Submitted to

Dr Nasser Mohamed Ramli

Submitted by,
27th November 2015

Summary
NAME

ID

CHOO EE HUEY

18510

ARTHUR ELISEUS

18441

KUAN SHAO KANG

18346

NORSAFWAN BIN NORDIN

18337

MUHAMMAD AIMAN NAIM BIN AHMAD SUKRI

18509

Generally, the aim of the project is to introduce students on the concept of

control system and how to implement the theory of Chemical Process,
Dynamics, Instrumentation and Control on a specific real case situation. The
project provide a brief sight-seeing of the control system, in which students
are exposed to various models and formulas to get along with tuning and
controlling system.
Through this project, students are required to tune a control loop by
arranging the control parameters to their optimum values in order to obtain
desired control response. In this level, stability is the main necessity,
nevertheless at certain point, different systems may leads to different
behaviors and requirements, which might not be compatible to each other.
Students are given task to obtain the optimum tuning for Cyclone Feed
Density Control by regulating few parameters using a manual process step
testing and an automatic PID controller. Also, the project description
provided 5 tables of tuning methods e.g. Manual, Quarter Decay Ratio

Response, Set point Changes, Dahlin Synthesis and Cohen Coon.

By using value of 20 for step time and 30 for step size in the manual
controller, Gain (Kc), Time Delay (t0) and Time Constant () are calculated.
These values are substituted in each of the formulas for the various tuning
methods specified before. Getting the values for controller types, the three
vital Gains for the PID controller, Proportional Gain (K P), Integral Gain (KI)
and Derivative Gain (KD) are acquired. Finally, these gains are inserted in
the PID controller to determine the response.
As a conclusion, this project is the best practice for those who are
interested in tuning and controlling system as it assist students to illustrate
those theories and calculations learned before, into responses of the
dynamic system, which would be very useful for a chemical engineer.

Introduction
In recent years, control systems plays vital role in the development
and advancement of modern technology and civilization. Practically every
aspects of our day-to-day life is affected less or more by some control
system. A bathroom toilet tank, a refrigerator, an air conditioner, a geezer,
an automatic iron, an automobile all are control system. These systems are
also used in industrial process for more output. Besides, control system can
be found in quality control of products, weapons system, transportation
systems, power system, space technology, robotics and many more. The
principles of control theory is applicable to engineering and nonengineering field both.

Overall, this project will emphasize on the process control which mainly
functions to maintain a process at the desired operating conditions, safely

and

efficiently,

while

satisfying

environmental

and

product

quality

requirements, by using numerous types of tuning methods discovered. The

subject of process control is concerned with how to achieve these goals. In
large-scale, integrated processing plants such as oil refineries or ethylene
plants, thousands of process variables such as compositions, temperatures,
and pressures are measured and must be controlled. Fortunately, large
numbers of process variables (mainly flow rates) can usually be
manipulated by the control system for this purpose.
As

brief

overview

to

the

subject,

this

project

consider

representative process control problem in several industries, which is

Cyclone Feed Density Control.

References
http://www.electrical4u.com/control-system-closed-loop-open-loop-controlsystem/
Seborg, D.E., Edgar, T.F, Mellicham, D.A., Doyle III, F.J. (1990). Process
Dynamics and Control. 3rd edition.