI=100, PFI=0, UPI=0000 0001)
- Loss of Client Character Synchronization (PTI=100, PFI=0, UPI=0000 0010)
Insertion of Loss of Frame Delineation (LFD)
Insertion of GFP header and FCS errors:
- Insertion modes: Single, burst, rate
- cHEC: single bit error or multiple bit error
- tHEC: single bit error or multiple bit error eHEC (if present): single error or multiple bit error
- FCS: single bit error or multiple bit error
Insertion of errors in GFP-T mode
- Insertion modes: single, burst M, rate
- Insertion of 10B_ERR code control character
- Insertion of CRC-16 super block error: single bit error or multiple bit error
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NG 2.5G Module
Results
Event analysis
- Errors: cHEC, cHEC corrected, tHEC, eHEC, FCS
- Alarms: LFD, CSF indicating its type (LCS, LCCS)
Analysis of GFP bandwidth: Current, Max., Min., Mean values (bps) and % utilization of container capacity
Indication of frame structure received: if extension header is present and type of transport mode
Analysis of GFP bandwidth of specific client (CID) if extension header is present: Current, Max., Min., Mean values
(bps) % utilization of container capacity
Number of received frames
GFP frame size statistics: Max, Min, Mean
GFP-T mode errors:
- Superblocks [536, 520] with CRC-16 errored
- Superblocks [536, 520] with CRC-16 corrected
- 10B_ERR control characters
Frame generation/analysis
Ethernet header fields editing:
- MAC source and destination addresses
- VLAN_id and priority values
- EtherType value
802.2 LLC header fields:
- SSAP
- DSAP
- Ctrl
- SNAP
Selection of Ethernet MAC payload information:
- Tests sequence
- QoS information; Sequence Number and Time Stamp
- IP packet with editing of IP addresses
Ethernet Frame Size definition:
- 64-1518 bytes without VLAN tag
- 64-1522 bytes with VLAN tag
- Jumbo frames: 9000 bytes (Ethernet II with LLC)
Traffic Pattern profile definition:
Constant (bps, frames/s,% container capacity): 0-1 Gbps
Burst with PIR, CIR, MBS parameters
Actions
Generation of FCS errors: single bit or multiple bit, mode: single, burst, rate
Results
MAC layer statistics: number of frames Tx, number of octets Tx, number of frames Rx, number of octets Rx,
number of VLAN frames Rx, number of unicast frames Rx, number of multicast frames Rx number of broadcast
frames Rx, number of Jumbo frames received
MAC layer errors: Alignment errors, Oversize errors, Fragments, FCS errors, Undersize errors, Frames too long,
Length/ Type out of range errors, In range Length errors
Analysis of bandwidth:
Ethernet frame size statistics: average & histogram
Analysis of performance:
- Frame Loss: number and rate
- Frame transfer Delay: Max, Min, Mean
- Frame Delay variation: Max, Min, Mean
- Time between frames (IAT): Max, Min, Mean
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NG 2.5G Module
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Test Patterns
The following test patterns can be generated:
PRBS11, PRBS15, PRBS20, PRBS23, PRBS31: normal or inverted
Word: user defined, all zeros, all ones, 1010, 1000 and 1100
Trace
Events are shown graphically in time plots and histograms that have advanced filter, identification and quantification
functions and a zoom from 1 s to 1 h
Functions
Auto configuration
Identification of the incoming signal parameters: network (SDH, SONET), bit rate, line code, optimal gain, frame
structure, map-ping
FastScan
