1.

Read the following poem carefully:

LETTER FROM A PARENT (8 Marks)
Dear Sir,
I feel I ought to write
About Toms essay-work last night.
Of all the subjects you have set
This seemed the most unwise yet.
Describe your family.. Tom wrote it,
So well, I just had to stop it
Being handed in; - so did my wife.
The details of our family life
Are not such a kind, alas,
That I should want them read in class :
We did not wish the high school staf
To read them for a-lunch-hour-laugh.
We tore it out. I realize
You may think what we did unwiseBut give it your consideration
And please accept my explanation.
I trust you will not blame my son,
for after all, the work was done.
Yours truly
Harold Honeybun
1. On the basis of your reading of the poem, answer the following questions
briefly.(42)
1. Why does the father forbid his son to submit the essay to his teacher?
2. How would the staf of the school would react to the sons essay?
3. Who are the persons to be blamed for Toms not submitting his essay?
4. Why should Tom be pardoned?

2. Read the poem and answer the questions that follow [8

marks]
THE LEADER
1.
Patient and steady with all he must bear,
Ready to meet every challenge with
care, Easy in manner, yet solid as
steel,
Strong in his faith, refreshingly real.
5.
Isn't afraid to propose what is
bold, Doesn't conform to the
usual mould,
Eyes that have foresight, for hindsight
won't do, Never backs down when he
sees what is true, Tells it all straight,
and means it all too.
10. Going forward and knowing he's right,
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even when doubted for why he would

fight, Over and over he makes his
case clear, reaching to touch the
ones who won't hear. Growing in
strength he won't be unnerved,
15. ever assuring he'll stand by his word.
Wanting the world to join his firm
stand, Bracing for war, but praying
for peace, Using his power so evil
will cease,
So much a leader and worthy of trust,
20. Here stands a man who will do what he must.
Q1. The above poem refers to
.
Q2. Doesnt conform to the usual mould suggests the person being
described is
Q3. The true qualities of a
true leader are
and
(any two)
Q4. The leader would fight war bravely but .
Q5. Using his power so evil will cease: Here cease
means
. Q6. Find the antonyms of the following words from
the passage
A.
Insight [lines 5-7]
B.
Conflict [lines 15-17]
Q7. Find the synonyms of the following words from the passage:
A.
Accurate [lines 8-10]
3. Read the passage and answer the questions that follow:
8 Marks
Dharam Dev Pishorimal Anand (26 September 1923 3 December
2011), better known as Dev Anand, was an Indian film actor, writer,
director and producer known for his work in Hindi cinema. Part of the
Anand family, he co-founded Navketan Films in 1949 with his elder
brother Chetan Anand.
The Government of India honoured him with the Padma Bhushan in
2001 and the Dadasaheb Phalke Award in 2002 for his contribution to
Indian cinema. His career spanned more than 65 years with acting in
114 Hindi films of which 104 have him play the main solo lead hero
and he did 2 English films. Dev Anands autobiography Romancing
with life appears to be a very honest portrayal of the man called
Dev Anand. This article is composed on the basis of revelations
recorded in his life story. Being a very shy boy Devs father put him
up in a girls school in Gurdaspur. It is obvious that Dev had a very
captivating face.

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As a child Dev was fond of playing with marbles on the street

