aN te Inside Ceri Jones and Jon Hird with Russell Stannard Advanced Workbook with key ae «& MACMILLAN etInside Out Ceri Jones and Jon Hird with Russell Stannard Advanced Workbook aa MACMILLANMacmillan Eeucation Botwoun Towns Road, Oxford, OX4 3PP A division of Macznillan Publishers Limited Companies and representatives theoughout the world JSBN'978 02500 08352 (with key ection) ISBN 978 02300 05349 without key dition) Text © Ceri Jones, Jon Hitd and Russell Stannard 2010 ‘Design and illustration © Macmillan Poblistors Limited 2010 First published 2010 Allsights reserved; no part ofthis publication may be reproduced, stored ina vetioval system, transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, er otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publishers, Original design by Jackie Hill, 320 Design Limited Page make-up by Carolyn Gibson ustrated by Beach, Ray and Corrine Burroughs, Ivan Gillet, Bd McLachlan andl [Nicola Slater. Cover design by Andrew Oliver “The Terror of Biue John Gap’ by Sir Axthus Conan Doyle taken from the Macmnillon Literature Collections, First published in the Macmillan Literature Collections, 2009. The authors and publishers would like to thank the following for permission to reproduce the following copyright material: HarperCollins Publishers, Dr Deborah Tannen and Little, Brown Bool Group for the synopsis taken from the back cover of Talking from 9 05: Women and Men in the Workplace: Language, Sex and Power by Deborah Tannen, New Yorks Avon, 1995 copyright © Deborah Tannen. Reprinted by permission of HarperCollins Publishers, Deborah Tannen and Little, Brown Book Group; Extract ftom “Michie! Halden: All Ears” copyright © Guardian News & Media Ltd 2007 first published in The Cisaedion, 03.10.07, reprinted by permission of the publisher; The Random House Group Lic for the synopsis of Tle Fernie Btn by Louatn Beizendine, 2008, reprinted with permission of The Random House Group Lt Tammy Lenski for a simplified extract from “10 best ‘ways fo win an argument” hitp:/ /conflctzen.com/the-I0-besl-ways-to-win-anargument copyright© Tameny Lenski; Macmillan Education for extracts, pie chart and graph adapted from Ince Out Advanced Workbook by Russell Stannard and Ceri Jones, copyright © Macmillan Publishers Limited 201, used with permission; Extract from "fa hidsight i's sy to scoff at past pradietions" by Robert Uhlig, copyright © Telegraph Group Limited 2000, fiest published in The Daily Telegraph 31.0800, printed by permission of the publisher. ‘These materials may contain links for thisd party websites. We have no control over, and are not responsible for, the contents of such third party websites, Please use care when accessing them, The authors and publishers would like to thank the following for peemisson to reproduce their photographic materia: Alamy/ Imagebrokee p10. Alamy/ Mibaela Nini pS, ‘Alam Homer W 5ykes p19, Alamy/ Kathy de Witt p71; Alma Books Ltd/ One World Classics Led pS; Corbia/ Heice Bensex p38), Crbis/ Fridmarr Daram p18, Corbis/ Kevin Dodge pi, Corbis/ Michaol Goulding /Orange County Register p58(), Cviis/ Pete Leonard p28(t), Corbis/ Simon Marcus p15, Corbis/ Moodboard pp) 66; Getty/ Hulton Archives p20(), Getty/ Peppertoto p20), Getty Poresteck p59, Photolibracy/ Morgan David de Lossy p56, Photolibrary/ Imagebrokernet pat), Photoibrary/ Photoalto pld(cl), Photolibraty/ Radius Images p38(); Rex Features/ David Boly p32, Rex Festures/ Bveret Collection p58); Science Photo Library/ Philippe Pally pas() Every effort has been mace to trace the copyright holders, but if any have been inadvertently overlooked the publishers will be pleased to make the necessary arzangemeats a dhe rst opportunity Printed in Thailand 2014 2013 2012 2011 98765432Contents Rene Aeron “Conversation baue 4 2 Taste age 10 pages @ Fosivon ofadverbiala Aspect @ Book eviews © Describing conversation svles Conversation collocations. Word building. Opening conversations a a a rie aan © Word building, Collocations with teste Agreing and dimagreving @ Hedging Invesionaternagaivesnd — @ The Changing Fac of ‘imiting adverbs Ine Olympic Games © Desrining cities Collocations Adding emphasis © Wriena a self help up aheot Referencing Sisle © Intonation n question gs 1 viiting eter of complaint Pinagriphorpantation @ Weoudstens © viiing a srt ite Linker Tex rgatietion, © Thesand a Aston) © the futueeas son fom lhe po Shor sony: the © Wotinga view tage 22 Discourse markers in wring, Cintinis Proms Soruaes sess © Typesofstony Expresons ith sty and ‘ie Deception aa bei Respoading 3 Sagan @ Relive davsen Detning te lawes @ Maa twans prperclip © Wainganens sory pee 28 wsithprepontions Noredefinny tlotve ints house Testues cianews story Sauses wth of Amie: Paragraph organisation © Sper, saving an economiing @ Pronaneaton oF he Discussing cons Negobating a pice Ging @ Verbs ol thesenees Poricipl causes) Talking about sues @ Weng an inermal ema oiering fase @ Verbs of wring Collocation ith ne advice Making appropiate requests Paragraph organisation @ Sices changes in woes TDigtal © Complersenienes Uaingavlaleg | @ Promlaygibeinsibie © Wiking a lcurivecnay pase speculate about the (ture oa ‘ting an notion © Compourat nears Colagull expressions Using disourse markers Discussing implications © Sire in compound nouns st © Paraphrasing, Using mols to wikadout PT prdlencofjury @ Wiitingashortroport pege 46 thepast Inversion ater neers service Reporting sesees © Vocabulary of the costo Collocation © Expresing surprise ‘wihdne Horna vocabulary. expressing Sorpnve oe dshclet GWight © Concesivectousesand adverbs @ Whydoweskep? @ Wailing an coe ages? egrets an pastconsstonals ‘Using conceive discourse markers © Ties of day a night Expressions ein © Contactors sighs Making ond sesponcing to salatis AD Footprints @ Passive sinctores Comperativestracrares @) Backpacking in 1 Recommending places to vit Peges8 © Eealogical espresons Expressions with Phones for mating commendations folec, Shoes, Persiasion and tesponding © Sires in comparative structures ‘orpersiason LlWiords © Avoiding wpetiion- substitution and @ A cour eter © ing» coverietee page 68 alors Gover ltter conventions {© Nei words Geaing your point acess Spating © Unspoken words 12 Conselence © Spaciol uses ofthe paseaimjle Comic RSet © Waving a pramoiiona Ayer fagece | © Collcaione. Bestia! food. Houses “Text organisation Stor: The Tevorof Blue John Gap oaae 72 sn furnistangs, Sige and register (© Sues in contradictions Answer key, page 6Grammar 1 Add the adverbials in brackets to the sentences below. Sometimes more than one position is possible. a) Eavesdropping can get you into big trouble! (at work) Eavesdropping at work ean get you inio big Aeablete SEED a b)_ Thad a really interesting conversation with a complete stranger. (recently) ©) hate people who talk on about themselves all the time. (endlessly) 4) Toverheard the most incredible conversation the other cay! (on the bus) ©) Ispeak fo my grandmother on the phone. {at least once a month) 4) Titied to phone my boyfriend, but he wasn’t answering the phone. (last night) Add adverbials to the following sentences so that they are true for you. a) Tlove people who speak to me. (add an adverbial saying how) b) Tmeet up with my friends to relax and have a chat. (add adverbials saying how often and where) ©) Thad a really long chat with my bestfriend (edd an adverbial saying when) © EER) conversation Conversation Rewrite the sentences below, changing the position of the adverbial in bold so that the meaning of the sentence changes. 1a). Thad really wanted my pazents to meet my boyfriend earlier on in the day. b) Earlier on in the day, I had really wanied my parents to meet my boyfriend. 2 a}. Frankly, she just didn’t answer the question, b) 3. a) Ireally regretted having asked Jane to come to the party later. b) 4) T'djust talk to him about it normally. >) 5 a) Only Jack knew how to read Arabic, by) 6 a) I think she sometimes finds my obsession with tidiness annoying. *) Match the sentences below tothe correct sentence, 41 orb, in each pair in Exercise 3. 1 But by the end of the aftemoon, I had changed ay mind. [knew it would be a huge mistake! i the wut. 3. But by then it was too late, The invitations had been sent and there was nothing Leould do aboutit. ["] There's no need to get angry. [| 5. Unfortunately hed’ know how to speak it 6 Only sometimes? I think it annoys her pretty much all the time! [|5 Underline the correct form of the verb.” / Well, 1(1) was standing / had stood ina queue at) the checkout in the supermarket the other day when | overheard a really interesting conversation, One woman (2) was telling / had told another about her boyfiiend. She (3) was going / had gone on and on about how wonderful he was. How he (4) was always looking / had always looked after her, cooking and cleaning and buying romantic | presents. I(5) was beginning / have been beginning to fel quite jealous, when suddenly the woman's phone rang. ‘Yes darling’ she answered. | 'No darling, of course, darling, straight away. Yes,1 | (6 ‘ve bought / ‘d been buying some beer... yes,1._| (7)'ve remembered / ‘m remembering your sports| no, of course I don’t mind if Ben and Yes, yes, 1(G)/Il be getting / ‘I Ihave got the food ready while you (9) ‘re watching, / ‘ve watched the football... No,no, don’t worry, | you take it easy’ As always/ she added under her | breath as she rang off. Of course, everyone else | (10) had been listening / had listened too, and at | that point we all looked away, trying desperately to | | | | magazine Dan come over look like we (11) hadn't heard / weren't hearing a ‘word and (12) were just getting / had just got on with our shopping. spices | 6 There are mistakes in five of the sentences below. Find them and correct them. Tick the correct sentences. a) ») ¢ ay ° hy) Who would have thought he could do such a thing? He's always been being such a quiet person. bedisrst sierotics sented ltebent ‘This time next week Ill have laid on a golden beach, far away from everything. By the time I'm 50,1'l have done every thing I ‘want to do and I'l be ready to retire IfLhad been born in a different country, might be having a completely different childhood. Thad been standing at the bus stop waiting fora bus, when the strangest thing happened T'venever really been understanding why some people don’t enjoy travelling abroad. He's been working on this project for such along time, I'm glad he finally gets some recognition for it. ‘The neighbours must have been having, a party lastnight. The noice from their flat was deafening! 7 Complete the sentences so that they are true for you. Use perfect, continous or perfect continuous verbs where possible. a) ‘This time next week, 1 (01 Listen and check. » a a °) By the time I'm 50, | Vd been standing when I've always wanted to know why, My life might have been very different if ve spent a long time trying to butVocabulary 1 Complete the sentences with the adjectives in the box. animated bizame frustrating hilarious in-depth intense intimate _ lengthy one-sided pointless a) The discussion was really _animaled _, with voices raised and people shouting, but in excitement, not in anger 1b) His opening speech was We haven't laughed so much for along time 9) Twas so trying to explain the problem to him. [didn’t know what else to say to make him understand, d) The discussion we had on the future of the company was and well researched and we felt that we'd made some progress e) [thought the meeting was The management team clearly had no intention of listening to our arguments. A) Iwasa conversation but in the end we did manage to come to an agreement. 2). [gotcaught up in this totally fe conversation with a complete stranger [swear Thave no idea what she was talking about! hy Conversations with Elizabeth are always so She never lets anyone else get a word in edgeways! i) They were sat at a table for two, obli ‘of al axouna them and engagel in an and conversation. HEE se Replace the words in bold with a verb or ‘expression from the box in the correct form. always have something to say butt in be on the same wavelength drone on and on flow hog huntaround for putacross a) twas really difficult to convey the underlying concept, aut across b)_ We get on zeally well together. We seem to share similar views and values. ©). The conversation was really easy and comfortable and the time flew. a) Excuse me, [hope you don't mind me interrupting like this, ©) His lectures axe so boring, he just talks and talks in a monotone voice. 1) Idon’tenjoy talking to Rod, He always dominates the conversation and never listens to ‘what other people have to say. 8) There was a long, embarrassing silence and I ‘was forced to think of a new topic to bring the conversation back to life! hh). Jude is seally interesting, He is never at a loss for words, no matter who he’s talking to, Complete the sentences with words and expressions from Exercise 2 a) Kris is sorude. He's forever __busting in to other people's conversations. b) Sorry!Havebeen the conversation? I better shut up and let someone else have a turn! 9) Hove talking to Brett, He's so funny, and the conversation really You never have to things tosay. d) She's really gota way with words, She always knows how to. her point and how to bring people zound to her point of view. fe) [wish Kath would shut up sometimes. She just ieee about the same things all the time. 8) They're very much in love! They clicked from the first meeting and are obviously. Do you know anyone like the people described above? If so, write a sentence about them.4. Underline the correct word, 3) The ability tobe tactful isa great skill / skilled / skilfulness. b) She works s0 efficient efficiency efficiently with her new computer that she gets the job one in half the time. ©) He's completely lacking in competence / competent / competently and can’t do the job properly )_ I'm loaking for a job where Ian fulfilment / fulfil / fulfilling my ambition to write ©). It’s very satisfaction / satisfying / satisfied ‘when people congratulate you on making. a ood presentation, 9) He's got no consideration /consider/ considerate for anyone, he just does what he ‘wants and expects everyone to fitin with him, 8) Do you think getting that report finished by five o'clock is really achievement / achievable unachievable? 5 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets. a) She'sa very __considevate person and always thinks about the needs of the people around her. consider) ')_ Treally don’t think your work is You'te going tohave to make much more effort if you hope to pass the exam. (satisfy) ©) Itreally is one of the most jobs ve done, It's great to see the students making so much progress, (fulfil) 4) Your son’s worked hard this term and should. feel very proud of his (achieve) ©). The shortage of workers is a big problem at the moment. (Skill) 4) That'snota very way of ‘working, I'm suire you could do the job much, faster (efficiency) 2) He'savery driver. He'll have no problem passing his test (competence) 6 Complete the conversation openers. The first letter of each missing word is given for you. 2) Fancy meeting you here! Are you at the conference? >) Whatas Uwasn'te, 0 see you herel © Hi, youm__be Rhona I've h alot about you. ) Excuse me, have you g. apen Icould borrow? ¢) Hil How aret 8 Wow! Thisisa g place! with you? 7 Write the words in the correct order. Add commas where necessary, 1 hope good All I ! All good F hoped 2 sec. a Just Here Yes have. are 1 you 3. all, bad Not at you about what And ? 4 first Yes days. am I for the two you And ? 5 Likewise! Lottie knew you had I idea no 6 know it’s I amazing totally ! 8 @02 Match the openers in Exercise 6 with the replies above. Then listen and check. T elf i Pronunciation 1 Add question tags to the sentences. a) You'll be there, won't gou ? b) He's done this before, 2 ©) We might be going again next week, €) You've forgotten to switeh the gas off, rs €) couldn't allow her to pay for herself, 6) He won't let it happen age 2 @03 Listen tothe frst sentence being said twice and answer the questions. 1. Inwhich sentence, 1 oF 2, does the speaker's and in which does it all? 2 Inwhich sentence, 1 or 2, isthe speaker a) confirming something they already know? (" 'b) asking for confi mation from someone? [~ 3 @06 Listento the sentences from Exercise 1 again, with their tags. Decide Ifthe intonation on each tag question rises) or falls (3). Listen again and repeat i [easpee [oar] ee kat | | + | y ConversationReading All Ears by Michoel Holden 1s the author of A Ears il edly aa theres nothing aged about Fstening to | otter people's conversations, espedaly these are thst upon us a5 We stand on | crowded London bus, packed sardine-style. vith complete stongers shouting into ther mobile phones. No-one, heuer, has ever aieoped to ase eavesdropping fo an at former eagise what verbal gems ae beng thrown around us every minute a our waking ban existence. Gathered for he frst ime in a volume, and accompanied by Andy Watts icone usratons, are Michael Hldens Fit “stolen dialogues. The fcations vary ~ ranging tom Scotland tothe South Coast — bute focusis onthe teeing ciy of London, vith ts noisy and. mutifarious inhabitan, diredly presented herein all ts quires, showing how unusual and unscriptable everday conversation can at tes be. The book includes fen colour iustrations by ‘Andy Watt and scene-sting descriptions for each dialogue (EQ, long fiom 9 0 5 ) by Deborah Toone In her exieordinary intermational bessallr, You Just Don't Understand, Deborah Tannen transformed forever the way we look at inmate relationships between women and ‘men. flow she tumsher keen ear and observant eye toward the workplace ~ where the ways in which men and women communicate can letermine who gets heard, who gets ahead, and wihat gets done. ‘An inslant classic, Talking From 9 fo 5 biiliantiy explains women’s and men’s Conversational rituals ~ and the language batres we unintentional erect in the business wore It fsa unique and invaluable guide 0 recognising the verbal power games and miscommunication that cause good work to be undereporedated or go unnoticed — an ‘essential tool for promoting more postive and productive professional relationships. among ‘men and women, ™ The Female Brain by louann Brizendine Vile conicing research a6 3m Sue ert oi tens ren | facly member Hana, ovem renin icoered thal almost al ofthe dnl data in oxsence on newology and pscholcy | focused exclusively on mates. In response to | ‘this, Brizendine established the first clinic in | the US to study and tea women’ bans. A | the same time, Amesals Nain Insite ‘of Health began to regularly indude female | Shes a tes for Be fst Bie Te | conbined rut has ben anexlson fn | data on the female ban | Exploring many ofthe question lating | to the diferences between the ay men and | Women think and behave ~ questions whlch | have stumped the scientists throughout the | ages — tis revdluionay took combines | two decades of Bzerdne's our wor, real He sve from er cial predic, anda | af the lates nermation from the Scent | communiy at lage to provide a ty | comprehensive okt te way wore’ | work Fun acess and often supe, is | isa unige‘ouners mania forwomen! | 1 @05 Read the book reviews and match each book to one of the brief descriptions below. a) a book about how women’s minds work 3° Do you think the reviews have been written by a) professional book critics? b) the publishers? b)@ humorous book about overheard conversations 4 Look at the reviews again and find words that 0) a book about the differences between men and mean: women at work a) very tightly, without being able to move (review A) 2 Read the reviews again. Which book ... b)_ very busy and full of people (review A) a) was written by a trained doctor? Bett srenamn 'b)_ was first published as a series of articles? ©) varied Geview A) ©). is based on years of clinical research? 4} succeeds (review BY 4) Is not the first book the author has written ona ©) put up (review B) similar topic? 1) puzzled (review C) ©) reports day-to-day conversations? 8). easy to understand and enjoy (review C) concentrates on communication problems? fg). claims to be exploring a new area of research? 