Search the incoming signal for all types of errors, alarms and events in the SDH/SONET structure
General
Safety
Electrical safety: EN60950
Electromagnetic Compatibility
Radiated EMI: EN55022
Electromagnetic Emission:
- EN61000-3-2
- EN61000-3-3
Immunity to EMI:
- EN61000-4-2 (ESD)
- EN61000-4-3 (RFI)
- EN61000-4-4
- EN61000-4-5
- EN61000-4-6
- EN61000-4-11
Environmental conditions
Operates from 0 to 45 C
Storage: -25 to +70 C
Issue 8 - 06/07
A1-21
A1
NG 2.5G Module
A1-22
218800
Jitter/Wander Module
A1.5
A1
Jitter/Wander Module
E1 (2048 Kbit/s)
E2 (8448 Kbit/s)
E3 (34368 Kbit/s)
E4 (139264 Kbit/s)
Jitter/Wander specs as per ITU-T G.825 for PDH interfaces
T-Carrier
DS-3 (44736 Kbit/s)
Jitter/Wander as per ITU-T G824 for T-Carrier interfaces
SDH/SONET
STM-1 (155520 Kbit/s)
- Optical: Jitter/Wander as per ITU-T G.825
- Electrical: Jitter/Wander as per ITU-T G.823
STM-4 (622080 Kbit/s)
- Optical: Jitter/Wander as per ITU-T G.825
STM-16 (2488320 Kbit/s)
- Optical: Jitter/Wander as per ITU-T G.825
Jitter Generator
According to ITU O.171 and ITU O.172
For checking the conformance to ITU-T G.823, G.824, G.825 and G.783
Frequency offset: +/- 20.000 ppm
Jitter modulation:
- Sinusoidal
- Amplitude range: 5mUIpp to 1000 UIpp (O.172 0.2 to 800UIpp)
- Amplitude step: 5mUIpp
- Frequency range: 0.1Hz (extended range) to 20MHz (O.172)
- Frequency step: 0.1Hz
- Modulation amplitude versus frequency: according O.171 and O.172 minimum
Accuracy: according ITU O.171 and O.172
Smooth amplitude changes transient.
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Jitter/Wander Module
Jitter Analyzer
General
According to ITU O.171 and ITU O.172
For checking the conformance to ITU-T G.823, G.824, G.825 and G.783
Jitter demodulated output as per 9.6.1 in O.17214.
- UIpp/Volt depending on scale
- 75 Ohm output.
Demodulator status indicator: lock, unlock, no clock, wait, clip.
Maximum carrier frequency deviation: +/- 1000 ppm
Results
Measurement Filters
Measurement filters according ITU O.171 and ITU O.172. Single simultaneous measurement result.
- OFF (Measurement filters disabled)
- LP
- B1 (LP + HP1)
- B2 (LP + HP2)
- RMS. High pass -3dB @ 12KHz, 20dB/dec.
LP filters: 40 kHz, 100 kHz, 400 kHz, 800 kHz, 1.3 MHz, 3.5 MHz, 5 MHz, 20MHz
HP filters: 2Hz (O.171), 10Hz, 20Hz, 100Hz, 200Hz, 500Hz, 700Hz (2 Mbit/s high Q ITU and ETSI), 1KHz, 5KHz,
250KHz, 1MHz
HP filters ETSI: 4Hz, 40Hz, 400Hz
Filters accuracy according to ITU-T O.171 and O.172
14. The outgoing signal is the jitter (or wander) modulation of the analysed signal. The outgoing signal is always present at
the output interface, so it is not necessary to perform any previous setup by means of the GUI. The analog output makes it
possible to perform measurements on the jitter modulating signal, by means of external instruments.
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Jitter Tolerance
According ITU O.171 and ITU O.172
Independent transmit and receive rates can be selected
Jitter Tolerance Masks for pass/fail test:
- ITU-T Standard: G.823, G.824, G.825
- Telcordia GR253
- User-editable
Onset of Errors measurement criterion:
- Programmable Error Source
- Programmable Setting Time15
- Programmable Gate Time16
Jitter Fast Tolerance17
Programmable observation window
A Tolerance measurement file is automatically generated at the end of the measurement
Jitter Transfer
According ITU-T O.171 and ITU-T O.172
Wide band measurement.