outside his house. He was an excellent marksman from any distance.
He was always sure of hitting every marble that he aimed for. Due to
his marksmanship, he had won several marbles and stored those in a
big jar, which was his proud possession. His father hated him for
playing all day with marbles. Dev was afraid of his father. One day
his father admonished him for playing with the marbles all the time.
He said that this was not the way to attain stature in life. But he loved
his mother very much.
While Dev was still in Gurdaspur, his mother developed Tuberculosis,
a fatal disease during those days. The rare medicines necessary for
her treatment were unavailable in Gurdaspur. Dev and friend Bhagoo
used to go to Amritsar, more than thirty miles away from Gurdaspur,
by bus to bring medicines for the treatment of his mother. Dev was
fond of a special Lassi made from full fat milk, which used to have
Pedas crushed into it.
One sultry summer day Dev was sweating outside the Golden Temple
in Amritsar. A Sikh gentleman was selling Almond Sherbat. Dev put
his hand forward to grab the tumbler of Sherbat. The Sikh
Sherbatwala saw the unique blessings of sun on Devs forehead. He
quickly said that some day you will be a big shot in life. Dev narrated
this to his mother, who hugged him and told his father to give him the
finest education and other facilities so that her son gets what he aspires
for. His mother soon became too weak to walk even and was moved to a
sanitarium, where she died.
Dev was enrolled in Government College Lahore for his graduation,
which he did with honors in English. But soon he discovered that his
father had fallen on bad days. Dev wanted to go to England for higher
education, so that he could get an elite government job on return to
India, but his father admitted that he could not afford this. His father
gave him the option to do his masters degree from Lahore
Government College and then serve as a clerk in a bank, which Dev
declined.
Q1. Give a suitable heading for the above passage.
Q2. The name of Dev Anands biography is
.
Q3. In his childhood he loved playing
and he stored
them in a
because they were his proud possession.
Q4. He travelled to Amritsar with his friend Bhagoo, which was thirty miles
away from his home tin order to
.
Q5. The special lassi which Dev was particularly fond of was made of
.
Q6. Dev could not go to England to pursue his higher education because
.
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Q7. The Sikh sherbatwala, outside the Golden temple, told Dev that he
would
.
Q8.From the passage, find the synonyms of the
following word:
a] story of your life (para 2)
4. Read the Passage carefully and answer the questions that follow (8 Marks)
Nanotechnology nanodots and hair drives
We know that information in a computer hard drive is stored on a disk coated with a
magnetic material. With advances in nanotechnology, storing tera bytes data in a
computer chip, just a few centimetres wide, has now become a reality. Nanoscopic dots
of nickel have been created by Ashutosh Tiwari and Jagdish Narayanan at North Carolina
State University that measures just five nanometres in diameters. Basically, each nano
dots consists of a discrete ball of seven hundred nickel atoms, and one can have on or
two magnetic states. This allows them hold a single bit of information, as a 1 or a 0,
which are packed close together as the dots are discrete units that are not structural
linked.
For designing these nanodots, researchers first used a pulsed laser to heat nickel
until it turned into plasma- an amorphous form of matter with both positively and
negatively charged atoms. In this form, the nickel rearranged itself on two diferent
substrates- aluminium oxide and tin titanium nitrate- as uniform dots. These dots
rearranged themselves at the destiny that would, theoretically allow about five terabytes
of data or 5000 gigabytes to be packed into computer drive roughly the size of a postage
stamp. The ultimate aim of scientists is to integrate these nanodots with silicon chips.
Notwithstanding the potential of this new computer memory technology, several
changes still need to meet. Actually having five nanometre dots in the right structure on
a surface that can be used as a memory tough task. Secondly it is important to find an
alternative to nickel, as this has to be cooled in order to work efectively as a magnetic
memory. This fabrication technique could, however, be used in other ways. For example,
scientists found it possible to arrange the dots in a uniform manner within the crystalline
structure of tin titanium nitrate. As nanodots could strengthen the crystal lattice of a
molecule, these may lead to the development of novel, super-strong materials.
1. Define information.
2. How is the advancement in nanotechnology useful?
3. What is the ultimate aim of the scientists?
4. What is plasma?
5. Who have created Nanoscopic nanodots of nickel?
6. What does nanodots consists of?
7. How were the nanodots designed?
8. The other word for integrate is .

