Professional Documents
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OSH514 :
SAFETY MANAGAMENT IN
CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
Lesson Plan
Introduction
INTRODUCTION
3
OSH MS
OSH MS 1722:2011
The policy should be:a) specific to the organisation and appropriate to its size
and the nature of its activities;
b) concise, clearly written, dated and made effective by
the signature or endorsement of the employer or the
most senior accountable person in the organisation;
c) communicated and readily accessible to all persons
at their workplace;
d) reviewed for continuing suitability; and
e) employee participation
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Should have the following key principles:a) protecting the safety and health of all members of the
organisation and others who may be affected by the work
carried out;
b) preventing work-related fatalities, disabilities, injuries, ill health,
diseases, property and environmental damage and near
misses;
c) complying with relevant OSH national laws and regulations,
and other requirements to which the organisation subscribes;
d) ensuring that employees and their representatives are
consulted and encouraged to participate actively in all elements
of the OSHMS; and
e) continually improving the performance of the OSHMS.
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HIRARC
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Contents
Objectives
Accidents
Basic of accident prevention method
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Objectives
At the end, participants would know:
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Hazard
Defined as source or condition which has
potential to cause injury and/or ill health to
humans, damage to property or damage to
workplace or environment or combination of any
Hazard source
of the above.
Hazard may cause harm if not in control
(uncontrolled hazards)
Attack of the tiger
hazard due to potential
impact may cause harms
Note: Source OHSAS 18000 & MS1722:2003
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Example of Hazard
Tripping
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Risks
Definition of OHSAS 18002 Combination of
likelihood or probability AND consequences/
effect for a particular hazard to happen.
Definition of MS1722 A combination of the
likelihood of an occurrence of a hazardous event or
High risk
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Risks
Definition of OHSAS 18002 Combination of
likelihood or probability AND consequences/
effect for a particular hazard to happen.
Definition of MS1722 A combination of the
likelihood of an occurrence of a hazardous event or
High risk
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Example of Risks
Scope of work
Hazard
Risk
Grinding
Welding
Radiation from
the welding arc
Eye inflammation/
kataraks/blind
Injury/Death
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Danger
Do you know?
SIGNAGE
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What is ACCIDENT?
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Definition of accident
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Source of accident
METHOD/
PROCEDURE
MACHINERY/
EQUIPMENT
HUMAN
MATERIALS
MEDIA
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Effect of accident
Injuries
Disablement
Disability
Death
Loss (monetary)
Damage
Reputation
Phobia/Fear
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Cost of accident
Direct
(magnitud 1)
Loss of income
Medical
Damage of property
Indirect
(magnitud 8-36)
New workers
Video
Health issues
Falls
Asbestos
Mobile plant
Manual handling
Electrical accident
Chemical
Trips
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Statistic
Year
No of reported
accidents
No of workplace
accident
No of accident
to/fro workplace
No of death
accident
2001
84,333
67,163
17,170
958
2002
81,810
63,423
18,387
858
2003
73,858
56,249
17,609
822
2004
69,132
50,803
18,329
846
2005
61,182
43,885
17,297
773
2006
58,321
40,617
17,704
733
2007
56,339
38,657
17,682
755
2008
54,133
35,092
19,041
981
2009
55,186
34,376
20,810
663
2010
57,656
34,911
22,745
409
Source: PERKESO & JKKP (as cited by Sayani Saidon in her research on HSE in JBPM)
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80,000
70,000
60,000
50,000
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
2001
2002
No of reported accidents
2003
2004
2005
No of workplace accident
2006
2007
2008
2009
No of death accident
2010
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Fundamental of Accident
Prevention
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C = H = Hazard identification
A = Analyse the risks
T = Take action
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Hazard Identification
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Hazard Identification
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Take action
TINDAKAN (ACTION)
Right action, practical and appropriate for controlling risks arising from
hazards
Involve risk control hierarchy that consists of 2 main options:
Eliminate the risk, or
Accept hazard but reduces the level of risk
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Hazard category
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HAZARD
1.1 kejutan elektrik
2.1 kejutan elektrik
2.2 bulb meletup
2.3.kaca tajam
KAWALAN