Independent transmit and receive rates can be selected
Programmable Setting Time18
Frequency range: Up to 20MHz
Stimulus signal:
- Default Stimulus19
- From a previous Tolerance measurement
Jitter Transfer Masks for Pass/Fail Test
- ITU-T Standard: G.741, G.742, G.783
- Telcordia : GR.253
- User-editable
Programmable observation window
A Transfer measurement file is automatically generated at the end of the measurement
Wander Generator
According to ITU-T O.171 and ITU-T O.172
For checking the conformance to ITU-T G.823, G.824, G.825 and G.783
Wander modulation:
- Sinusoidal
- Amplitude range: 5mUIpp to 60000 UIpp
- Amplitude step: 5mUIpp
- Frequency range: 1 microHz to 10Hz
- Frequency step: 1 microHz
15. Setting time: waiting period previous to the detection of errors once the jitter generator has changed the frequency and
the amplitude of the generated jitter. Because of this waiting period, the signal at the output of the DUT does not have errors
due to the previous frequency- amplitude stimulus, after the change of the jitter injected at the input.
16. Gate time: The procedure to measure the tolerance automatically is according to the Onset of Errors. The tolerance
value for every frequency point is determined by the onset of two or more errored seconds during a (Gate) time of 30 s
17. Fast tolerance measurement: The tester generates pairs of values (amplitude, frequency) of a given mask. For every
pair, more than 2 ES during 30 s produces a FAIL indication; otherwise the indication is PASS, according to the criteria of the
Onset of Errors.
18. Setting time: waiting period previous to obtaining the output jitter amplitude, once the jitter generator has changed the
frequency and amplitude of the generated jitter. Because of this waiting period, the signal at the output of the DUT does not
have jitter due to the previous frequency- amplitude stimulus at the input.
19. According to ITU-T G.823, G.824, G.825 and ANSI T1.105.03
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Jitter/Wander Module
Wander Analyzer
According to ITU-T O.171 and ITU-T O.172
For checking the conformance to ITU-T G.823, G.824, G.825 and G.783
TIE
- Samples low pass filtered, -3dB @ 10Hz, according O.172
- Amplitude range : +/-109 ns (O.172)
- Accuracy as per O.172
- Sampling frequency: 50 samples/sec (O.172 30 samples/sec)
- Displayed as a table and as a graphic plot
- Transient TIE to be implemented in future applications
MTIE
- Built-in (no external device required for MTIE calculation)
- Real-time calculation and display
- MTIE range: 1010 ns
- User selectable amplitude scale
- Resolution: 1ns
- Observation window (S): 20ms to 106s (50 ms to 105 s -O.172)
- Displayed as a table and as a graphic plot
- MTIE masks:
MRTIE20
- Programmable frequency offset to be subtracted (in ppm)
TDEV
- Built-in
- Real-time calculation and display
- TDEV range: 0.5 x 1010ns (10000 ns-O.172)
- Resolution: 0.1ns
- Observation window(S): 20ms to 3x105s (50 ms to 105 s -O.172)
- Displayed as a table and as a graphic plot
- TDEV masks
Note: TIE, MTIE/MRTIE and TDEV measurements are simultaneously calculated and displayed. The
amplitude scale applies to all measurements at the same time.
Complementary Measurements
Frequency offset (wander measurement mode)
Frequency drift (wander measurement mode)
Trace of the following values with 1 sec resolution in time axis:
- Jitter amplitude vs time (resolution: mUIpp)
- Maximum Jitter amplitude vs time (resolution: mUIpp)
- Jitter amplitude RMS vs time (resolution mUI)
- Jitter hits vs time
- TIE (resolution: ns)
- PMSt21 (Phase Measurement Status)
20. If reference clock is unavailable during wander measurement a frequency offset is superimposed to MTIE and must be
subtracted. This is done by the MRTIE test.
21. Status of J/W analyser is displayed as an alarm. This is needed because in a trace of a jitter amplitude, TIE or hit it is
necessary to know when a measurement is not performed due to lack of clock, lock or overflow. This alarm is not inhibiting
except to hits trace. This indication is present in the trace but not in counter window.