5. Read the following passage carefully and answer the question that
follows:
(12 marks)
1. When monsoon overstays, with the host of attendant problems getting worse due to
civic neglect, one sees not the romance of rains but the nuisance of it. But rains are not
just water drops from the heavens; they have the power to change the course of the
world history.
2. The awesomeness noise of the rapidly overflowing river currents in the thick forest
night, with five days torrential rains on thorny bushes and shrubs, all made it difficult for
Alexander the Great and his huge army to cross the river Jhelum in high spate. But he
crossed it where it was narrowest.
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3. Thoroughly drenched and with battlefield half flooded, Alexander gathered together
his army on horseback and well before day-break attacked the huge army of king Porus
with the lightning speed, catching them unawareness. Suddenly, the rains gathered
momentum again.
4. The army of Porus consisted mainly of unwieldy elephants scared by the piercing
arrows of rain ran back in retreat, trampling down the soldiers. Some of the animals had
their legs stuck in the deep mud, making them immobile and leading to an easy defeat
of the Indian king.
5. Porus had committed the mistake of presuming that Alexander wont attack in heavy
rains when there was a cloud burst the previous night and the battlefield was half
flooded. The enemys nimble footed horses made swift charges. Overtook the fleeing
elephants in quick succession and defeated the king in no time. Porus was thus not
defeated the king in no time. Porus was thus not defeated by Alexander the Great but by
the incessant rains.
6. Now comes Changez Khan, the invincible Mongol King, who never lost any battle in his
lifetime and was ranked mightier than Alexander. The khan had once laid a siege to
massive Chinese fort for two months with no hope of surrender by the enemy. He was
advised to lift the siege in view of the rations running shorter while it had been raining
intermittently for over a month and half. But the shrewdly waited on for the rains to stop.
7. When the skies cleared for a single day, he negotiated with the Chinese fort guard to
lift the siege provided they gave him rations or else all types of birds that perched in
abundance on the trees inside the fort to feed his hungry army before retreating. By the
same evening the guards threw down thousand of netted and caged birds like sparrows,
pigeons, parrots, thrushes, falcons, starlings, crows and blackbirds.
8. As night fell, an oil soaked piece of cloth was tied around one foot of each bird, which
was set on fire and the whole flock released all of a sudden. The burning creature flew
high in panic and as they wont, returned to their tree-nests in the fort in haste, setting
the fort afire.
9. Taking advantage of the resultant panic and commotion all over the fort, the Khan
attacked the fort with full might. As the main gate of the fort was burnt down, his soldiers
climbed up the ramparts and killed the guards and defeated the Chinese.
10. While Alexander became victorious because of heavy rains on that particular night,
Changez khans triumph was because of the stopping of the rains. Rains are therefore,
natures manifestations that afect diferently diferent people at diferent places and
diferent times, shaping the destiny of mankind diferently and, making history diferent.
- Satya Pal Arora (adapted)
a

c
d

On the basis of your readings of the passage, answer the following questions as
briefly as possible: What generally is the monsoon associated with?
2
marks
What were the two things that made virtually impossible for Alexander the
Great
to
cross
Jhelum?
2 marks
How did the elephants contribute to defeat the Porus?
marks
What made the elephant immobile?
marks

2
2
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e
f
g

Porus had committed the mistake...(line 15). The mistake was....

mark
What plea did Changez Khan make to get all the birds?
mark
How did khans soldiers reach inside the fort?
mark

2. From the passage find words which mean the following:

1
1
1

[1]

(a) Fearful (para 2)

(b) Fastest (para 2)
5. KALAMS CONCEPT OF TOTAL COMMITMENT

1. Total commitment is not just hard work, it is total involvement. Building a rock
wall is a back-breaking work. There are some people who build rock walls all their
lives. And when they die, there are miles of walls; mute testimonials to how hard
those people had worked.
2. He continued, But there are other men who, while placing one rock on top of

another, have a vision in their minds, a goal. It may be a terrace with roses
climbing over the rock wall and chairs set out for lazy summer days. Or the rock
wall may enclose an apple orchard or mark a boundary. When they finish, they
have more than a wall. It is the global that makes a diference. Do not make
rocketry your profession, your livelihood- make it your religion, your mission.
3. To succeed in your mission, you must have single minded devotion to your
goal. Individuals like me are often called WORKAHOLICS. I question this term
because that implies a pathological condition or an illness. If I do that which I
desire more than anything else in the world and which makes me happy, such
work can never be an aberration. Words from the psalm come to my mind while I
work Examine me, o lord and prove me.
4. Total commitment is a crucial quality for those who want to reach the very top
of their profession. The desire to work at optimum capacity leaves hardly any
room for anything else. I have had people with me who scof at the 40 hours a
week a job they were being paid for. I have known others who used to for 60, 80,
and even 100 hours a week. They used to find their work exciting and rewarding.
Total commitment is the common denominator among all successful man and
woman. Are you able to manage the stresses you encounter in life? The
diference between an energetic and a confused person is the diference in the
way their minds handle their experiences man need his difficulties because they
are necessary to enjoy success. All of us carry some short of super intelligence
with in us. Let it be stimulated to examine our deepest thought desires, and
beliefs.
5. Ones you have done this charge yourself as it work to the commitment to your
work you also need good health and boundless energy. Climbing to the top
demands strength, whether it is true the top of Mount Everest or to the top of
your career. People are born with diferent energy reserves and one who tries first
and burns out easily will do well to recognize his/her life to the earliest.
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(i)

