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Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional - Verification Manual for Indian Codes
INTRODUCTION ..............................................................................................................................................................................1
STEEL ..............................................................................................................................................................................................2
1. IS 800:2007 - GENERAL CONSTRUCTION IN STEEL (THIRD REVISION) ............................................................................3
GENERAL REMARKS ..................................................................................................................................................................5
VERIFICATION EXAMPLE 1 - DESIGN OF MEMBERS FOR COMPRESSION ....................................................................................10
VERIFICATION EXAMPLE 2 - COMBINED COMPRESSION AND BENDING ABOUT BOTH AXES (LATERAL-TORSIONAL BUCKLING) ........18
CONCRETE ...................................................................................................................................................................................27
1. IS 456:2000 RC BEAMS .........................................................................................................................................................28
VERIFICATION EXAMPLE 1 - DIMENSIONING OF SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAM ...............................................................................29
VERIFICATION EXAMPLE 2 - DETERMINATION OF CAPACITY OF A BEAM ....................................................................................32
LITERATURE .............................................................................................................................................................................33
2. IS 456:2000 RC COLUMNS ...................................................................................................................................................34
VERIFICATION EXAMPLE 1 - UNIAXIALLY ECCENTRICALLY LOADED BRACED RECTANGULAR COLUMN .........................................35
VERIFICATION EXAMPLE 2 - COLUMN SUBJECTED TO AXIAL LOAD AND BIAXIAL BENDING ...........................................................38
LITERATURE .............................................................................................................................................................................41
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Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional - Verification Manual for Indian Codes
INTRODUCTION
This verification manual contains numerical examples for elements of steel structures prepared and
originally calculated by Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional version 2013. The
comparison of results is still valid for the next versions.
All examples have been taken from handbooks that include benchmark tests covering fundamental
types of behaviour encountered in structural analysis. Benchmark results (signed as Handbook) are
recalled, and compared with results of Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional (signed further
as Robot).
Each example contains the following parts:
- Title of the problem
- Specification of the problem
- Robot solution of the problem
- Outputs with calculation results and calculation notes
- Comparison between Robot results and exact solution
- Conclusions.
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Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional - Verification Manual for Indian Codes
STEEL
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Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional - Verification Manual for Indian Codes
1. IS 800:2007 - General
Construction in Steel
(third revision)
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Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional - Verification Manual for Indian Codes
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Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional - Verification Manual for Indian Codes
GENERAL REMARKS
A.
Job Preferences
If you make first step in RSA program specify your job preferences in JOB PREFERENCES dialog
box (click Menu/ Tools/ Job Preferences). Default JOB PREFERENCES dialog box opens:
You can define a new type of Job Preferences to make it easier for future.
First of all, make selection of documents and parameters appropriate for India from tabs of the list view
in JOB PREFERENCES dialog box.
For example to choose code, first click Design codes tab from left list view, then select code from
Steel/Aluminum structures combo-box or press More codes button which opens Configuration of Code
List:
Put India code into the right list of the box, and then set it as the current code. Press OK.
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Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional - Verification Manual for Indian Codes
To choose code combination first click Loads tab from left list view in JOB PREFERENCES dialog
box,
Then select code from Code combinations combo-box or press More codes to open the Configuration
of Code List.
Pick Load combinations from combo box. The new list view appears:
Put IS: 875 (Part5) code into the right list of the box, then set it as the current code. Press OK.
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Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional - Verification Manual for Indian Codes
After the job preferences decisions are set, press Save Job Preferences icon in JOB PREFERENCES
dialog box. It opens SAVE JOB PREFERENCES dialog box.
Type a new name e.g. India Limit State and save it. The new name appears in the combo-box.
Press OK button.
You can check load combination regulations by pressing right button next to Code combinations
combo-box in Loads tab JOB PREFERENCES dialog box. It opens proper Editor of code combination
regulations dialog box.
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Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional - Verification Manual for Indian Codes
B.
Calculation method
Indian code IS 800: 2007 gives two verification options: Limit State Design and Working Stress
Design. In RSA program you must always manually specify:
1. calculation method
2. load code combination -> appropriate for calculation method
Calculation method (Limit State or Working Stress) can be chosen on Steel /Aluminum Design layout.
Press the Configuration button in CALCULATIONS dialog box.
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Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional - Verification Manual for Indian Codes
By pressing OK button, you accept chosen job preferences for a current task.
