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B5_115_2012
CIGRE 2012
SUMMARY
Todays highly developed industry and sophisticated society rely heavily on information and
communication technology. As a consequence, there are ever increasing demands to improve the
reliability of the electric power supply and to achieve higher levels of quality. Japanese utilities and
manufacturers have increased their efforts to maintain and improve the reliability of the electric power
supply and have achieved excellent performance with results of less than 10 minutes/year for the
System Average Interruption Duration Index (SAIDI). One of the key contributing factors in achieving
this performance has been through the coordination of protection and automation systems. This paper
describes the substation automatic restoration systems (hereafter SARS), their development and how
they have made a major contribution to the improvement of the reliability of the electric power supply
in Japan.
According to a domestic survey on Substation Control and Monitoring System Technology published
by the IEEJ in 2010, the SARS used in Japan, for all practical purposes, can be classified into 2 types:
full automatic restoration to achieve a complete restoration of the supply and partial automatic
restoration that needs re-energization which is undertaken by an operator [1]. The former is
subcategorized into 6 types: transmission line recloser, distribution line recloser, automatic busbar
transfer at a tapped substation, automatic restoration following a transformer fault, and automatic
restoration following an HV or LV busbar fault. The latter includes partial automatic restoration
following the complete outage of a substation or a busbar fault. These automation systems are customdesigned and applied individually to each line in accordance with the operations policy of each utility.
In this paper we will introduce a number of advanced examples made specifically from the viewpoint
of the coordination of protection and automation systems designated in the preferential subject.
Japan has been successful in developing various types of SARS based on the optimal coordination of
protection and substation automation systems. Furthermore, if a high-speed information and
communication network is attained, it is thought that a new automatic restoration function could be
developed and applied in order to meet the increasing needs of the electric power system. These
systems will serve as a useful reference towards the development of future advanced networks.
KEYWORDS
Substation Automatic Restoration Systems - full automatic restoration - partial automatic restoration
Itou.Hisanori@chuden.co.jp
1. Introduction
Todays highly developed industry and sophisticated society rely heavily on information and
communication technology. As a consequence, there are ever increasing demands to improve the
reliability of the electric power supply and to achieve higher levels of quality. Japanese utilities and
manufacturers have increased their efforts to maintain and improve the reliability of the electric power
supply and have achieved excellent performance with results of less than 10 minutes/year for the
System Average Interruption Duration Index (SAIDI). One of the key contributing factors in achieving
this performance has been through the coordination of protection and automation systems. This paper
describes the substation automatic restoration systems (hereafter SARS), their development and how
they have made a major contribution to the improvement of the reliability of the electric power supply
in Japan.
Function
High-speed
Main
(one shot)
Back-up for
earth fault
Transfer of receiving line
at a tapped substation
Restoration following
transformer fault
Restoration following
primary-side busbar fault
Restoration following
secondary-side busbar fault
Medium-speed
Low-speed
Partial
automatic
restoration
systems
Reclosing of
transmission
line
Full
automatic
restoration
systems
Description
Reclosing of
distribution
feeder
1.open
2.open
Earth fault
reclose
reclose only
sound feeder CBs
Busbar fault
trip
trip
trip
trip
Protection relay
operation (trip CBs)
open
open
Busbar fault
open
Busbar protection
relaysline fault
Busbar protection
open
relaysbusbar fault
SARS operation
(open DSs)
Fault locating
close
close
SARS operation
(close DSs)
Figure 4 The power system in the metropolitan area Figure 5 System re-synchronize operation in
the islanded system.
In power system , substation C provides the interconnection point between the bulk power system
and the metropolitan networks. The 275 kV bus configuration can be changed daily in accordance with
the prevailing conditions for demand-supply and with consideration to any equipment which might be
out-of-service for maintenance. When substation C receives power from route C or route D as shown
in Figure. 5 (a), it is named "Topology I". If we consider the islanded system for this topology, when
a fault occurs on route C, the ISAS will re-synchronize the islanded system to the bulk power system
via route D. Alternatively, when substation C is receiving power from both route C and route D, with
the 275 kV bus separated as shown in Figure.5 (b), it is named " Topology II". For this topology, when
a fault occurs on route C it islands the system at C1, the ISAS will re-synchronize the islanded system
along with the system at C2 via route D to the 500kV bulk power system.
4. Conclusion
Japan has been successful in developing various types of SARS based on the optimal coordination of
protection and substation automation systems. Furthermore, if a high-speed information and
communication network can be attained, it is thought that a new automatic restoration function could
be developed and applied in order to correspond to the increasing needs of the electric power system.
These functions will serve as a useful reference towards the development of future advanced networks.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
[1] Technical Report No.1203 of IEEJ in 2010 ' Substation control and monitoring system technology '
[2] S. Agematsu et al. ' Islanding Protection System with Active and Reactive Power Balancing
Control for Tokyo Metropolitan Power System and Actual Operational Experiences', DPSP, 2001, 7th
International Conference on IEE.