A1-26
218800
Jitter/Wander Module
A1
General
Safety
Electrical safety: EN60950
Electromagnetic Compatibility
Radiated EMI: EN55022
Electromagnetic Emission:
- EN61000-3-2
- EN61000-3-3
Immunity to EMI:
- EN61000-4-2 (ESD)
- EN61000-4-3 (RFI)
- EN61000-4-4
- EN61000-4-5
- EN61000-4-6
- EN61000-4-11
Dimensions
Height: 220 mm
Width: 270 mm
Thickness: 38.1 mm
Weight
1.19kg approx.
Relative Humidity
5 to 90% (without condensation)
Issue 8 - 06/07
A1-27
A1
A1-28
Jitter/Wander Module
218800
A2
Tributary Numbering
A2.1
Issue 8 - 06/07
AUG #16
AUG #4
AUG #1
Time Slot
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
4
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
A2-1
A2
Tributary Numbering
ITU-T G.707 Tributary Numbering for AU-4
STM-N
Column
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
...
17279
17280 (64x270)
A2-2
AUG #16
AUG #4
AUG #1
Time Slot
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
4
4
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
1
2
3
4
4
4
4
3
4
63
64
218800
Tributary Numbering
ITU-T G.707 Tributary Numbering for AU-4-4c
A2.2
A2
Issue 8 - 06/07
AUG #16
AUG #4
Time Slot
10
10
10
10
11
11
A2-3
A2
Tributary Numbering
ITU-T G.707 Tributary Numbering for AU-4-4c
STM-N
Column
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
...
17279
17280
(64x270)
A2-4
AUG #16
AUG #4
Time Slot
11
11
12
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
14
15
15
15
15
16
16
16
16
16
16
218800
Tributary Numbering
ITU-T G.707 Tributary Numbering for AU-4-16c
A2.3
A2
Issue 8 - 06/07
AUG #16
Time Slot
1
2
1
2
2
3
2
3
3
4
3
4
4
1
4
1
A2-5
A2
A2-6
Tributary Numbering
ITU-T G.707 Tributary Numbering for AU-4-16c
218800
CE Statement of Conformity
A3
The company:
Trend Communications, S.L.
Pujades, 60, 4
Issue 8 - 06/07
A3-1
A3
A3-2
218800
A4
SNMP
A4.1
Introduction
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) is a set of protocols for
managing complex networks. The first versions of SNMP were developed
in the early 80s. SNMP works by sending messages, called Protocol Data
Units (PDUs), to different parts of a network. SNMP-compliant devices,
called agents, store data about themselves in Management Information Bases
(MIBs) and return this data to the SNMP requesters. Each MIB is a database
of objects22 that can be monitored. SNMP uses standardized MIB formats
that allows any SNMP tool to monitor any device defined by a MIB.
A4.2
22. An object is defined as any item that can be individually selected and manipulated. This can include shapes and pictures that appear on a display screen as
well as less tangible software entities. In object-oriented programming, for
example, an object is a self-contained entity that consists of both data and procedures to manipulate the data.
Issue 8 - 06/07
A4-1
A4
device. There are many types of object, from objects that identify the
number of IP datagrams received by a particular network element to those
that indicate the presence of a certain alarm in an SDH frame.
A4.3
A4-2
Number: the numeric index of the tester. This index is necessary when
accessing any OID implemented by that tester and it will be used as the
OID instance number.