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Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional - Verification Manual for Indian Codes
TITLE:
Example 6.7 Buckling resistance of a compression member
SPECIFICATION:
A circular hollow section CHS member used as an internal column in a building. The column has
pinned boundary conditions at each end and the inter-storey height is 4 m. The critical combination of
actions results in a design axial force of 1630 kN. Assess the suitability of hot-rolled 244,5x10 CHS in
grade S275 steel (fy = 275 MPa) for this application, using Limit State Design.
SOLUTION:
Specify appropriate parameters in JOB PREFERENCES dialog box (click Menu/Tools/Job
Preferences). Then, choose calculation method Limit State Design in CONFIGURATION dialog box
(press Configuration button in CALCULATIONS dialog box).
In DEFINITIONS dialog box you can define a new type of member in agreement with structure data
It can be set in Member type combo-box. Pre-defined type of member Column may be initially
opened.
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Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional - Verification Manual for Indian Codes
For chosen member type, press the Parameters button on Members tab, which opens
MEMBER DEFINITION PARAMETERS dialog box.
Type a new name in the Member type editable field, e.g. column 1. Change parameters to meet
initial data requirements of the structure. In the particular compression case press More button which
opens MEMBER DEFINITION ADDITIONAL PARAMETERS dialog box:
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Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional - Verification Manual for Indian Codes
In DEFINITIONS dialog box save the newly-created member type, here column 1:
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Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional - Verification Manual for Indian Codes
MEMBER VERIFICATION dialog box with most significant results data will appear on screen.
Pressing the line with results for the member 1 opens the RESULTS dialog box with detailed results
for the analyzed member. The view of the RESULTS windows are presented below.
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Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional - Verification Manual for Indian Codes
Pressing the Calc.Note button in RESULTS Code dialog box opens the printout note for
the analyzed member. You can obtain Simplified results printout or Detailed results printout.
It depends on which tab is active.
The printout note view of Simplified results is presented below.
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STEEL DESIGN
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------CODE: IS800: 2007 Indian Standard - General Construction in Steel - Code of Practice (Third Revision)
ANALYSIS TYPE: Member Verification
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------CODE GROUP:
MEMBER: 1 POINT: 1
COORDINATE: x = 0.00 L = 0.00 m
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------LOADS:
Governing Load Case: 1 STA1
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------MATERIAL:
S275 fy = 275.0 MPa fu = 430.0 MPa
E = 210000.0 MPa
gM0=1.100
gM1=1.250
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION PARAMETERS: CHS 244.5x10
D=24.4 cm
Avy=46.919 cm2
Avz=46.919 cm2
Ag=73.700 cm2
B=24.4 cm
Iy=5073.000 cm4
Iz=5073.000 cm4
It=10150.000 cm4
tw=1.0 cm
Zey=414.969 cm3
Zez=414.969 cm3
tf=1.0 cm
Zpy=550.236 cm3
Zpz=550.236 cm3
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------INTERNAL FORCES AND CAPACITIES:
N = 1630.0 kN
Nd = 1842.5 kN
Pd = 1669.6 kN
Class of section = 1
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------LATERAL BUCKLING PARAMETERS:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------BUCKLING PARAMETERS:
About Y axis:
About Z axis:
Ly = 4.00 m
Xy = 0.906
Lz = 4.00 m
Xz = 0.906
ky*Ly = 4.00 m Pdy = 1669.6 kN kz*Lz = 4.00 m Pdz = 1669.6 kN
ky*Ly/ry = 48.213
kz*Lz/rz = 48.213
Lamy = 0.555
Lamz = 0.555
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------VERIFICATION FORMULAS:
Section strength check:
N/Nd = 0.885 < 1.000 (9.3.1.1) OK!
Global stability check of member:
ky*Ly/ry = 48.213 < (k*L/r),max = 200.000
kz*Lz/rz = 48.213 < (k*L/r),max = 200.000 STABLE
P/min(Pdy,Pdz) = 0.976 < 1.000 (7.1.2) OK!
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Section OK !!!
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Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional - Verification Manual for Indian Codes
COMPARISON:
RSA
IS 800: 2007
Limit State Design
M0 = 1,1
Handbook
EC3: 2005
M0 = 1,0
N/ Nd = 1630/ 1842,5
= 0,885
N/ Pd = 1630/ 1669,6
= 0,976
CONCLUSIONS:
Underlined values results from handbook (EC3 example) are different then values calculated by RSA
program for Indian code IS 800 because partial safety factors M0 are different in both codes.
