REPORT

( INITIAL LINE UP & PROCESS DESCRIPTION )

SUBMITTED TO: ENGR. ASAD BASHIR ( U.E 102/103 UNIT)

BY: M. SALEEM CHOHAN (Trainee Engineer)

NRL# 11542

NAPHTHA HYDROBON ( 102 UNIT )

INTRODUCTION :
Naphtha hydrotreatment is practiced to prepare feedstock for catalytic reforming. All reforming
catalysts are gradually poisoned by sulfur compounds in the feed that strongly adsorb on and
coordinate with the metal sites. High sulfur levels in the feedstock lead to excessive coking
and rapid deactivation. Therefore, in commercial operation, it is required that sulfur content
in the feed be extremely low. Basic nitrogen compounds adsorb on acid sites. They inhibit
principally the acid function, but to some extent they can alter the metallic properties of the
platinum. In the presence of water, they can also result in leaching of chloride. Hence, nitrogen
compounds should also be removed from the reformer feedstock.. For bimetallic Pt-Re catalysts
the accepted guideline for optimal catalyst performance is that the sulfur in the feed should be
below 0.251 ppm to prevent the reversible sulfur from poisoning the hydrogen transfer
capability. As a platinum catalyst is easily poisoned by the presence of sulfur,oxygen, nitrogen,
and metallic components, it is essential to pretreat naphtha before reforming. The cost of
removing sulfur from the reformer feedstock is easily justied by the extended life of the
reforming catalyst.
PROCESS DESCRIPTION:
The feed heavy straight run Naphtha (Lean, 85C200C fraction,) of Arabian light crude is
obtained from 101 CDU unit that has run down in 182 S-61 and S-511 storage tanks. The feed
tank S-62( Rich Naphtha processed from local crude) may be utilized through 182 -FCV 302 for
meeting desired product quality. The HTN (hydrotreated Naphtha) from storage tank 182 S-512
is used during the start up procedure.
102 HP SYSTEM:
The feed (HSRN) is pumped by 102 P1 A/B up to 40 bar .The flow is controlled by 102 FCV-026
.It is then combined with the hydrogen-rich gas (70-80%) through 102 PCV 65 A .The H2/HC
ratio b/w 250-400 SCFB is normally required.The mixed feed then enters the shell side of the
combine feed heat exchangers 102 E1 A-H where it is preheated by the reactor (102-R1)
effluent up to 510 F .At this temperature the Naphtha is completely vaporized, it is further
heated in a furnace (102-F1) to get final reaction temperature up to 610 F. The preheated
feed now enters the reactor 102 R-1 (skirt supported ) which is down-flow fixed bed reactor
containing S-7 and S-120 catalyst (Cobalt / Nickel- molybdenum sulfides alumina supported )
.Inert ceramic balls are placed above the catalyst bed to distribute the feed evenly and to
support the catalyst bed as well.In the presence of the metal-oxide catalyst, the hydrogen