1) has pictures int?Writing Writing a self-help tip sheet. Referencing style 1 Read the article and decide if these statements are true (1D) or false (P. The writer a) is giving advice about how to win an argument. b)_is giving advice about how to avoid an argument. ) ig trying to amuse the readers ) has a serious message to put across. sure steps to winning | argument > ‘The next time you have an argument with a loved | one, use these five simple steps, and you're sure to | come out on top. @ scream, shout, sob loudly, or go deadly silent. | | Whatever way you show anger, just he sure to-do it | thoroughly an wth great drama."The more bistrionics | | the bette Use the words aluays and neuer. You're ahuays starting argutnents. You nsverhelp with the housework, | This etretogy’s a good one beonuse your apponent wil | pe ders es hey try ba dcnd Chrecivonagiiat | ®) Blane the other person for the argument, They started efter all by doing X,Y or2, Orby being bor. | "Things ie his are ever your fault You are simply a | |innooent sietim oftheir problem and ie portant that | they now that gin, | | @ Remind them you're right, they're wrong. And not | jist 0% ofthe ine, bu the whole 100% You, oF eurs, | | re always right partclorly when youreangey | © betwoen engi Hap Sat"ay’ onthe | | aes Dour wane sine inthe inl ef eonverean | tha lp he the daniage 0 your enon | Dont ally ath things oo get othe rt othe | oats | Follow these five easy steps and you're sure to have a | fe Full of long, hard arguments, Howeves, if you're | looking for a bit of peace and quiet, try doing the | opposite, and, who knows, you might find yourself in | | a harmonious, loving relationship. ni wl Look at the extracts from the article. What do the ‘words in bold refer to? a) Whatever way you show anger, just be sure to do it thoroughly and with great drama. b). This strategy’s a good one because your ‘opponent will got sidetracked They started it, after all, by doing X, Y or Z. 4) You are simply an innocent victim of their problem. ©) Don't really talk things out and get to the heart of the matter. 1) you're looking for a bit of peace and quiet, try doing the opposite. ‘Complete this tip with one word in each gap. Refuse to apologise. | ‘Tell yourself, (1)_were awful too, so they | should have to reach but to you first. Tell yourself | @)___again. The more you tell yourself | (9) ___ story, the moze justified you will feel | in refusing to admit you contributed to (@) | mess, | Look at the article again. Find a). three affirmative imperative forms 1b) two negative imperative forms ©) arhetorical question 4) aconditional sentence Does the article... 4) talk directly to the reader? b) talk about the problem in an abstract way? Write a tip sheet with the title “5 sure steps to avoiding an argument’. Look at the tips below. Which would you like to include? Can you think, of any others? When you've chosen your five tips, ‘write short notes on each one. + Always take the blame + Beready to say you're sorry + Don'traise your voice + Listen to what they have to say + Stay calm + Never accuse person of being wrong + Explain your side of the story in detail + Besympathetic + Try tomake ajoke Now write your tip sheet. Use about 250 words. Use a simple, straightforward style.10 Grammar 1 Underline all the noun phrases in this text which have three words or more. We had a great dinner: Lucy cooked for us, she's a Fantastic cook. We started with these gorgeous litle smoked salmon pancakes. They were absolutely delicious! Then we had some cold cucumber soup and tiny itle fingers of erisp toast. The main course was incredible, you really should have seen it. She brought out a tay of fresh lobsters and served them up with a very simple green salad. I thought Teouldn’t possibly eat any more, but when she brought out the dessert, a home-made chocolate _mousse, it was just too good to resist! 2. Reorder these words and phrases to form complex noun phrases that describe different types of drink. a) wine / with justa hint of vanilla / delicate / white / sweet /a a delicate sweet white wine with just q hint of vanilla 1) piping hot / straight from the pot / tea / a cup of / lovely ©) citrus / a mixture of / with justa touch of champagne / juices / tangy 4) and astice of lemon / water / with a couple of fresh mint leaves / ice cold / a glass of ) full-fat straight from the fridge / a glass of / ilk /fresh ) hot / on top / a steaming cup of / with a dollop of cream / chocolate Write the words in italics in the correct order. a) a tub of vanilla ice cream with chocolate dark delicious flakes. delicious dark chocolate b)_ a bowl of beam Mexiewr spicy soup ©) the smell of black ftstian strong coffee )_ her ceramic exquisite hand-painted bowl ©) allarge red shiny apple f)halfa dozen blue specied tiny quail’s eggs 8) a china new bentifltea set hh) a glass of the French ice-cold best champagne ‘Write detailed descriptions of the following things. Use at least three adjectives each time. 2) something you ate for breakfast today b) atypical regional dish from your town’ ©) the last thing you had to drink. ) your favourite comfort food. ©) kind offood you realy don'tenjoy 1) the dish you most enjoy cooking, @) something your mother cooks SEI} T25805 Find two examples of fronting in each of the three texts belove. Then rewrite them in a more informal style. ED errs arve, sane tet it os still 0-0 and everything play for. One ofthe Liverpool players ‘went in with a hard tackle and down went Chelsea's, star payer, Luca Romano, but nat for eng. Jumping to his fet, Luca got the bal, slipped past the last defender and kicked the ball as hard as he could. In ‘went the ball and th crowd went mad. Chelees 1 — Liverpool 0 1 Chelsea's star player Luea Romano wen! down 6 Rewrite the sentences fronting the words in bold. a) The rain came down and washed the dust away. Dawa caise the rain and wasted the das asvay b)_ The sound of raised voices could be heard in the kitchen, ©) Halfa dozen fishing boats were bobbing gently on the water, ) The name of the restaurant was The Westen, Isle. TD cone are the days when the bass played God over an office of cowering underlings. Equality is the namo of the gamo in business today, with everyone taking an equal share of the work and, likewise, an equal share of the rosponsibility, or at least that's what the gurus would have us believe. Th tre contr of tho old medieval town nad been devastated. In the main square stood the cathedral, iis dome oracked end crumbling The narrow sirceis, oneo shady. quiet reves trom the summer sun, vere now fll of rubble Through the broken facades could be glimpsed the personal and private words of the people wn lost their homes, their loved ones, ther tives @) The best words to describe it are homely, simple and down-to-earth. 1) The days of peace and harmony were long. gone 8) We didi’t really know what had happened, 1h) We had no idea when she'd be coming back. Pronunciation Look at the words in the box. Write them alongside the appropriate stress pattern. The first one has been done for you. [culower camanione cites cust | | Golicious exquisite intricate microwave | [ refreshing selection strawberries vegetables | a) Mmmm culver >) ioe ° @ 06 Listen and check,Vocabulary 1 Complete the sentences with the words in the box. ‘You may need to make some changes to the verbs. bob chug clientele concrete launch | reverie satay thelving thrust | a) Whathadoncebeena___tviving fishing, community was now just a collection of abandoned cottages. b)_ She looked up from her ‘that the platform had cleared and her train had tose gone ©). The restaurant had a very cosmopolitan and a lively atmosphere. 4) He punched the address into the sat back in the driver's seat and thought of the journey ahead. €) They looked in dismay at the petrol gauge as the car slowly to a halt at the side of the road. 8) The man walked up to me, a letter into my hand and then rushed away. 8). The village was very quiet and picturesque with the small fishing boats _ gently in the small stone harbour. hy The old hotel had been replaced by an ugly monstrosity that towered over the houses nearby, i) He sped to the side of the jetty in his new looking very pleased with 2 Replace a word or phrase in each sentence with a word or phrase from the box. exquisite hemely pricey reverie | | sped off thriving | a) It’sa simple, comfortable and informal restaurant run by a family. homely ') The food was fantastic — perfectly cooked and beautifully presented, )__ Our meal was spoilt by the music which played loudly from a loudspeaker above our table, 4) That restaurant's far too expensive. Let's find somewhere else to eat. ©} He runs a successful restaurant just outside Rome. 4} The fish was coated in a mixture of flour, milk and egg whites, and then deep fried. 8) The new company was set up by a businessman swith plenty of money andl new ideas. h) The restaurant's regular customers come from, farand wide. 1) We jumped in the car and drove away quickly. 9) Aloud knock interrupted my daydream 3° Match the sentence beginnings (a-/) with their endings (1-6). a) Ithinkhe's got great taste in clothes, bb). [think that joke was in very bad taste, ©) It’s place with something for all tastes, ) Fresh fruit from Spain has so much taste, 6) The main course was very tasty but f) mot quite sure about the taste, 1 it’s joy to go shopping at the markets there. 2. it was offensive and certainly not funny. 3. perhapsit needs a bit more garlic. 4 he always looks so smart and elegant. 5 where all the family will find something to do, 6 was disappointed with the dessert. a alelé4 Complete the sentences with words formed from taste. a) Our meal in that new restaurant was dreadful, The food was completely __dastelass b) The choice of colours was very It was obvious that whoever owned the house had a good eye for colours. ©) She works as a chocolate supermarket chain. fora 48) Te beer festival normally starts quite seriously, swith everyone the different beers ‘on offer and commenting on them. ©) [thought the whole wedding, ceremony was mean who in their right mind ‘would havea priest dressed as Elvis Presley? 4) That really wasa remember to come here again. meal, Imust ). She was clearly a very elegant woman. She was dressed in a grey jacket and black trousers 5 Use one word to complete the sentences. The first letter has been given to help you. 4) Weboth apologised to each other later, but the incident lefta bad __ taste in my mouth 'b)._Black olives are definitely ana, {aste. I did’ like them as a child, but I love thom now. 6) Igeton ceally well with my ew flatmate, We . the same laste in everything! 4) don’t understand people who listen to rk smusio frst thing in the morning. But suppose there's noa for taste! ©) Tused to complain about the service in restaurants. Now I'm working as.a waiter and Ym getting a taste of my oven m, 1) The home team scored a goal in the last minute to taste for the first time in their new stadium, g) Thejoke was in very p. taste and, no-one laughed. 6 Look at b-a in Exercise 5 again. Replace the words in itaies to make these sentences true for you. b) °°) ’ 7 Underline the best alternative in conversations ad. a) Ruby: Have you hearc? Jo's thinking of leaving her jb. Tom: (1) Isuppose you're right. That can‘tbe right! Iwas talking to her the other night and she seemed really happy with her job. Ruby: (2) That may be, but/1 know its awful, she told me that she and Greg are going to open a restaurant. ») ‘Tom: We wenttoJo and Greg's new restaurant last night. Ruby: And? ‘Too: Well, Ihate to say it but the service was really slow and the food was ercile! @) Trest my case. /Lknow, it’s awful isn’t it? We went a couple of nights ago and I was really embarrassed for them, Ruby: 9 Jo: The customers have been complaining about the service again. They say it’s really slow. But () thats a load of rubbish! I suppose you're right! We're all working as quickly as ‘we can and no-one’s had to wait more than about ten minutes. Jo: Well, (5) think you'll find that / that may be, but the couple in the corner have been, ‘waiting for more than half an hour, Greg: +) Jack: This is one of the worst restaurants I've ever been to! lla: (6) Oh, Edon’t know, [I suppose youre right, the staff ace friendly and the décor’s nice ... Ah, here's the fish ... Oh, no, is cold! ‘And it’s only half-cooked! (7) That’s a load of rubbish! /I rest my case! Ella: (8) I suppose you're right. / No way! Jacke 07 Listen and check.Listening 1 @08 Cover the script opposite and listen to four stoties about people's experiences in restaurants. ‘Then choose an appropriate title foreach one. a) Open all hows b) Aquietnight out? ©) Afishy tale 4) Afree lunch 2 Listen again. In which story is there: 8) acase of mistaken identity? by anillness? 6) aviolent incident? 4) a generous gesture? story 1 2 3 4 topic 3. Which stories might these sentences come from? 4) Its great to see you. You know, Luis was asking, after you. He was wondering if you were still working on that translation project. | b) Don’t worry. leat here all the time. Let me do. the ordering. ©) Tvehad enough ofthis! I'm not going to stand for itany longer! | d) There's plenty of wine behind the bar and the musics by the stereo. | 4 Complete tte sentences with the words in the box. ‘You will need to use some of them more than once. at on a) He insisted ordering. b) Ymallergic shellfish ©) Tnoticed a couple waving __me @) He put___a special night for us. @) Asthe evening went __, we all started dancing, 1) Attwelve o'clock Petroscame ___to me 8) Heasked usto lock everything __ when we left. hh) He started shouting the waiter. i) Heended ___ with his face in my soup. Check your answers in the script. 1 On our first date, my boyfriend took me to a really posh restaurant. Clearly wanting to impress me, he insisted on ordering, so Tsai fine, but wamed him not to order anytiving with shellfish in it ~ I'm allergic to it, Tthought Id made myself perfectly clear about this and that he knew what he was ordering, but obviously he didnt, An hour later I was in an ambulance being Tushed te hospital. 1 could hardly breathe. My boyfriend looked rather embarrassed sitting by my side holding the oxygen mask to my face. 2 Iwas in a restaurant with my wife one evening and {Lcouldrrt help noticing a couple waving to me from 2 different table. Eventually the man came over, said hello and started talking about something T knew nothing about, He then said, ‘Goodbye, Pablo’ and sat hack down at his table, We finished our meal and asked for the bill, The walter told us that the man on the other table, who'd since eft, had paid it for us. Im absolutely certain Td never met him in my bf, 2 Tused to Live in 2 litle village in Crete, and each Friday my friends and 7 would go down to the port to cat at our favourite restaurant. The over, Petros, was a lovely guy and when T told him my fiend yas coming ‘over from England, ne said he'd put on a special night for us. And he certainly did. It was amazing, the food ‘nas out of this world. As the evening went on, we all started dancing, and when it got to trelve oelock, Petros came up to me. [thought he was going ta ask tus to leave, but instead he gave me the keys to the restaurant and told me we could stay as long as we. tiked providing we didn’t forget to lack everything up! 4 We were sitting in a restaurant in Manchester when ‘we noticed three guys on the next table who were ‘obviously getting frustrated because the service was 0 slow, Suddenly one of them stood up and started Shouting at the waiter and telling him to hury up with his food, The waiter answered back rather rudely and. the next minute everything went ballistic. One of the guys ran into the kitchen and started a ght with a chef and the other two began fighting with the waiters, ‘Te was like something out of a cowboy film, with bodies flying everywhere! Finally, one of the chefs came flying ‘across our table and ended up with his face in my soup. The crazy thing is, they still made us pay the bill and we weren't even offered a discount,Writing Writing a letter of complaint Paragraph organisation 1 Read the review below for a restaurant that has just opened. Then answer these questions: a) What kind of food does it serve? b)_ What is the atmosphere like? ©) Isitexpensive? iN! Ll Mas" Restaurant of the week | J FYOU HAVENT been to Casa Paco yet, then you | don't know what youre missing, This cosy litle ‘tapas bar has just opened on the High Street It is set out lke a farmhouse kitchen, with simple pine furnture, traditional Spanish earthenware and a huge fire blazing n the grate. The atmosphere is laid-back and friendly, and the clientele a mixture Of students, young professionals and friends of ‘the Spanish couple who run the place.The menu offers an incredibly wide selection of dishes, ranging from dassic tortillas to the exquisite daily specials: conjured up on the spot by Paco and his wife Laura. ‘The qualty of the food is superb, a cificult task with such an amazing range of delicacies to prepare. We ‘vied move than fifteen dishes between us, each ‘one better than the last The shellfish isso fresh you can stil smell the sea, the meat sueculent and done toa tum, the sweets quite something to behold. It ‘can get quite busy at the weekend, but the staff are never fustered and it's always service with a srile, Perhaps the secret lies in the smooth Latin sounds playing softly in the background. ll this for the price ‘of your average pizza.If youre looking for a new cating experience, head for Casa Paco. You won't be disappointed! ‘You were so impressed by the review that you decided to book a table at Casa Paco fora surprise birthday party fora very close friend. The evening was a total disaster. Look at the list below and choose four or five of the problems to describe your evening. + half the dishes on the menu were unavailable + the waiters were surly + the service was incredibly slow + the restaurant was packed + youhad to wait half an hour for your table + you were expected to share a table with another ‘group of people + some of the dishes were cold by the time they. arrived on the table + it was very expensive — definitely overpriced! ‘You are going to write a letter of complaint to the ‘magazine the review appeared in. Before you do, read a letter written by another angry reader, complaining, about a recent review printed in the same magazine and answer these questions. 1a) What was the review for? b) Why is the writer of the letter so angry? Dear Editor, Having recently read a rave re it view In your magazine for ‘the latest John Hosvatd film, T Immediately phoned my local Cinema and booked three tickets for myself and twa friends ‘We were looking forward to a great evening, but ['m sad to say that we vere grievously disappointed, ‘Your reviewer had described the film as a fun-packed adventure story! and we had gone inthe hope of taking our minds off the stresses and strains of a hard week at work, Fe turned out thatthe fm was far from light-hearted. The plot was depressing ~ the story ofa young man fighting a Iifethreatening disease, the flm itself long and very stow ‘novig and the ening ane of the saddest ve ever seen at the cinema, In brief, the review was totally misleading. The fim itself is very goed, but 1 would only recommend it for ‘hose looking for a real teavierker, Vi sorry to say that after such an aviul ful experience I don't think Vl ever be able to trust your reviews again. J suggest you take more care in the future or readers like myself, Yours disappointed, Rob walters you wil lose more layal 4 Imwhich paragraph is the writer a) referring to the future? 'b) contrasting the film and the review? ©) explaining the reason for writing the letter? 