Based on the basic of your reading of the above passage, complete the
following
statements
as
briefly
as
possible.
(4 marks)
(a)To succeed in ones mission one must _____________.
(b)The diference between an energetic and a confused person is
_______________.
(c)The people can happily work for 100 hours a week if they ____________.
(d)The one who tries and burns out first ______________.
(ii)
Fill
in
the
blanks
with
the
appropriate
words/phrases:
(2 marks)
(a)Total commitment is (1) ________ (2) __________.
(iii) What is the importance of difficulties in our life?
(1 marks)
(iv) What qualities are required to succeed in life, according to the passage?
(1 marks)
(v)
Find words/phrases in the passage which mean the same as __________.
(4 marks)
(a) Related to a disease (para 3) ________.
(b) Deviation from normal/distortion (para 3) ___________.
(c) Very important (para 4) _________.
(d) Maximum (para 5) __________.
7

Read the following passage carefully :

1. Filmmaker Chandan Johars new film, Still Standing, is about his
quadriplegic father, Rajinder Johar, who has not only come to terms with his
disability but is a source of inspiration to many. The film is an emotive
tribute by a son to his father, a man of immense courage.
2. I knew that this is a story that the world needs to know, says Chandan.
My father has turned a personal disaster into an opportunity to serve
society. This film is a dedication to the unbreakable spirit of this man.
Rajinder Johar had learnt to accept his disability with stoic acceptance and
good cheer. Among the many case studies present in the film, is one of
Sabina who was four years old when she lost both her legs in a train
accident. Life became really tough for her. She went to Rajinder Johar who
had, in the meantime set up an NGO, Family of Disabled (FOD). He helped
her set up smalls shop and later gave her a tricycle which she now uses to
go
to
work
and
ferry
her
children
from
school.
3. The film also shows a talented painter, seema , at work. she lost both her
hand in an accident at a very young age. but she has trained herself to do a
lot
of
thing
with
her
feet,
including
painting.
4. Rajinder Johars family bore the brunt of his disability. Chandan recalls that
the family would never go on vacation and he was always embarrassed to
bring his friends home. Today Chandan consider himself lucky to have had
the opportunity of watching his inspiration father at close quarters.
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5. People have diferent celebrities as their role models. I had one right at
home he says. It shows in his loving portrayal of his father. Still Standing is
a moving film for the audience.
(351 words)
Complete the following statements by choosing the appropriate phrases from
the passage :(8 marks)
1. Filmmaker Chandan Johors film still standing is about ____________.
2. It is an ___________ movie.
3. FOD has helped Sabina by ____________.
4. Seem, a talented painter has lost ____________.
5. Seema trained herself to _____________.
6. Chandans father, Rajinder Johar is ____________ for him.
7. How did Rajinder Johar is ____________.
8. The word for showcase is ___________.

8. The Photograph -Ruskin Bond

I was ten years old. My Grandmother sat on the string bed under the
mango tree. It was late summer and there were sunflowers in the garden
and a warm wind in the trees. My grandmother was knitting a woolen scarf
for the winter months. She was very old, dressed in a plain white sari; her
eyes were not very strong now, but her fingers moved quickly with the
needles, and the needles kept clicking all afternoon. Grandmother had
white hair, but there were very few wrinkles on her skin.
I was rummaging in a box of old books and family heirlooms that had just
that day been brought out of the attic by my mother. Nothing in the box
interested me very much except for a book with colourful pictures of birds
and butterflies. I was going through the book, looking at the pictures,
when I found a small photograph between the pages. It was a faded
picture, a little yellow and foggy. It was the picture of a girl standing against
a wall and behind the wall there was nothing but sky: but from the other
side a pair of hands reached up, as though someone was going to climb the
wall.
I ran out into the garden. Granny I shouted. Look at this picture! I found it
in the box of old things. Whose picture is it?
She took the photograph from my hand, and we both stared at it for a
very long time. Whose picture is it? I asked.
A little girls, of course, said Grandmother. Cant
you tell? Yes, but did you know the girl?
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Yes, I knew her, said Granny, but she was a very naughty girl and I
shouldnt tell you about her. But Ill tell you about the photograph. It was
taken in your grandfathers house about sixty years ago. And thats the
garden wall and over the wall and over the wall there was a road going to
town.
Who was the girl? I said. You must tell me who
she was. No, that wouldnt do, said
Grandmother. I wont tell you.
I knew the girl in the photo was really Grandmother, but I pretended I
didnt know. I knew because grandmother still smiled in the same way, even
though she didnt have as many teeth.
Come on, Granny, I said, tell me,
tell me.
But grandmother shook her head and carried on with the knitting. And I held
the photograph in my hand looking from it to my grandmother and back
again, trying to find points in common between the old lady and the little
pig-tailed girl. A lemon-coloured butterfly settled on the end of
Grandmothers knitting needle and stayed there while the needles clicked
away. I made a grab at the butterfly and it flew off in a dipping flight and
settled on a sunflower.
Q1. The grandmother was busy
.
Q2.
were blooming in the garden.
Q3. The boy found
in the box of old things.
Q4. The photograph was taken ago at the boys
. Q5. Apparently, the
girl was
in the photograph.
Q6. The boy recognized the young girl in the photograph by
. Q7. Find words in the passage which mean the following:
a) Searching [para 2]
b) Falling [last para]