1.1.1 Matikan suis utama DB dan guna pen ujian untuk
memastikan bekalan benar-benar putus
2.1.1 Pastikan suis dimatikan
2.2.1 Pakai cermin mata keselamatan
2.3.1 Pakai saring tangan keselamatan
MODULE 1
Laws & regulations
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Contents
Legislative requirement
OSHA
FMA
UBBL
CIDB
Others
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FMA 1967
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FMA 1967
Generally, the act:
FMA 1967
Regulations relating to construction:
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FMA 1967
Others are:
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BOWECS 1986
Provision for
Safety of the construction which explains on the hazard and risk
emerge from construction and control measures
Detailing on concrete and structural work
Provision for constructions structures likes catch platform, chutes,
safety belts, ladders and scaffolds
Safety in constructions works likes demolition, excavation, manual
handling, piling, blasting and explosion
Safety of hand and power tools
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INTRODUCTION
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OSHA 1994
OSHA 1994
The purpose of the Act:
OSHA 1994
Main provision:Section 15 Responsibility of employer
OSHA 1994
Main provision:Section 24 - Responsibility of Employee
To ensure the safety and health of yourself and others
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UBBL 1984
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CIDB 1994
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MODULE 2
Preparing for Works
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Contents
Introduction
Planning the work
Organizing the work
Notifying the site to HSE
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Objective
80
Introduction
Pre-inspection
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Work programme
84
Material/machinery safety
85
Manpower requirement
Experienced, background & trained worker
Subcontractor management
Monitoring and supervision
Safe working instruction to be communicated and understood
Coordination among the contractors
Work programme scheduling and organizing the jobs and
resources
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Authority concerned
Authority concerned
Department of Environment
Effluent discharge
Disturbance to nature
MODULE 3
Setting up the Site
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Contents
Site requirement
Facilities
Safety Plan
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Objectives
At the end, participants would know:
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Site Requirement
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Site access
Safe access onto and around the site for people and vehicles.
Ensure vehicles can be kept clear of pedestrians at vehicle loading/unloading areas,
parking and maneuvering places and areas where drivers vision may be obstructed.
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Worker walkway must be free from obstructions, have adequate light (50 lux) and signboards
Employees are not allowed to use the shortcut that expose them to danger.
* Rule 10 BOWEC - Access to Workplace
* Rule 20 BOWEC - Illumination of Passageways etc.
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Site boundaries
HOARDING
Facilities
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Welfare facilities
Waste area
Storage
Tidy, floor clean and dry, free of tripping hazard or slippery condition.
When storing materials, ensure a safe load for the floor or racks
Maintain the work passage or emergency routes are not blocked
Ensure that building materials are not stored within 2 m of open space during
construction
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Illumination
Safety Planning
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Safety Planning
Emergency procedures
Planning for an emergency
Fire safety
First aid
NADOOPOD
On site regulations
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Emergency procedures
Emergency procedures
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Fire safety
Source of ignition:
-
Static electricity
Smoking
materials
Naked flame
Electrical
equipment
Hot surface
Fire safety
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Water Class A
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Fire safety
IN THE EVENT OF FIRE
First aid
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First aid
On site regulations
Signage
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Signage
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Signage
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Signage
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MODULE 4
Construction Phase
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CONTENTS
Overview of Construction Safety
Stage 1: Infrastructure Work
Stage 2: Substructure
Stage 3: Super structure
Stage 4: Finishing works
General requirements
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126
10 common accidents
Physical
Health
1. Asbestos
2. Mobile plant
2. Manual handling
3. Noise &vibration
4. Electrical accidents
4. Chemicals
5. Trips
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Survey work
Site clearing
Logistic mobilisation of materials, machine, man etc.