5 Follow the paragraph structure in the model letter above and write your own letter of complaint to the magazine about their restaurant review. Read the letter again and underline any useful language that you think you could use in your letter. You should write about 200 words. ETGrammar 2 4. Undertine seven examples of hedging in the text below. The frst one has been done for you. imam ‘USING THIS PHONE MAY BE BAD FOR YOUR HEALTH | | | | | Are mobile phones the | new cigarettes? | | | | | j 4 that cellular phones will be ] | | | i GOVERNMENT HEALTH WARNING | | i i | | suBEs | the tobacco of the 2istcentury.itappeara that =| 3 their use is almost as addictive as cigarettes, with | psychologists’ reports aiming that there's evidence | that users display withdrawal symptomsif deprived | | of their mobiles for more than 24 hours. There is | | certainly no doubt that mobile phone use in publicis | | justas annoying as smoking. acbile fee zones are | | atzeady being set up in cinemas and restaurants, and | ‘it would seem that trains will soon be following suit, | sith tmobile’ and ‘non-mobie’ carriages avaiable | on all the commuter services to London. On amore | serious note itis now widely believed that excessive | ‘mobile phone use may cause cancer, and it has | been proposed thatall mabile phones should carry government health warning similar to the one Complete the sentences by choosing two possible answers from the box. | appesr appears betieved evidence | hardly any little proof proved | recognised seem seems shown seems thatthe industrialised cities 8) Wt__ammears population of many mod {is beginning to decline. 1b) theres se Sk ee eiestcnabt that in the future we will have to take radical action to control trafic congestion in our cies. )_ Itis generally L that living in cities with a population of overa zillion people can be detrimental to our health @) There is litle L that the levels of toxic pollution in the major cities in the US. are beginning to decline ©) Itwould t that the changes in weather patierns could endanger large urban populations in low-lying land areas lue to the rise in the sea level f) Ithas been 1 that prolonged exposure to the sua can cause skin cancer. Rewrite these sentences using the words in brackets. a) Smoking can lead to cancer (no doubt) There 1s no doubt that smoking can lead bo ») ts in many countries believe that climate change is the greatest challenge facing our society. (widely) ©) There is evidence to suggest that the rate of population growth in China is beginning to decrease. (appears) d) There is a general feeling that people believe governments are not doing enough about global warming. (would seem)4 Complete the negative and limiting adverbial phrases in the sentences below using 1o, not or only. 1a) The teacher told them that on _1 account were they to leave the schoo! premises b) after a long wait did we finally get to hear the resulis of the tests (6) We were told that under circumstances were we to use our mobile phones. a even in summer are there so many tourists to be seen in the town, ° ‘until he'd left university did he really appreciate how much he'd enjoyed being a student. Don other world capital will you find the same inerediible mix of nationalities. 2 once in the whole time I knew him did he ever make a mistake in judgement, ») after spending a few months here will you understand how this city survives 5. Complete the adverbial phrases with the words in the box. afier after barely never only | rarely seldom sooner | 4). realised how much [loved the city only alter _Ihad leftit b) Wehad no cottage than our troubles began. moved in to our new ©). The local people were not rude to us, but they also ignored the children. a) Wehad imagined that people could be so hostile. ©) Wemade our first friend only two months. ) Wevery saw him, however, and life was still lonely The children had before hh). We decicied to go back to the city. We had put up a For Sle" sign when the people began tobe friendly towards ust been so quiet #09 Listen and check. Rewrite the sentences in Exercise 5 $0 that they begin with the adverbial phrases you completed. 8) Only afler I had loft the city did I realise how auch T lewved it %) o 3) ° 8) h) Pronunciation 1 Look at the sentences below. Underline all the ‘examples of the sound /au. a} Its beauty is not as awe-inspiring as other cities. b) The streets are lined with soaring office blocks. ©) You're constantly jostled by hawkers and hordes of tourists. ) The suburbs haven't fallen prey to supermarket culture. ©) Isa living city and youllnever nun out of things ro explore. £) It’s the city’s hyperactive rush that really draws the people here. ‘® 10 Listen and check. Look at the words in the box. Cross out the ones that don’t contain the sound fod. crowded dawn dormitory gewp]| gorge law modem portray “splendour _ world @ 11 Listen and check. CityVocabulary 1 Match the adjectives #-f with their opposites 1-6. a) haphazard 1 modest b) tacky 2 unimpressive ©) bustling 3 organised soaring 4 stylish ©) in-your-face 5. sleepy ) aweinspiring 6 lowsse 2. Underline the one word in each group which docs not collocate-with the adjective. arrangement magazine system 2) haphazare: b) tacky: clothes decorations meeting bustling: family marketplace streets €) soaring: houses mountain tops office blocks ©) inyourface: celebrities chat fashions #) aweinspiring: performance sight village 3 Complete the sentences with adjectives from. Exercises 1 and 2. 4) think the plastic souvenirs some people buy on. holiday are really tacky b). With its 24-hour culture centred on gambling ‘and entertainment, its neon signs andi its brash nature, Las Vegas is one of the world’s most cities ) Aniving in Hong Kong harbour, you're imunediately struck by the skyscrapers that stretch as far as the eye can see. €) The streets were __with people waiting for the procession to start. ©) The council planned the new one-way system in avery way. [kept getting, lost and having to ask for directions. 4) The first sight of Mount Kilimanjaro on a clear dayis 6 TT i Hi ie ae i es hi) Hi) Use these adjectives to talk about something you. have seen or somewhere you have been. stylish Que receptionist was weaving a ver stylish jacket yesiorday, tacky. awe-inspiring in-your-face bustling Replace the expressions in bold with the expressions in the box. Make any necessary changes to the expressions, fallprey to liveon topof one ancther | tomekenayloranew —workits magic | puta finger on something | a) They knocked down the old stadium in order to put a shopping centre in its place. fo make wei ew shopping conte 1b) Icould never quite understand what he saw in her. ©) They were a family of eight and they were all ‘crammed in together in a small two-bedroom, flat. 4) Tbecame a vietim of the charms of the st-eet vendors with their beautiful silk scarves and silver jewellery. €) arrived tired and stressed after an eventful journey, but as Isat at the water’s edge, the view of the sun setting on the water helped me relax.6 Solve the anageams (a-g) and then match them to the definitions (1-7). a) kesbust ushers 4 b)hekcetou ree pe ate EE @)nlar ©) pawgta #) yihdnal fg) tasteie L_ conveniently 2 places where you can have a meal 3. aloud and protracted complaint 4 musicians who play o sing on the street 5 togoand see what something's like 6 _towatch, look at or stare at someone 7 toeat an enormous amount of food 7 Complete the text with words and phrases from Exercise 6. Covent Garden is a great place to chill out, sit back and watch the world go by. There's a whole range of different (1)__ealeries lining the squave, serving all kinds of food from all aver the world. You can choose whether you want to just pick at the bar snacks served at the street cafés, ot Q. yourself on the ‘As much as you can eat for a tenner’ buffet at the Ta) Indian restaurant, (3) situated just around the comer from the covered market. There are always plenty of celebrities around for you to “ _-and usually one or two self ‘proclaimed politicians enjoying an endless 6) about the state of the nation. If you prefer a spot of street theatre or abit of music, (6) o . They're always guaranteed 0 the street artists and the pull a crowd (212 Listen and check, 8 Add do, does or did to the sentences below. Change the verbs in the original sentences if necessary. aid onfoy 2) Treally enjoyed the film lastnight. I's ene of the best films I've ever seen. b). You're right about the new stadium Itlooks a bitout of place. 9) Shopping malls are fine if you're looking for convenience, but think local street mates are auch more interesting, 4) Ourneighbours are relly friendly but they make a lot of noise sometimes! ©) My primary school was seally small, but it had an enormous playground. 1) Myolfice isa mess It really needs a good, thorongh reorganisation. 9 Write the words in the correct order. a) about it / [love most / The thing / is / the L love most fs the dome. b) thesunlight / It's / Tove / that / it reflects / the way that / 9) from the tower / are / What / the spectacular views / Talso like /. 4) you have to / is that / One thing / pay to / 1 don't like / go inside the cathedral / . ©} swaying in the wind / It's / with / the square / its palm trees / love / that / is / Treally like / there's always / the fact that / What / a cool sea breeze /. 10 Write three sentences about a place you particularly like. a) The thing | >) What 9) WstheReading 8 The Olympic torch has always been part of the games. [| 1 @13 Read the text below. In what ways have the 4) The games are not as popular now as they used Olympic Games changed since they were first tobe. | reinstated in 1896? g). Choosing the host ety can be difficult. [] h) A purpose built Olympic city is currently being planned. [| Read the text again and check your answers. 3. Find words or phrases in the text which mean: a) intense {paragraph 1) bb) admiration, respect (paragraph 1) )_ symbol (paragraph 3) 2 Donotlook back atthe article. Are these Berean) statements about the Olympics true (1) or false (F)? d) brought back again (paragraph 4) a) Countries compete fiercely to host the Olympic ©) difficult or complicated ( paragraph 6) games. "| Initially women were not offically allowed to 8) to take advantage of, usually financially compete in the modern Olympics. "~] (paragraph 6) ©) Inthe ancient games both men and woman 8) who take part (paragraph 6) could compete. |] hh) asa result (paragraph 7) d) The Olympic emblem with the five rings first appeared at the Olympic Games in 1913. [) | The Changing Face of the j Fi Olympic Games 14. The history of the Olympic Games has alvays been cesely relates to te ces thot have held them, Tis because ts the oy, and not the county, tot makes the bid to fest the Olmpic Games Understandably, the cametiton t host the Oympcs is feces itcan bring great | prestige ano ocspeiy tote cy | 2 From tsrebihin Athens in 1868tothe (carrying a it torch from Greece to 1 next Olyinpic vere) ‘which was introduced in the Berlin garnes of 1936. The relay Included some 8,000 runners who carried the toch from Greece ee present day the macetn Chympic Games ave go tough many chages. wes fat unt the Stctcim games in 1942 “es women ware osname to the | Olympics. though they had participated in | some events before then, In the ancient | games in Greer, men were nt 221 | allowed to watch the games, let alone | take pt | 8 Tre fist Oympic enolem wit its | istncive the rings was designad in | 1913, athougn wasnt ntl ne Ankers | gores in 1920 that cou ec be | sed, Te ve ongs repent the union | of te fue continents ofthe wold ae the | colois were chosen because a ast one | of he Wve cotous extn every a ot the wos nator, 4 The Olympic torch. which had been | part of the ancient games. was reinstated | as part of the opening ceremony In the 1928 gees in amstetam, A ker lnroaton wos the Waa of te torch relay tm Cermany, crossing a total of seven countries, 8 The Berlin games also sew the frst ive ‘elevision transmission of the event and during the next 60 years ofthe Olympic there was an enormous growth in is popularity, with 2 steady increase in both the number of events and the number (of couniries. participating. More than 200 countries competed in the Bejing ‘Qkyepies in 2008, @ Treprocessof selecting he location for ‘an Dlympic event has beceme increasingly tricky due to the erce competition amang the candidate cities keen to cash in on the nancial and promotional advantages of hosting tne games. Itnas been suggested that TE might be worth establishing an Clympic city. purpose built to host the ‘Games and paid for with. contributions from all the perticipating nations. The big problem, of course, would be to decide ‘where this city should be butt a bey @ So at present t lols like the games | vil continue to travel the wr, hosted | ty some ofthe voit’ gents cies and | bringing in ther wake coth glory and ciertoWriting 1 Writing a short article Linkers Text organisation Read the text below and choose the best discourse marker. Hosting the Olympicsis extremely expensive. (1) Furthermore, / However, / On the other hand, st can ruin the local environment. (2) Despite For instance, / But greenfield sites and woodlancis can be lost to urban development, which means that local residents’ quality of life may be diminished. {G) Inaddition,/ Although / On the other hand, it can provide a boost to the local economy, generating jobs and trade. (4) However, / Despite /In addition, the effects can be al too temporary, leaving a city ith unwanted installations and a huge debt to pay. (5) Nonetheless, / What's more, / For example, with careful forward planning most of these problems can be avoided. Look at the list of changes that can occur in a city when it hasts the Olympic Games, a) Decide whether you think their effect will be long-term (LT) or short-term (ST). 1b) Decide which of the changes are benefits (+) and which are drawbacks (-). 1 An increase in pollution and litter _S7_— 2 Improved sports installations 3. More jabs in the construction industry 4 Good publicity for the city 5 Improved roads and airporls 6 # 8 Temporary accommodation facilities ‘An increase in traffic congestion More facilities for parking cars____ 9 Massive increase in number of visitors 10 An inorease in local trade 1 Security problems___ Read the following task. Your city (or a city near you) has made a bid for the Olympic Games which has been met with mixed reactions. You have beon asked to write ‘a short article for your local English language newspaper defending the bid. Your article should cover the following points: 1) wy the ety would make @ good venus 2. the construction work that would be necessary 3. the alsruption to normal lis curing the games 4 ‘conclusion ~ the long- and short-term benefils for the city Look at the sentences below. Which point in the task could they be used to support? a) Allin all, Ithink we should welcome the chance to host the games b) Curiously there has been some hostility to the city’s bid to host the Olympics ©) Although it will entail some upheaval in the short term ... 4) However, the long-term benefits far outweigh the short-term disruption ... ¢) Inaddition, we will need to upgeade the present Infrastructure as well as 4) There will inevitably be some disruption to everyday lives, however 8) New roads will obviously be needed, as will h)_... and in addition itis perfectly located ‘Make brief notes on your ideas under the four headings. 1 why the city would makea good venue 2. the construction work that would be necessary 3. the disruption to normal lives during the games| 4 conclusion — the long-and short-term benefits for the city ‘Write your article using your notes and the useful expressions from Exercises 1 and 4. You should ‘write about 250 words.= Tia i i A i) Wa Elon uA i Grammar 1 Underline the corzect alternative. 4) We were on the point of leaving/ to leave, when they finaly arrived. b)_ Twasjust about to send / sending the email, when I noticed I clicked ‘reply all <)_ The Queen was have opened / to have opened the gallery, but a security alert meant the honours were done by her secrotary on her bbehal. 4d) Id been thinking to drive / of driving to London, but I gor the train instead, ©} Smith was on the verge of signing / to sign for Liverpool, but an eleventh-hour bid from Chelsea was too lucrative to resist. 4) Play was resuming / to resume at 1.30, butat twenty past the heavens opened yet again. 2 Rewtite the sentences using the word in brackets so the meaning is similar a) We intended to leave well before dark, but we completely lost track of time. (going) We __were gaing to leave welt before dark but we completely lost track of time. b) Susan had almost given up hope when the doorbell rang. (verge) Susan hen the doorbell ang. We wanted to set off by 5:30, but it was nearer 6.30 by the time we finally let. (hoping) We 2 but it was nearer 6.30 by the time we finally left 4) Twas intending not to tell him about Jack, but he insisted on hearing the whole story. (going) 1 Seer eee ee ‘but he insisted on hearing the whole story ©) It was originally planned that he attack would take place at nightfall, but there were last- minute concems. (was to) The attack , but there were last-minute concerns £) Sam was on the point of revealing everything when Miss Potts came into the room. (just about) Sam ‘when Miss Potts came into the room J] story 8) My parents were a litle disappointed in my choice of career. always feared this. (would) always feared in my choice of career, h) Thad planned to pay her a visit, but she had. gone to her sister's for the day. (going) I . Dut she had gone to her sister's for the day. Complete the article with phrases using the wards in the box. | go/deliver | gory verge/colonise } would /be | would /last | would dawallow would/live | In hindsight, it’s easy to scoff at past predictions Not that many years ago, futurologists predicted that by the beginning of the 21" century we (1) would be svalloving pills for breakfast before strapping on personal jetpacks to fly to work and that we 2) in floating cities and holidaying under the sea, Even NASA, the American space agency, was laughably wide of the mark, In 1980, it said that we ® the moon and that by the 21° century more than 1000 people ‘would be permanently iving ane working there Other forecasts, such as the idea that by the year 2000 robots (4) letters to anywhere in the world within one day, seem ridiculously naive in today’s email age. ‘And back in the 1970s it was said that by the year 2000 computers (5) as intelligent as the human brain, hypersonic sircraft (6) oe cate EWS tron London to Sydney in two hous, and shoes, one pundit famously proclaimed, (7) a lifetime. ‘The only recurrent theme that emerges from years of studies looking into the future is that we are much better at creating it than we are at predicting itComplete the sentences about events or situations in your life. a) Twas once going to but 1b) The other day, Iwas just about to when ©) always knew I'd d) Inever thought I'd ‘Match the discourse markers that have similar meanings. 