PROBLEM 11.

47
The elevator shown in the figure moves downward with a constant velocity
of 4 m/s. Determine (a) the velocity of the cable C, (b) the velocity of the
counterweight W, (c) the relative velocity of the cable C with respect to the
elevator, (d ) the relative velocity of the counterweight W with respect to
the elevator.

SOLUTION
Choose the positive direction downward.
(a)

Velocity of cable C.
yC + 2 yE = constant
vC + 2vE = 0
vE = 4 m/s

But,
or
(b)

vC = 2vE = 8 m/s

vC = 8.00 m/s W

Velocity of counterweight W.
yW + yE = constant
vW + vE = 0 vW = vE = 4 m/s

(c)

vW = 4.00 m/s W

Relative velocity of C with respect to E.

vC/E = vC vE = (8 m/s) ( +4 m/s) = 12 m/s
vC/E = 12.00 m/s W

(d )

Relative velocity of W with respect to E.

vW /E = vW vE = (4 m/s) (4 m/s) = 8 m/s
vW /E = 8.00 m/s W

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59

PROBLEM 11.48
The elevator shown starts from rest and moves upward with a constant
acceleration. If the counterweight W moves through 30 ft in 5 s, determine
(a) the acceleration of the elevator and the cable C, (b) the velocity of the
elevator after 5 s.

SOLUTION
We choose positive direction downward for motion of counterweight.
yW =

At t = 5 s,

1
aW t 2
2

yW = 30 ft
30 ft =

1
aW (5 s) 2
2

aW = 2.4 ft/s 2

(a)

Accelerations of E and C.
Since
Thus:
Also,
Thus:

(b)

aW = 2.4 ft/s 2

yW + yE = constant vW + vE = 0, and aW + aE = 0
aE = aW = (2.4 ft/s 2 ),

a E = 2.40 ft/s 2 W

yC + 2 yE = constant, vC + 2vE = 0, and aC + 2aE = 0

aC = 2aE = 2(2.4 ft/s 2 ) = +4.8 ft/s 2 ,

aC = 4.80 ft/s 2 W

Velocity of elevator after 5 s.

vE = (vE )0 + aE t = 0 + (2.4 ft/s 2 )(5 s) = 12 ft/s

( v E )5 = 12.00 ft/s W

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60

PROBLEM 11.49
Slider block A moves to the left with a constant velocity of 6 m/s.
Determine (a) the velocity of block B, (b) the velocity of portion D of
the cable, (c) the relative velocity of portion C of the cable with respect
to portion D.

SOLUTION
From the diagram, we have
x A + 3 yB = constant

Then

v A + 3vB = 0

(1)

and

a A + 3aB = 0

(2)

(a)

Substituting into Eq. (1)

6 m/s + 3vB = 0
v B = 2.00 m/s W

or
(b)

From the diagram

yB + yD = constant

Then

vB + vD = 0

v D = 2.00 m/s W

(c)

From the diagram

x A + yC = constant

Then

v A + vC = 0

Now

vC = 6 m/s

vC/D = vC vD = (6 m/s) (2 m/s) = 8 m/s

vC/D = 8.00 m/s W

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61

PROBLEM 11.50
Block B starts from rest and moves downward with a constant
acceleration. Knowing that after slider block A has moved 9 in. its
velocity is 6 ft/s, determine (a) the accelerations of A and B, (b) the
velocity and the change in position of B after 2 s.

SOLUTION
From the diagram, we have
x A + 3 yB = constant

Then

v A + 3vB = 0

(1)

and

a A + 3aB = 0

(2)

(a)

Eq. (2): a A + 3aB = 0 and a B is constant and

positive a A is constant and negative
Also, Eq. (1) and (vB )0 = 0 (v A )0 = 0
v A2 = 0 + 2a A [ x A ( x A )0 ]

Then
When | x A | = 0.4 m:

(6 ft/s)2 = 2a A (9/12 ft)

a A = 24.0 ft/s 2

or

W

Then, substituting into Eq. (2):

24 ft/s 2 + 3aB = 0
aB =

or

24
ft/s 2
3

a B = 8.00 ft/s 2 W

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62

PROBLEM 11.50 (Continued)

(b)

We have

vB = 0 + a B t

At t = 2 s:

24

vB =
ft/s 2 (2 s)
3

v B = 16.00 ft/s W

or
yB = ( yB )0 + 0 +

Also
At t = 2 s:
or

y B ( y B )0 =

1
aB t 2
2

1 24

ft/s 2 (2 s) 2 
2 3

y B (y B )0 = 16.00 ft W

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63

PROBLEM 11.51
Slider block B moves to the right with a constant
velocity of 300 mm/s. Determine (a) the velocity
of slider block A, (b) the velocity of portion C of
the cable, (c) the velocity of portion D of the
cable, (d ) the relative velocity of portion C of the
cable with respect to slider block A.