Type: this is a key that indicates the type of application that the instance
implements (i.e. "stm16ag", "stm64ag", nextgag or jitwanag). Typically
a GUI client will find a fixed type of tester to connect to and will ignore all
the others. More than one instance of the same type may exist in the
same system
218800
A4
The above listed fields are implemented in a SNMP table object so that
each field is mapped in a different row of the table and the instance number
is the index to the row:
trendTestGeneric (2)
trendTestIdentTable (1)
trendTestIdentEntry (1)
trendTestInstanceNumber (INTEGER32) (1)
trendTestInstanceName (STRING) (2)
trendTestInstanceType (STRING) (3)
trendTestVersion (STRING) (4)
trendTestCompatibility (INTEGER32) (5)
trendTestInstanceDesc (STRING) (6)
trendTestRelease (STRING) (7)
trendTestSerialNumber (STRING) (8)
trendTestIdentStatus (ROWSTATUS) (9)
trendTestInstanceCount (INTEGER32) (10)
The column information can be strings, 32-bit integer numbers or row
status indications as per SNMP-v2. If we consider hot-pluggable testers,
then tester instances will be created and destroyed dynamically when
modules are inserted and removed. For example, a Victoria Combo with
two identical 10 Gb SDH modules will show, for the OID above, the
following informations for two different instances (modules):
Number
Name
Type
Version
Compat
Desc
Release
Serial
"stm64-1"
"stm64ag"
"2.7"
1.9
"STM-64 A/G"
beta3
"XA0020"
"stm64-2"
"stm64ag"
"2.7"
1.9
"STM-64 A/G"
beta3
"XA0021"
A client must get all the rows of the table and check which instances are
running on a particular system. If the types and versions of the instances
match the client requirements, then an instance number is picked and used
for accessing any OID implemented by that instance.
Issue 8 - 06/07
A4-3
A4
A4.4
trendTest (98)
trendTestProducts (3)
trendTestCombo (9)
trendTestComboInterfaces (4)
trendTestComboSdhMib (2)
trendTestComboSdhMib-Objs (2)
trendTestComboSdhMib-Objs-Analyzer (1)
trendTestComboSdhMib-Objs-Analyzer-Results (2)
trendTestComboSdhMib-Objs-Analyzer-Results-Rs (1)
trendTestComboSdhMib-Objs-Analyzer-Results-Rs-EB1 (12)
trendTestComboSdhMib-Objs-Analyzer-Results-Rs-EB1Entry (1)
trendTestComboSdhMib-Objs-Ana-RS-EB1 Index (1)
trendTestComboSdhMib-Objs-Ana-RS-EB1 RowStatus (2)
trendTestComboSdhMib-Objs-Ana-RS-EB1 Value (3)
trendTestComboSdhMib-Objs-Ana-RS-EB1 ActiveSecs (4)
trendTestComboSdhMib-Objs-Ana-RS-EB1 Rate (5)
trendTestComboSdhMib-Objs-Ana-RS-EB1 GatedCount (6)
trendTestComboSdhMib-Objs-Ana-RS-EB1 GatedRate (7)
trendTestComboSdhMib-Objs-Ana-RS-EB1 PartialCount (8)
trendTestComboSdhMib-Objs-Ana-RS-EB1 PartialRate (9)
trendTestComboSdhMib-Objs-Ana-RS-EB1 Attribute(11)
For example, to read the BER rate on interface instance number 2, the
OID:
.1.3.6.1.4.1.20700.98.3.9.4.2.2.1.2.1.12.1.5.2 must be used
being the common part in this OID:
.1.3.6.1.4.1.20700 (20700 is the identifier of Trend Communications).
It is obvious that the columns implemented by each OID depend on the
type of data being represented by the OID. For example, a simple scalar
would only need the first three columns. Column No. 1 (Index) and column
No. 2 (RowStatus) are mandatory and defined by SNMP-v2, and only the
third column (Value) would be required to contain the application data.
A4-4
218800
A4
Index
Row
Status
Value
Active
Secs
Rate
Gated
Count
Gated
Rate
Partial
Count
Partial
Rate
Selecti
on
Mask
Attrib
ute
Column
No.
10
11
SELECT
-ION
S/U
INTEGE
R
COUNT
ER
EVENT
ARRAY
*
*
*
Attribute is a mask of flags that give special information about the state of
the data represented by the OID. There are two flags defined so far:
INVALID (bit 0)
INHIBIT (bit 1)
The INVALID state is used to indicate that the data in the row is disabled
and therefore it can not be modified. Typically a GUI would react to this
state by greying out the component associated with the OID.