If the design resistances from handbook are divided by partial safety factor from IS 800 code
( M0 = 1,1 ):
1. NEd/ (Nc,Rd :1,1) = 1630 / (2026,8 : 1,1 ) = 1630 / 1842,5 = 0,8846 = 0,885
2. NEd/ (Nb,Rd :1,1) = 1630 / (1836,5 : 1,1 ) = 1630 / 1669,5 = 0,9763 = 0,976
.
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Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional - Verification Manual for Indian Codes
VERIFICATION EXAMPLE 2
- combined compression and bending about both axes
(lateral-torsional buckling)
Example taken from: DESIGNERS GUIDE to EN 1993-1-1 Eurocode 3:
Design of steel structures, general rules and rules for buildings
written by L. Gardner, D. A. Nethercot, 2005
TITLE:
Example 6.10 -- Member resistance under combined bi-axial bending and axial compression
SPECIFICATION:
Verify if H 305x305x240 section in grade S275 has sufficient available strength to support the axial
forces and moments listed below for Limit State Design:
section A-A, x=0
NEd = 3440 kN
My,Ed = 420 kNm
Mz,Ed = 0
Material Properties:
S275 fy = 275 MPa , E= 210GPa
SOLUTION:
Specify appropriate parameters in JOB PREFERENCES dialog box (click Menu/Tools/Job
Preferences). Then, choose calculation method Limit State Design in CONFIGURATION dialog box (
press Configuration button in CALCULATIONS dialog box ).
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Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional - Verification Manual for Indian Codes
In DEFINITIONS dialog box you can define a new type of member in agreement with structure data
It can be set in Member type combo-box. Pre-defined member type Column may be initially opened.
For chosen member type, press the Parameters button on Members tab, which opens
MEMBER DEFINITION PARAMETERS dialog box.
Type a new name in the Member type editable field, e.g. My Mz Nc. Change parameters to meet
initial data requirements of the structure. In this particular combined compression and bending about
both axes case set the following parameters:
1. for Y buckling define appropriate value of ky by manually entering 0,8 value in editable field
or by pressing ky icon which opens BUCKLING DIAGRAM dialog box:
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Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional - Verification Manual for Indian Codes
lateral buckling length coefficient by pressing Upper flange or Lower flange button. It opens
EFFECTIVE LENGTH FOR BEAMS, BETWEEN SUPPORTS dialog box:
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Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional - Verification Manual for Indian Codes
3.1. Click Load type My icon. It opens LOAD TYPE dialog box;
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Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional - Verification Manual for Indian Codes
You must press SAVE button to attribute the member type to number of member, here
My Mz Nc to no 1.
In the CALCULATIONS dialog box set:
-> Verification option; here Member Verification,
-> Loads cases ;
here for no 1 for Limit State Design
-> Limit state ; here only Ultimate Limit state will be analyzed, so switch off Limit stat Serviceability.
Check CONFIGURATION dialog box.
Now, start verificiations by pressing Calculations button.
MEMBER VERIFICATION dialog box with most significant results data will appear on screen.
Pressing the line with results for the member 1 opens the RESULTS dialog box with detailed results
for the analyzed member. The view of the RESULTS windows are presented below.
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Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional - Verification Manual for Indian Codes
Pressing the Calc.Note button in RESULTS Code dialog box opens the printout note for
the analyzed member. You can obtain Simplified results printout or Detailed results printout.
It depends on which tab is active.
The printout note view of Simplified results is presented below.
