Department of Mathematics

Prof. Dr. Mahmoud Annaby

Dr. M. S. Osman
Spring 2016

Mathematics
for Engineering Students (MATH-203)
Worksheet Nr. (11)

Eigenvalues & Eigenvectors and their applications

Exercise 1:
Show that
( )

(3)

and

are not similar matrices.

Exercise 2:

Determine whether
matrix such that
( )

is diagonalizable and, if so, find an invertible matrix

( )

( )

( )

] ( )

and a diagonal

Exercise 3:

Use Cayley-Hamilton theorem, to compute the indicated power of the matrix.

[

Exercise 4:
(1) Prove that if is similar to , then
is similar to .
(2) Prove that if is diagonalizable, so is .
(3) Let be an invertible matrix. Prove that if is diagonalizable, so is
.
(4) Let and be
matrices, each with distinct eigenvalues. Prove that
same eigenvectors if and only if
.

and

have the

Exercise 5:
Validate the Cayley-Hamilton theorem for the given matrices, and then use it to evaluate
for each matrix.
[

and

Exercise 6:
Let

be

matrix with eigenvectors

eigenvalues
(a) Find
(b) Find

[ ]

[ ]

[ ] corresponding to

respectively, and
What happens as

becomes large (i.e.,

[ ]
)?

Exercise 7:

Find the companion matrix of ( )

. Then find the characteristic
polynomial of ( ) and its eigenvalues and eigenvectors.

Exercise 8:

Construct a non-triangular
matrix with eigenvalues -2, 1, and 3.
(Hint: you can use the properties of companion matrices).

Exercise 9:

Let
matrices with eigenvalues
, respectively.
(a) Give an example to show that
need not be an eigenvalue of
.
(b) Give an example to show that
need not be an eigenvalue of
.
(c) Suppose
correspond to the same eigenvector Show that, in this case,
eigenvalue of
and is an eigenvalue of
Exercise 10:
Find all (real) values of k for which is diagonalizable.
[

is an

Exercise 11:

Solve the recurrence relation with the given initial conditions.

( )
.
( )
3.
( )
.

Exercise 12:

Find the general solution, as a function of

( )
( )

( )

to the given system of differential equations.

( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )

Exercise 13:
Two species, X and Y, live in a symbiotic relationship. That is, neither species can survive on its
own and each depends on the other for its survival. Initially, there are 15 of X and 10 of Y. If
( )
( ) are the sizes of the populations at time months, the growth rates of the two
populations are given by the system

Determine what happens to these two species.

Exercise 14: (Predator-Prey model)

Robins and worms cohabit an ecosystem. The robins eat the worms, which are their only source
of food. The robin and worm populations at time years are denoted by ( )
( ),
respectively, and the equations governing the growth of the two populations are
()
( )
()
( )

If initially 6 robins and 20 worms occupy the ecosystem, deter mine the behavior of
the two populations over time. (Use Euler's formula in complex numbers to get your
solutions in terms of

).