The INHIBIT state means that the data in the row is enabled by its value
is superseded by a higher-level event. For example, a Loss-of-Frame (LOF)
alarm makes no sense when a higher-level alarm, such as Loss-of-Signal
(LOS), is detected. In this case, LOS is said to inhibit LOF, and the LED in
the GUI that shows the LOF alarm cannot be neither red nor green, but
black or grey.
A4.5
Issue 8 - 06/07
A4-5
A4
A4.5.1
Release Note:
The MIB includes all the functions and values needed for managing the
Combo tester remotely via SNMP or for integrating the tester with
Monitoring Platforms such as HP OpenView or MRTG:
A4-6
218800
Index
A bits
4-4
ABE
3-25, 4-25
AE
4-24
Alarms
inserting
4-10
10G module
3-8
2.5G module
4-10
results
3-24, 4-23, 5-39, 5-45
Alphanumeric information
2-8
Analog output interface
6-15
ANSI T1.403
4-4, 5-6, 5-7
Anti-theft lock
1-6, 1-7
Application modules, See Modules
APS
3-5, 3-29, 4-28
Attenuator
1-1
Audio IN/OUT
1-5
Audio settings
12-7
Auto measurement timer
3-12
Autoconfiguration
3-27, 4-27
Autodetection
5-46
Automatic Protection Switching
See APS
Available Time Block Errors
See ABE
B
Backlight settings
Basic information
Issue 8 - 06/07
12-7
1-2
Battery
charging
compartment
fitting
removing
Battery compartment
BBE
BE
Bellcore TR-TSY-000008
BER
BERT, See OH BERT
BIS
Bit Error Rate, See BER
BNC
Bringing-into-Service
See BIS
Buttons
1-6, 1-11
1-12, 1-13
1-11
1-12
1-11
1-4
4-25
4-24
4-4, 5-6, 5-7
3-3
4-16
1-5
2-3
C bits
Cables
Cards
Compact Flash (CF)
Ethernet
Memory Microdrive
wireless LAN
CAS
Catches, removing
CF
CF slot
CF, See Cards
Channel switching
4-4
1-1
9-3, 12-2
1-5, 9-6, 12-6
1-5
1-5
1-5
4-20
1-7
12-6
9-6
3-29
Index-1
Index
Clock reference
CMB
Code number
Combined jitter
Compact Flash, See Cards
Configuration files
loading
saving
saving for the tester
Connectors
Copying, See Files
CRC
Current, See LEDs
Customising
Cyclic Redundancy Check
See CRC
10-1
1-2
1-2
6-9
9-1
9-4
11-4
11-4
1-5
3-22
2-7
Date
DB9
DC input
DEC, See Pointer events
Deleting files, See Files
Desktop
Device list
DHCP server
DM
DNS servers
Dynamic IP address
12-3
1-5
1-6
EFS
English
Error Free Seconds
See EFS
Errors
Ethernet
inserting
10G module
2.5G module
results
Ethernet
CF cards
NG 2.5G module
options
ports
Events
displaying
inserting
10G module
Index-2
3-25, 4-24
12-1
5-45
4-11
3-10
4-11
3-24, 4-23, 5-40
5-1, 5-45
12-6
5-14, 5-15
12-5
12-5
3-16
4-9, 11-3
3-8
2.5G module
NG2.5G module
tracing
External memory, See Cards
4-9
5-28
7-1, 7-3
FEC
3-4, 3-7
File Manager
9-1
Files
9-1
configuration
9-1
copying
9-3
deleting
9-2
deselecting
9-4
external memory device
9-1
loading
9-4
location
9-3
moving
9-3
printing
9-4
properties
9-2
protecting
9-2, 9-3
report
3-23, 4-22, 5-38, 8-2, 9-1
results
3-23, 4-22, 5-38, 8-1, 9-1
screenshots
9-1
See also Configuration files
