Solid Waste Management in Vallabh Vidhyanagar

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN VALLABH VIDHYANAGAR
A REPORT ON
PREPARED BY
AMIL MEMON (150080717001)
AJAY ANDODARIYA (150080717002)
JAIMIN PATEL (150080717009)
KAUSHAL PATEL 150080717011)
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERIG
In
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
BIRLA VISHVAKARMA MAHAVIDHYALA, V.V.NAGAR

AUTONOMOUS INSTITUTE
BVM ENGINEERING COLLEGE V.V NAGAR
PAGE 1
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I owe great many thanks to great many peoples who helped me and supported me during this
project.
Many deepest thanks to Prof. Dr. D. S. Vyas the guide of the project for guiding and
correcting various documents with attention and care. He is taken pain to go through the
project and make necessary corrections as and when needed.
I express my thanks to the Principal of, Birla Vishvakarma Mahavidhyalaya, Dr.F.S.Umrigar
foe extending his support.
My deep sense of gratitude to Mr.Dharmesh Patel and Mr.Krupesh Patel, sanitary supervisor,
Karamsad Nagarpalika for their support and guidance. Thanks and appreciation to the helpful
people at Karamsad Nagarpalika, for their support.
I would also like to thank my team members. Without them support the project would have
been a distant reality.
PAGE 2
ABSTRACT
Due to economic development, industrialization and increasing population, problems related
to the expanded consumption and depletion of resources, and the increased output of wide
ranging types of waste are becoming more serious than ever. With increasing population, the
waste produced will definitely increase along with the waste generated per capita. It is
necessary to implementation of effective Solid Waste Management System to dispose of
waste in an eco-friendly manner in order to reduce the environmental impacts.
The traditional or conventional methods for solid management are comparatively a slow
process and have many limitations. Recycling and Reuse of solid waste and its proper
management is the need of time. Many methods have emerged and have been tried out and
are still being adopted all over the world. Despite the enormous need, India has not been able
to practice any of these methods with advantage and economy. The method of treatment
ultimately should not only meet the regulatory requirements but should also result in
maximum use of end products.
In this report we will discuss the present method that is followed in our study area and also
discuss the factors affecting the method and the steps to be taken for more effective
management of municipal solid waste.
PAGE 3
INTRODUCTION
Solid Wastes Management is one of the essential obligatory functions of the Urban Local
Bodies in India. Population explosion coupled with improved life style of people, results in
increased generation of solid wastes in Urban as well as rural areas of the country. At present,
the Municipal solid waste disposal methods followed in many of the cities and towns are
unsystematic and unscientific and involve dumping in low lying areas. Most of the disposal
sites are just uncontrolled dumps where a mixture of domestic, commercial, industrial and
hospital wastes is thrown away at the dumping sites. Apart from creating air pollution,
ground water contamination and soil contamination, open dumping of wastes generally
becomes breeding ground for various dreadful disease causing pathogens and vectors,
Particular in the vicinity of the disposal sites. Further, with increasing awareness of public on
environmental and health issues, there is general opinion that the standard of services with
respect to collection and disposal of municipal solid waste is progressively declining. It is
also true in many cities as half of the solid waste generated remains unattended. The objective
of Solid Waste (SW) Management is to maintain clean and hygienic conditions and reduce
the quantity of SW, which has to be disposed of in sanitary Landfill Facility (SLF) after
recovery of waste materials and energy from it.
Solid Waste Management is a part of public health and sanitation, and according to the Indian
Constitutions, falls within the purview of the State list. Since this activity is non-exclusive,
non-rivalled and essential, the responsibility for providing the services lies within the public
domain. The activity being of a local nature is entrusted to the Urban Local Bodies. The
Urban Local Body undertakes the task of solid waste service delivery, with its own staff,
equipment and funds. In a few cases, part of the solid work is contracted out to private
enterprises.
PAGE 4
STUDY AREA
Vallabh Vidhyanagar is a town and a municipality in Anand district in the Indian State of
Gujarat. It is located between Ahmadabad and Baroda, 6 km from the town of Anand. V.V
nagar is known as educational hub of Gujarat.
As of 2001 India census Vallabh Vidhyanagar had a population of 23783. Males constitute
56% of the population and females 44%. Vallabh Vidhyanagar has an average literacy rate of
83%, higher than the national average of 59.5%, male literacy is 88%, and female literacy is
77%. In Vallabh Vidhyanagar, 8% of the population is under 6 years of age. In 2011 the
population of Vallabh Vidhyanagar is continuously increasing. Being an education city
number of students are more. New colleges and Institutions are opening, so it is being more
crowded of students. It is considered as a clean city of Gujarat. Citys geographical area is
limited. There are nine wards in Vallabh Vidhyanagar. Each ward has been allotted staff for
cleanliness of that area. Ward vise big dustbin is allotted. Cycle man is collecting solid waste
from door to door. New dead body carrier is available to the service of citizens.
Hereby, further we are discussing about the detailed method for the waste management of
Vallabh Vidhyanagar to reduce the solid waste.
PAGE 5
SOLID WASTE COLLECTION SYSTEM OF V.V.NAGAR