2) for example 1 inaddition b) too 2 sy ©) strictly speaking 3 by contrast a) that to say 4 particularly ©) inparticular 3 inother words 1) including 6 likewise 8) similarly 7 suchas ‘h) onthe other hand 8 tobe accurate ary e[ale h et al {feed ir eee Complete the sentences with the discourse makers in the boxes. likewise particularly such as | lobracarte to | 2) Hove reading aulsbiogiaphies, ariewaely those of historical figures. bb) Lzeally love books that keep you guessing right up to the end. _ stories that have a sudden and totally unexpected ending. ©) _Iquite like some children’s books, the ‘Harry Potter’ series And I quite like the "Young James Bond’ books d) All seven Harry Potter books have been made into films. there are actually eight films, as the final book is made as bwo separate films. ontheatherhand or even strictly speaking thats to sey ©) [sometimes download films from the internet, it’s illegal, but everyone does it, don’t they? £) Tlove all the ole classie black and white films of the 40s and 50s, the old silent films from the 20s if I'm in the mood. g) The CGI (Computer Generated Imagery), at least 90% of the film, has set a new standard in realism. The acting, leaves a lot to be desired. | atanyrate inaddition say then i ») to winning the Booker prize in 1981, Midnight's Children by Salman Rushdie won the Best of the Bookers in 2008, i) 'venever really read any Shakespeare. Well, not fromstartto finish ji) You've never read Perfume by Patrick Suskind! You'd better come round and borrow my copy Itreally is an amazing, ook. k) Can you recommend a good page-turner for me to take on holiday? ‘ something like The Da Vinei Cade or that sort of thing. Think of a book or a film you know. Complete the sentences about this book or film, a) Is got some really funny bits, such as when ack the mein character, forgets who he is. b) Its got, : such as, © Mike » particularly 4d) The main character is He/she toa. ©) Tike On the other handVocabulary 3 Complete the dialogues with the expressions in the box. 1 What kind of stories are these? Choose from the fr = ie ST Beer isiiihe boxes, | cockand bull story ell tales endafstesy | = a — | it'salong story old wives’ tale sab story | anecdote fable fairytale legend myth | thestory of my life to cut along story short | | news story whodunnit _ short-story ue ae a) A: Comeon, you've got to tell me what p happened at the party. I'm dying to know. B: Look, I'm not telling you. End of siov 1b) A: Sowhy did Jackie and Peter split up? B: Oh, about it another time. Tell you ©) A: Mummy, Evie drew on the wall at school today. But she said it was Millie who did it. B: Don’t , Lauren. I'm sure the teacher knows all about it, d) A: Carlo reckons he was late this morning because his car wouldn't start. B: Hub! That's a ifever I heard one. He only lives ten minutes’ walk away. €} A: You're not going to believe this! Five of my, lottery numbers came up this week, But, guess what —it was the one week I didn’t buy a ticket. I's By Oh well, five numbers would’t have won. that much anyway, f) A: Meland Jo have split up. She's really upset Br Oh, she'll be OK in a day or two. She's alwaysgotsome about how her boyfriends keep leaving her. a) short ston by 8) A: How did you get that black eye? o B Well, : d) Alexandra hit me. hh) A: Is ittrue that eating hot, spicy food makes 8 is you bad-tempered? ») B: No, it’s just an. 2 White the names of one or two stories, books or films that you know for each of the story types. Pable-lit Myth: ‘Whodunnit: Fairy tale: Legend:Complete these literary extracts with the adjectives in the box. astute fishy gullible unfaithful plausible sceptical unserupulous | a) She was struck by the idea that perhaps she ‘was being, foolish in remaining faithful to her husband while Joe was s0 obviously safaithful to her )_ Kate felt inordinately pleased at his offer, even ‘though she was enough to know that it came from a desire for any company, rather than hers specificelly ¢) ‘And you believed me?’ she asked, shaking her head in disbelief ‘Give me a break! Of course I didn’t. 'm not that came fir’s reply. 4) $0 he had given Katherine a call and asked if she would give him some advice on the matter. It seemed a reasonably for inviting her to spend more time with him. ©) You're completely Linda said Betty. ‘You should be ashamed. Illegal is one thing, but immoral is another! 8) Molly gavea sheug, ‘Y’m really sot so sure about Nicolas story. Sounds just the sort of thing she would have made up to impress Harry’ g). There was something about the whole set-up. He tried to think himself into a detective frame of mind. What would Sherlock Holmes do in the circumstances? ‘Match the words ag in Exercise 4 with words 1-7, with similar meaning. 1 cynical = [Ff 5 credible 2 naive i 6 streetwise [| 3 dubious [7] 7 disloyal 4° dishonest Here are some ways of responding to a story or something you hear. Match the beginnings (a with the endings (1-8). a) Whata 1 ro! b) Tmrot 2 yout © Whata 3. tight! &) Tdox't 4 relief ©) Lucky 5 awful! 9 Quite 6 surprised! 2) How 7 nightmare! ») Ob 8 blame you! falote[alelels[a] fcr oe cele 7 Write appropriate responses asing five of the expressions from Exercise 6. More than one expression is appropriate in some cases a). A: Tom's house was broken into lastnight [think they took quite a lot Be How af! b) A: Sarah borrowed my camera and lft it on the bus, I'm absolutely furious with her. B would be too. How was the flight? Bi Don’task! There was a last-minute delay and we spent six hours in the departure Jounge. d) Az Hey, guess wito won €1000 on the lottery last night? B ! @) A: I’sOK. They've found him safe and well B: Phew! _ ! Pronunciation 1 (® 14 Listen to the same sentence said with the main stress in two different places. Tick the sentence in which things happened as planned and put a cross next to the sentence in which things didn’t happen as planned. a) Iwas planning to arrive at six b) Twas planning to arrive at six, {#15 Listen to the pairs of sentences and puta) ‘or (X) according to whether things happened as planned, hoped ete or not. a) 18) We were planning to surprise her We were planning to surprise her. a ii) Twas hoping we'd be having pizza, Twas hoping we'd be having pizza, Oo’ ii) We expected him to got grade A. ‘We expected him to get grade A. ii) You were supposed to dress up. ©) i) The plane was due to arrive at3.30. | 1 | | d) i) You were supposed to dress up. ] ] | ii) The plane was due to arrive at 330.) 1 9) thought he'd be late i i) Tthought he'd be late a Listen again and repeat.Listening 1 @ 16 Cover the script and listen to a story called ‘The Christmas Presents by the American author ©. Henry. Answer the questions. a) Who are the two main characters? b) Whats the wlationship between them? ©) What are their most prized possessions? 4) What Christmas presents did they buy for each other? 2. Listen again, Number the events belovr in the order they are mentioned in the story. a) Della remembered how she and fim saw some combs in a shop window. ')_Jim sold his wateh. ©) Della decided to sell her hai @) Della Bought a gold wateh chain for Jim. ©) Jim came home from work that evening 1) Della gave jim his present. 88) Jim opened his present hh) Tim gave Della her present. 1) Della opened her present Did the events take place in the same order as they are described in the story? 3. Read the story and find words or phrases that a) collect or gather b) darkred 6) puton carelessly walked determinedly ©) apiece of hair 1) valued greatly 8) gave a quick look shaking nervously moved clumsily The Christmas Presents 0 Henry Della so wanted to get her husband Jim something special for Christmas, but the few cents she'd managed to scrape together weren't going to ao very far AAs she stood in front of the minor her beautiful, [ong auburn har hanging over her shoulders, she had an idea, She flung on her coat and marched out onto the street. She stopped in front ofa door wich bore a sign saying ‘Malt Goods of All Kinds, She pushed the door open and walked in ‘Will you buy my hair" asked Della. Twenty doar. Will that do you?" said the old lady Della nodded, fighting back the teats as the first lock fll to the floor. But once she lad the money in her hand, the smile returned to her face. She knew exactly what she was looking for. The one possession that Jim prized above all others was a gold pocket watch that had been his fathers and his arandfather’s before him, but it had no chain. And Della ‘wanted to buy him a simple gold chain to hold this precious watch. She handed over the twenty dolla, ‘wrapped the chain up safely and set off for home. ‘On her way, she stopped to look in the window of her favourite shop. It sold antique knick-knacks and there in the window la a sot of beautiful hair combs. She and Jim had stopped here the other day to admire them. He told her that the combs would have looked heautiful against the dark ted of her hair. Dela caught a alimpse of her teflection in the window, What would Jim say? She was sure he'd forgive her once he saw his present. And anyviay, she thought her hai looked quite aood in its new, boyish style. ‘That evening she felt excited, and when she heard Jims footsteps, she ran to the door. The look on his face when he saw her was a hundred times worse than anything she could have expected. His face crumpled and he reached ut his hand, saying “Your hair ‘She ran towards him, ciying and apologising, im, Yim Sorty, I sold it to buy you a present. Look!” and she thrust the tiny parcel in his hand, He, atthe same time, reached into his pocket and held out a small parcel of about the “My darting, of course I love you, with or without your haty ts just that T bought these for you . They both took the small, simply wrapped presents from each others trembling hands. Della opened es. There In her hand lay the combs “Oh, my lave! she whispered, ‘Theyre beautiful, ut dont worry, my hail grou, Go on open your present... His hands fumbled on the paper as he pulled out the gold chain, ang his mouth shaped itself into a sad smile ‘Don't you tke i she asked ancously, ‘ls perfect! he sad. ‘But ‘ts jst that. T sold my natch this evening... 19 buy the combs!Writing Writing a review 1. Read the review of another short story by O. Henry, A Service of Love. Which of the following information is included in the review? 8) story title and author ) brief information about the author ©) when the story was written 4) where and when the story is set ©) overview af the story 4) story synopsis/summary 4). direct quotes from the story hh). when the reviewer read the story 4) reviewer's opinion of the story ) reviewer's recommendation 2 The words a-l can be used to describe a story, book or film. Match them with the definitions 1-12, The first one has been done for you. a) implausible 1) atearjerker ©) aneye-opener €) controversial { ©) well-written f 8) far-fetched | sdamoning, I h) aslow-starter | i [ f f i) gripping )thought-provoking §)unputdownable 1) a page-turner 1 difficult to believe because it ie very unkikely 2. makes you feel emotional 3. so interesting or exciting that you do not want to stop reading it 4 another way of saying so interesting or exciting, that you do not want to stop reading it 5 written in a way that is skilful effective or successful 6 very exciting and interesting and keeps your attention 7 not very interesting or exciting at the beginning, but becorning more so later 8 reveals surprising things that you did not know before 9) difficult to accept as true 20. about a subject or gives an opinion that people disagree with or do notapprove of 1 sad and maybe makes you cry 12. makes you think of new ideas or changes your attitude to something 3 You are going to write a review of either The Christmas Presents on page 26 or a story of your choice (a short story, book o: film). + Include the relevant information in Exercise + Make notes on the information you are going to include. + Try toinelude some of the words a1 in Exercise 2 when giving your opinion of the story. + Vite the review in no more than 250 words ahi A Service of Love | a Service of tove is a short story written by the | | famous American short-story writer O. Henry. | "]UHE STORY is about La couple whe lie to | each other about their | joos until events force | taem to admit the truth | This set in the USA in the | late 1800s, | The story begins with two | would-be artists, Joe and [§ | Delia, who do not know | each other and who both | move from the country t© | New York They meet, fall in Jove and get married ‘They soon realise that their small-town talents aze not enough to bring | them success in the big city so they both get other | jobs. However, they still believe in their partner's abilities, and in order not to disappoint each other, they lie about their jobs Joe Keeps tp the pretence tat he's making money | trom painting and Delia pretends to be giving piano lessons. In reality they are both working inthe same laundry. Joe in the boiler room and Delia upstairs | stoning comes ‘One day Delia burns her hand and uses a rag from | | the boiler room as a bandage. She lies to Joe about | her injury but he recognises the rag. The couple then | | confess thei secret ves to each other, realising that | their love is far more important than thle ar, | This is a great little story and is typical of O. Henry | | in being sighyimplausfote but very enjoyable. with | its clever and unexpected twist at the end. Despite | being a short story, the imagery is very vivid and you | | feel empathy for the main characters from the very | beginning | | Tywould certainly recommend this story to anyone, | without feling them the ending of course story EER 27Grammar 1 Underline the correct alternative in these news stories. FLOWER POWER A tiorissin Coventry is offering bunches of dead roses ‘wropped in black paper far jilted lovers to send to thelr expartners The owner says the inspiration forthe idea ‘wos her partner, she split up with last month / whom she split up with last month, SECURITY RISK A shoplifter was yesterday given 2 six week jal sentence bya court in Rotherham after he removed a security tag from an tem of clothing and tried to walk out of the shop with it soit coukin’t be used as evidence. “i's not somthing 'm proud of / of I'm proud,” Paul W00d, 26, saiclas he left the court. Iti the fith shopilting offence of Which Wood has been convicted / which Wood has been convicted. COUNTING ON THE MONEY ‘women from Dewsbury, whom Dracula and vampires have been a life-long obsession for / for whom. Dracula and vampires have been a lifelong obsession, has set up a company which imports and sells cafins fram ‘ansytvania. The company sells fve diferent crosucts, the ‘most popular of which Is painted blood red / of the ‘most popular which is painted blood red. HITTING THE JACKPOT Amen whom the local golf club was a second home for /for whom the tocal golf club was a second. home, anc who tock his wife to bingo only to stop her Complaining, has won the £200,000 jackpot ata club in Bristol. And what isthe lucky Mr jones going to treat bimselt to first? “There's a new set of clubs for I've been saving up / 've been saving up for,” he said. ) Bargain Rewrite the sentences to make them more formal or informal. ). This is the shop from which I got my camera. This is the shop 1 go! my camere from. b) Is this the hotel in which we stayed last year? Jos someone you can always rely on. 4) It’s technically a erime, but nothing you'd be arrested for ©) The person to whom you need to speak is not hnere at the moment. 4) Are they the people Luke went on holiday with? ‘Which of the twelve sentences in Exercise 2 are formal (F) and which are informal (1? ‘Rewrite the sentences as one sentence using a non- defining relative clause. a) He cams about $200 a week. He spends most of iton computer games. He cas qbout $200 « week, most of which ke spends on compuler games ») ve gota few friends in the UK. Most of them. live in London, ©) We made loads of foad for the party. Most of it didn’t get eaten. 4) There are about forty university colleges in Oxford. The oldest is Balliol College. ©) We've got exams all next week, The first exam is maths.5 Complete the texts by adding alan, the or leaving the space blank. ec ahi Leet Ca | a. mn 2003, = Manchester United bought Portuguese footballer Cristiano Ronaldo as__ replacement for David Beckham. ___club paid £12 million for Ronaldo.In___ June 2009, Ronaldo was sold to___Real Madrid for £80 million, giving the club __ profit of £68 million on__topof__ three league titles and six trophies they won while he was playing for them, 1b Swiss watches and__ companies making them used to be___ envy of _world. However, primarily due to strong competition from Japanese companies during 1970s and 805, sales of __ Swiss watches. | worldwide fell drastically. Swiss and \ ___Japanese decided to collaborate andthe | product called ‘Swatch’. Today | ‘Swatch! accounts for S0%ofall___ | ‘watches sold. result was © In___early 1950s, small-time record producer | Sam Phillips had___exclusive contract with | __ young unknown singer he had discovered. | 1n195S,hesold___contractto__RCA record company for __$35,000.TThatsinger | ‘was Elvis Presley and Phillips lost___ income. from over ___ billion records, CDs and downloads din 1888, businessman Asa Chandler bought ___ rights to ___Caca-Cola from its inventor, John Pemberton. This is generally regarded as one of ___ best business decisions ever made, However, tan years later, in one of __ worst business decisions ever, Chandler Sold bottling rights for just $1.Today, billion units of Coca-Cola are produced each day. € [none of __ most infamous business decisions ever made, Decca Records turned down ____Beatles in__January 1962. After |__15-song audition at Decca studios, company told____group’s manager, Brian Epstein, We don't like your boys’ sound,_ groups are out; four-piece groups with guitars particularly are finished” @ 17 Listen and check. 6 Underline the two correct alternatives in the sentences. a) I'm going to the work / office / bed / shops. b)_ Williams not here, He's at shop /gym/ home/ school. ©) I'm going to theatre / work / school / gym later 4) Let’s meet outside library / Tom’s house / Café Coco / café at 7.30, ©) Alox has gone to the café / bed / home / cinema. 4) I'd like to work for the police / education /law/ government. ) Idon'tlike the Brahms’s music / music of Brahms / Brahms 4* symphony / Brahms you were playing last night. ‘When di you leave party / university / school / shops? i) I've always loved the paella / paella for lunch / paella in this restaurant / paella my mother makes, n 7 Complete the gap with alan or the, or leave it, blank. a) Tlivein_#e_south of the UK. Ina small village south of Winchester. b) Weusuallyhave___lunch at home, but we're going out for___ surprise birthelay lunch for my mum today. ©) Thardly ever go anywhere by __bus. In fact, Tlast went on __ bus about a year ago. €) We've put off the party till___next weekend because that's _weekend my brother and his family are visiting us. ©) Tbuy things on internet all the time. internet shopping is fantastic. {) Ihope that oneday we may have_ world without crime or violence or wars. One day we may have___ world peace, 8) People say __ French often criticise foreigners who speak French, but [have never found that to be true. Pronunciation Look at the sentences below. Decide whether the is pronounced as /6a/ or /. ). The TV remote control ison the table bb) Is the umbrella in the hall? ©). Thisis the oldest building in the city 4) Don’t use the printer. The ink’s running out @) The ice rink is next to the park, Just before the university. 1) The exam’ on the 8": In the aftemoon fg). The film was great. The scene atthe endl was amazing, @ 18 Listen and check. Repeat the sentences.Vocabulary 3. Look at this extract from a radio programme and complete what Steve says with the comect form of 1 Combine words in box A with those in box B to ‘the phrasal verbs in the box. make expressions connected with money. Then oo 1 tse these expressions to complete the sentences. comein cutback getaround —getby | im geting liveon payoff minup : | seveup — splash out shop make impulbe slap-up downe - Presenter: As part of our feature on student if, B around meal de buy payment a) Tean’t afford a new pair of jeans. I'll have to inaite do with these old ones for while longer. Steve: b). It's always a good idea to and compare prices before you buy anything. ©) Tenever ever worn this pink and orange shirt, Ttwasan_ last summer. I thought if looked cool at the time. d) Hey, ets celebrate the end of the exams with a at that new restaurant, ©) If you can’t afford to pay in full, you can always make a of say 10% to reserve the item Tecate Steve 2 Write true answers to the questions. a) Have you ever paid over the odds for something? What was it? b)_ When clid you last havea slap-up meal? ©) Do you generally live within your means? 4) Name something that in your opinion is generally overpriced. Presenter: ©) Name something that in your opinion is, Steve: exorbitantly priced, 1) Have you ever made an impulse buy? What was iv Presenter Steve: 30 ‘we're talking about money. With me first off today is Steve, wito’s just left university. So, Steve, how is it being a student these days, financially speaking? Well, ina word, it’s not great. Imean you (1) _aet tnio__ debtbefore you've even started, You get a student loan but it really isn’t enough to (2) 4 s0 you have to get overdrafts and perhaps further loans, So most students have () leven more debis by the time they leave. ‘And was that the case for you? ‘Well, I started off spencting without thinking, you know; (4) fn this and that. But I soon realised that Iwas going to have to (5) fon much, much less each week. Also, originally thought I'd be able to 0 to goaway inthe ‘but that was never ‘going to happen, So, what did you do to start ‘economising? I started (7) on what I spent by, say, buying supermarket own brands, buying stuff in bulk, not going ‘out so often and that sort of thing. And Throught my old bike from home s0 I could (8) without using the bus, ‘And how did you manage? ‘Well, [just about coped, although I have to say that my parents (9) useful from time to time with the odd bit of financial help. All in all, my university ays were brilliant, but it was hard having no money. I'm working now, but Ym still (10) iy student loan though. 