HANEARYTHA LITAD CHARLES

ASSIGNMENT 1
GAS TURBINE ( BRAYTON CYCLE)
There are two options for operating Brayton cycle gas turbine engines;
1. Open cycle
2. Closed cycle (ideal Brayton cycle)

An Open Gas-Turbine Cycle

A compressor takes in fresh ambient air, compresses it to higher T and P

Fuel and the higher P air from compressor are sent to a combustion chamber
(where fuel is burned at constant pressure). The resulting high T gases are sent to a
turbine

The high T gases expand to ambient P in the turbine and produce power.
The exhaust gases leave the turbine.

The Ideal Brayton Cycle

By utilizing the air-standard assumptions, replacing the

Combustion process
constant pressure heat addition process
Exhaust discharging process

constant pressure heat rejection process.

HANEARYTHA LITAD CHARLES

ASSIGNMENT 1

P-v and T-s Diagram of Ideal Brayton Cycle

1 2 Adiabatic, reversible compression in the inlet and compressor

2 3 Constant pressure fuel combustion (constant pressure heat addition)
3 4 Adiabatic, reversible expansion in the turbine and exhaust nozzle,
1. Take some work out of air and use it to drive the compressor
2. Take the remaining work out to turn a generator for electricity power
generation.
4 1 Cool the air at constant pressure back to its initial condition

Gas Turbine Starting Curve

HANEARYTHA LITAD CHARLES

ASSIGNMENT 1

Speed (%) vs Time (min)

120

100

Acce
lerati
on
for 80
purgi
ng
proce
ss
Speed % (RPM)

Racheting

60

40

20

10

15

20

Time (Min)

Checked by,

(Mr. Herton Adiak)

Supervising Engineer

25

30

35

HANEARYTHA LITAD CHARLES

ASSIGNMENT 1
Gas Turbine Starting Curve Description

Stage
A

Description
Start signal energized the Master Control and Protection Curcuit (L4) and starts the
necessary auxiliary equipment.
L4 will allow pressurization of the trip oil system
With the L4 circuit permission and starting clutch automatically engaged, the
starting device starts accelerate to purge and purge for 9.3 mins
When purge is completed, gas turbine will coast down and accelerate again.
GT starts ignition (firing) approximately at 18% of nominal speed.
The transition from firing to warm up occurs after one of two conditions meet:
a) Flame is detected by at least two flame detectors for greater than the constant
(K28FDZ), 2 seconds.
b) Flame is detected by all 4 flame detectors.
For warm up, Fuel Stroke Reference (FSR) will reduce to warm up level.
Warm up time is 60 seconds.
The warm up time is provided to minimize the thermal stresses of the hot gas path
parts during the initial part of the start up.
Acceleration control take over from speed control after warm up time.
Warm up is completed and gas turbine accelerates with higher rate.
The clutch is held in as long as the turning gear provides torque to the gas turbine.
When the turbine overruns the turning gear, the clutch will disengage, shutting down
the starting device.
Gas turbine is now at Full Speed No Load (FSNL).
Speed is approximately 5163 rpm.