9. Rest in peace
1.

Who

climbed Mount Everest first? Edmund Hillary and Tensing Norgay

set foot on the highest peak in the world in 1953, the year of the
coronation of Queen Elizabeth II. But there is another school of thought,
a more passionate one that gives the credit for the mountaineering feat
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to a team of two young daring Britons, George Leigh Mallory and

Andrew Irving. They were supposed to have reached the summit of the
th
Everest on 8 June 1924, more than three decades before Hillary and
Norgay reached the base of the mountain. There is only one problem
with this theory: neither Mallory nor Irving lived to
tell the tale of their success on the treacherous mountain. They
disappeared somewhere close to the summit, some say only 180
meters from the bald patch of snow and ice, an uninspiring feature
closer to the heavens than any other point in the world, which has
attracted numerous intrepid souls across the world for decades.
Therein hangs one of the most enduring mysteries of the
mountaineering world by all accounts. Mallory and Irving were the
unlikeliest of men to become partners in an adventure like an Everest
expedition. Mallory was an experienced mountaineer, having honed his
skills in the Alps and other European mountains Irving was younger to
him and inexperienced. When they met, Everest was talked about in
hushed tones in pubs where mountaineers often gathered to wind
down and exchange stories. It was in a distant world. Nothing much
was known about it except that the locals called it Sagarmatha and
worshipped it as the holy seat of the Mother Goddess. What intrigued
the mountaineers most was the British
th
Surveyor General, George Everest, calling it, in the 19 century, the
highest mountain in
the world. Until then, Europeans had never imagined there could be
mountains higher than the Alps.
2.

The legend of the Everest was born thus. It fired the imagination of
mountaineers of the world over. Mallory and Irving were just two of
them who set forth for the distant mountain. The news of their
success in opening the route across some of the most treacherous
portions of the Everest route excited the mountaineering world to no end.
It was the first time anyone had climbed to such heights. Even before
th
dawn broke on 8 June 1924, Mallory and Irving began their journey to
the summit. They were last seen then. Many said they fell to Gods
wrath having defiled the holy seat of the Mother Goddess. Some said it
was Irvings inexperience which caused the tragedy. There were talks of
the Yeti killing them. And yet there were others who argued that the duo
never went anywhere near the summit and that it was all part of an
imperialist conspiracy. Two years ago, American guide Eric Simonson
found Mallorys frozen body some 180 meters from the summit and set
at rest all such speculations. This year, he is planning another
expedition to recover the remains of Irving. But he has run into stiff
oppositions
from Irvings family which wants their hero to remain in the shadow
of summit which, even in the day of space exploration, remains an
enduring symbol of adventure and discovery.
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EXERCISES
1.
(a)

(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

In the following exercise, fill in the blanks with suitable words or

phrases.
Young and daring Britons, George Leigh Mallory and Andrew Irving are
credited .. more than three decades before Hillary and Norgay.
[1]
Mallory and Irving were the unlikeliest of men to become partners in
adventures like an expedition to the Everest because
[1]
The Everest was called . of the Mother Goddess.
[1]
General George Everest called it the in the world, higher than
[1]
There are many curious about the disappearance of Mallory and Irving.
Some of the these theories are:
[2]
(i)

(ii)

(iii) Some say the yeti killed them.

(iv) Some say it was a part of an imperialist conspiracy.

(f)

2.

American guide Eric Simonson found Mallorys frozen body some ..