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Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional - Verification Manual for Indian Codes
STEEL DESIGN
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------CODE: IS800: 2007 Indian Standard-General Construction in Steel-Code of Practice (Third Revision)
ANALYSIS TYPE: Member Verification
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------CODE GROUP:
MEMBER: 1 column
POINT:
COORDINATE: x = 1.00 L = 4.20 m
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------LOADS:
Governing Load Case:
1 Limit State Design
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------MATERIAL:
S 275
fy = 275.00 MPa
fu = 430.00 MPa
E = 210000.00 MPa
gM0=1.000
gM1=1.000
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION PARAMETERS: UC 305x305x240
D=35.26 cm
Avy=239.70 cm2
Avz=81.10 cm2
Ag=306.00 cm2
B=31.79 cm
Iy=64200.00 cm4
Iz=20310.00 cm4
It=1271.00 cm4
tw=2.30 cm
Zey=3641.52 cm3
Zez=1277.76 cm3
tf=3.77 cm
Zpy=4243.00 cm3
Zpz=1945.00 cm3
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------INTERNAL FORCES AND CAPACITIES:
N = 3440.0 kN
My = -420.0 kN*m
Mz = 110.0 kN*m
Vy = -26.2 kN
Nd = 8415.0 kN
Mdy = 1166.8 kN*m
Mdz = 534.9 kN*m
Vdy = 3805.7 kN
Pd = 6639.7 kN
Mndy = 773.7 kN*m
Mndz = 502.7 kN*m
Vz = -200.0 kN
Vdz = 1287.6 kN
Class of section = 1
Mymax = 420.0 kN*m
Mzmax = 110.0 kN*m
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------LATERAL BUCKLING PARAMETERS:
L,LT,low=5.04 m
Mcr = 11963.5 kN*m
fbd = 268.02 MPa
X,LT = 0.975
fcr,b = 2819.59 MPa
Lam,LT = 0.312
Mbdy = 1137.2 kN*m
KLT = 0.892
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------BUCKLING PARAMETERS:
About Y axis:
About Z axis:
Ly = 4.20 m
Xy = 0.976
Lz = 4.20 m
Xz = 0.789
ky*Ly = 3.36 m
Pdy = 8213.3 kN
kz*Lz = 4.20 m
Pdz = 6639.7 kN
ky*Ly/ry = 23.197
Ky = 1.028
kz*Lz/rz = 51.553
Kz = 1.204
Lamy = 0.267
Cmy = 0.400
Lamz = 0.594
Cmz = 0.600
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------VERIFICATION FORMULAS:
Section strength check:
N/Nd = 0.409 < 1.000 (9.3.1.1) OK!
My/Mdy = 0.360 < 1.000 (9.3.1.1) OK!
Mz/Mdz = 0.206 < 1.000 (9.3.1.1) OK!
(My/Mndy)^ 2.000 + (Mz/Mndz)^2.044 = 0.340 < 1.000 (9.3.1.1) OK!
Vy/Vdy = 0.007 < 1.000 (8.4) OK!
Vz/Vdz = 0.155 < 1.000 (8.4) OK!
Global stability check of member:
ky*Ly/ry = 23.197 < (k*L/r),max = 200.000
kz*Lz/rz = 51.553 < (k*L/r),max = 200.000 STABLE
P/Pdy + Ky*Cmy*Mymax/Mbdy + 0.6*Kz*Cmz*Mzmax/Mdz = 0.656 < 1.000 (9.3.2.2) OK!
P/Pdz + KLT*Mymax/Mbdy + Kz*Cmz*Mzmax/Mdz = 0.988 < 1.000 (9.3.2.2) OK!
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Section OK !!!
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Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional - Verification Manual for Indian Codes
COMPARISON:
RSA
IS 800: 2007
Limit State Design
Handbook
EC3: 2005
(Annex B, method 2)
M0 = 1,0
M0 = 1,0
N/ Nd = 3440/ 8415 =
0,409
My,Ed/My,c,Rd = 420/1168
= 0,360
Mz,Ed/Mz,c,Rd= 110/536,5
= 0,205
(9.3.1.1) = 0,340
(6.2.9.1.(6)) = 0,340
My/Mdy =420/1137,2 =
0,369
My,Ed/Mb,Rd =420/1152
= 0,36
LLT = 5,04 m
Mcr = 11 963,5 kNm
Lcr = 4,2 m
Mcr = 17 114 kNm
0,656
0,988
(9.3.2.2)
(9.3.2.2)
0,66
0,97
(6.61)
(6.62)
CONCLUSIONS:
The calculation example was made according to:
- IS:800 code using RSA program and
- EC3:2005 code taken from handbook.
To make comparison more adequate, the same value of the partial safety factors M0=1,0 were
assumed in both methods.
The small differences in results are caused generally by:
small differences in values for elastic and plastic section modulus about Y & Z axis;
different values for buckling length coefficients in both codes;
different way of lateral buckling length coefficient description in both codes (effective length for
beams between supports are different); in Indian code there is very precision method to define
conditions at support;
different accuracy of parameters (e.g. the cross-sectional properties) in calculations.
