Due Date: Week 7 (3/4/2013)

ST00502 BASIC CHEMISTRY

ASSIGNMENT 1
Answer all of the questions.
1. A solution is 40.0% acetic acid (the characteristic component in vinegar) by mass. The
density of this solution is 1.049g/mL at 20C. Calculate the mass of pure acetic acid in
150.0mL of this solution at 20C.
(3
marks)
2. Determine the molecular formula of a compound that contains 26.7% P, 12.1% N and
61.2% Cl, and has a molar mass of 580 g/mol.
(7 marks)
3. Describe how you would prepare 2.00 L of each of the following solutions.
0.250 M NaOH from solid NaOH.
a.
0.250 M NaOH from 1.00 M NaOH stock solution.
b.
0.10 M K2CrO4 from solid K2CrO4
c.
0.10 M K2CrO4 from 1.75 M K2CrO4 stock solution.
d.
(8
marks)
4. DDT, an insecticide harmful to fish, birds and humans, is produced by the following
reaction:
2C6H5Cl + C2HOCl3 C14H9Cl5 + H2O
Chlorobenzene

Chloral

DDT

In a government lab, 1142 g of chlorobenzene is reacted with 485 g of chloral.

a. What mass of DDT is formed, assuming 100% yield?
b. Which reactant is limiting? Which is in excess?
c. What mass of the excess reactant is left over?
d. If the actual yield of DDT is 200.0 g, what is the percent yield?
(10
marks)
5. Chloral hydrate (C2H3Cl3O2) is a drug formerly used as a sedative and hypnotic. It is the
compound used to make Mickey Finns in detective stories.
a. Calculate the molar mass of chloral hydrate.
b. How many moles of C2H3Cl3O2 molecules are in 500.0 g of chloral hydrate?
c. What is the mass in grams of 0.02 mol chloral hydrate?
d. How many chlorine atoms are in 5.0 g chloral hydrate?
e. What mass of chloral hydrate would contain 1.0 g Cl?
f. What is the mass of exactly 500 molecules of chloral hydrate?
(15
marks)
6. a. What is a quantum number? What is an atomic orbital?
b. How many quantum numbers are required to specify a single atomic orbital? What are
they?
(4 marks)
7. Write a complete set of quantum numbers (n, l and ml) for each of the following orbitals:
a. 5f
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Due Date: Week 7 (3/4/2013)

b. 4d
c. 2s
marks)

(6

8. Write Lewis structures for the following molecules or ions:

POCl3
a.
ClO4b.
PO33c.
XeO4
d.

(4 marks)

9. Commercially available concentrated hydrochloric acid is 37% w/w. Its density is

1.18g/ml. Use this information to calculate:
a. The molarity of concentrated hydrochloric acid
(3 marks)
b. The volume (in milliliters) of solution containing 0.315 mole of HCl
(2 marks)
10. The units of parts per million (ppm) and parts per billion (ppb) are commonly used by
environmental chemists. In general, 1 ppm means 1 part of solute for every 10 6 parts of
solution (both solute and solution are measured using the same units). Mathematically, by
mass:
ppm = g solute = mg solute
g solution
kg solution
In the case of very dilute aqueous solutions, a concentration of 1.0 ppm is equal to 1.0 g
of solute per 1.0 mL of solution, which equal 1.0 g solution. Parts per billion is defined in
a similar fashion. Calculate the molarity of each of the following aqueous solutions:
a.
5.0 ppb Hg in H2O.
b.
1.0 ppb CHCl3 in H2O.
c.
10.0 ppm As in H2O.
d.
0.10 ppm DDT (C14H9Cl5) in H2O.
(12 marks)

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