transferring
9-5, 9-6
viewing
9-4
Firmware versions
12-1
Flash memory
9-3
Forward Error Correction
See FEC
Frames
capture
3-19
French
12-1
Front module
1-2, 1-4
Functions
2.5G module
4-26
APS
3-29
APS (See APS)
4-28
autoconfiguration
3-27, 4-27
jitter tolerance
6-16
jitter/wander
6-15
jitter/wander transfer
6-18
MTIE/TDEV
6-20
OH BERT
3-30
performing
3-27, 4-26
RTD
3-29
scan
3-28
wander generation
6-13
G
Index
General timing
10-1
German
12-1
GFP
5-1, 5-14, 5-25, 5-46
Gigabit Ethernet
5-1
Global action
11-3
Global LEDs
11-3
Global start & autostart
11-1
Graphical User Interface
description
2-2
desktop
2-3
navigation
2-4
H
2-1
12-4
4-6
Icon bar
Icons
adding
applications
deleting
description
moving
INC, See Pointer events
Inserting
alarms
10G module
errors
10G module
events, See Events
pointer sequences
10G module
In-Service Measurement
See ISM
Instant results
displaying
frequency
LEDs
optical power
overhead bytes
path trace messages
pointer values
Instant results, See Results
INV
See also Pointer events
IP setup
Issue 8 - 06/07
2-4
2-7
2-7
2-8
2-7
2-8
2-7
3-8
ISM
ITU-T
G.707
G.783
G.821
G.823
G.825
G.826
G.828
G.829
G.831
G.957
M.2100
M.2101
M.2110
M.2120
O.171
O.172
Jitter
bandwidth
combined
definition
intrinsic
measurements
output
output jitter
pointer jitter
tolerance
transfer
Jitter/Wander module, See Modules
3-11
5-17
6-5
6-9
6-2
6-4
6-4
6-4
6-9
6-16
6-18
Keyboard
editing files
3-10
5-30
3-18
3-16, 4-17, 5-31
3-17, 4-18, 5-34
3-19, 4-18
3-22, 4-20
3-22, 4-21, 5-34
3-6, 4-7
1-4
9-2
LAN
1-4
Language
12-1
LCAS
5-9
LEDs
1-4, 1-12, 3-16, 4-17, 5-31
global
11-3
Loading a file
9-4
LOP
4-21
Loss of Pointer (LOP)
5-34
Loss of Sequence Synchronization
See LSS
Loss of Timing Input, See LTI
Lower-Order Path Overhead (LP-POH)
LP-POH
4-6
Index-3
Index
LSS
LTI
3-29
10-2
M bits
4-4
MAC address
12-5
Main menu
2-4, 2-6, 3-1
Mainframe
1-4, 3-3, 5-6
Management Information Base (MIB) A4-1
Mapping jitter, See Jitter
Maximum Time Interval Error
See MTIE
Measurement macro
3-13
Measurements
4-14, 5-30
10G module
3-12
2.5G
4-14
G.821 objectives
4-16
G.826 objectives
3-15
G.828 objectives
3-15
G.829 settings
3-15
Jitter
6-4, 6-11
Jitter/Wander module
6-4, 6-11
M.2100 objectives
4-16
M.2101 objectives
3-16
macros
3-13
NG 2.5G
5-30
optical power
3-17
See also Functions
signal frequency
3-18
timed
11-1, 11-2
timer
3-12
Memory cards, See Cards
Menu structure
2-2
Microphone
1-4
Modules
1-2
10G
3-1
2.5G
4-1
adding and removing
1-2, 1-6
front module
1-4
inserting
11-3
Jitter/Wander
6-1, 6-2
multiple modules
11-1
NG 2.5G
5-1
Mouse
1-4
Moving files
9-3
MSOH
4-6
MTIE
6-20
Multiplexer Section Overhead
See MSOH
Multiplexing map
3-8
Index-4
N/A
4-24
Navigation
2-4
NDF 3-5, 3-25, 4-21, 4-23, 5-21, 5-34, 5-41
Network Element (NE)
6-4
Networking
12-4
dynamic IP address
12-5
host configuration
