INTRODUCTION TO

MANAGEMENT INFORMATION
SYSTEMS

Dr. Abhishek Narain Singh

Learning Objectives
2

Role of information systems

Decision hierarchy in organizations
MIS: concepts & importance
Management: what is management?
Information: what is information?
Systems: what are systems?

The Role of Information Systems

3

Information Systems are Transforming Business

Technology, to a large extent, has driven organizations to
change the way they operate and that includes the way
they manage

Increase in use of wireless technologies

Shifts in media and internet advertising

Globalization challenges and opportunities

Internet has drastically reduced costs of operating on

global scale

The Role of Information Systems..

4

In the emerging, fully digital firm

Significant business relationships are digitally enabled and

mediated

Core business processes are accomplished through digital

networks

Key corporate assets are managed digitally

Digital firms offer greater flexibility in organization and

management

Time shifting, space shifting

The Role of Information Systems..

5

Strategic Business Objectives of Information Systems

Six objectives:
1.
2.

3.
4.
5.
6.

Operational excellence
New products, services, and business models
Customer and supplier intimacy
Improved decision making
Competitive advantage
Survival

MIS: A Concept
7

MIS acronym of three words

Management
Information
System

Management

MIS

What is Management?
Management

is an art of getting things done through

others to achieve certain objectives of the organization.
It involves:
Planning
Organizing
Staffing
Directing
Controlling

Management: What is Management?

9

Planning
Setting

goals and objectives

Setting time period for the plan
Lay down polices, procedures, and rules
Forecasting
Budget
Organizing
Analyzing

the activities to be performed

Dividing jobs into sub-tasks
Allocating and delegating authority

Management: What is Management?

10

Staffing
Putting

right person at the right place

Training and development
Delegation of responsibilities
Directing
Leadership
Motivation
Communication

Management: What is Management?

11

Controlling

Resources - money (capital), manpower (people),

materials, machines, movement (distribution, flow),
and information
Fixing

standards
Measuring
Evaluating
Reporting
Taking corrective action

What Managers Do?

12

Managers perform 5 major functions (Henri Fayol,

French management theorist)

Plan what they are to do

Organize to meet the plan

Staff their organization with the necessary resources

Direct the available resources to execute the plan

Control the resources

Management Hierarchy
13

Information

MIS

14

What is Information?
Information is data that has been processed into a form
that is meaningful to the recipient (user) and is
presented in a form which assists decision makers
It may contain:
an

element of surprise
reduce uncertainty, or
provoke a manager to initiate an action

Transforming Data into Information

Data Inputs

Information Outputs
Query Response

External
Data

Internal
Data

Capture
Decision Outcome
Manipulation

Storage

Expert-System Advice

Transaction Document
Provision of Access
at User Location
Report

15

Organization
Environment

Information System

Information Sources
16

External Information
Govt.

polices
Economic trends
Availability and cost of
various resources
Competitors activities
Customer feedback

Internal Information
Sales

forecast
Financial resources and
plans
Capacity utilization
pattern
Personnel utilization
pattern
Budget allocation and
utilization

Information Needs
17

Information
Top

Management:
Unstructured
Non-programmed
Futuristic
Approximate
External

Operating

needs of different management levels

Management:

Structured
Programmed
Historical
Exact
Internal

Characteristics of Information
18

Relevance
Timeliness
Accuracy
Completeness
Summarization
Reliability

Validity
Consistency
Age
Impartiality
Frequency
Cost-benefit Analysis

System

MIS

19

Definition:
A system is a set of interrelated
components (subsystems or elementary
parts) that operate together to achieve a
common objective (or multiple objectives)

Business is also a system

Systems Concepts
20

General Model of a System:

Input,

process and output

Elements of a system define its boundary

The system is inside the boundary and the environment is

outside the boundary

Boundary

depicts the scope of activities

A system is composed of subsystems

The interconnections and interactions between the

subsystems happen through interfaces

Example

of a system: an information system

Sub-systems: PC Monitor, PC software, PC hard disk, User

System and its Subsystems

21

Management Information Systems

22

Management Information Systems

an

integrated user-machine system

for providing information
to support the operations, management, analysis, and
decision making functions
in an organization
The system utilizes
Computer hardware & software
Manual procedures
Models of analysis, planning, control, decision making and
Database/s

Management Information Systems

23

MIS can provide managers with information in a

usable from
MIS

is a formal information network to provide management information for decision making

The

goal of MIS is to provide the correct information to

the appropriate manager at the right time in a useful
form

24

Thank You!