19 Listen and check.Complete the expressions using the words in the box. thered cost fills off sobbexy a) My accountis always in -Tthink Te gotan overdraft limit of £1000 and I often spot close to that. b) Allthese low airlines are pretty cheap, But the service is pretty dreadful too from my experience. 6). Fifty euros for that! What a rip. I's not worth twenty. I's daylight Complete the dialogues by choosing the best alternative. a) A: I'malways____broke B: Geta new job. Or start spending less. broke / thrifty / frugal these days. b) A: There are some great bargains in that clothes shop on Market Street. Most things are by at least 50%. B: Great. I'll try and get there later. short of money / affordable / discounted oA B: Amazing - incredibly dread to think how much it cost. How was Suzy and Harry's wedding? exorbitant /Iavish / generous @) A: What's that new restaurant like? B: Not bad. And pretty, too. discounted / budget / affordable ©) A: Shallwe try that new restaurant tonight? B: Thearit’s abit, Maybe ‘we should save it for a special occasion overpriced | affordable / no-frills It cost €300 to fix my computer. Bi; How much? That's Ttshould’vebeen a inundved at the absolute most lavish / upmarket / exorbitant g) A: How do you manage to travel abroad for so Jong on so little money? B: You have to be ~ cheap hotels, get the bus not the train and eat cheaply. fragal / affordable /Iavish 6 Rearrange the words in brackets to complete the conversation between a customer and a market stall holder. Woman: Excuse me, how much is this necklace? Man: That's £200. Woman: Oh, (1) (L/ than / pay / abit / to / that’s / more / was / prepared) ‘Man: —Itssolid silver, madam, £200 is a good price. Woman: (2) (give / me / Could / discount /a / you) Man: Wellalright, for you, £175 Woman: I'm afraid @) (abit / range / it’s / price / above / still / my) Man: OK,I'Iido you a special price of £150. Woman: (4) 2 (that / price / your / best / Is) Man: Yes, itismadam Woman: (5) F thanks. (then / leave / it /1/ V1 / think) Man: OK, (6) (want / pay / how / you / to / do / much) ‘Woman: I'm prepared to give you £100. Man: Make it £120 and we've got a deal. Woman: (7) - Thank you (CIL/ it / Right / take) @® 20 Listen and check.Reading 1 @21 Read the news story at the bottom of the page. What connects the items in the pictures? 2 Answer the questions in your own words. a) What were Kyle MacDonalds living arrangements, a year ago? bb) Why was it difficult for him to buy his own home? €)_ What was MacDonald’ idea? ) How dil a children’s game help him? ©) Why did people think MacDonald had gone mad? Who is going to have the film role? '§) What surprised MacDonald? hh) What is MacDonald planning to do with the original ted paper clip? 3 The word rade is used as both anoun and verb several times in the article, Underline two ather words in the article with a similar meaning to trade. Ul a | decided It was time of the question. oy i: a _ H i wy Di: i A and exactly one year Man turns ai clip into house ‘Aman who set out to use the internet to trade a red paper clip for a house ‘has achieved his goal and is now a homeowner. Kyle MacDonald, 26, trom British Columbia, Canada, was living in rented accommodation with his gitfiend and with rock star Alloe for a snow globe, But Bargain ‘ovm home, But on MacDonald's pay as a pleza delwery man buying one was out MacDonald got the idea trom the children’s game ‘Bigger and Bette’ He set up the website oneredpaperclipcom, hich offered trade a red paner clip for something "more valuable’, ViacDonalé ‘would then trade tat iter. and so on ‘ntl he had waded up to a house. From paper clip to house took filteen trades The first swap was for a fish- shaped pen, which in tum was traded for a hand-made ceramic doorknob, Subsequent trades included a camping stove, a snowmobile a trip to Russia, a recording contract and an afternoon MacDonald's folawers thought het! lost the plot when he opted to trade the later have worried. Hollywood dtirector Corbin Bernsen collecis snow globes and 4 Find words or phrases in the article to match the definitions aj. a) start something in order to achieve an aim (para) ') something that you hope to achieve (para 1) ©) not possible (para 2) 4) start or create something (para3) @) started behaving in a strange or silly way (para 4) 2) a group of similar or connected things (para 5) 8) new or unusual (para 5) hy) slightly strange (para 5) 1) made people feel enthusi (para 5) i) a party that you give in a house that you have just moved into (para 6) tic about something they owed their wanted it s0 much that he exchanged it for @ paid, credited, speaking role in his next film. The house, in Kipling. Sackatchevvan, was offered by the town’ ‘Mayor in exchange for the flm role, for Wich any of Kiphing’s mhabitants wil be able to audition. MacDonalds achievement Is the latest inastring of novel and quirky ideas that demonstrate the power of the internet 1 knew it was possible You can do anything if you put your mind to it says MacDonald. But he remains surprised atthe level of publicity genereted. ‘A lot of people have beon asking how I've stirred up 90 much publicity around, the project, and my simple answer is “Thave no idea."" MacDonald and his gitfriend are curently organising a housewarming pasty and are hoping that all the traders, ‘will attend. The couple are then planning, to get married. ‘The wedding ring is going to he made out of the original red. Daper clip.’MacDonald said. Cooper. However, his fans need notWriting Writing a news story Features of a news story Paragraph organisation 1. Look at the news story Man turns paper clip into house’ on page 32 and put the following paragraph ‘summaries into the order in which they occur. 1) Kyle MacDonale’s plans for the Future )Detsis about the trades {|} ©} Kyle MacDonald's feelings about the trades d) Brief summary of the story [| ©) Background information about Kyle MacDonald || 9) Theidea and how itcame about |_| 9 2 Yoware going to write a news story called ‘Man sells life on eBay’. Follow the instructions below. a) Read the notes and make sure you havea clear picture of the story. 1b) Decide which of the following is the most suitable paragraph for summarising the story. 2» (A Briton living in Austealia has recently split up with his wife of five years and decided to sell all his possessions that reminded him of Q Gi) Jan Usher, 44 a Briton living in Australia has sold his ‘entire life’ on eBay for AU$ 399,000 because he has recently split up with his wife of five years Gi) A Briton living in Australia has agreed a bid of more than AUS 399,000 after putting his ‘entre Le’ up forsale following a recent split from his wife. Decide on a suitable order for the following paragraphs. Jan Usher's feslings about the sale ‘The idea and why it came about | Abrief summary of the story [_] ‘The events ofthe actual sale [_ Tan Usher’s plans for the future [1] Detalls about what was for sale [| Background information about Ian Usher [_"] PPlan the content of the paragraphs for your news story. Think about how to expand the roles into complete sentences and how to connect the sentences, You can use one of the summary paragraphs above if you lke. Write your news story. You should write about 250 words. het Man sells life on ebay tan bichon, 44, british, “Ue UR 6 years ago, Cries in Austria Possessions remind hin _. Married syear's, ea of former life, watts to, recertly split up © ut tes fresh start / { \ pu ere life for sale, eBay auction site: 3-bedroom house (Perth) + alk //- posesions (including car, motoreycle, jetski + parachuting geas) Lc Usher: I ams relatively butt Ue svould go a bit higher, fT. honest! iL Has 10 regrets locking forward to moving on ee day by day, x0 including introduction 5 triad run. at hs job hop sales assifeant) v off ef over ah 2 nllion within hers, maiyy hoax. bids, Bidder regitiration system introduced. AUS 399,300 when bids closed 5 Future plans: lots of things frst take tt Ao sens travelling t0 go to the top of the Eifel Tower. ~ Td bike, 33Mind Grammar 1 Some of these sentences have mistakes in them. Tick the correct sentences and correct the ones that are wrong. a) What do you fancy doing? Fm feeling like going tothe cinema. _f feel __ 'b)_ I'm feeling a bit unwell today: think it must be the change in the weather. ©). Ifyou'd been hearing the instructions, you'd know what todo. 4) He was hearing, strange noises coming from the cellar, so he grabbed a torch and climbed down to investigat ©) Ive been hearing quite a lot from Dave recently, He emails me every day. [think I'm smelling something burning, Are you sure you switched the cooker off? 2). I'mjust tasting the sauce. I think it needs more cheese 1a) This fish is tasting funny. Are you sure it's OK to eat? 2. Underline the correct verb form. Sometimes both are possible. a) I'm hearing / can hear a noise outside. Can you see ifit’s the cat? bb). She couln’t taste / didn’t taste the salt so she decicled to add a bit more. Lean smell /‘m smelling the milk to see if tis fresh 4) He wasn’thearing / able to hear the song that clearly because of the noise in the background. ©) [could really feel /1 was really feeling the cold yestercay. I'm sure the temperature had deoppedi below zero. 8) Assoon as they walked into the room they could smell / were smelling gas. )_ Isthe window open? lean feel /’m feeling a draught from somewhere, hh) can sense /’m sensing some resistance from 34 you. Are you not happy with the idea? Complete the sentences with an appropriate verb of the senses. You may also need to use ca, comld orbe able to. a) Tlove _fisiening — to music when I'm working. It really helps me concentrate. b) 1 the noise of the traffic from. my bed, but it doesn't stop me from sleeping. ©) Tean never tell the difference between ‘cheap wines and expensive wines. They all the same to me. ) You whenever the boss is around, the tension in the air ot particularly enengetic today. don’t know why! 1 perfectly until the age of 30, then my eyesight started to deteriorate quite quickly, 8). Idon’t like strong perfumes, I think they x too chemical and unnatural, 1h) My eyes get really tired and achy when I spend t00 long i) When Iwasa ata computer screen, id [used to sitand TV for hours on end. j) When I choose a piece of fruit from the fruit owl, Love to hold itand weight in any hand before I eat it. Are these sentences true for you? If not, rewrite them so that they are.4 Read the text below and underline the most appropriate participle clause. ‘Ss win Pushy passeng airline dispute Fifty-four budget snine passengers, (1) spending / having spent / spent theee hours waiting at Heathrow Airport, were finally informed that their flight had been cancelled due to technical problems, On (2) heaving / having heard / heard the news, one of the older passengers marched up to the aitline office, (@ demanding / having demanded / demanded that they all be put on the next possible fight. However, (@ overbooking / having overbooked / overbooked. the next fight, there was very ltl the altine could do ‘The passengers all crowded around the airline desk, (5) shouting and protesting / having shouted and protested / shouted and protested. They threatened to block access to the other passengers trying to reach the check-ins desks, Finally, (6) wanted / having wanted / ‘wanting to do something to appease the angry crowd, the airline offered all the passengers free fights to the Gestination of their choice. (7) Appeasing / Having appeased / Appeased by this offer, they calmed down, took their seats and waited another three hours before they eventually took off, more than six hours late (22 Listen and check 5 Rewrite the sentences using a participle clause. a) b) a ¢) 2 hy i) d He hadn't really understood what she'd said, so he did the exercise incorrectly. id what she'd sald he did the exorcise inooereotly He’s English, so he fincls it hard to follow them. when they start speaking Czech, Being English ho finds it hard io follow thems when they start speaking Czech We worked really hard at the meeting, s0 we all ‘went out for a meal on the company, 6 Aa He doesn’t know the area very well, so there's a danger he'll get lost. He was cleared of theft by the courts and immediately got his old job back. He was lost in thought and didn’t notice that his train had pulled out of the st ‘She wasn't particularly interested in the talk and decided not to go. James was delayed by the traffic on the motorway, so he was extremely late. Mind 35Vocabulary 1 Look at the anagrams. Rearrange the letters to make verbs associated with seeing. Use the clues to help you. a) zega look thoughtfully for a long time b) menixae look closely or analytically ©) conrigese understand what or who you can see 4) ratd —_youreyes do this when they move around quickly e) rbeosve — watch or notice 8 cnas look over something quickly Underline the correct alternative. a) The doctor gazed / examined f observed the Xray very carefully before speaking. He panicked, his eyes darting / gazing / scanning from side to side, looking for a way out. “He looked at me for a long time and then ‘shook his head. He really didn’t seem to sean / examine / recognise me, @)_ She stood back and gazed / observed / scanned the scene in the room, happy not to be part of it for the moment. b) 9 He scanned / observed / recognised the newspaper, looking for the article they'd just ‘mentioned, f) She examined / gazed / darted out of the ‘window at the pouring rain, thinking of anything but the lesson going on around her. a Replace a word in these sentences with observe, see or recognise. 2) Laden that is not an eosy language to loam, econ b)_ He doesn’t really understand what you are trying to say. Writing in The Times, Steadman wrote that Sats latest novel was a great disappointment, They have finally acknowledged his effort inthe peacekeeping process. ©) ‘Youdon’t seom to be taking your studies very seriously,’ remarked the teacher. £) She said she was thinking of meeting Massimo later that evening, ). Inour family we like to follow all the old New Year traditions, hh) The government have realised that they need to putt more funding into education. ‘Complete the sentences with the words in the box. addiction | phobia docile nap spotted tattered overcome | a) T'vegota__phebla _ about cockroaches. I can’t stand the sight of them, b)_ She was totally and couldn't hold back her tears. by emotion ©) You look tired. Why don’t you havea for twenty minutes? 4) Sam’sdog is very. He sleeps all day ancl lets the children climb all over him. ©) With Micheela’s to chocolate, itfs no wonder she's putting on weight, f) What have you done to that book? Look atthe state oft. W's all__ g) Canyouwaita minute? I think Tjust Rick in the next room, Ineed to speak to him,5 Complete these expressions with mind using the words in the box r 1 alike how off on oat | Lover own bxo. a) mind aw you go &) mind your business c) Tmin minds 4). take yourmind something 3 we of your mind 8) Great minds think f B) mind aller J) the last thing my mind Complete the sentences with the expressions in Exercise 5. Make any changes that are necessary. a) Holidays? You want to book some holidays? I'm sorry, that really is the last thing on my mind at the moment, b) don't mean to sound rude, but you know, she really does ask too many personal questions, wish she'd learn to 9 Im about this job offer, really don’t know what to do. They want an answer today but Ineed more ‘time to think d) Come on, we can doit. Let's give it one more try, Jon, you take that side, [Ul take this one, And remember, I a question of ° BGs oi = Seth Wa been) snowing all night and the roads will be icy. {) Hey! Is that your new phone? I've got exactly the same one. Well, you know what they say, 8) Where have you been? Do you know what time itis? Iwas with worry! 1h) Come ont Let’s go away for a couple of days. Ill help you things. 7 Rearrange the words to form questions, 8) tomorrow leave Is 1 until it this if OK ? [st OK if teave this unl morro? b} please that, repeating mind you Would ? 6} husband May me bring Tomy with ? 4) I mind smoke table at if the you Do ? ¢) awfully mind volume turing Would alittle you the down ? ) please swap with seats, Can you I? 8 Match the requests (a-j) in Exercise 7to these responses (1-6). 1 Tmsorry, but Inced to sitat the end of the row. 2 I'd really prefer it if you could do it today. 3. Why don’t you just move a bit further away? This isa public place, you know. Why? I think Imade my message very cleat Not if you open the window a lite Of course, he's very welcome, afble| 2| 0.23 Listen and check, Pronunciation 1 Write the noun form of the verbs and adjectives below. Sometimes there are two possible forms. 2) stimulate stinulalion ‘b) observe recognise 4) active ©) regular f) creative #) popular bh) perfect i) familiar D anxious 2) Mark the stress on all the words in Exercise 1. (® 24 Listen and check, Notice how the stress changes in the nouns.> im: Listening 4. @25 Cover the scipt opposite and listen to three people talking about stress, Make notes on the following questions. a) What i the cause oftheir stress? Mark: Kay: Li: b) How doesit affect them? Mark Kay: Li ©) Makea note of two things they each do to counter the stress Mark: Kay: Li: Listen again. Which of the three people, Mark (M), Kay (K) or Liz (L) a) suffers from the emotional effects of stress? [| 1b) finds that noise can bea source of stress? || ©). suffer from the physical effects of stress? ] ) doesn’t like spending free time talking about work? | ©) combats stress with physical activities? f) feels the need to do something intellectually challenging? I 8) combats stress with social activities? iL] ‘h) combats stress with domestic activities?) = [_ | Find words or phrases in the recording script that meat a) torelax (Mark) 1b} unable to sit still because they're nervous or bored (Mark) ©) escape (Mark) d) held back, shutin Mark) ©) so boring it makes you depressed (Kay) £) without energy (Kay) g) tolie or sit with knees pulled up sos to make yourself comfortable (Kay) 1h) becoming soft and liquid (Liz) | nina i Mark: key liz Well, I suppose my jab is pretty stressful. All medical staff have prety stressful Jobs, but working in the evident and Emergency department is particulary bad, We have to be ready to react quickly and efficiently, and often people's lives are at stake. Sometimes it can be really exhilarating, but it's also exhausting, both ‘mentally and physically. I find it rally dificult to umivind when Tgo home, I mean, I cant Just go home and sit down and watch TY, of, or read @ book, Tim to0 tense and get really fidgety. Some people find it's good to talk about their work ~ you know, go out for 2 couple of drinks after work and. all that, but T don't. T prefer to get away from it, {o some sport, maybe go running, go to the gym or play a game of squash. Squash fs really good. You an thrash out all the pent-up stress and release all that tension and I find it really helps me just empty my mind and switch off. live about sixty miles auay from where T work, and commute in and eut every day on a really busy cominuter tain. Sometimes there's nowhere to sit down {and you have to stand un all the way. 1 find i really ‘stressful, There are mobile phones ringing all the time, and kids listening to ‘their MP3 players, and the sight of al those bored, ‘rey faces is really soul-destraying, After 2 long day at work T get home feeling totaly drained and it often gives me a headache, [usually run 2 hot bath, play some Soft music and curl up with a {good book for an hour or so, and that really helps, That and cooking ~ I find that all the preparation involved really helps me unwind. {ve got two little boys. ‘One's just turned two and the others nine months ald. They're lovely Kids, but sometimes they just totally ‘exhaust me! They continually ‘want attention, whether they're hungry or tied or just bored, And I know I'm really lucky ‘cos T can afford Not to go to work, so I get to spend atl day with ‘them, and that 2 lot of mothers have