Earthwork
Service relocation work
Confined space
Demolition
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SURVEY WORK
JOB SCOPE:
HAZARD
CATEGORY:
1. BIOLOGICAL
2. ERGONOMIC
3. PSYCOSOCIAL
WORKPLACE HAZARD
RISKS
1. BITTEN/STUNG
1. SWOLLEN
2. REPITITIVE MOVEMENT
2. BACK PAIN
3. FALLS
3. INJURY
4. HEAT STRESS
4. FAINT/UNCONCIOUS
CONTRIBUTING FACTOR
CONTROL MEASURE
4. SUN RADIANCE
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SITE CLEARING
JOB SCOPE:
HAZARD
CATEGORY:
1. BIOLOGICAL
2. PHYSICAL
3. PSYCOSOCIAL
WORKPLACE HAZARD
RISKS
1. BITTEN/STUNG
1. SWOLLEN
2. MACHINERY OVERTURN
2. INJURY
3. FALLS
3. INJURY
4. HEAT STRESS
4. FAINT/UNCONCIOUS
CONTRIBUTING FACTOR
CONTROL MEASURE
4. SUN RADIANCE
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EARTH WORK
JOB SCOPE:
HAZARD
CATEGORY:
1. BIOLOGICAL
2. PHYSICAL
3. PSYCOSOCIAL
WORKPLACE HAZARD
RISKS
1. EXTREME WEATHER
1. ILL HEALTH
2. MACHINERY OVERTURN
2. INJURY
3. INJURY
4. HEAT STRESS
4. FAINT/UNCONCIOUS
CONTRIBUTING FACTOR
CONTROL MEASURE
2. UNEVEN/UNSTABLE/SOFT GROUND
4. SUN RADIANCE
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JOB SCOPE:
HAZARD
CATEGORY:
1. BIOLOGICAL
2. CHEMICAL
3. PSYCOSOCIAL
WORKPLACE HAZARD
RISKS
1. MACHINERY OVERTURN
1. INJURY
2. ENBANKMENT COLLAPSE
2. INJURY, DEATH
3. INJURY
4. UTILITIES DAMAGE
4. UTILITIES BREAKDOWN
CONTRIBUTING FACTOR
CONTROL MEASURE
1. UNEVEN GROUND
2. SOFT/UNSTABLE SOIL
4. EXCAVATION
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CONFINED SPACE
JOB SCOPE:
HAZARD
CATEGORY:
1. BIOLOGICAL
2. CHEMICAL
3. PSYCOSOCIAL
4. ERGONOMICS
WORKPLACE HAZARD
RISKS
1. SUFFOCATION
1. FAINT/DEATH
2. ELECTROCUTION
2. INJURY, DEATH
3. INJURY
4. FAINT/UNCONCIOUS/DEATH
CONTRIBUTING FACTOR
CONTROL MEASURE
1. RESPIRATORY FAILURE
2. ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION/CABLE
4. TOXIC GASOUES
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Fresh air
??
O2
??
O2
??
O2
O2
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Stage 1: Demolition
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Stage 1: Demolition
DEMOLITION
JOB SCOPE:
HAZARD
CATEGORY:
1. BIOLOGICAL
2. ERGONOMIC
3. PSYCOSOCIAL
WORKPLACE HAZARD
RISKS
1. INJURY
2. ERGONOMICS
2. BACK PAIN
3. INJURY
4. HEAT STRESS
4. FAINT/UNCONCIOUS
5. INJURY DEATH
CONTRIBUTING FACTOR
CONTROL MEASURE
1. FLYING OBJECT/DEBRIS
1. ISOLATION, NETTING
2. REPITITIVE MOVEMENT
4. SUN RADIANCE
144
General requirements
Stage 2: Substructure
Foundation works
Piling work safety
Concreting work safety
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PILING WORK
JOB SCOPE:
HAZARD
CATEGORY:
1. PHYSICAL
2. ERGONOMIC
3. PSYCOSOCIAL
WORKPLACE HAZARD
RISKS
2. GROUND FAILURE
2. INJURY, DEATH
3. FALLS
3. INJURY
4. HEAT STRESS
4. FAINT/UNCONCIOUS
CONTRIBUTING FACTOR
CONTROL MEASURE
1. NOISE
1. ISOLATION
2. SOP, SUPERVISION
3. OPENING, EXCAVATION
3. SIGNAGE, PTW,
4. SUN RADIANCE
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CONCRETING WORK
JOB SCOPE:
HAZARD
CATEGORY:
1. PHYSICAL
2. ERGONOMIC
3. PSYCOSOCIAL
WORKPLACE HAZARD
RISKS
1. INJURY, DEATH
