NAME

ID

: JEREMY LIM CHOON KEAT

: I 1400 5130

COURSE

: BMEGI

SUBJECT
ELEMENTS

: DESIGN OF MACHINE

TITLE
LECTURER

: BOILER
: DR CHAN CHOON KIT

DATE OF
SUBMISSION

: 28/9/2016

It was my pleasure as a third year degree in mechanical engineering student in Inti International
University to have the chance to attend to software simulation talk conducted by Mr Wong Poon
Han in Inti RCLTB on 21st September2016 2pm to 5pm. Mr Wong Poon Han is the design
mamager of Boilermech Sdn Bhd, also a former ex-inti student. His speech covers introduction
to boiler, classification of boiler and their design procedure.
First, the speaker introduce his company software, called Boilermech Sdn Bhd. Boilermech started off as a
boiler design and manufacturing company in September 2005, specializing in biomass boiler for
the palm oil industry. Since 2011, Boilermech is publicly listed on Bursa Malaysia and its
financial achievements qualified it as Forbes Asias 200 Best Company Under A Billion in 2012
and 2014.Today Boilermech is the leading biomass boiler design and manufacturing company in
Southeast Asia and supplies its products to as far as the African continent and Central America.
Over time, Boilermechs capability have also expanded into biomass power generation sector,
whereby it designs and supplies integrated solutions from fuel treatment and handling to steam
and power generation systems, as well as water treatment systems and emission control.As a
group, Boilermech focuses on bringing technological solutions into palm processing industry and
biomass power generation industry. In 2015, Boilermech commercializes innovative Megasonicenhanced oil recovery technology in the palm industry. It is also developing biogas solutions for
the palm effluent and dust emission control system for biomass boilers. In the long run,
Boilermech continues to invest and develop new technological products. Boilermech aspires to
be the leading technology solutions provider in the palm industry by improving its customers
productivity and effectiveness of environmental protection systems.
A boiler is a closed vessel in which water or other fluid is heated. The fluid does not necessarily
boil. The heated or vaporized fluid exits the boiler for use in various processes or heating
applications, including water heating, central heating, boiler-based power generation, cooking,
and sanitation. The pressure vessel of a boiler is usually made of steel. However, ferritic
stainless steel is often used in superheated sections that will not be exposed to boiling water, and
electrically-heated stainless steel shell boilers are allowed under the European "Pressure
Equipment Directive" for production of steam for sterilizers and disinfectors. The source of heat
for a boiler is combustion of any of several fuels, such as wood, coal, oil, or natural gas. Electric
steam boilers use resistance- or immersion-type heating elements. Nuclear fission is also used as
a heat source for generating steam, either directly (BWR) or, in most cases, in specialised heat
exchangers called "steam generators" (PWR). Heat recovery steam generators (HRSGs) use the
heat rejected from other processes such as gas turbine. There are two method to measure the
boiler efficiency 1) direct method 2) indirect method. To define and secure boilers safely, some
professional specialized organizations such as the American Society of Mechanical Engineers
(ASME) develop standards and regulation codes. For instance, the ASME Boiler and Pressure
Vessel Code is a standard providing a wide range of rules and directives to ensure compliance of
the boilers and other pressure vessels with safety, security and design standards. Most boilers
produce steam to be used at saturation temperature; that is, saturated steam. Superheated steam
boilers vaporize the water and then further heat the steam in a superheated. This provides steam
at much higher temperature, but can decrease the overall thermal efficiency of the steam
generating plant because the higher steam temperature requires a higher flue gas exhaust
temperature.

There are three types of boiler produced by Boilermech Sdn Bhd.

1) Vibrating Grate combines the water cooled vibrating grate and an advance spreader
stocker technology with an automated ash discharge system. This features enables this
boiler to handle a variety of high moisture, low ash fuels across a wide range of steam
capacities

2) Reciprocating Grate- Suitable for very high moisture biomass fuel, this boiler with
reciprocating grate is known for its user friendliness and proven track record where fuel
is metered through a spreader feeder that distributes it uniformly at the far end of the
grate area. The burning biomass is then conveyed forward periodically throughout the
firing chamber by the grates reciprocating action as it tumbles and mixes the refuse and
primary air uniformly to ensure effective combustion directly on the grate. The
reciprocating action also discharges residue and ash from the back end to the boiler front
to be discharged by means of a submerged ash conveyor.

3) Fixed Grate- Boiler with fixed grate air or water cooled is an easy and simple to operate
unit and hence is commonly used across the biomass industry. Most suitable for millers
or industrial usage, it is known as a cost effective boiler that does not compromise on
performance. With a fuel feeding option of either a pendulum or a spreader feeder, fuel is
delivered onto a flat and fixed grate for an even and complete combustion. The grate can
also be customized with water or air cooled grate to allow it to handle higher temperature
during combustion, hence protecting the material form usual wear and tear. This simple
yet proven design runs on low maintenance, and its parts are also easily available in the
market.

Boiler design is the process of designing boilers used for various purposes. The main function of
a boiler is to heat water to generate steam. Steam produced in a boiler can be used for a variety
of purposes including space heating, sterilisation, drying, humidification and power generation.
The temperature or condition of steam required for these applications is different, so boiler
designs vary accordingly.

Boiler design including these parameters:

Production of a maximum quantity of steam with minimal fuel consumption

Economic feasibility of installation

Minimal operator attention required during operation

Capability for quick starting

Conformity to safety regulations

Quality of raw water : how hard or soft the water is will determine the material of the
boiler.

Heat source - the fuel to be burned and its ash properties or the process material from
which the heat is to be recovered.

Capacity/steam output required, usually measured in tonnes per hour or kg/s.

Steam condition - pressure, temperature, etc.

Safety considerations

Mechanical constraints

Cost restrictions

Monetary cost

Tensile strength of material must be considered while using any joining processes.

As a conclusion, this talk has help student in understanding the boiler engineering field. I
strongly believe that student now are able to identify the importance of boiler and how the boiler
operates. Many industrial factory uses boiler to obtain heat energy, as an engineer, boiler topic
cannot be neglect because we have very high chance to deal with boiler when we start to work in
the industry. Boiler also concludes the study of thermodynamic, heat transfer, fluid mechanics
and engineering material, these subject have proven it enhance the understanding of boiler.