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Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional - Verification Manual for Indian Codes
CONCRETE
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1. IS 456:2000 RC beams
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Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional - Verification Manual for Indian Codes
VERIFICATION EXAMPLE 1
- Dimensioning of simply supported beam
Example based on:
[1] S. N. Sinha, Reinforced Concrete Design, Second Edition, 2002, Example 6.1, pp. 239
[kN/m]
[m]
[cm]
[cm]
M20
Fe 415
IMPORTANT STEPS:
Define the geometry of the beam (Fig.1.1) and the loads (Fig.1.2). Select support type in dialog box
Dimension definition/Span geometry as Masonry (shear will be calculated from the axis of the
support). Set proper materials (Calculation Options).
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Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional - Verification Manual for Indian Codes
RESULTS OF LONGITUDINAL
CALCULATION:
REINFORCEMENT
(REINFORCEMENT
FOR
BENDING)
The theoretical areas of reinforcement determined by the program are presented on the graph in
Fig.1.3. The values in the midspan, compared with [1], are presented in the table below.
Theoretical areas
tension reinf. Ast
tension reinf. Asc
[1]
23.65 cm2
7.87 cm2
ROBOT
23.77 cm2
7.97 cm2
[1]
ROBOT
3 28 + 2 20
(24.75 cm2)
3 32
(24.13 cm2)
3 20
(9.42 cm2)
4 16
(8.04 cm2)
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Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional - Verification Manual for Indian Codes
Fig. 1.4. Diagram of shear force in beam (blue) and reduced shear force (green).
The shear reinforcement generated automatically by the program is bigger than this determined in [1].
The reason is following: the authors of [1] assume the full area of longitudinal bars influencing the
shear strength of concrete c. This is not a case in ROBOT, where the area of steel is assumed taking
into account the development length. The area of bars develops from zero in point where the bar
starts and reaches the maximum (full) area at the distance equal to development length (see Fig.1.5).
Fig. 1.5. Diagram of theoretical (blue) and real (red) area of reinforcement.
Taking this effect into account, the c near support is equal to 0.288 MPa and not 0.639 MPa as in [1].
This leads to the spacing of stirrups equal to 12cm within the end segment.
In order to verify the calculations of shear in ROBOT based on [1], the spacings will be manually
defined and the anchorage of main bars will be increased (in order to increase the area of still taken
for determination of c ). This allows us to check the calculations of shear capacity carried out in
ROBOT.
First, define the spacing of stirrups as in [1]. Then, increase the length of hooks of main bottom bars.
Next, select Results/Freeze reinforcement. In Reinforcement Pattern/General dialog box enable
Consider hook length in anchorage length.
The capacity for shear is presnted in Fig.1.6. This proves, that taking into consideration the need of
proper anchorage of longitudinal bars, the calculation of shear leads to a similar results as in [1].
Fig. 1.6. Diagram of distribution of shear force (green) and shear capacity (red) for the spacing of
stirrups as in [1]
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Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional - Verification Manual for Indian Codes
VERIFICATION EXAMPLE 2
- Determination of capacity of a beam
Example based on:
[1] S. N. Sinha, Reinforced Concrete Design, Second Edition, 2002, Example 3.14, pp. 107
Tension steel
Compression steel
4 22
4 16
II
4 25
4 16
GEOMETRY:
Cross-section:
case I: 30x53.6
[cm]
case II: 30x53.8
[cm]*
* In example, there is no height of the section given, instead the effective depth is assumed and the
clear cover of bars. This means, that for two cases of reinforcement, where different diameters of bars
are used, different height of the beam must be defined.
The length of the beam and other geometrical parameters are variables that have no influence on the
analysed results since we analyze the capacity of the section.
MATERIAL:
Concrete:
Steel:
M20
Fe 415
Case
I
II
March 2014
[1]
250.69 kNm
309.32 kNm
ROBOT
250.78 kNm
309.32 kNm
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Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional - Verification Manual for Indian Codes
Fig. 2.1. Diagrams of the moment capacities (red) for the two cases of reinforcement.
LITERATURE
[1] S. N. Sinha, Reinforced Concrete Design, Second Edition, 2002
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2. IS 456:2000 RC columns
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Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional - Verification Manual for Indian Codes
VERIFICATION EXAMPLE 1
- Uniaxially eccentrically loaded braced rectangular column
Example based on:
[1] S. N. Sinha, Reinforced Concrete Design, Second Edition, 2002, Example 9.20, pp. 497
DESCRIPTION OF THE EXAMPLE:
Design the rectangular column in a braced (non-sway) frame. Column is subjected to uniaxial
eccentrical load.
In the following example, the results of the program, concerning the calculations of longitudinal
reinforcement and capacity are compared to the results of [1].