to share their energy between work and being with the children, but sometimes I really miss adult company .. being around kids all day can make you feel pretty Stupid .. Toietimes feel Itke my brain is turning to pulp. Sometimes, when Tim really tired and stressed out I just stt down and cry. When it gets that bad, T leave the kids with their grandmother and dedicate @ day to my mind! Going to a filr, oF an art exhibition, reading the newspaper from cover. to cover or maybe just meeting a friend for a tong lunch and some adult conversation,Writing aa friend of yours, Jane, wrote you the following email. She's obviously under lot of stress, Read, Writing an informal email offering advice the email and answer the following questions. Paragraph organisation a) What is the cause of her stress? Useful phrases for offering advice b)_ What effect iit having on her? ©). What advice did her boyfriend give her? Do you 1. Steve receives an email from his friend, Fran. Read. the email. What do you think Fran must have said to him im her email? [bear Fran, | How are you? You sounded really low in your last | email. Are things getting any better? Were you | serious about resigning or were you just going | || through a bad patch? Look, if the job’s really that | | | | || bad, T think you should aive It up. Nothing’s worth | getting that stressed out about. But if you're really | determined! to stick it out — and I know you, you can be really stubborn sometimes — you should really try | looking after yourself a bit better. "m sure you can find ways to delegate sore of your work or to cut down your workload. They really are asking too much | of you. I think the best thing you could do would be to| sit down with your boss and talk about the situation, | || Maybe she does realise the pressure you're under. || | Or maybe you could try asking for a short holiday | | before you literally work yourself into the ground, | | You can’t keep working the way you have been, i'll || | make you ill. Right, sorry, I sound like your mother! | | But seriously, if there's anything I can do, please let me knox. Whatever you decide to do, I'm sure you'll make the right decision and ill all work out fine In ‘the long run, In the meantime, phone me. Vd love to hear from you and maye we can make some plans to| ‘meet up.Take care and don’t let it get you down. | i | | | | | | ee agree with his advice? Hi, how are things with you? \ Von feling pretty miserable actualy. ve gota | terol cole, whieh reall sn helping me suey, and | Iles me fe realy tied, ut stil a matter how | tired I am, | just can’t sleep! | Vee got my nal exanlming atthe end of next month and I'm getting massively stressed out over | them. I’m studying twelve or more hours a day | ‘without stopping, no time to do any sport, not even | ‘enough time to ge shopping! I’m living on junk food | and coffee — not healthy I know, but what can I do? | [really have to pass these exams. | {has a realy bad argument with Tom yesterday. | He was telling me I should take it easy, get out a bit, | that 1 dome good. Tkeow he means wl but he | issuing, be just doesn't understand. Anyway, | Tshaped at him and he ust walked out haven't | sean him sce | Te feos ke th never en semetimes tell me | ‘here's Ife waiting forme ate ll hs! | anesty can't tale uch mre | Anyway, bac toy books | this is over! | again! See you once all Jane | | 5) Which of the following points would you include ‘A huge hug and lots of love, = Steve i a reply to Jane’s email? Is there anything else you would like to add? 8). She must try to eat properly, it'll give her more 2 Look at Steve's email again. Divide the letter into SEER, three paragraphs. b)_ Doing sport really helps boost energy levels and Paragraph 1: Steve (1) xespondis directly to what seu tenn Fran said in her email and (2) offers sympathy and 9) Seeing people is really important to stop her understanding. from getting depressed and touchy. Paragraph 2: Steve (1) offers some concrete advice d)_ Studying in short bursts and taking short breaks: as to how to improve the situation and (2) warns her is far more efficient than slogging away for about the consequences for her health. ‘hours on end. Paragraph 3: Steve (1) makes a funny rematk to ©) She'sa good stucent and has never failed an lighten the tone, 2) lets her know he believes in her exam in her life, why should she fail now? ability to cope with the situation and (8) offers to 1) You were in the same position last year so you help ifhe can understand exactly how she feels. i 8). Offer to cook for her for 2 week. 3. Lookat the email again and underline all the expressions Steve uses to give advice, Can you Write an email o Jane. Be comfoxting without think of any more useful phrases for giving sounding too pushy. Use Steve's letter and the useful phrases in Exercise 3 to help you. You should write between 200 and 250 words.40 Hy in -— i) i 7 Hi) A Digital Grammar 1 Combine the short sentences to make one complex sentence. Use the framework given below and ‘write no more than three words in each gap. ‘Netbooks are inexpensive and light Netbooks appeal toa ‘wide audience. ‘They appeal to business 1 people wha travel frequently. I ‘They appeal to kids and home users. + They are looking, for a small laptop. They want to be able to carry it from room to + They also appeal to students + They have to carry heavy books around with, | them all day | + They con't want the extra weight of 2 full | sizelaptop. Inexpensive and (1) , netbooks appeal toa very wide audience, from ® travel frequently #0 Kids @) users looking (4) laptop which they () from room to room, to students who © heavy books around all day and (7) the extra weight of a full size laptop. | + Speech recognition has reached an important | point in its development. | + With speech recognition you can navigate | your computer without a keyboard and | mouse. the keyboard and mouse. | © You can also write documents without using | ‘* It's much faster with speech recognition. @. has, reached the point where you can actually @. and QO) se iat oi 8 naira nt saceuta fastonthan a with a (12) Digital Look again at the short sentences in the boxes in Exercise 1. Cross out all the words and expressions that are not used in the longer sentences. ‘Write the phrases in the correct order to complete the complex sentences, 1) The perfect computer would be one and light / that is so small / can open out / itcan fit comfortably in your pocket, / to give you / but at the same time / a full size screen / that ig s0 small 'b)_ Think speech recognition coulel 7 with physical disabilities / do so many good things, / to access / quickly and easily / all the functions on their computer / such as help people / « ©) would love tohave .. Yat can park itself, / in the parking space/ lining itself up / and doing / forme! / all that awkward manoeuvring / acar / “Write complex sentences that are true for you. Use the sentence openings below and try to include as ‘much information as possible, a) The next electronic device Tbuy will be a 1b) My idea of the perfect holiday is5. Look at these pairs of sentences. Is the meaning similar (S) or different (D)? 1a). We'll probably have to eat less meat and ish as the agricultural industry cuts back on its carbon footprint. b). Itis likely we'll be eating less meat and fish as the agricultural industry cuts back onits carbon footprint. (s 2 a) We're bound to see someone we know atthe party. b) Wemay wellsce someone we know atthe party. [ 3. a) He could easily change his mind tomorrow when he sees hovy challenging the course is b)__He definitely won't be ofthe same opinion tomorrow when he sees how challenging, the courseis. Ol 4. a) Experts believe that ts highly likly that the present generation of childsen will have an average life expectancy of over 109 years. Experts believe thatthe present generation of children may possibly live to be over 100./__| 5 a} Itis highly unlikely that a cure will ever be foun forthe common cold. b) We'll probably never find a cure for the common cold. 1 Where the two sentences have a different meaning, reverite sentence (b) so that ithas a similar meaning to sentence (a), but using a different future exprossi ‘There are mistakes in five of the following, sentences. Find the mistakes and correct them, to a) Sea levels are likely/ rise by over a metre by the end of the 21* century, b) ‘There well may be more electric cars than traditional petrol fuelled cars on our roads in as Iittle as five years. ©) Inten years! time we could easily be using our body heat to recharge our mobile phones. ) With new advances in nanotechnology, cancer and tumours will certainly almost become a thing of the past. ©) Bicycle sharing schemes could easily become ‘compulsory in most European cities. 1) Scientists are bound to discovering a cure for Alzheimer’s disease by the end of the century. Human beings won't definitely ever be able to ca live to more than 120. |h) Power cuts and fuel shortages could easily become a part of day-to-day life as supplies of fossil fuels dwindle, Look at the sentences again. Which predictions do you think are a) probable b) highly unlikely? ‘Complete the sentences with the expressions in the box so they reflect what you believe and feel about the future. Do not use any expression more than once. will almost cerainly definitely won't | probably won't might well should | couldn't possibly may possibly | is/are sureto is/areunlikelyto | J 4} My children’s generation have an easier life b)_ Advances in technology reverse the process of climate change ©) Inten years’ time 1 working a seven-day week 4) Digital texts take the place of paper books. ) Water become ore precious than ol f) Aviable alternative for fossil fuels be found in the ext twenty years g) My generation live to over a 120 years old by I have to move abroad to find ajobin the next few years. Digital42 Vocabulary 1 Match words from box A with words from box B and label the objects below. A card central ear evening key key remote touch voice wrist B [band board mail contol Resting! | meal pad piece reader screen Mi COT ] i Hl i i ‘Complete the compound nouns. Use one word only in each gap. 1). This revolutionary communication dzize. will soon make mobile phones a thing of the past ) He lives in a really remote area. It's 2 real ‘not spot, there's no wifi and no cellular « You're totally cut off from the world up there! They have a very extensive data n with information on all public transport schedules across the country. 4) The local bus companies have just introduced a new payments__ that allows you to use your mobile phone credit to buy a ticket. ©) The offices are wired up to a security system. that sends a remote a to the local police station. 1) Iwish people would send me a text when they can't get through on the mobile, Thate having to check my ¥, 8). Have you been round to Tom's? He's got this amazing home e system witha flat screen that hooks up directly to his netbook and plays movies and music directly off the internet. hh). Tiind grocery s __ such a drag Thate the queues in the supermarket, and T always end up buying a load of stuff really don’t need. 1) New speech r software will mean that you ean talk to your computer, but only if you have an American accent! I say, old fellow, would you mind terribly printing that off for me ‘again pleas LE thanks awful! yee HEY. OUDE, WHA3 Underline the correct word or expression. a) Theauience were well and truly hyped / wowed by the special effects, )_ Did you know that millions of mobile phones are slick / trashed every year? 6) There was.a delay of overa yeara half before the TY channel finally sold on the idea! ‘went digital. d) The presentation of the new prototype was very, slick / wow and impressive ©) As soon as he saw the sales figures he was completely sold on the idea / trashed! 2) There was so much hype / slick when the film first came out that it was very difficult for it to live up to expectations. 4 Use words or expressions from Exercise 3 to complete the texts below. Tero sch ings bd pba ove | thoeaying goes, but cometizes too much a canbackfie. Take a recent ‘revolutionary’ invention which claimed in | ts predaunch publity that it would profoundly | atfoct the way people lived. The speculation reached dizzying heights and everybody was getting ready to be (2) bya must-have device which would change all our lives overnight. Imagine the disappointment when it turned out tobe nothing more than alow energy scooter! { Do you know, that man could sell ice to Eskimos! | His presentation eas 0 @) | nd clever. Not lo vvertated, at too loud oF | brash, he pitched it just ight for his audience, andl we were all totally (4) I signed up straight away! As more and more schools and colleges prepare t0( traditional textbook writers and publishers are worried. Is this the end of paper books, will all those much thumbed, much loved textbooks now just be |. 2 Will we all convert to etextbooks brought to us on our mobile phones | and ereaders? 5 Complete the sentences using one word in each sap. a) What’sall the soul searching about? It’s not suchabig deal you know. And hey, if you make the wrong decision, you can always change your mind. b) Listen, I've thought it really carefully, and I've decided that the answer is going te have to be no, I'm sorry! Don’t rush things, take your time, this is a really important decision, and remember, once you've taken it, there's no going 4) Stop dwelling on it. There's nothing yout can do to change the past. What's is Forgetitand move on. ©) Now I know I've asked you this before, but are you sure you've thought through all the consequences? 1) Ik’sno good, [just keep going and in circles. 'm never going to be able to make up my mind, 8) Why don't you onitand let me know in the morning? h)_ Come on, what's with the long face? It isn’t the of the worl, is it? @ 26 Listen and check, Pronunciation 1 @27 Listen and underline the stressed part of the compound nouns in bold. a) Can I borrow your mobile phone? >) Whero's the remote control for the TV? ©) Have you had a look atthe travel schedule yet? Isa Killer! ) Isa bit cold. Do you mind if turn up the central heating? ©) [love these touch sereen phones, but they're really diflicult to keep clean. {) That's a really pretiy wristband, Where did you getit? 2 20 Listen again and repeat the sentences, 43mi fi Wil ) Hi Hi HAA Reading Read the text again and answer the questions. a) What new scientific development has been announced at St Andrews university? b) How does it work? ©) What does the reporter compare it to? ) What other similar development does the reporter describe? 1 © 29 Read the news story below and explain the ©) Where and when was the second device first Tink between the story and the pictures 1-4. developed? £) Which use has been criticised by hurnan rights groups? g) Whatare scientists worried about? 2) The fist image shows a man wearing an b) The second image shows auing tid BW aisBSebey to 3. Find words in the text that mean: a) presented (paragraph 1) 6) hides (paragraph 1} The third image shows an image whose the outline is not clear using thenew discovery to (paragraph 1) )_ an optical effect, common in deserts, whereby @) The fourth image seems toshow yyou think you can see something that isn’t but there is actually a Actually there (paragraph 1) hich allows people behind the wall to ©) something that looks very different from what it actually is (paragraph 3) 6) an exclamation used to say that something happens suddenly as if by magic (paragraph 4) 8). tomake something illegal (paragraph 4) Presenting the invisible man! Science fiction finally became fact as ‘The technology behind the cloak is or for airline pilots, who project images rosoarchers at St Andrew's University complex and has taken many, many onto the Hooz ofthe cockpit in order to today unveiled their controversial years of roscarch. Tho key is in the land more safely. new invisibility cloak. Scientists in structure of the meta-malerial which The scteon has alse been used to universities in the UK, USA, India is made up of tiny coneclike shapes substitute for windows. The cloak, or and Japan have boon working hard to Ural bond light around them instead of —sereon, linngs en the wall on the inside develop # new type of metarmaterial reflecting as normal materials do. of a building, the camera is positioned hat can bond light, making the object it ‘This is different to virtual outside, and hey prasto, the people on shiolds appear totally transparent. And invisibility — or oplical camouflage the inside can watch what's happening the result is truly spectacular What as it 1s otherwise known — which on thooutsice—withoutboingobserved. the oye sees isa strange fuzziness, not hecame a scientific fact back in 2003 This last useof the tachnology has been tunlika heat heze on ¢ distant rend on when Japanese resoarchers developed criticised by human rights groups, who ahot summer's day, or a mirage in the an invisibility coat, a supposedly are trying to outlaw its use by polica desert. So far, the largest object they normal, grerm-grey rain coal, which If the virlual invisibility cloak hhave managed to cloak has buen asmall was actually ascrven that could project gives cause for concer, this second box, but the results are truly amazing. realtime images from behind tho discovery. of a real invisibility cloak ‘As tho sciontists lowered the closk person wearing it, making it appear as which could hide people, vehicles and over the box. the lox disappeared in ifthe porson (or at least their coat) were even buildings, is sure to worsy both front of our very eyes. Tt felt like some invisible. This of course was simply a humon rights groups and govornmonts. kind of magic tick. We were expecting highly sophisticated spectal effect, an Tn fact scientists in the UK are alroady someone lo produce it suddenly from optical illusion, but it has proved very calling for government bodies to look Inside their sloove or atop hat. Instgad effleciveas atool Jorsurgeons, who can into the possible furwe logal and the closk was maised, and the box make thoir hands tansparent in order security implications of this exciting, reappeared 10.600 tho pationt thoy are operating on, but worrying, invontion, 44 DigitalWriting Writing a discursive essay Writing an introduction Using discourse markers 1 Which of the following things might you expect to see in the introduction to an essay? 2) An introduction (othe topic, demonstrating why the topic area is worth considering b) Some of yourarguments ©) Your general opinion 4) Abasic repetition ofthe question ©) Evidence to support your arguments 9) Apreview of your conclusion 8) Alist of detailed examples 1h) An outline of what you plan to say 2 Read two introductions to two essays which ace answering the same question. What is the ‘question? a) Who was the greatest inventor of the 20" contury? b) Which was the most important discovery of the last fifty years? ©) What do you consider to be the most important invention of modern times? 3 Read the two introductions again and decide which one is the best. Use your answers to Exercise 1 to help you. Nowadays, the internet plays @ majrrle in many areas of ou society However | dan think teas important as the camera. When we saree using the camera we completely changed our way of recording the past Nowedays neely all faites have got digtal cameras ‘and camcorders ~ or use the same applications on thei mobile phones ~ and use them to record weddings, anniversaries and special moments in hee dayto-cay lives. Before the carrera, people has to record the pas with pangs ana so that is why thee ae far fener recerds of the period before the camera was invented. Di siery scope, ooking back over the last pat of tn 2otn contuy cam thatthe itemet hos had a bigger impact on our lives than any ather recent invention. 