[1]
From the passage find a word which means the same as:

[1]

fearless/adventurous (para1)
10. Read the following passage and answer the questions
[8 Marks]

If

you meet a member of that select club, the Twelve True Fishermen,
entering the Vermon hotel for the annual club dinner, you will observe, as he
takes off his overcoat, that his evening coat is green and not black. If you
ask him why, he would answer that he does it to avoid being mistaken for a
waiter. You will then retire crushed. But you will leave behind you a mystery
as yet unsolved and a tale worth telling.
If you were to meet a mild, hardworking little priest, named Father Brown,
and were to ask him what he thought was the most singular luck of his life,
he would probably reply that upon the whole his best stroke was at the
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Vernon Hotel, where he had averted a crime and, perhaps, saved a soul,
merely by listening to a few footsteps in a passage.
The Vernon Hotel, at which The Twelve True Fishermen held their annual
dinners, stood, as if by accident, in the corner of a square in Belgravia. It
was a small hotel; and a very inconvenient one. But its very
inconveniences were considered as walls protecting a particular class. One
inconvenience, in particular, was held to be of vital importance: the fact
that practically only twenty-four people could dine in the place at once. The
only big dinner table was the celebrated terrace table, which stood open to
the air on a sort of verandah overlooking one of the most exquisite old
gardens in London. Thus it happened that even the twenty four seats at this
table could only be enjoyed in warm weather; and this made the enjoyment
more difficult yet more desired. The existing owner of the hotel was a Jew
named Lever; and he combined with his limitation in the scope of his
enterprise the most careful polish in his performance.
The wines and cooking were really as good as any in Europe. , and the
demeanor of the attendants exactly mirrored the fixed mood of the English
upper class. The proprietor knew all
his waiters like the fingers on his hand; there were only fifteen of them, all
told. It was much easier to become Member of Parliament than to become a
waiter in that hotel. Each waiter was trained in terrible silence and
smoothness, as if he were a gentlemans servant. And, indeed, there was
generally at least one waiter to every gentleman who dined.
Read the questions given below and ANSWER THE QUESTIONS:
[1X 8=8 Marks]

i)

What does the select

club stand for
ii)
Why is their evening
coat green?
iii)
Why did the proprietor know all the waiters?
iv)
What does Precisely mean in the passage?
v)
Why was the
hotel famous?
vi)
Which term does the Writer uses for the waiters?
vii.
What was the name of the Owner of the Hotel?
viii.
Why was it easier to become Member of parliament than to become
a waiter in that hotel?

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Section: B WRITING & GRAMMAR SECTION

(25 MARKS)
DIARY ENTRY 100-120 WORDS (5 MARKS)
Purpose
Diary is a kind of personal document. It records an individuals account of a day
of his/her life.
Format

Top left-Date, day and time.

Tense Most frequently used-Simple past, Present perfect and future.
First person application

Steps

Begin the entry with general sentences describing the day or momentary
feelings.

In the body, you may discuss an event, your feeling towards it. How it is
likely to afect your future plans.

Conclude with final remark and future course of action.

Solved Example
1-You are Naresh. You happened to go to Agra in a crowded bus on a hot summer
day.
Record your experience in the form of a diary entry.
Date:
Day:
Time:
Today I had the bitterest experience of life. I never had such an awful experience
in my life before. I had gone to Agra for an urgent work. There were very few
buses plying today as most of them had been put on election duty. I waited for
two hours at the bus-stop to get into the bus. It was much crowded. I somehow
managed to get some space for myself. It was really difficult to breathe. Everyone
was sweating. People were pushing each other. After journey of two hours, I came
out of the bus and took a sigh of relief.
Ill never forget this journey in my life.
Naresh
Question for practice:
1. Today you visited your ancestral village and watched the farmers harvesting a
crop of wheat. Make a diary entry describing your experience at the village.
2. You happened to visit the science city, Gandhinagar as a part of educational
excursion of your school. Describe your experience in the form of a diary entry.
3. You were a member of a team of students campaigning against the spread of
smoking in the village community. Make a diary entry describing your
participation and success achieved in your mission.
Article Writing 100-120 WORDS (5 MARKS)

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Tips-

Read the question carefully.