12-4
New Data Flag
See NDF
Next Generation
5-1
NG 2.5G module, See Modules
NMFAS
4-4
O
Objectives
setting
OH BERT
OH-BERT
ON/OFF switch
On-line help
OOS
Optical power
Optical receiver
Optical receiver, See Receiver
Optical sub-modules
Out-of-Service Measurement
See OOS
Overhead bytes
3-14, 4-15
3-30, 4-4
5-14
1-4
9-5
3-6, 4-7
3-17
5-22
1-9
3-19, 4-18
Path messages
4-6
Path Overhead, See POH
Path trace messages
3-22, 4-20
PDH
4-23
setup
5-6, 5-23
Photodetector
1-4
PJE
3-25, 4-23, 5-41
Platform
12-1
device list
12-4
Ethernet
12-5
Ethernet CF cards
12-6
host configuration
12-4
serial port
12-6
PLL
6-7
PMP
4-7
POH
4-6
Pointer Event Adjustments
See PJE
Pointer Event Inversions
218800
Index
See INV
Pointer events 3-11, 3-25, 4-12, 4-23, 5-41
Pointer jitter, See Jitter
Pointer sequences
inserting
3-11, 4-12
setting up
3-11
Pointer values
3-22, 4-6, 4-21, 5-34
Power
1-1
PRBS
3-3
Protected Monitoring Point
See PMP
Protecting files
9-3
Pseudo-Random Binary Sequence
See PRBS
R
Rear module
Receiver
setup
10G module
2.5G module
Recommendations, See ITU-T
Reference clock
input
output
Remote Control
Remote control
roles
setting up
Report files, See Files
Report threshold viewer
Reports
Result
See also Files
Results
files
instant
2.5G
Ethernet
NG 2.5G module
Jitter/Wander module
NG2.5G module
See also ITU-T
timed
2.5G
2.5G module
Ethernet
G.826
G.828
NG 2.5G module
Results files, See Files
Issue 8 - 06/07
1-2, 1-6
3-6
4-7
1-5
1-5
13-1
13-1
13-4
13-1
3-27, 4-26
8-1
8-1
3-16, 6-10
4-17
5-35
5-30
6-4
5-38
3-23, 6-10
4-22
4-22
5-45
3-25
3-25
5-38
RFC 2544
RJ-45
Robbed bit
Round Trip Delay
See RTD
RS-232
RS-232C
RTD
RTD State
5-47
1-5
4-20
9-4
1-5
3-29, 3-30
3-29
S bits
4-4
Safety
1-14
Scan
3-28
Scanning tributaries
3-28
Screen
calibrating
1-10
Screenshot files
9-1
Screenshots - downloading
9-5
SDH
5-1
SEP
3-25
Serial port
12-6
SES
3-25
Setting up
2.5G module
4-3
NG 2.5G module
5-5, 5-22
Setup
2.5G module
4-2
Severely Errored Period
See SEP
Severely Errored Second
See SES
Shoulder strap
1-13
Signals
DS1
4-20
E1
4-20
Simple Network Management Protocol
See SNMP
A4-1
Sleep mode
1-4, 1-10
SNMP
A4-1, A4-4
Software - updating
12-2
Software versions
12-1
SONET
5-1
Spanish
12-1
Speaker
1-4
Standards, See ANSI, Bellcore, ITU-T
Standby, See Sleep mode
Start button
11-2
Stereo IN/OUT
1-5
Index-5
Index
Summary, See LEDs
Support
Switch time
Switching
channels
time
Switching on and off
3-29
3-29
1-10
Index-6
A2-3
AU-4-4c
14-1
4-28
UAS
USB port
VCAT
setup
Victoria Combo testers
Viewing Files
Wander
definition
generation
measurements
MTIE and TDEV-Based tolerance
modulation
MTIE/TDEV
tolerance
Window
Wireless
interface setup
Wireless LAN 802.11
Working area, customising
6-2
6-13
6-22
6-15
6-20
6-16
2-6
12-6
12-5
2-7
218800
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