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Battle of Varna, 1444

By Mike Campbell
A couple of years ago I did a refight of Varna for a DBMM play test. Below is
the data we used, updated as required for the definitive version.

Hungarian forces:
Left wing; Michael Szilagyi,
5000 men in 5 banners Transylvanians, German mercenaries, Hungarian
Magnates (18 elements = 1/277)6 x Hungarian Irr Kn(O) incl Sub-general, 8 x
Reg Kn(O)/(I) as 4 DBEs, 4 x Hungarian Irreg Lh(F)33 MEs & 162 APs

Centre; Jan Hunyadi (Brilliant CinC) (and King Ulaszlo)

3500 men 1 banner Royal Mercenaries, 1 banner combined Polish &
Hungarian bodyguards, Hungarian nobles (14 elements = 1/250)CinC as Reg
Kn(S), 2 x Reg Kn(S), 3 x Irr Kn(O) (1 element is King counts as 4 MEs), 6
xReg Kn(O)/(I) as 3 DBEs, 2 x Hungarian Irreg Lh(F)30 MEs & 170 APs

Right; Bishop Jan Dominek of Varadin (personal banner)

6500 men 2 banners German mercenaries, 2 banners Hungarians (27
elements = 1/240)12 elements Irr Kn(O) incl sub-gen, 8 elements Kn(O)/(I) as
4 DBEs, 3 Reg Lh(S), 4 Irr Lh(F)48 MEs & 261 APs

Wallachians
4000 men in reserve (16 elements = 1/250)Ally-Gen as Irr Cv(O), 3 Rich
Boyars as Irr Cv(O), 12 lesser Boyars as Irr Lh(S)Note: The Wallachians start
the game as unreliable and can only be made reliable by breaking an
Ottoman command. 19 MEs & 110 APs

Fortified camp, Separate baggage command

no general, no PIPs. 300 German handgunners (2 elements = 1/150)2 x Reg

Ps(S), 13 TF, 6 Army Bg (O) (1 element wide gap around Bg allowing fleeing
troops to rally there)4 MEs & 52 APs??Total 134 MEs 584 APsAverage scale:
77 elements, 19,300 men = 1/250 men

Setup notes
Each command must be in 2 equal ranks (as far as possible), except Right
command must set up in 2 echelons as shown, each of 2 equal ranks.DBE
Kn(I) count as 2 ranks.

Victory conditions:
As per rules except if the King or Jan Hunyadi are lost then the best possible
result is a draw.

Ottomans
Right
15-20,000 Sipahis of Rumelia (Europe) (40 elements = 1/500 to 1/375)1
element Reg Cv(S) S-Gen + 39 elements Irreg Cv(O) Sipahis46 MEs & 302
APs

Centre
Main force (less ambush): Janissaries and levy from Rumelia (total 10,000)
(30 elements Azabs & Janissaries = 1/333), fortified area on mapCinC
dismounted Reg Cv(S) as Reg Bw(S) Janissary7 elements Reg Bw(S)
Janissaries28 elements Irreg Bw(I) Azabs6 Elements Irreg Lh(F) Akinjis18
elements TF surrounding all the infantry6 elements Army baggage outside TF

Ambush
Azabs & Janissaries (6 elements total, including not more than 2 Janissaries)
and Akinjis (6 elements) in the wood (at average scale for rest of army
(=1/357) 12 elements = 4250-4300 men)34 MEs & 232 APs

Left
15,000 Sipahis of Anatolia (40 elements = 1/375)S-Gen as Reg Cv(S) + 9
elements Irreg Cv(S) Sipahis30 elements Irreg Cv(O) Sipahis55 MEs & 320
APs

Total

133 MEs for troops + 12 for Bg = 145 MEs & 854 APs

Average Scale:
Max 50,000 men, 122 elements = 1/410 menMin 45,000 men 122 elements
= 1/370 men

Setup notes
CinCs command, excluding ambush, must be a single block surrounded by
TFs. Other 2 commands must be set up in at least 4 ranks, front 2 ranks
combined must contain at least as many elements as any other rank and be
of equal size, remaining ranks must be at least the size of the front rank.

Victory conditions
As per rules, except that if the Sultan is killed the best result that can be
achieved is a draw.

Special rules:
If Wallachians change sides they ignore the DBMM rules and
instead MUST attempt to leave the map anywhere off the Ottoman table
edge.
They then cannot move into contact with any Hungarian elements, or any
Ottoman elements except for baggage or any element already in contact
with one of their own elements.
Wallachian victory conditions are to be on the winning Hungarian side.
If the Hungarians lose they salvage a draw for themselves only by getting off
the tables North
. If the Wallachians change sides and the Hungarians still win then the
Wallachians still
get a draw if they have killed at least 1 Ottoman element of any type,
otherwise they lose.

Map:
Note that he battlefield was very small only about 1000p square as far as
we could tell.
Acknowledgements:
Most of the info for this battle was sourced from
http://www.warfareeast.co.uk/main/Hungarian_Battles.htm#Varna