2. REPITITIVE MOVEMENT
2. BACK PAIN
3. INJURY
4. HEAT STRESS
4. FAINT/UNCONCIOUS
CONTRIBUTING FACTOR
CONTROL MEASURE
3. HOUSEKEEPING
4. SUN RADIANCE
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151
JOB SCOPE:
HAZARD
CATEGORY:
1. PHYSICAL
2. CHEMICAL
3. BIOLOGICAL
WORKPLACE HAZARD
RISKS
1. FALLING OBJECT
1. INJURY
2. RESPIRATORY PROBLEM
3. INJURY , DEATH
4. HEAT STRESS
4. FAINT/UNCONCIOUS
CONTRIBUTING FACTOR
CONTROL MEASURE
1. NEGLIGENT
2. VENTILATION, RESPIRATOR
3. WELDING EQUIPMENT
4. SUN RADIANCE
3. SOP, SUPERVISION
4. PPE WELDER MASK, SAFETY BOOT, HAT
ETC
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Scaffolds
Temporary structure
Chutes
Catch platform
Ladder safety
Lifting Operations
Passenger Hoist
Lifting crane
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Stage 3: Scaffolding
Stage 3: Scaffolding
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JOB SCOPE:
HAZARD
CATEGORY:
1. PHYSICAL
2. ERGONOMICS
3. BIOLOGICAL
WORKPLACE HAZARD
RISKS
1. FALLING OBJECT
1. INJURY
2. ELECTROCUTION
2. INJURY DEATH
3. COLLAPSE
3. INJURY , DEATH
4. HEAT STRESS
4. FAINT/UNCONCIOUS
CONTRIBUTING FACTOR
CONTROL MEASURE
1. NEGLIGENT
2. ELECTRICAL
3. UNSTABLE STRUCTURE
4. SUN RADIANCE
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Personal Fall
Arrest System
(PFAS)
Guardrails
Safety netting
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Temporary structure
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Temporary structure
CATCH PLATFORM
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LADDER SAFETY
JOB SCOPE:
HAZARD
CATEGORY:
1. PHYSICAL
2. ERGONOMIC
WORKPLACE HAZARD
RISKS
1. INJURY
2. REPITITIVE MOVEMENT
2. BODY PAIN
3. FALLING OBJECT
3. INJURY
4. AWKWARD POSTURE
4. BODY PAIN
CONTRIBUTING FACTOR
CONTROL MEASURE
3. UNSAFE ACT
4. AWKWARD POSTURE
169
PASSENGER HOIST
JOB SCOPE:
HAZARD
CATEGORY:
1. PHYSICAL
WORKPLACE HAZARD
RISKS
1. INJURY
2. PINCHED/STUCK IN BETWEEN
2. INJURY
3. FALLING OBJECT
3. INJURY
CONTRIBUTING FACTOR
CONTROL MEASURE
2. NEGLIGENT
3. NEGLIGENT
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Loads
Wind direction
Other loads
Load capacity
Scope
Lifting procedure
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IMBALANCE LOADS
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LIFTING CRANE
JOB SCOPE:
HAZARD
CATEGORY:
1. PHYSICAL
WORKPLACE HAZARD
RISKS
1. FALLING OBJECT
1. INJURY
2. CRANE FAILURE
3. GROUND/FOUNDATION FAILURE
4. COMMUNICATION FAILURE
4. MISPLACE, ACCIDENT
CONTRIBUTING FACTOR
CONTROL MEASURE
1. HUMAN/MECHANICAL ERROR
1. APPROVED CRANE,
2. HUMAN/MECHANICAL ERROR
2. LIFTING/RIGGING SOP
3. SOFT/UNSTABLE SOIL
4. TRAINED OPERATOR
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Roofing work
Insulation & cladding work
Electrical safety
Testing and Commissioning
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ROOFING WORK
JOB SCOPE:
HAZARD
CATEGORY:
1. PHYSICAL
2. ERGONOMIC
WORKPLACE HAZARD
RISKS
1. INJURY, DEATH
2. FALLING OBJECT
2. INJURY, DEATH
3. STRIKE BY LIGTHNING
3. INJURY, DEATH
4. HEAT STRESS
4. FAINT/UNCONCIOUS
CONTRIBUTING FACTOR
