High Yield for Step 1

*= to memorize, not great for a lesson

!=good for a lesson
Biostatistics:
1. Know all the formulas by heart Especially NNT, sensitivity, specificity*
Biochemistry:
1. Know DNA replication, transcription, translation especially splice sites and stop codons*
2. Lysosomal Storage diseases (especially the enzymes and differed between them for Tay Sachs,
Niemann picks and gaucher)*
3. Types of hypoglycemia (glycogen, glycolysis, and fatty acid disorders)!
4. Glycogen storage diseases*
5. Vitamin excess and deficiencies*
6. Hyperlipidemia and medications!
7. Collagen!
8. Urea cycle!
Microbiology (very high yield, if struggling make sure to really memorize this material)
1. Know classifications for gram positives, gram negatives, DNA and RNA viruses!
2. Bacterial exotoxins!! (very high yield!!)
3. Parasites- really only the high yield ones on first aid and most importantly malaria*
4. Fungi*
5. Antibiotics, antifungals!
Immunology
1. Types of hypersensitivity!
2. Cytokines*
3. Inflammation (neutrophil infiltration)!
4. B and T cell activation!
5. Immune Deficiencies!
Pharmacology
1. Autonomics!!!!! (Very high yield)
2. Drugs and particularly their side effects*
3. Calculating loading and maintenance doses*
4. Vmax and Km*
5. Second messenger systems!
Pathology
1. Necrosis!
Cardiology
1. ACS!
2. Heart failure!
3. Hyperlipemia!
4. Arrhythmias!
5. Shock!!!!
6. Murmurs!
7, Cardiomyopathies!
8. Congenital Heart disease!
9. Rheumatic fever!
10. Antianginal!
11. Anti-arrhythmics!
Endocrinology
1. Pathways (hypothalamus-> pituitary-> end organ)!
2. Hyper/hypo states for all hormones but particularly thyroid and cortisol!
3. Cortisol, aldosterone, sex steroid synthesis***

4. Diabetes medications and particularly side effects*

GI
1. Cells of GI tract and the compounds they release*
2. Types of ulcers!
3. Biliary disease!!!!
4. IBD!
5. Cirrhosis!
Hematology
1. Anemia!!!
2. Leukemia!!!!
3. Thrombocytopenia and reduced platelet function!!!
4. Sickle Cell Anemia!
5. Anticoagulants!
6. Chemotherapy- what part of cell cycle and side effects (especially taxols vs vincristine,
cyclophosphamide, bleomycin, cisplatin,)!
7. Immunosuppressants (cyclosporine, tacrolimus, methotrexate)*
MSK/rheumatology
1. Know common nerve lesions*
2. Arthritis! (Osteoarthritis, RA, septic)
3. Lupus!
4. Autoimmune diseases and their associated antibodies*
Neurology
1. Spinal cord lesions!
2. Localizing strokes!!!
3. Visual pathway!
4. Autonomics!!!! (Mentioned in pharmacology above)
5. Types of dementia!!!
6. Anesthetics!
7. Headaches!
8. Multiple Sclerosis!
Psychiatry
1. Antipsychotics!
2. Location of Neurotransmitters involved in disease*
3. Schizophrenia vs Schizoaffective vs schizophreniform vs brief psychotic disorder*
4. Personality disorders (esp difference between schizoid, avoidant, and schizotypal; borderline also
frequently tested)
Renal
1. Diuretics!
2. Acid/base!
3. Electrolyte abnormalities (esp hyponatremia, hypernatremia, hyperkalemia, hypokalemia,
hypercalcemia)!
4. Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone!
5. PTH!
6. Nephrotic/Nephritic syndrome!
Reproduction
1. Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovary tract*
2. Amenorrhea!
3. Normal Pregnancy and Pregnancy complications!
4. Brachial cleft-arch-pouch*
5. Breast Disease!
6. STDs!

Respiratory
1. Lung volumes*
2. Pneumonia (common bugs)*
3. Obstructive and Restrictive lung disease!
4. Lung cancer (especially paraneoplastic syndromes)!
5. Asthma treatments!
6. Chest x-Ray pathology (pneumonia, pneumothorax, cancer, gastric perforation)
7. Breath sounds, tactile fremitus, percussion to determine disease*
Skin
1. Bullous pemphigoid and pemphigus vulgaris*
2. Acne? (I had three questions on acne so maybe it is high yield now?)*