CHAPTER 4 SELF TEST

Angle 1. The general name given to both PM and PM is _____ modulation.

True 2. True or false. In FM, the carrier amplitude remains constant with modulation.
Deviation 3. The amount of frequency shift during modulation is called the _____.
Amplitude 4. The amount of frequency shift in PM is directly proportional to the _____ of
the modulating signal.
increases, decreases (the reverse could also be true) 5. As the modulating signal
amplitude goes positive, the carrier frequency _____. As the modulating signal amplitude
goes negative, the carrier frequency. _______
phase shift 6. In PM, the carrier _____ is varied in proportion to the amplitude of the
modulating signal.
frequency shift or deviation 7. A varying phase shift produces a(n) _____.
changing or varying 8. A phase modulator produces a frequency deviation only when the
modulating signal is _____.
amplitude, frequency 9. In PM, the frequency deviation is proportional to both the
modulating signal _____ and _____.
A 10. When the modulating signal amplitude crosses zero, the phase shift and frequency
deviation in a phase modulator are

a. At a maximum

b. At a minimum

c. Zero

B 11. A phase modulator may use a low-pass filter to offset the effect of increasing carrier
frequency deviation for increasing modulating

a. Amplitude

b. Frequency

c. Phase shift

indirect FM 12. The FM produced by a phase modulator is known as _____.

True 13. True or false. An FM signal produces more sidebands than an AM signal.
modulation index 14. The bandwidth of an FM signal is proportional to the _____.
3 (m = 10/33 = 3) 15. The maximum frequency deviation of an FM signal is 10 kHz. The
maximum modulating frequency is 3.33 kHz. The deviation ratio is_____.
5 16. An FM signal has a modulation index of 2.5. How many significant pairs of sidebands
are produced?
(See Fig. 4-6.) (page 75-Frenzel)

995.5, 1004.5 [3(1.5) = 4.5 KHz; 1000 +/- 4.5 = 995.5 and 1004.5 kHz] 17. In an FM
signal that modulating frequency is a 1.5-kHz sine wave. The carrier frequency is 1000
kHz. The frequencies of the third significant sidebands are _____ and _____ kHz.
0.28 18. Refer to Fig. 4-6. What is the relative amplitude of the fourth significant pair of
sidebands in an FM signal with a deviation ratio of 4? (page 75-Frenzel)
Bessel functions 19. The amplitudes of the sidebands in an FM signal are dependent upon
a mathematical process known as _____.
60 [2(5)(6)= 60 kHz] 20. A PM signal has a deviation ratio of 3. The maximum modulating
signal is 5 kHz. The bandwidth of the signal is _____kHz.
75 [(3.75/5)100 = 75%] 21. If the maximum allowed deviation is 5 kHz but the actual
deviation is 3.75 kHz, the percentage of modulation is _____ percent.
phase inversion or 180 shift 22. A negative sign on the carrier and sideband amplitudes
in Fig. 4-6 means a(n) _____.
False 23. True or false. The carrier in an FM signal can never drop to zero amplitude.
BW = 40 kHz; BW = 28 kHz using Carson's rule; Carson's rule gives narrower
bandwidths because sidebands of less than 2 percent amplitude are not considered
24. Calculate the bandwidth of an PM signal with a maximum deviation of 10 kHz and a
maximum
modulating signal frequency of 4 kHz. Use the two methods given in the text, significant
sidebands, and Carson's role, and compare your answers. Explain the difference.
Noise 25. The main advantage of FM over AM is its immunity from _____.
A 26. Noise is primarily a variation in

a. Amplitude.

b. Frequency.

c. Phase.

limiter (or clipper) 27. FM receivers reject noise because of built-in circuits.
Capture effect 28. The in an FM receiver causes a stronger signal to dominate a weaker
signal on the same frequency.
C 29. Typically FM transmitters are more efficient than AM transmitters because they use
class _____ amplifiers.
spectrum space 30. The biggest disadvantage of FM is its excessive use of _____.
False 31. True or false. An AM circuit is usually more complex and expensive than an FM
circuit.

High 32. Noise interferes primarily with _____ modulating frequencies.

pre-emphasis 33. The method used to offset the effect of noise in FM transmissions by
boosting high frequencies is known as _____.
high-pass filter 34. To boost high frequencies a(n) _____ circuit is used.
de-emphasis 35. To correct for the high-frequency boost, a(n) _____ circuit is used at the
receiver.
75 36.The time constant of a pre-emphasis circuit is _____ s.
2122 37. In an FM receiver, frequencies above _____ Hz are attenuated 6 dB per octave.