In Vallabh Vidhyanagar door to door solid waste collection system is there. Collection of
wastes is done in two shifts as in the morning and in the evening. Solid waste dumping is a
major problem for Nagarpalika authority because there is no spare open land for Nagarpalika.
According to WHO each person is generating 250 grams. Nagarpalika is collecting
Rs.27,85,778 as sanitation charge per year. There is Rs.175 sanitation charge per house.
Salary expenditure per annum is Rs.55,04,084. There are 7 tractors and 7 drivers with the
Nagarpalika for sanitation services. Authority is paying Rs.72000 per year to private land
owner for dumping the solid waste. Diesel expenditure is Rs.6,40,000. Tractor maintenance
expenditure is Rs.200000.
ADMINISTRATIVE SET-UP
Administratively, a Solid Waste Management Committee (SWMC) comprising of the project
representatives will look after the management of solid waste.
Chief Officer (1)

Sanitary Inspector (1)
Office Superintendent (1)
Supervisor (1)
Day time workers (90)
Night workers (25)
The workers work in two shifts. i.e morning & evening.

7:00am - 11:30pm (collection and disposal of waste)
2:30pm - 5:30pm (collection and disposal of waste)
PAGE 6
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN V.V.NAGAR
It follows Cradle-to-Grave approach for Solid Waste Management.

Segregation of wastes is non been done in household level. Every type of wastes is
collected in one bin.
The sanitary workers come and collect the wastes from the given community and dump in to
the common trucks allotted for the particular ward.
The solid waste is collected in the trolleys.

These wastes are taken to the open bare land and are dumped.
PAGE 7
Communal Storage Bin

PAGE 8
ROUTE ANALYSIS
For collection of the solid waste the whole town is divided in to 9 wards i.e 9 routes. The
routes are as follow:
Vallabh Vidhyanagar is divided in to nine wards :
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
CVM office, N.V Patel, BBIT to CU Hostel

SPRERI, BVM, Vindhya Hostel
Architect college, Bhaikaka Library to New Hostel ABC
SPU, S D Desai High School
Railway Hostel, M.B patel college, SEMCOM, T.V Patel, SPU Guest House
Badminton Hall, University Hostel, Bhaikaka Hostel, Royal Hostel
Liberty Hostel, Bank of Baroda, 6 quarters staff bungalows
Ranak Hostel, NCC office, Hiraba Mahila Mandal
NCC quarters, I.B Patel School to Ram Krishna Seva Mandir
COLLECTION
V.V.Nagar municipality is working systematically towards effective street sweeping,
collection, transportation and disposal of waste. The services provided are same in all the
wards. Every day roads are swept and waste is collected at a particular time slot starting from
morning 7 AM to 11:30 AM and from 2 PM to 5:30 PM. Sweepers are provided with the
handcarts or tricycles, scrappers and brooms to clean the roads and lanes properly, to clean
the open drains, to collect the waste and load it into the carts provided and then transfer them
to the containers.
The handcarts on an average have a capacity of 2-3 m3. Roads are first swept before
proceeding for collection of household wastes. The waste is collected by sweepers going
from house-to-house and collecting the waste which the residents have collected in the
dustbins. This house-to-house collection is done in all the residential sectors and covers more
than 95% of the households.
The municipality has a total 110 workers (30 permanent and 80 on daily wages) or collectors
for collection of waste. All the workers are provided with tricycles, hand carts, brooms and
tractor trolleys for the sweeping, collection and transportation of solid waste from house or
road to community containers or from containers to disposal site. There are total 10 numbers
of tricycles, 25 handcarts and total 80 numbers of dust bins including containers.
After the waste has been transported the community bins, slum areas are cleaned and treated
with the sprays so as to avoid any contamination or spread of disease.
PAGE 9

The V.V.Nagar municipality has provided with total 11 tractor trolleys for transporting and
collecting the municipal solid waste. The capacity of these vehicles varies from 2-4 tonnes.
The collection routes followed by the drivers of these vehicles are very haphazard and
collection time depend upon the daily traffic causing excessive travel times for collection and
dumping of wastes. Further, the loading of these wastes is also not done competently which
leads to spilling of the waste on roads which are either recollected or remain scattered on
roads.
DISPOSAL
There is only one dumping yard for the city which is situated near the Zydus Hospital.
Dumping is the major and final step of municipal solid waste management. All the waste
collected from the whole city is dumped at the dumping yard. There is no segregation of the
solid waste done by the municipality. During a whole day around 14 trips made by vehicles
for transporting a waste to the disposal site and total 9 tonne of the waste dumping at the site.
For levelling the waste, after every 7 days the compactors are used to compact the waste.
The municipality has started the treatment of city waste at the dumping yard with Effective
Micro Organism Solution. The treatment is helpful in acceleration of decomposition process
of the garbage, reduction in the volume of gas discharge with the result that foul smell has
substantially minimized minimization of larva of flies & mosquitoes, reduction in suspended
dust particles, reduction in the volume of waste and fermentation period.
Disposal site
PAGE 10
SCIENTIFIC APPROACH FOR SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