SOLUTION

From the diagram

xB + ( xB x A ) 2 x A = constant

Then

2vB 3v A = 0

(1)

and

2aB 3a A = 0

(2)

Also, we have

vD + v A = 0

Then
(a)

xD x A = constant

Substituting into Eq. (1)

2(300 mm/s) 3v A = 0

or
(b)

From the diagram

Then
Substituting

(3)

v A = 200 mm/s

W

vC = 600 mm/s

xB + ( xB xC ) = constant
2vB vC = 0
2(300 mm/s) vC = 0

or

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64

PROBLEM 11.51 (Continued)

(c)

From the diagram

Then
Substituting

( xC x A ) + ( xD x A ) = constant
vC 2v A + vD = 0
600 mm/s 2(200 mm/s) + vD = 0

v D = 200 mm/s

or
(d)

We have

vC/A = vC v A
= 600 mm/s 200 mm/s

vC/A = 400 mm/s

or

W

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65

PROBLEM 11.52
At the instant shown, slider block B is moving
with a constant acceleration, and its speed is
150 mm/s. Knowing that after slider block A
has moved 240 mm to the right its velocity is
60 mm/s, determine (a) the accelerations of A
and B, (b) the acceleration of portion D of the
cable, (c) the velocity and change in position of
slider block B after 4 s.

SOLUTION

xB + ( xB x A ) 2 x A = constant

From the diagram

Then

2vB 3v A = 0

(1)

and

2aB 3a A = 0

(2)

(a)

First observe that if block A moves to the right, v A and Eq. (1) v B . Then, using
Eq. (1) at t = 0
2(150 mm/s) 3(v A )0 = 0
(v A )0 = 100 mm/s

or

Also, Eq. (2) and aB = constant a A = constant

v A2 = (v A )02 + 2a A [ x A ( x A )0 ]

Then
When x A ( x A )0 = 240 mm:

(60 mm/s) 2 = (100 mm/s) 2 + 2a A (240 mm)

or

aA =

40
mm/s 2
3

a A = 13.33 mm/s 2

or

W

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66

PROBLEM 11.52 (Continued)

Then, substituting into Eq. (2)

40

2aB 3
mm/s 2 = 0
3

aB = 20 mm/s 2

or
(b)

a B = 20.0 mm/s 2

W

From the diagram, xD x A = constant

vD + v A = 0

Then
Substituting

aD + a A = 0
40

aD +
mm/s 2 = 0
3

or
(c)

We have

vB = ( vB ) 0 + a B t

At t = 4 s:

vB = 150 mm/s + ( 20.0 mm/s 2 )(4 s)

or
Also
At t = 4 s:

x B = ( xB ) 0 + ( vB ) 0 t +

a D = 13.33 mm/s 2

v B = 70.0 mm/s

1
aB t 2
2

xB ( xB )0 = (150 mm/s)(4 s)
+

1
(20.0 mm/s 2 )(4 s) 2
2

x B (x B )0 = 440 mm

or

W

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67

PROBLEM 11.53
Collar A starts from rest and moves upward with a constant acceleration. Knowing
that after 8 s the relative velocity of collar B with respect to collar A is 24 in./s,
determine (a) the accelerations of A and B, (b) the velocity and the change in position
of B after 6 s.

SOLUTION
From the diagram
2 y A + yB + ( yB y A ) = constant

Then

v A + 2 vB = 0

(1)

and

a A + 2aB = 0

(2)

(a)

Eq. (1) and (v A )0 = 0 (vB )0 = 0

Also, Eq. (2) and a A is constant and negative a B is constant and
positive.
Then
Now
From Eq. (2)
So that

v A = 0 + a At

vB = 0 + a B t

vB/A = vB v A = (aB a A )t
1
aB = a A
2
3
vB/A = a At
2

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68

PROBLEM 11.53 (Continued)

At t = 8 s:

3
24 in./s = a A (8 s)
2

a A = 2.00 in./s 2 W

or
and then

1
aB = (2 in./s 2 )
2

a B = 1.000 in./s 2 W

or
(b)

At t = 6 s:

vB = (1 in./s 2 )(6 s)

v B = 6.00 in./s W

or


Now
At t = 6 s:

yB = ( yB )0 + 0 +
y B ( y B )0 =

1
aB t 2
2

1
(1 in./s 2 )(6 s) 2
2

y B (y B )0 = 18.00 in. W

or

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69

PROBLEM 11.54
The motor M reels in the cable at a constant rate of 100 mm/s. Determine (a) the
velocity of load L, (b) the velocity of pulley B with respect to load L.