1 believe this tobe a rather shortsighted vew of our istry: The Cat te tdentone and the television have all layed 0 Seznicant olin sheping our socket But when t cemes to helping us record our pes, stonaly believe ther i ny ne cancioaa the camera 4 Complete the text with some of the discourse markers in the box. | forthefirst time but then prior to notonly in thissense italso meant that | butwith as wellas | a did the camera change the way we record history, (2) people from all walks of life could participate in creating historical documents for future generations. @ the invention of the camera, nearly all visual recollections of the past were in the form of paintings and drawings, which tended to be commissioned by the nobility or for religion. There were far fewer documents of how normal life was lived. (4) the introduction of the camera, this all changed. (5) people from all areas of life were able to document their lives, ae a M Mi aT SANA i Pa i a Ba eal 0 i va mm i Ny i Wi a /, Hi j \ Rae a ies 7) ii) Hes | i ni Hh 5 Choose an invention and write tree reasons why you think it is the greatest invention of modern times. i Invention Reasons why 1 2 3 6 Write an essay which answers this question, using discourse markers from Exercise 4 ‘What do you consider tobe the most important invention of modern times?" You should write approximately 250 words, Digital46 Grammar 1 Complete the second sentence so it has the same ‘meaning as the first sentence. a) b) ° d) a Katie Brown was listening to the radio in her 1itchen when she heard thatthe radio station ‘was giving away free sports cars, Inher kitchen, listening io the vadia. Katio heard that the radio station was giving away free spor's To win.a sportscar you had to answer three simple questions. What you had Katie put down the potatoes she was pealing and phoned the radio station. Putting, ‘The D] read out the three questions and Katie answered them correctly. ‘The three questions When she went to the radio station to collect her prize, the DJ handed her a 1dem model of a sportscar What the Dy Katie was furious and decided to sue the radio station. Ferious, The court ruled in her favour and ordered the radio station to pay Katie £40,000 for the real car. Ruling Complete the dialogue with an appropriate modal verb. Sometimes there is more than one possible Glen: Hi, Alan, you know that money Ilent Giles? Well, he promised he (1) would pay back the loan within tree weeks, but he @) have forgotten. Alan; Well, didn’t I wam you not to trust him? You) have made ‘him write you out a cheque, then you w have avoided all these problems, Glen: Well, you never know, he (5) have genuinely forgotten, Alan; Well, I think it’s more likely that it's slipped. his mind because it suits him. Anyway, didn’t he say he (6) come over fo see us this weekend? Well, where is he? Glen: Yes, you're right. (7) to have insisted that he gave me a cheque. @ 30 Listen and check. Each of the following sentences has one word rissing. Insert the missing word. would a) She promised she/phone if there were any problems, ce b)_ /'mreally sorry, Ihave been looking where Iwas going. ) Tenow I really ought have phoned sooner, but | was terribly busy. ) His phone was engaged. I suppose he might ‘have talking to his sister. @) I thought he'd have arrived by now —he must got stuck in the traffic. f) Why's the light still on? You should been asleep bynow! 18) You should have tole me there was no food in the house - have gone to the shops. 1h). I'm sorry, [really don’t know where it is -1 suppose might have left it at home.4 Rewrite the following sentences using the modal verb in brackets. a) >) o a ° 2 n Py d He's over an hour late. The only possible explanation is that he's forgotten about the appointment. (must) He's over an hur late. He mush have fattolien bout the appointment ‘Lreally can't afford to buy a new car, it's far too expensive, he explained. (could) She believes it was possibly intentional. (might) [told you to get the boller checked. Now it doosn’t work, it’s freezing and it's the middle of winter (should) “Tl make sure all the doors are locked and all the lights switched off Cathy promised, (would) ‘They can't be the ones who stole the money, they didn’t have enough time. (could) Match the beginnings of the sentences (a-g) with, their endings (7) a) ») ° He was so disappointed with the outcome fof the court case She wasn’t expecting to get the job He hates the fact that he has to work on the night shift ‘There was such confusion over the new voting system He has such a bad reputation for not paying his debts She wasn’t happy to help ‘They were so surprised when he told them that he'd passed his exam that no-one will end him any money. and his wife, who has to spend the evenings alone, does too. that they could hardly believe him. and she wasn’t willing to say why. and she certainly didn’t expect to be offered such a generous salary. that he decided to give up practising law. that many people voted for the wrong candidate Rewrite the sentences in Exercise 5 beginning with the words given below: a) Sodisappointed was he with the oueone of the I'm sure he didn’t know about your ne tg aheve said something. (ad eoucl case thal he decided to give wo practising — law = b)_ She wasnt expecting to get the job, nor I'm disappointed that you didn’t let us know you were coming to town last weekend, (could) Treally don’t know what I dict with my. sunglasses. I suppose it’s possible that I left them at the restaurant. (may) Cara used to be a terrible timekeeper when she ‘was younger. She always turned up late for everything, (would) ° a 2 He hates the fact that he has to work on the night shift and so Such was, So bad She was neither nor Such was,Vocabulary 1 Choose the correct answer. 8) Which ofthese punishanents would a judge probably not give in court? 1 suspended sentence 2 solitary confinement 3 community service ) Which one ofthese crimes involves fire? 1 arson 2 embezzlement 3 speeding ©) Which one of these is the least serious crime? 1 manslaughter 2 speeding. 3 libel 4d) Which of these is nat a lawyer? 1 attorney 2 barrister 3 the accused ©) Which of the following does the judge not de? 1 award damages 2 cross-examine 3 sentence 1) Which of the following does the jury not do? 1 retuma verdict 2 weigh up the evieence 3 sue Use words and phrases from Exercise 1 to complete the sentences below. a) When her company fired her with no advanice notice, Clare decided to sue them for damages. 1b) Twas the worst case of, thatthe fire service had ever seen. 9 bowed her head and tried as the sentence against her was read out to the court d)_ The judge sentenced the two teenage boys to eight months of , stressing that he hoped that helping others would help them see the error of their ways. ©) The counsel for the defence stood up to the witness, but said he hhad no questions to ask {) The case was so straightforward, the jury took only 30 minutes to of guilty, 8) It was the third time he'd been stopped for and on the same Stretch of road! h) The newspaper was cleared of all charges of on the grounds that the story they had previously reported had since been shown to be true. 3° Complete these expressions to do-with law with the words in the box. | above against by down | tou’ a ome witha) re] a) alaw__wifo himself ») lay the law ) taking the law your own hands 4) no-one is the law @) in trouble the law 1) hisword law 2 law ») the law Choose the most appropriate expressions from Exercise 3 to complete the sentences below. a) Its up to the police to control crime. There's no, point in 1b) The police are always going round to his parents’ house. He’s constantly 0) Her father really used to - He would order her to be home by pm 4) He actsas ithe were and can get away with anything, but one day he'll find himself in big trouble €) Youcan never tell how Tony’s going to react. He's 1) The playing of music on the underground is prohibited unless you have a licence. g) Ibis todiivea motorbike without wearing a helmet 1h) When itcomes to a final decision, Jason's — and no-one an contradict him Match the formal words (a-H) to their more neuteal forms (1-8). a) prior to 1 start b) prominent 2 very bad © seek 3 inaddition a) severe 4 before ©). further 5 well-known 8) depict 6 later g) commence 7 askfor hh) in due course 8 show6 Use the words and phrases a-iin Exercise 5 10 8 Write the words in the correct order to form, complete the following extracts from news reports. common idiomatic expressions associated with Make any necessary changes. surprise and disbelief. a) fly and might pigs ! ‘A prominent barrister has been brought to trial for negligence. A former client is b) book can’t you cover judge by a its compensation for damages to his image. ©) waters deep still run TD the court case against football star, Rick Hughes, 2 eh d) one other pull the | ‘save to this week, Hughes has been charged with inflicting injuries on a fan who invaded the pitch during = 9 Match the idioms (-w) in Exercise 8 to their veague game last season meanings (-3). 1 Used for saying that people who are shy or who do not say much often have very strong feelings Part of the exhibition consisted of photos or interesting ideas, the town centre 2 Used for saying you don’t believe what the devastating earthquake. someone is saying to you, Used fo saying you shouka’ orm an opinion about someone or something only from thei ae ce oe considerably more expensiv the present service 4. Used for saying something is completely it will only be available along the impossible. ["} ere Sete ish ‘he Pronunciation 31 Listen to these people expressing surprise, Look at the words in bold and think about whether the speaker's voice is high or low, and rising ar falling. 2) No! You mustbe joking! b}_ Never! Pull the ather one, i's got bells oni ) You dil what? Ican’t believe it ») Come on, you've x___to be kidding! She'd 4) Who did you say? Martin? That just can‘tbe right 7 Complete the exclamations with one word. The fins leter has been given to you. a) Did Thear____ you right? They're going to arrest him? never do anything like that, surely! ©). Really? The two of them? But when? ©) Youdon'te me tobelieve that do you! 1) Well, who'd have thought it, What a dark horset Ive never heard such nonsense in all my lite! Listen again and repeat. dd) Welln 1 Who'd have t it! She really isa dark horse, ist she? ©) Why not? You never can Dave's always known how to surprise us. f) No! That be right! He'd have told me. 8) Promotion? No k__! thought she was thinking about resigning, h) Lola's going to take the whole team out for a meal? Him, TMD, that when I see it.50 Listening 1 32 Cover the script and listen to two friends, Alistair and Sarita, discussing the problems involved in doing jury service. Make a note of ‘what they think is: 8) the main problem b) a possible benefit of doing jury service Listen again and decide if the statements below are true (1) oF false () 4). Neither speaker has done any jury service b). They have both been reading the same article in the newspaper. |] ©) Some employers xefuse to give their employees permission to do jury service 4) Juror ate pt hee nota wage during jury ©) Most people are happy to do jury service. [~ 8) Some cases can last a long time. [ 2). Sometimes jurors are not allowicd to sce their families during jury service. h) Sarita is interested in doing jury service. Complete these extracts from the conversation with an appropriate preposition. 4)... more and more people are trying to get of ft f they can. b) ... there's a problem about taking time 6) sa they don’t actually have to pay your wages when you're jury service 4)... it’s much less than most people earn work . ©) Imean it sounds like a good thing to do theory. 4)... but ifyou're going to be_of pocket 2) «that seems to be what’s____ the rot of the: problem. hb). ... youmight be called tosit___a simple case i)... thejury have tobe isolated __the press Listen again and check. Alistair Sarita ‘Aistair Sarita Alistair Sarita Alistair Sarita Alistair Sarita Alistair Sarita Alistair Sarita Alistair Sarita Alistair Sarita Alistair Sarita Have you ever done any jury service? No, Thhaven't. Why ae you asking? Oh, nothing... just that Ive been reading this thing in the paper about how more and move people are trying to get out of it if they cen. feally? Td have thought id be quite interesting. Yeah, so would I, but it seems that theres a problem about taking tie off work. Yeah? hat, lke their bosses won't give them time off? No, no, that’s not the problem. 1 mean your employer has to let you off. Lean, they ‘ant refuse to give you the time off No, no, Sometimes they might actually be really happy to let you off you know, ‘cos they don't actually have to pay your wages when you're on uy sevice, ‘re you sure? That seems very strange, Well Think fs tru, thats what it says here any. But if youre not being pate hardly very fair, 5 12 T think you get some kind of allowance .. you know, the court ale you tke a dally allowance anhilst youe on jury service, That sounds move like it I mean, they cant force you to do something without offering some compensation Yeah, but apparently ies not a lot... Lmean, its inuch less than most people eam at work, so lots of jurors are doing everything they can to get ‘ut of doing thet stint Mmm, yeah, see... I think Tnould too... 1 mean, it sounds like a good thing to do in theory w. you know, interesting to find out exactly how our system of justice works and all OF that, but if youte going to be out oF pocket Well. Yeah, that seems to be whats atthe root of the problem, That andthe time i takes sometimes, ‘What do you mean? Well you might be called to sit on a simple case hich only takes a matter of days, but some (236: can go on for weeks... oF months even, Yeah, and what about if you get called onto some hich profile case... you know something that’s in the news, The pressure must be really tough: Yeah, the jury have to be isolated from the press sometimes they can't even spzak to their own fanilies Welln that ease, I think Yd tay to wrigate out oft too! Tmean that’sWriting 4 Writing a short report Reporting statistics Read the report and choose the best title. a) One in five youngsters are criminals. b) Youth crime is an the increase. ©) Loss of jobs main factor in increased youth, Read it again and complete the text with the words and phirases in the box. compared with figures overa quarter thanby those | the vast majority an average [more likely was found (1) __Fiaures in his years annual evime report show that more thar 20% of young peor between the ges of 10 and 25 commited at least one crime during the tase 12 rants.) 28%) of these offenders admit to omiting six or mor ines. Boys are (3) to have offended than ail, ith 31 of boys admiing wo offences ). 18% of gels, More crimes were committed by young offenders under 185) between 18 and 25, The peak age for offending (6) tobe 13-16, specially among boys. is no surprise, however, that (7) of young. offenders (more than 80%) under the age of L6 ‘were also tants, missing (8) of 25-20 days of school a year Police representatives have once again stressed thatthe ‘only way to fight youth crime is to keep young people in ccducation, Look at the figures and information in the charts opposite and complete the sentences. a) % of men who go to prison. for 12 months reoffend within 12 months, » % oF women who go to paison for 12 months zeoffend within 12 months, ©} The commonest crime for reoffenders is 4) by reoffenders account for 18% of erimes ©) Bx-prisoners often reoffend because they cannot geta 1) Amongst prisoners who go on job taining programmes, “do not find ‘work when they are released Amongst prisoners who find 80% do not reoffend: Reoffending statistics znzos oe PTET HT TOE ET TTS Percentage of people released after a one-year sentence nfo reoffend wihin ane year “Types of crimes committed by reoffenders Za PrOKPOCKETING EDD REASONS FOR REOFFENDING: No possibility of getting a job, boredom, lack of money. TRAINING: of pnsoners who receive job training (e.g. or construction), 60% find work when released, EMPLOYMENT: Only 20% of ex-prisoners wmo find stable employment reotfend Write a report based on the figures in Exercise 3. Start with a brief introduction and then cover the following points in whatever order seems best to you. It should be no longer than 250 words. © the percentage of reoffenders amongst men and ‘women © reasons why people reoffend ‘© a suggestion of what the government could do. to help reduce the figures © the types of crime they commit when they reoffendDy Pa a Grammar 1. Underline the correct alternative. “The average adult needs about eight hours sleep a |) sieht Sore stuctes, however /yet/ although, suszost diy, Bebe tea en nour more seep tan men, bd Alida eal iu bore bed is not recommended 1) cating a gral) snack, yet though / although, can |) actualy help you sees. 1E< Men tend ocean more about men, however / but TM) even though yanen, acceraing to research, dream __Bavaly abeut nen and women, We Ney offen dream about oursetves, despite / Use i eee fila canistonre ou Lees rntieveisoa a 7 despite they have their eyes open and a ‘even engage in conversation, Janlmals such as coves and elephants can sleep ii i eee Even though / Despite / However many yoars of | « J] [eect tie sti natkrcun wrens fish steop ata. | DBA Blenpone knows the expression thinking on your ah 1) fe, ets almougn even so studies have shown that | oh Bletsee We think 10% faster vinen we are ving oo 2 Complete the news items with the words in the boxes. re ~ = 1 | bur despite eventhough though | CONSIDERATE CAR THIEF J0e Davis of wim s stil furious, (1) _even dhouoh the thief ‘at ifled through his car and teck his CDs, cash, otver's licence and crei¢ cards lft nice note behind “he note reed: You neve amazing est in music. Don't worry about your ered cards and driver's Reence ~ know J can'tuse them. afer tonight at east. Serously 2 ‘ack your corin the future” The mole was hendwrtien and signed Put a ‘he ties audacity his or her identity rermains unknown Police say tat a hit leaving a note is rae, @ that car burglaries are not A) signe even though, despite however nevertheless yet FAKE PHONE FELONS Employees at 2 mobile phone store aived at work on ‘Tuesday morning to find thatthe store tad been vroken into. 8) the oniy items missing were hollow replica display phones, © they look real, they are completely ‘worthless, said store manager Eva Martinez. "We've Zot hundreds of real hones on the premises 7) the thieves just walked right past tnem. I's a myst @ the minimal oss, the store owners a. sported the theft to local police, who are investing [but despite however that said [yas tmignt THE CRATE ESCAPE John Franklin, a cleaner from inci, decided last manth +0:post himself to hs best fiend as a birtiday surprise He cimived into a large crate end got his wife to post him ‘0 his friend's house thirty miles avay (10) ‘ the crate went missing and (11) IM Frenkin’s shouts and frantic aanging, his pight was not discovered for shedays. (12) + Just could get anyone's ) Treally regret © Koaly 5 Freddie went toa party last night. Rewrite his © Honly, oo regrets using the words in brackets. ee a) Why on earth did T drink so much? (really wish) 4) Fd have Hked Liscaly wish F fads! drunk 30 moh ) Ishouldn’thave eaten so much. really ee) Bron unciation ©) Tear’ believe danced with Anna! (wish) 1. G34 Inspeech had, would and have are often contracted, Listen to how they ate pronounced in @) Isa pity I didn’t get to speak to Katie. (If only) these sentences, a) Twish you had been there. ©) [sang/Twill survive’ at karaoke! (60 wish) 0) Arpad boy appeased f) made a fool of myself. (so regret) 2 How would the following sentences sound with had, would and have contracted? a) Honly [had gone out last night. b) Iwish Thad had more time. ©) you had been there, you would have loved it 4). Twould like to have gone with you. ©) Peter would have loved it too, 35 Listen and check. Repeat the sentences.Vocabulary 4 Complete the descriptions with the words phrases and phrases in the box. 1. Find ten times of day in the puzzle. One has been ' ; done for you. The words go>, Vand s. | allnight long early night her right | nightcap — nightlife night on the town | HeeDai se | U | NSPS ey Tee wit folwlcletalt | DIBIG/K]IN/I RI T]sy et AJUITY]H/|S]O/}Q/L]D Wale AS. | Hele TLR iO teHseD. wlalxlelalelmlN a DePAgiey 8 | Hal ea Acleks iY & TSE SERA) Teyiine Tee eWe eek oes stbe aed AL idshiUs Sia eS 2 Complete these times of day by adding the missing letters. a) the middle of the mught b) th w__ smi hos Q frst thag on th mmng @) Lst thing tn ght e) th nck f dwn ) md-fim_n 3. Complete the sentences with the times of day in Exercise 2 2) Sam phoned me from Australia in He middle of the night last night. 