ENG 102

ANNOTATED
BIBLIOGRAPHY

WHAT IS A BIBLIOGRAPHY?
General term for a list of sources used during topic research

Name changes depending upon style format

(MLA = Works Cited, APA = References)

What is an annotation?

Summary and/or evaluation

WHAT IS AN ANNOTATED
BIBLIOGRAPHY?
Cites source following a specified formatting style (we
are using MLA)
Provides a summary and/or evaluation of each source
Annotated bibliographies can include
Summary

Assessment Reflection

YOUR ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY

Cites source following a specified formatting style (we are
using MLA)
Provides a summary Annotated bibliographies can include

Summary
Critique (Assessment of Presentation)

SHIFTS

ELIMINATE DISTRACTING SHIFTS

These distract or confuse readers
Point of view
Verb tense
Mood or voice
Indirect to direct questions/quotations
(statements to questions)

MAKE THE POV CONSISTENT IN PERSON

& NUMBER
First person emphasizes writer
Good for informal letters and writing based on
personal experience
Second person emphasizes reader
Good for giving advice or explaining how to do
something

Third person emphasizes subject

Best for formal academic and professional writing

MAKE THE POV CONSISTENT IN PERSON

& NUMBER
Our class practiced rescuing a victim trapped in a
wrecked car. We learned to dismantle the car
with the essential tools. You were graded on
your speed and your skill in freeing the victim.
Our class practiced rescuing a victim trapped in a
wrecked car. We learned to dismantle the car
with the essential tools. You were graded on
your speed and your skill in freeing the victim.

MAINTAIN CONSISTENT VERB TENSES

When writing about literature, use present tense
(especially fiction)
The scarlet letter is a punishment sternly placed on Hesters
breast by the community, and yet it was a fanciful and
imaginative product of Hesters own needlework.

The scarlet letter is a punishment sternly placed on Hesters

breast by the community, and yet it is a fanciful and
imaginative product of Hesters own needlework.

MAKE VERBS CONSISTENT IN MOOD & VOICE

Three moods in English
Indicative is used for facts, opinions, questions
Imperative is used for orders or advice
Subjunctive is used to express wishes or conditions
contrary to fact

The counselor advised us to spread out our core requirements

over two or three semester. Also, pay attention to prerequisites for elective courses.
The counselor advised us to spread out our core requirements
over two or three semester. She also suggested that we pay
attention to pre-requisites for elective courses.

MAKE VERBS CONSISTENT IN MOOD & VOICE

Each student completes a self-assessment.The self-assessment is
then given to the teacher and a copy is exchanged with a
classmate.
Each student completes a self-assessment, gives it to the
teacher, and exchanges a copy with a classmate.

AVOID SUDDEN SHIFTS FROM INDIRECT OR

DIRECT QUESTIONS OR QUOTATIONS
Indirect question: We asked whether we could visit Miriam
Direct question: Can we visit Miriam?
Which of the following is correct?
1. I wonder whether Karla knew of the theft and, if so, whether she
reported it to the police.
2. I wonder whether Karla knew of the theft and, if so, did she
report it to the police?

1. I wonder whether Karla knew of the theft and, if so, whether she
reported it to the police.

AVOID SUDDEN SHIFTS FROM INDIRECT OR

DIRECT QUESTIONS OR QUOTATIONS
Which of the following is correct?
1.The patient said she had been experiencing heart palpitations
and could the doctor please run as many tests as possible to
find out whats wrong.
2.The patient said she had been experiencing heart palpitations
and asked me to run as many tests as possible to find out what
was wrong.
2.The patient said she had been experiencing heart palpitations
and asked me to run as many tests as possible to find out what
was wrong.

WHO/WHOM

WHO VS. WHOM

I love you.
Subject is the person doing something
I am performing the love; therefore I am the
subject

Object is having something done to them

You are the object of my affection

WHO VS. WHOM

Use who when referring to the subject of a clause
Who loves you?

Use whom when referring to the

object of a clause
Whom do you love?

WHO VS. WHOM

HE/HIM TRICK
Him and whom both end with the letter m
When trying to choose between who or whom, ask if
the answer to the question would be he or him
Who (or whom) do you love?
Answer is I love him, so whom is correct
Who (or whom) broke her heart?
Answer is he broke her heart, so who is correct

WHO VS. WHOM PRACTICE

1. Susan is the chef ___ will create an exquisite menu
for our ten-year reunion.

Who
2. ____did Mom invite to Marcelas birthday party?
Whom
3. Janice is the student ____ has read the most books.
Who

WHO VS. WHOM PRACTICE

4. Robert Anderson is the running back ____ the
Pittsburgh Steelers drafted in the second round.

Whom
5. Before signing up for the class, students wanted to
know ____ would teach the class.
Who
6. ______ will the attorney call to testify?
Whom

FRAGMENTS

FRAGMENTS
A sentence is a group of words that has three elements:
Subject

Verb
And a Complete thought
A fragment seems to be a complete sentence but it lacks
either a

Subject
Verb
Or a complete thought.