SOLUTION

Let xB and xL be the positions, respectively, of pulley B and load L measured downward from a fixed elevation
above both. Let xM be the position of a point on the cable about to enter the reel driven by the motor. Then,
considering the lengths of the two cables,
xM + 3xB = constant

vM + 3vB = 0

xL + ( xL xB ) = constant

2v L + v B = 0

vM = 100 mm/s

with

vB =
vL =

vM
= 33.333 m/s
3

vB
= 16.667 mm/s
2

v L = 16.67 mm/s W

(a)

Velocity of load L.

(b)

Velocity of pulley B with respect to load L. vB/L = vB vL = 33.333 (16.667) = 16.667

v B/L = 16.67 mm/s W

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70

PROBLEM 11.55
Block C starts from rest at t = 0 and moves downward with a constant
acceleration of 4 in./s2. Knowing that block B has a constant velocity of 3 in./s
upward, determine (a) the time when the velocity of block A is zero, (b) the
time when the velocity of block A is equal to the velocity of block D, (c) the
change in position of block A after 5 s.

SOLUTION
From the diagram:
Cord 1:

2 y A + 2 y B + yC = constant

Then

2v A + 2vB + vC = 0

and

2a A + 2aB + aC = 0

Cord 2:

(1)

( y D y A ) + ( y D y B ) = constant

Then

2vD v A v B = 0

and

2aD a A aB = 0

(2)

Use units of inches and seconds.

Motion of block C:

vC = vC 0 + aC t
= 0 + 4t

where aC = 4 in./s 2

Motion of block B:

vB = 3 in./s;

Motion of block A:

From (1) and (2),

aB = 0

1
1
v A = vB vC = 3 (4t ) = 3 2t in./s
2
2
1
1
a A = aB aC = 0 (4) = 2 in./s 2
2
2

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71

PROBLEM 11.55 (Continued)

(a)

Time when vB is zero.

3 2t = 0

Motion of block D:

From (3),
vD =

(b)

t = 1.500 s W

1
1
1
1
v A + vB = (3 2t ) (3) = 1t
2
2
2
2

Time when vA is equal to v0.

3 2t = t

(c)

t = 3.00 s W

Change in position of block A (t = 5 s).

1
a At 2
2
1
= (3)(5) + (2)(5)2 = 10 in.
2

y A = ( v A ) 0 t +

Change in position = 10.00 in. W

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72

PROBLEM 11.56
Block A starts from rest at t = 0 and moves downward with a constant
acceleration of 6 in./s2. Knowing that block B moves up with a constant
velocity of 3 in./s, determine (a) the time when the velocity of block C is zero,
(b) the corresponding position of block C.

SOLUTION

The cable lengths are constant.

L1 = 2 yC + 2 yD + constant
L 2 = y A + yB + ( yB yD ) + constant

Eliminate yD.
L1 + 2 L 2 = 2 yC + 2 yD + 2 y A + 2 yB + 2( yB yD ) + constant
2( yC + y A + 2 yB ) = constant

Differentiate to obtain relationships for velocities and accelerations, positive downward.

vC + v A + 2vB = 0

(1)

aC + a A + 2aB = 0

(2)

Use units of inches and seconds.

Motion of block A:

v A = a At + 6t
y A =

Motion of block B:

1
1
a At 2 = (6)t 2 = 3t 2
2
2

v B = 3 in./s

vB = 3 in./s

yB = vB t = 3t

Motion of block C:

From (1),
vC = v A 2vB = 6t 2(3) = 6 6t
yC =

(a)

Time when vC is zero.

(b)

Corresponding position.

vC dt = 6t 3t 2

6 6t = 0

t = 1.000 s W

yC = (6)(1) (3)(1)2 = 3 in.

yC = 3.00 in. W

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73