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(SEMESTER 1 2011)
4 marks
(b)
3 marks
(c)
A silicon solar cell of area 100 cm2 has a VOC = 600 mV and an ISC = 3.3 A at 300K
under 1-sum (1 kW/m2) illumination. Assuming the cell is ideal calculate:
(i) The dark saturation current density, J0 , of the cell.
(ii) The ISC of the cell under 10-suns illumination.
(iii) The VOC of the cell under 10-sun illumination.
3 marks
Briefly discuss three important aspects of solar cell design that affect solar cell
efficiency.
3 marks
(b)
Derive an expression for the fractional power loss due to lateral current flow in the
diffused top layer of a silicon solar cell.
4 marks
(c)
A commercial cell has a top n-layer sheet resistivity of 35 /square and gives its
maximum power output at a voltage of 420 mV and a current density of 28 mA/cm2.
If the finger spacing is 3 mm, calculate the fractional power loss due to lateral current
flow in the top layer.
3 marks
Appendix
Equation
2hc 2
nkT VMP
ln
VMP VOC
1
q nkT / q
1
hc
exp
1
kT
FF
hc
E hf
E (eV )
1.24
E T 4 AM
( m)
PM VMP I MP
Pin
Pin
EQE ne / n ph
1
cos z
s
AM 1
h
OC ln( OC 0.72)
VOC
, OC
OC 1
nKT / q
SR
I SC
q ne
q ne
q
EQE
PIN ( ) E phn ph hc n
hc
ph
Eg 0
I 0 BT exp
kT
d 81360
;
365
sin
23.45
F _ Sth 90 ( d )
dT
T
1 dFF 1 dVOC 1
6
FF dT
V
dT
T
OC
F _ Nth 90 ( d )
sin s cos cos cos sin sin
sin cos cos sin cos
cos s
cos s
PM RS (VMP I MP RS ) I MP
RCH
VOC
I SC
RS
RCH
15(hour 12)
rS
PM RS PM (1 rs )
360
hour 12
NDY 81
365
24
S S
sin( )
sin( )
0 .6 7 8
FFs FF0 (1 rs )
rSH
RSH
RCH
FFSH FF0 1
r
SH
q (V IRS ) V IRS
I I L I 0 exp
1
nkT
RSH
C PV
i
S 1 (1 i ) n
I I 0 exp qV nkT 1
COE
I I L I 0 exp qV nkT 1
d1 0 / 4n1
VOC
nkT I L
ln 1
q
I0
n1 n0 n2
n1 sin 1 n2 sin 2
Rb
bW
Ploss
s / t
s
J 2b s S 3
24
1
dx
0 ( x)
Pfrac
Ploss s S 2 J MP
Pgen
12VMP
qV / N
I tot MI L MI 0 exp tot
1
nkT
V
ln 2 I
NOCT 20
TCELL TAIR
S
800
Constants:
Physical Value
Symbol SI
CGS
eV
Exact Decimal
Acceleration of Gravity
9.8 m s-2
Speed of Light
3.00x108 m s-1
3.00x1010 cm s-1
Plancks Constant
6.63x10-34 J s
6.63x10-27 erg s
4.14x10-15 eV s
6.6260755
Boltzmanns Constant
1.38x10-23 J K-1
8.62x10-5 eV K-1
1.3806513
Electron Mass
me
9.11x10-31 kg
9.11x10-28 g
9.1093897
e or q 1.60x10-19 C
4.80x10-10 esu
1.60217733
1.60x10-12 erg
Electric Charge
2.99792458
Electron Volt
eV
1.60x10-19 J
Permittivity Constant
8.85x10-12 F m-1
8.85418781762
Permeability Constant
1.26x10-6 H m-1
1.25663706143
Energy Conversion:
1 eV
1 kWh
1 Calorie
=
=
=
-19
1.6010
3.6 MJ
4.1868 J
Properties of Water
3
1000 [kg/m ]
1.0 [kg/litre]
1.0 [g/cm3]
4.18 [J/(gC)]
18 [g/mol]
1eV
density of water
density of water
density of water
heat capacity of water
molecular weight of water
SI Prefixes:
n (nano)10-9,
m (milli)10-3,
k (kilo) 103,
G (giga) 109,
P (peta)1015,
(micro)10-6,
c (centi) 10-2,
M (mega) 106,
T (tera) 1012,
E (exa) 1018
Properties of Air
1.2 [kg/m3]
1.05 [J/(g-C)]
Volumetric
1 m3 = 1000 litres
1 litre = 1000 cm3
density of air
heat capacity of air