FRAGMENTS
What are the two basic ways to correct sentence
fragments?
Add what is missing (subject, verb, or both)
Attach fragment to sentence before or after it

FRAGMENTS
What are the five trouble spots that signal possible
fragments?
A word group that begins with a(n)

Preposition

SPOTTING FRAGMENTS
A word group that begins with a preposition

I ran as fast as I could.To the police station.

*correct by joining*
I ran as fast as I could to the police station.

SPOTTING FRAGMENTS
What are the five trouble spots that signal possible
fragments?
A word group that begins with a(n)
Preposition
Dependent word

SPOTTING FRAGMENTS
A word group that begins with a dependent word

Since I stole the candy. I was arrested for shoplifting.

Common Dependent words: after, although,

as/as if/ as though, because, before, how, once,
since, that, unless, while, until, etc.
*Correct by joining*
Since I stole the candy, I was arrested for shoplifting.

SPOTTING FRAGMENTS
What are the five trouble spots that signal possible
fragments?
A word group that begins with a(n)
Preposition

Dependent word
-ing verb form

SPOTTING FRAGMENTS
A word group that begins with an -ing form verb

I claimed self-defense. Hoping to be found not guilty.

*Correct by joining*
I claimed self-defense hoping to be found not guilty.

*correct by adding missing elements*

I claimed self-defense. I was hoping to be found not
guilty.

SPOTTING FRAGMENTS
What are the five trouble spots that signal possible
fragments?
A word group that begins with a(n)

Preposition
Dependent word
-ing verb form
to and a verb

SPOTTING FRAGMENTS
A word group that begins with to and a verb

He hired a lawyer.To defend him in court.

*correct by joining*
He hired a lawyer to defend him in court.
To defend him in court, he hired a lawyer.

*correct by adding elements*

He hired a lawyer. He needed a lawyer to defend him
in court.

SPOTTING FRAGMENTS
What are the five trouble spots that signal possible
fragments?
A word group that begins with a(n)

Preposition
Dependent word
-ing verb form
to and a verb
an example or explanation

SPOTTING FRAGMENTS
Word groups that are examples or explanations

There are many categories of crimes. Such as

misdemeanors and felonies.
*correct by joining*

There are many categories of crimes, such as

misdemeanors and felonies.

ENG 102
RUN-ONS

RUN-ONS
1. Whats another name for a sentence?

Independent clause
2. What term describes two complete sentences joined
without any punctuation?

Fused run-on
The first public screening of a projected motion picture was
held on December 28, 1895 within one year, the earliest
known pornographic movie was released.

RUN-ONS
3. What term describes two complete sentences
joined by only a comma?

Comma splice run-on

The first public screening of a projected motion
picture was held on December 28, 1895, within one
year, the earliest known pornographic movie was
released.

RUN-ONS
4. What are the five ways to correct run-ons?
Add a period
The first public screening of a projected motion picture was held on December 28,
1895.Within one year, the earliest known pornographic movie was released.

Add a semicolon
The first public screening of a projected motion picture was held on December 28,
1895; within one year, the earliest known pornographic movie was released.
Add a semicolon, a conjunctive adverb, and a comma

The first public screening of a projected motion picture was held on December 28,
1895; moreover, within one year, the earliest known pornographic movie was
released.

RUN-ONS
4. What are the five ways to correct run-ons?

Add a comma and a coordinating conjunction

The first public screening of a projected motion picture was held on
December 28, 1895, and within one year, the earliest known
pornographic movie was released.
Add a dependent word
After the first public screening of a projected motion picture was held on
December 28, 1895, within one year, the earliest known pornographic
movie was released.

PROOFREADING TIPS
Make sure all sentences contain a subject, a verb, and a complete thought.
Check the application of capitalization rules.

Highlight all verbs. Check the verb tenses to ensure that none of the verbs shift.
Is there a subject before each verb? (mood/voice shift)
Cross out all first person pronouns (I, me, my, we, us). Cross out all second person
pronouns (you, your).You must write in third person!
Ensure that there arent any shifts from a statement to a question or vice versa.

Check the words after who/whom. What part of speech is that word? If it is a verb,
use who. If it is not a verb, use whom.

FOR THURSDAY
Read these articles:

A Cloudful of Stormy Weather by Harold Arlen & Ted Koehler

How to Talk and Write about Popular Music by Greg Blair
Comparing & Contrasting Three Covers of Stormy Weather
by Greg Blair
Why Do Some Covers Disappoint? by Jeff Turrentine
The Greatest Covers of All Time

FOR THURSDAY
Create your topic/keyword list for summarizing the
articles.
Answer these questions about the articles:

Is the information accurate?

Is the information significant?
Has the author clearly defined terms?

Has the author used and interpreted information

fairly? Has the author argued logically?
With which views do you agree? Why?

With which views do you disagree? Why?

UPCOMING IMPORTANT DATES

Thursday 9/29 prewrite notes (from previous slide) for
discussion

Tuesday 10/4 Conferences

Thursday 10/6 Rough drafts due
Tuesday 10/11 Final copies due,
Mock MLA Works Cited mulligans due