LOADS:
Ultimate axial load:
P = 2000 [kN]
Ultimate axial moment: Mx = 400 [kNm]
GEOMETRY:
Unsupported length
Effective lengths:
Cross section:
lu=3.5 [m]
lx = 3 [m]
ly = 2.75 [m]
40x60 [cm]
MATERIAL:
Concrete
: M 25
Longitudinal reinforcement : Fe 415
IMPORTANT STEPS:
In the dialog box Buckling length set buckling parameters (Fig.1.1.).
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Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional - Verification Manual for Indian Codes
In the Calculation Option/ General dialog box select the proper method of calculation (Fig. 1.2.).
March 2014
Quantity
[1]
Robot
(results presented
in calculation note)
1.4765
1.4645*
Muy,l
Muz,l
Capacity coefficient
421.2
247.2
1/0.996=1.004
436.6 **
264.5 **
1.026
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Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional - Verification Manual for Indian Codes
NOTES:
* - In [1] the equation Puz 0.446 f ck 0.75 fyAsc is used, while Robot uses the equation
given in code [2], which is Puz 0.45 f ck 0.75 fyAsc
** - In [1] the simplification takes place due to the use of approximated interaction curves.
Robot calculates the capacity based on the equilibrium of forces in section.
March 2014
Quantity
[1]
Robot
Reinforcement
8 28
8 28
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Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional - Verification Manual for Indian Codes
VERIFICATION EXAMPLE 2
- Column subjected to axial load and biaxial bending
Example based on:
[1] S. N. Sinha, Reinforced Concrete Design, Second Edition, 2002, Example 9.24, pp. 509
DESCRIPTION OF THE EXAMPLE:
Design the rectangular column in a braced (non-sway) frame. Column is subjected to biaxial
eccentrical load. In the following example, the results of the program, concerning the calculations of
longitudinal reinforcement and buckling analysis are compared to the results of [1].
LOADS:
Ultimate axial load:
Ultimate axial moments:
GEOMETRY:
Unsupported length
Effective lengths:
Cross section:
P = 2000 [kN]
Mx1 = 225 [kNm]
Mx2 = 175 [kNm]
lu=9.0 [m]
lx = 8 [m]
ly = 6 [m]
40x60 [cm]
MATERIAL:
Concrete
: M 25
Longitudinal reinforcement : Fe 415
IMPORTANT STEPS:
In the dialog box Buckling length set buckling parameters (Fig.2.1.).
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Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional - Verification Manual for Indian Codes
In the Calculation Option/ General dialog box select the proper method of calculation (Fig. 2.2.).
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Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional - Verification Manual for Indian Codes
Quantity
[1]
Robot
Reinforcement
4 28 + 8 25
4 28 + 8 25
Quantity
[1]
ky
kz
Muy
Muz
0.8223
0.7896
292.71
176.06
Robot
(results presented
in calculation note)
0.8590*
0.7899
296.63
176.10
NOTES:
* - This difference is caused by different Pub and Puz values. In [1] Pub are calculated based on
approximated tables, while in Robot the exact calculations are carried out. Moreover, in [1] the
equation Puz 0.446 f ck 0.75 fyAsc is used, while Robot uses the euqtion given in code [2], which
is Puz 0.45 f ck 0.75 fyAsc .
RESULTS OF CAPACITY CALCULATION:
March 2014
Quantity
[1]
Robot
(results presented
in calculation note)
1.4118
1.3886*
Muy,l
Muz,l
Capacity coefficient
493.2
292.8
1/0.964=1.037
527.7**
316.5**
1.085
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Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional - Verification Manual for Indian Codes
NOTES:
* In [1] the equation Puz 0.446 f ck 0.75 fyAsc is used, while Robot uses the euqtion given
in code [2], which is Puz 0.45 f ck 0.75 fyAsc .
** - In [1] the simplification takes place due to the use of approximated interaction curves.
Robot calculates the capacity based on the equilibrium of forces in section. Moreover the capacity is in
[1] found for the assumed percentage of reinforcement. At the end however, the greater reinforcement
is assumed, thus capacities are in [1] underestimated. In Robot, capacities are calculated for the real
reinforcement.
LITERATURE
[1] S. N. Sinha, Reinforced Concrete Design, Second Edition, 2002
[2] Indian Standard IS 456:2000 Plain and Reinforced Concrete Code of Practice (Fourth Revision),
2003
March 2014
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