CONTROL MEASURE
1. HUMAN/MECHANICAL ERROR
2. TRAINING
3. LIGTHNING
4. SUN RADIANCE
180
Stage 4: Painting
181
Stage 4: Painting
PAINTING
JOB SCOPE:
HAZARD
CATEGORY:
1. PHYSICAL
2. CHEMICAL
3. ERGONOMICS
WORKPLACE HAZARD
RISKS
1. INJURY
2. FALLING OBJECT
2. INJURY
3. AWKWARD POSTURE
3. BODY PAIN
4. HEAT STRESS
4. FAINT/UNCONCIOUS
CONTRIBUTING FACTOR
CONTROL MEASURE
1. HUMAN BEHAVIOUR
2. UNSAFE ACT
2. TRAINING, SUPERVISON
3. REPEATITIVE MOVEMENT
4. SUN RADIANCE
182
Stage 4: Plastering
183
Stage 4: Plastering
PLASTERING
JOB SCOPE:
HAZARD
CATEGORY:
1. PHYSICAL
2. CHEMICAL
3. ERGONOMICS
WORKPLACE HAZARD
RISKS
1. INJURY
2. FALLING OBJECT
2. INJURY
3. AWKWARD POSTURE
3. BODY PAIN
4. HEAT STRESS
4. FAINT/UNCONCIOUS
CONTRIBUTING FACTOR
CONTROL MEASURE
1. HUMAN BEHAVIOUR
2. UNSAFE ACT
2. TRAINING, SUPERVISON
3. REPEATITIVE MOVEMENT
4. SUN RADIANCE
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Unseen
No smell
Quiet
Metal
Water
Human body
Electrocuted
Fire
Electric static
Explosion
Two main protection from electricity: Protection from direct contact insulation
Protection from indirect contact earthing
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SEVERITY / CONSEQUENCES
< 1 mA
NO HARM
1-8 mA
SLIGHTLY SHOCK, BUT NOT SO HURT AND MIGHT TEMPORARY LOOSE MUSCLE
CONTROL
8-15 mA
15-20 mA
PAINFUL SHOCK EFFECT, THE HAZARD CAN NOT BE RELEASED ON ITS OWN AND
LOSS OF MUSCLE CONTROL
20-50 mA
100-200 mA
> 200 mA
188
ELECTRICAL WORK
JOB SCOPE:
HAZARD
CATEGORY:
1. PHYSICAL
2. ERGONOMIC
WORKPLACE HAZARD
RISKS
1. ELECTROCUTION
1. INJURY, DEATH
2. SHARP EDGE
2. BACK PAIN
3. INJURY
4. HEAT STRESS
4. FAINT/UNCONCIOUS
CONTRIBUTING FACTOR
CONTROL MEASURE
1. ELECTRICITY
4. SUN RADIANCE
189
FUSE
MCCB
MCB
HRC FUSE
ELCB / RCCB
190
General requirements
191
General requirements
192
General requirements
Well maintained
Right tools
Inspect before use
Follow instruction
Right PPE
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General requirements
194
General requirements
General requirements
196
General requirements
Traffic management
197
General requirements
Traffic management
Local authorities and the police
should be contacted to determine if
the right job path should be closed
and traffic control systems such as
temporary traffic lights and clear
signage should be used to control
the flow of traffic
Traffic Signal Manual must be used to determine the needs
and size of the safety zone signal is necessary.
198
General requirements
General requirements
200
General requirements
When working on swift currents, run the rope or net across the surface
of the water on the downstream side of all workplace locations and
equipped with floats or other tools that can help the employee to float
during emergency.
The line must be tied to a solid structure at each end.
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Oleh: Engr. Norrazman Zaiha bin Zainol Email: razman.pe@gmail.com
General requirements
Permit To Work
Objective of PTW
Characteristic of PTW
205
Example of PTW
Type of PTW
207
Procedure of PTW
208
THE END
Thanks you
209