1 think it was about thiee- thily. He'd forgotten about the time difference! b) Ive been waking up at lately. [think it's the sun coming through the curtains that’s waking me up. ©) Welllty and set off Well haye lunch and then pack, #01 guess about threeish @) We stayed up chatting into last night. think it was about tivo when we finally went to bee. ©) like to ead in bed for half an hour -lIthelps me get to sleep. 8) Mleall you What time do you get up? 2) They're having a hh). She's having an J Mion5 Underline the correct alternative. a) Tt took me ages to drop offf out ast night. b)Tlike a glass of wine atthe end of the day to help me wind away / down. 6). Teouldn’t get to sloop lastnight. I was still totally groggy J alert at two in the moming. <4). Twas so tired last night I slept like a tree flog. ©) Iwent out like a light / night lastnight. ) Tneneighbours were having an all-night party last night. I didn’t get a nod / eink of sleep. 8) I'vealways been a light / gentle sleeper. The slightest thing wakes me up. hh) Inced a few days rest to recharge my power! batteries. 6 | Match the expressions in bold in Exercise 5 with expressions with a similar meaning (1-8) relax 4 fall asleep slept soundly completely awake hhad a sleepless night fell asleep immediately renew my energy levels woken up easily when disturbed 7 Put the words in italics into the corzect order in these dialogues. a) A: Are you doing anything tonight? B: have No, what did mind? in you Mo_what did you have in mind? b) A: fo you What tis evening? are up B: Nothing special ) A: drink you go a like ‘a wondering Tans if sometime? to for B: That sounds great! I'd love tol d) A: Fancy coming over for a bite to eat tonight? B: tonight. going but out you, really That's Kind of Um ¢) A: Are you free on Thursday evening? Br ‘mom them “ve something 1 afraid got I ) A: How about a game of tennis on Friday? Bs Saturday. free make cart but Fm 1 Friday, “on 8 Complete the conversation with the words in the box. | fancied eyes mind shame sounds [sometime time ap up Alex: HiiJim it's Alex. What are you (1) up to tonight? Jim: I'm pretty busy actually. 'm up to my 2) swith work at the moment. Alex: Oh, that’sa (3) Iwas wondering if you (4) going fora drink? Jim: I'd love to, but as Isaid, I'm really tied 6)__Some other (6) perhaps. Alex: OK, never (7) Maybe 6 next week? Jim: Yes, that 9) good about along could fancies good | make say then to Alex: How (10) Monday or Tuesday? Jim: Tuesday sounds (11) We (12)__check out that new bar on. Ship Street. Alec: OK. Thearit's pretty good. Bight thirty? Jim: Fine, Actually, could we(13)____ita bit lates? (14) nine thirty? I've got my sister over for dinner Alex: Fine. Why don’t you bring her (13) 2 Thaver’t seen her for years. Jim: OK, Il see i she (16) it Alex: Great, half nine on Tuesday (17) Jim: OK, looking forward (18) it Alex: See you. Bye. Jim: Bye. @ 36 Listen and check. NightReading 1 @37 Read the ext. Which two ofthe following ate not mentioned as a reason why we sleep? a} toenable the brain to organise information b)_ toallow the brain to rest and recover ©) ecause there i at night 4) toallow muscles and other tissue to rest 6) allow the body to grow and repair itself 4) because there is nothing to do at night too much demand on the brain 2 Read these statements and decide if they are true (Dor false (F) according to the text. a} Allanimals sleep. | b) Experts know why wesieep. |_| ©) Body growth occurs at night.) 4) Children who get too much sleep can have growth problems. ©) Adults who do not get enough sleep are more likely to get ill. | #) Our ancestors had no reason to be awake at night. | ) The chemical adenosine s produced when we sleep. 1h) The level of adenosine in the bocly is related to how tired we feel 3. Find a word in the text which means: a) causing difficulties (paragraph 1) 1b) not having what you need (paragraph 1) ©) agreement among all people (paragraph 1) ) spend time thinking about what has happened. (paragraph 2) ©) recover (paragraph 3) 1) atime when someone ar a machine is not working (paragraph 3) 8). prevented from growing correctly (paragraph 4) 1) likelihood of being affected (paragraph 4) 4) ordinary, lacking excitement (paragraph 5) j)_ argued about (paragraph 6) 1 Night Why do we sleep? Every animal does it and humans on average need between six and nine hours of it each day. And if we don't get enough of it, we suffer the disruptive effects of deprivation such as the inability to perfoxn mental and physical tacks. And yet, despite centuries of research into it and the existence of numerous theories, there is still no general consensus on why we doit One theory is that sleep enables the brain to ‘take stool of the day that has [ust finished and to organise and archive the information and the memories that arise from it. Dreams have long been thought of as a by-product ofthis process, Another theory is that sleep provides @ period of ental inactivity so that the brain can rest, recharge itself and recuperate; a kind of dally ‘down time’ | | | The biological view is that sleep Is the time when | the body grows and repairs itself. Growth hormone | is released when we slaop and proteins, the body's | building blocks, are crested at night, Studies have || shown that growth in chileren can be stunted by sleep | deprivation and in adults, insufficient sleep increases | susceptibility to disease, However, while there is sill possibly some truth in all | these theories, there may be a rather more prosaic | _ explanation for why sleep evolved. itis thought that our | ancestors slept simply because at night they couldn't | s9e and couldn't do anything to sustain themselves, In other words, thera was nothing for them to do and it made sense for them to use this time to rest and conserve energy, While experts can't agree on why we sleep, the cause of sleep is not disputed. A chemical called adenosine builds up with brain activity during the day and it is believed that ance a certain concentration is reached, the chemical begins to ‘shut off connections in the brain, making us feel tied. The mora brain activity there is during the day, the more adenosine is produced and the tireder we get 4 What do you think the textis? a) anews article b) alletter from a doctor ©) the abstract of an academic paper 4) a student essay for school or universityWriting Writing an essay Using concessive discourse markers 1. Look at the essay ‘Why do we sleep?” on page 56 and do the following tasks. a) Number the following sections in the order in which they occur in the essay: Summary of research to date What experts agree on [~] Background [~~] me The theories (] Find an example of where research is mentioned 0 support a theory. ») ‘What two other words are used instead of Q ‘theory’ in paragraphs 4 and 5. 3 d) Find five concessive discourse markers, 2 Complete the sentences with the words in the box. Use each word or phrase once. | another theory despite however | one theory while yet Everyone dreais but docs? always remember then “Why do we dream? ml’ ¢ BIOLOGICAL VIEW a) Weall need sleep, knows precisely why we need it. no-one » many years of research, there is no consensus ° is that sleep enables the brain to organise information. a is that sleep allows the brain a period of rest. ©) Some people can survive on just four hours sleep a night. , most people need between six and nine hours a night. sa experts agree on the ‘chemical cause of sleep, their opinions differ when it comes to why we sleep. You are going to write an essay that answers the question Why do we dream?” + Usesome or all of the notes below for your essay: Add any other information you like, + Plan the order and the content of the paragraphs. + Think about how to expand the notes into complete sentences, and how fo connect the sentences and paragraphs + Try touse concessive and other discourse markers. + Write your essay. You should write about 250 words on Dreains most vivid durieg rapld aye movement (REM) phase of sleep — brain activity at maxiinain ) psvcwovotcan view i Experts say dreams Experts say dreasns sweanungfil wcaniiegless in 1 \ faut vane Several theories — | Decades of research, / i | Brust continuces means theories 10 oraants represent Breie terproting Brain taking stock 10 be active sagle consents — unconscious noises during of day, organising daring wight | desires (Signuned deep, 0g. sound of end archiving brain Streets pape gee Freud view) — a radio,car going information ~ activity, but me above ondy by, vain. ce brace, bombarded. exBernad cortex theories, dificult Study: people with sights, sounds scgenues ftom. to research, may exposed to noises tte during day, strange rede ‘when asleap, ruin cant prncess | ansiver Arent aboue — Mestantanrcousty, those tings dress0 le asleep58 Grammar 1 Complete the article by putting the verb into the correct passive form. You do not need to use the auxiliary verb be in some eases. ER wn Li | Tn the 1939 movie classic The Wizaed of Oz, Dorothy | () is given (give) a patr of magical roby slippers. | Inthe original story the shoes were silver, but they )e) (change) to ruby red to take | advantage ofthe new Technicolor film process. The shoes | have become one ofthe most iconic images from the film, | ne) (believe) that seven pairs of | Dorothy's red slippers (4) (create) for | the film. Today the whereabouts of only four pairs i) (kn). | One paris in the Smithsonian Institution, two others | (own) by private collectors, anda | fourth pair (7) (steal) in 2005 from the Judy Garland Museum and (8) {yet/be) recovered |The last pairto come up forsale (9) | (ell) atauction by Christie's for $666,000. | Apairofshoes which (10) | by Dorothy's ruby slippers (21), | (recently/put) on sale at Harrods department store in London with a price tag f £2 million. (inspire) ‘The red satin stilettos (12) (weave) from platinum thread and (13) (seth with 642 rubies. After pictures (14) {take} for the press, the shoes (15) (place) ina | bulletproof case and (16) (guard) at all, times. Footprints 2 Rewrite the sentences using the passive form of the verbs. Omit the agent if this is not known, irrelevant or obvious. ‘wl ‘The world’s most expensive shoes a) American designer Stuart Weitzman made the ‘world’s most expensive shoes, The world’s most expensive ” American desionor Stuars Waitznan, b) Experts value the shoes at $3 million. Princess Yasmin Aga Khan, the daughter of legendary actress Rita Hayworth, currently ‘owns the shoes. 4) The shoes’ centropiece is a pair of earrings that the actress had once worn ©) Kathleen York, a nominee, wore the shoes at the (Oscars in 2006. 4) There is now a pair of Weitzman shoes every year at the Oscars and there is always great excitement about who will wear them. g) Weitzman has sold several other pairs of his shoes for over $1 million,3° Complete the text with the correct passive form of the verbs in the boxes. You do not need to use the auxiliary verb be in some cases. make photogcaph overtake | ‘This is one of the most famous photographs (2) _ever éaten _ and shows what is perhaps the most famous footprint in history. ‘The footprint (2) and @ by Buzz Aldrin during NASA’s 1969 Apollo 11 mission as part of an experiment to study the nature of lunar dust. ‘The dust (4) to compact easily, leaving this iconic impression of the boot. 1 | not disturb eventually erode leave make | Because there sno weather on the Moon, Aldrin’s footprint (5) for millions of years until it (6) by micrometeorite impacts. Footprints (7) onthe Moon by a total of twelve astronauts along with tye tracks (8) by the Lunar Rover vehicle in the later Apollo missions. [ive nay discuss preiet speak | Aldrin was in fact the second man to walk on the Moon, the honour of being the first ©) to Neil Armstrong, the mission commander, Aldrin, however, can dlaim the first words (10) from the Moon: “Tranquility Base. The Eagle has landed.’ Today, over forty years later, the next generation of manned flights to the Moon (11), ‘And it (12) that by 2030 there may even be human footprints on Mars. Complete the sentences comparing the countries’ ecological footprints. Use each word or phrase in the box once. | Ecological footprints hectares needed per person | | xe hall | | sees i | } eat lla | | il | I | sain ial | | | a adil tt lid | bpfer considerably just somewhat | nothing ike very slightly 2) The USA ecological footprint is by far __ the biggest of those shown. 1b) Spain's ecological footprint is bigger than Italy's ©) Finland’s footprint is as big as Australia’s 4) Brazil's footprintis less than the global average, ©) Bangladesh's footprint is smaller than the other counties’. 1) The other countries’ ecological foorprines are as biggas the USA's, Write sentences to show your own opinion. Use the words given and choose a word from the box. [fac alot infinitely much way abit | [alittle slightly just nowherenear | a} football / rugby / exciting Raby is far more exciting than foolball b) skiing / snowboarding / dangerous ©) Brad Pitt / Johnny Depp / goodslooking d) being happy / being rich / important 2) playing computer games / shopping / fun 8) writing English / speaking English / easyVocabulary 1 Complete the news headlines with the words in the box. r [energy-efficient cally grown | organic recycled renewable | solarpowered sustainable EE Restaurant to use only __docaily grown produce to support region's farmers [BJ Massive investment in wind power as 50% of world’s energy to be from resources by 2050 Not enough sun in UK for cars say experts El sales of. produce fall during economic crisis i new washing machine to cost one cent per wash a tourism is only way to avoid loss of minority groups EA Glossy magazine industry urged to use panies papery 2 Match the sentence beginnings (a~) with their endings (I-9). a) pat my 1 feet b) I've got itchy 2 foot down. ©) Tvegota 3. foot in the door. 4) Lwvaited on him 4 hand and foot eT [2a ) Bele [o-2.at}utiu anid ¢) Iputmy 5 foot init. f) Lneed to stand on 6 feet. g) Igotcold 7 foot wrong, h) Iputmy 8 feet up. i) Idicn’t puta 9 my own two feet. Footprints Find expressions in Exercise 2 that have similar meaning to the sentences. a) Taccidentally said the wrong thing. It was quite embarrassing. b) I've had enough of this place. Ineed to travel. ©) I’ve been introdiueed to the boss of the company ancl he seems quite interested in me. @) Vid absolutely everything forkim, 6) very firmly said ‘no! 1) really must be more independent. 2) Tehanged my mind at the lost minute ‘h) Trelaxed for a while. i) didn’t make a single mistake. Complete the crossword with the names of the different kinds of footwear.5 Complete the dialogues with the words in the box. arm defeatist do gained go | go good happy know point | twisted ventured want | a) A: B: Yeah Ithink you should ___go__ for Do you think Tought to apply for the job? it, 6 Look at the example and write similar sentences using What's the point of .., if... Add two sentences of your own, a) buy a piano / not going to learn to play it What's she point of buying a plano if you're not going. to learn to play ie b) have a well-paid job / never spend anything bb) A: Aaaregh! Ill never get it right! Rare idee neo ©) go onholiday / always phoning the office 9) A: Timsure1 won't be able to sort the computer - out myself, BIS worth giving ita 4) joina gym / never go @) As Pm not sure about going out tonight, And I can't really afford it to be honest. B: Goon, it'll you ©) getanew mobile / nothing wrong with your @) A: Leeally shouldn't have a dessert. 'm trying old one to lose a few kilos, B: Goon, you vyou toreal 2: 9 f) A: Come on, come with ws B: Ohalright, you've ny @) A: Fd much rather go fora pizza. I'm notin the 8 mood for an Indian. BOK then, if make you hh) A: You should talk to your boss if you're pba unhappy. Pronunciation B: What's the rhenever listens, gy ee ee ® 40 Listen to these sentences and underline the ‘What's the point of asking him? B: Well, nothing nothing i} 39 Listen and check. most stressed word in each sentence, a) Russia is far bigger than China. 1b) The book is way better than the film, Which do you think is the most stressed word in each sentence? a) Computer games are way better than they used tobe. 1b) The film is nowhere near as good as the book. ©) Canada is only slightly bigger than the USA, 4). Soccer is nothing like as popular as baseball ) The bus is only a bit cheaper than the train. 8) Computers are infinitely more user-fiendly these days. (©.41 Listen and check. Repeat the sentences. FootprintsListening 1. @42 You are going to listen to a radio interview ‘with Hannah, who backpacked around Vietnam. As you listen, put the following topics into the order in which she talks about them. 8) The places she visited | b) The impact of tourists | ©). The Vietnamese people ] 4) Her first impressions of Vietnam i ©) How she travelled around the country | 2 Answer the questions, Listen again to check. 8) Hannah's first impressions of Vietnam were generally 1 positive 2 negative 3 indifferent b) Hannah wae surprised that Saigon was so modem 2 busy 3 interesting ©} Tourists in Vietnam tend to 1 stay injuston place 2 take different routes 3 take the same route 4) Travelling around Vietnam is J frustrating 2 easy 3 difficult ©) How does Hannah feel about visiting ‘minority villages’? 1 She thinks itis fine 2 She thinks we shouldn't it 3 She thinksit is both a good and a bad thing 4) Circle the words that describe the Vietnamese people according to Hannah caring happy helpful unhelpful indifferent delicate welcoming selexed friendly 3. Hannah says, I would suggest the "leave only footprints” motto’ What does she mean by this? 4 Complete these expressions from the listening with the words in the box. What do the expressions mean? Listen again and check. ae a) hustle and b) a happening 9 awelktrodden €)_ worth checking ©) soakup the 8) watch the world go. Footprints Presenter: Hanna Presenter: Hanriah: Presenter: Hannah: Presenter: Hannah: Presenter: Hannah: Hannah, what were your fist impressions of Vietnam? ‘yas amazed from the moment I arived in Szigon. The city is huge, jammed with traffic ‘and people on the move everywhere. The backpacker area was really a happening place with lots of hustle and bustle, [e's a very ‘exciting city and there's so much to see and ¢o fn Saigon, And tts really quite modern, whieh 1 wasnt expecting ‘And you traveled around the country, didn't you? Yes, from south to north, It's along narrow county, so the route you tale is pretty well determined for you, Te’ a well trodden path and you keep seeing the same faces all, the time, The best way to get around is by bus, You can hop on and off along the way whenever and wherever you ike its very well, set up. For me the highlights were Hue, which if you're interested in the Vietnam Wr, then this isthe place to get your fix. And loved Hanoi, the capital, which fs a beautiful city and much more unspoilt than Saigon - theie ate lots of amazing little markets that are definitely worth checking out It's the perfect place to soak up the atmosphere and watch the world go by. Fom there we went to Sapa, in the very north, which has some great walks ‘in the hils through lots of tiny ‘minority’ villages Your experiences of ‘minority villages in Vietnam were mixed, Tell us a bit about this. Well this whole issue fs very delicate. As tourists we want to find the ‘authentic thing = remote, untouches, traditional villages, Yet the moment that tourists go to such places we affect them and disrupt the authenticity. 1's a real dilemma though, as visiting these villages does generate money for the people who tive there So how can backpackers ensure that they dort have a negative impact on villagers? would suggest the leave only footprints motto and doa't give money directly to locals as it does affect the local economy on a drematle scale. 1¢S important to support Sustainable tourism, leaving the minimum possible impact on the society that you have Inflated. ‘And finally, ffs possible to generalise, what are the Vietnamese people like? ‘found them to be very easygoing and friendly, [think that the Buddhist region ‘encourages that, Lots of goed karma, Most pe9ple along the way were very happy to help us and we Flt very welcome at all times