Solid Waste Management methods are presented below:
Storage &primary collection of waste from project colonies, office, Guest houses, labour
colonies/sheds, minor commercial establishments, market, community centre, Hospitals,
workshops, canteens/mess, school, garden, parks etc.
Waste Transportation mechanism
Waste Storage Depots/enclosures
Waste Disposal
PAGE 11
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN
Segregation & Primary Storage at the source

Collection
Transportation
Disposal
1. SEGREGATION AT SOURCE
Waste segregation cannot be introduced without public awareness and should be
implemented in a phased manner. In order to achieve this we have certain strategy :
The residents should be educated about appropriate use of biodegradable waste like
kitchen & garden wastes.
Extensive awareness and campaign have to be organized related to solid waste effects on
environment and health.
Sanitary workers should be recommended to collect the recyclable materials separately.
2. COLLECTION OF SOLID WASTE
It is recommended to have a mechanism for door to door collection of waste from the
staff colonies and labour sheds.
The Sanitary workers should have tricycle with containers or containerized handcarts
having ringing bell and will go for waste collection from individual house at a fixed time
every day.
During collection of wastes from the bins, care should be taken to avoid waste spillage
and it should be the responsibility of the sanitary workers to clean & maintain hygienic
conditions at the places where the community bins are kept.
PAGE 12
Collection Of Solid Waste
3. TRANSPORTATION OF SOLID WASTES
The sufficient number of tricycles / push carts /containerized handcarts should be

arranged for effective door to door collection system.
The transportation of waste from the waste storage depots to the processing and disposal
sites should be carried in the covered trucks/dumpers etc that is waste will not be
exposed to the humans.
To take care of certain unavoidable circumstances, it is required to lift waste from some open
place, front end loaders and tractors trolleys are used.
4. TREATMENT AND DISPOSABLE WASTE

COMPOSTING
For biodegradable part of solid waste , we should plan a composting plant as per day
capacity.
Composting is easy to operate and does not require sophisticated equipments.

Maintaining the required conditions like temperature, moisture etc. is relatively easy in
this process.
PAGE 13
SANITARY LAND FILLING
Land filling is restricted to non-biodegradable, inert waste and other waste that are not
suitable either for recycling or for biological processing.
The filling of waste takes place by building up horizontal layers, which is to be as lean in
void as much as possible and are adequately compacted.
SUGGESTED MEASURES FOR IMPROVING SOLID WASTE

MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Decreasing the use of Plastic bags
PAGE 14
1. Apart from the fact that plastic waste chokes the drain, suffocated animals to death
that eat them, it also makes Municipal solid waste unfit for any biological treatment.
2. Combustion of plastic leads to air pollution related hazards.
Trying to encourage the use of paper bags, wherever possible.
Jute, cotton bags and thick plastic bags available at shops/cooperative stores.
REDUCE, REUSE AND RECYCLE
All residents are suggested to reduce generation of food waste as far as possible. They
are recommended to hand over food waste to animal breeders for feeding animal, if
possible.
Usage of hard to recycle packaging material like PET bottles, metalized plastic films and
multi film packs should be discouraged.
All vendors and shops should recommend the customers to use carry bags and should
refuse from providing plastic bags.
SANITATION MEASURES
PAGE 15
The Sanitary workers should be allotted to some specified area and after sweeping they
would collect the waste in the form of heaps on the street side.
These heaps would be loaded in to handcarts and these handcarts will be emptied at
waste collection points.
Burning of solid waste causes hazardous/toxic gaseous pollutants. But still the burning of
waste is done in the public places.
Introduction of more area based citizens committees for management of solid waste is
of immense help. Segregation of wastes at household level is given a thrust. This
facilities in setting up units to covert this wastes in to organic manure.
Strict regulation of hazardous and bio medical waste, separate, secure landfills with
proper lining are identified. A common treatment plant disposal facility system is
activated outside the city periphery to reduce bio-medical and hazardous wastes to a
safer combination before further disposal in common secured landfills.
PAGE 16

Solid Waste Management in Vallabh Vidhyanagar

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SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN VALLABH VIDHYANAGAR

BIRLA VISHVAKARMA MAHAVIDHYALA, V.V.NAGAR

BVM ENGINEERING COLLEGE V.V NAGAR