Use CODER
Make some points to be covered
Expand the points in 3-4 paragraphs
Plan, organize and present ideas coherently
Be creative
Take care of grammar
Use proper layout

Writing an article is a challenging task. It needs creativity, good vocabulary, good

knowledge of the subject and skill to organize ideas.
Purpose
To focus on themes like social concern, narrating an event, describing of a place,
etc.
Format
Heading/Title must be catchy and sharp
By-name of the author
Body
I Para- Introduction-Start with a slogan, a question, an amazing fact, figure or
statement.
II/III Para Causes, efects, present state of afairs, etc.
IV Para Draw solutions and conclusions
Solved Example

1-You decide to write an article in the school magazine on how it is

important to save the planet, Earth. Write the article in about 120
words.
Save the planet, Earth
This is a cause of complete concern across the globe today. The global warming
has accelerated the rise of temperature on earth which is said to have risen by
4C. The sea level is also rising. The glaciers are also melting away. There has
been very less rainfall in the recent years resulting in the scarcity of food around
the world. The death rate due to starvation has increased immensely. We, the
human being are solely responsible for this calamity. We pollute our planet in
many ways. Deforestation, industrial pollution, toxic wastes, vehicular pollution
and lack of greenery are the chief cause of imbalance in the ecosystem.
The urgent need of the hour is that each one of us take step to save the planet in
every possible way. We should protect our forests. Save fuel, plant trees, take
care of toxic pollutants, conserve water and change our life style.
Awareness programs must be launched by the students and NGOs to make
people aware of environment problems. The public should avoid the use of
polythene bags. All of us must strive hard to save our beautiful planet for the
future generations.
2. Video games, Internet, Cell Phones and other high-tech gear are just
part of growing up in a digital world. But parents are concerned about
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the amount of time their children spend with these and worry that it
might be distracting and cramping academic and social development.
Using your own ideas and those taken from the unit science, write an article in
180 words, describing both the benefits and harms of using these high-tech
devices.

High Tech Device- Boon or Bane

The present day high-tech gear is just part of growing up in a digital world.
Nevertheless one cannot deny that all these gadgets have become a part and
parcel of our daily lives. Besides we have become highly dependent on these
devices. This is more so in the case of children. Their lives are completely ruled
by these devices.
These device have many benefit. They have made our lives easier and more
comfortable. They have made the world jump forward with a leap, and built up a
glittering modern world. They have also opened innumerable avenues for the
growth of knowledge and have given a definite form to the wild imagination of
man. They have indeed revolutionized every sphere of life. But on the other hand
the excessive interest of child in this gadget s, has made parent concern and
worried. Children spend a great deal of time on these gadget like video games,
internet, cell phone etc the parent feel that excessive use of this gadget will
definitely be destructive for the children. This could also cramp their academic
and social development. If children are not checked, they would continue to
waste time on these gadgets.
They will recline into their own high-tech shell. Thereupon it will become very
difficult for parents to bring them out of this world. If these high-tech devices are
used in moderation they can fulfill the purpose for which they have been
invented.
Question for practice:
1-India is a country of temples, lakes and monuments which exhibits fine
architecture. India is regarded as favorite tourist attraction. But as a country, we
need to promote tourism, make people aware of its importance and make it a
safe destination for the tourists. By using the information and ideas from the unit
Travel and tourism together with your own ideas, write an article in about 120
words.
2- Write an article on the given topic using hints given below in not more than
120 words.
Mobile Phone: a modern utility or a health hazard
Hints:
A-Use of mobile phones
i-50% of India going to have mobile phone by 2012
ii-growing at a fast rate.
B- Utility of Mobile phones
i-Keeps well connected
ii-Inexpensive
iii-Handy
iv-Helps in personal and professional tasks
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C-Health Hazards posed by mobile phones

i-Electromagnetic radiation
ii-Distraction while driving
3. You are Ruchi. Once you got a chance to visit a remote village of Rajasthan. You
noticed the girl children did not go to school. Write an article on Need to educate
the girl child for the school magazine in 120 words.
4. What goes inside the mind of terrorists and why they commit such heinous
crimes which lead to the deaths of so many innocent, no one knows. The recent
bomb blasts at various metros of the country have left everyone shocked. You are
Sania/Sonik.
5. Write an article in about 120 words on terrorism-A threat to Humanity by taking
help from the points given below.

Terrorism has taken deep roots

Terrorists attack anywhere, any time
Have a vast network, Use latest technology
Security forces to upgrade technology.

Stories ( 150 to 200 words) 10 Marks

Story writing is an art that requires a lot of communication skills. First of it

requires the art of narrating things in an interesting way. You will be given either
the introductory lines or some hints given in the input or both. You have to
develop the story basing it on the information given in the input or the
introductory lines. You have to develop it on the same theme as intended by the
introductory lines or by the input. You cant go against the stated theme.
Salient features of a good story
1. Basically, developing and writing a good story needs the art of narration.
You have to narrate the incident in a sequential order leading to the final
conclusion.
2. Students should follow the basic theme as expounded by the input or by
the introductory lines. They are not supposed to invent new and diferent
themes.
3. Within the given limits, students are left with enough space where they can
give expressions to their creative talents.
4. The beginning and the concluding lines must support the main power or the
event described in the story.
5. You have to confined your narration to about 150-200 words as per the
guidelines laid down by the board.
Q. 1. You are Aradhna. You started writing a story of two boy in a jungle due to
the pressure of a heavy engagement, you gave up, after writing a line or so.
Taking help from the input given below and basing on the introduction Aradhna
had made develop the story in about 150-200 words. Veeru and Karim were
young keralites. Next week their school was going to organize a camp near a
forest in Ponmuddy..
Went out-to explore forest-lost the way-away from the camp-cries of animalsheard thump-thump sound-a large elephant-trumpeted angrily-came towards
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them-a balloon-started blowing-big balloon-hit hard with hand-bang-bang-loud

noise-elephant turned away-saved-

Silencing an Angry Elephant

Veeru and Karim were young keralites. Next week their school was going to
organize a camp near a forest in Ponmuddy. The following week they joined the
camp. One day they went out together. They thought of going inside the forests
to explore it. Soon they lost their way. The sun had set. They were walking along
the Periyar River. They heard a loud noise. They stood still and listened. They
heard the sound of an animal coming towards them. It was the sound of a big
elephant. He was just fifty meters away from them. The elephant smelled them
too. He saw them standing quietly behind an oak tree. He raised his long trunk up
in the air and trumpeted loudly. The boys didnt move. Veeru was a little
frightening, but Karim was not. Slowly the elephant started coming nearer and
nearer. Now he was only ten meters away. Lets do something, said Karim. Do
it, before he attacks us, said Veeru.
Karim pulled out a balloon from his pocket. He put it in his mouth and started
blowing into the balloon. At last, it was blown to the size of a small bag. Karim hit
the full blown balloon hard with his hand. Bang-Bang! The elephant stopped
and trumpeted angrily. He was confused. The elephant turned away and
disappeared into the forest. The boys ran and ran till they reached safe at the
camp.
VERB FORMS
The best way to know verb forms at a glance.

PRESENT SIMPLE
TENSE
PRESENT
I/you/they play,
He/she/It plays
PAST
TENSE

SIMPLE PAST
I/we/you/he/she/It
/they played

FUTURE
TENSE

SIMPLE
FUTURE
I/we/you/he/she/It
/they
will/shall
play.

PRESENT
CONTINUOUS

PRESENT
PERFECT

PRESENT
PERFECT
CONTINUOUS
I am playing, they I/we/you/they have I/we/you/they have
are playing.
played.
been playing.
He/she/It
is He/she/it
has He/she/It has been
playing.
played
playing.
PAST PERFECT PAST
PAST
PERFECT
CONTINUOUS
CONTINUOUS
I/he/she/It
was I/we/you/he/she/It/t I/we/you/he/she/It/the
playing.
hey had played.
y had been playing.
We/you/they
were playing.
FUTURE
PRESENT
PRESENT
CONTINUOUS
PERFECT
PERFECT
CONTINUOUS
I/we/you/he/she/It I/we/you/he/she/It/t I/we/you/he/she/It/the
/they will/shall be hey will/shall have y will/shall have been
playing.
played.
playing.

We use simple present

tense
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To talk about things in general,

not about something

happening now, but about something happening all the time:

I play the flute.
To express scientific facts or permanent
truths: Water boils at 100 degree
centigrade.
Sun rises in the East
We use present continuous tense
to express an action taking place at the time of
speaking: someone is knocking at the door.
We use present perfect tense
to express an action that has just been completed:
I have just got the letter from him.
to express an action completed sometime in the past but connected
with the present. The Police have closed the road today.
We use present perfect continuous tense
to express an action that began in the past and has been in the
progress till the time of speaking.
It has been raining for fifteen minutes.
We use simple past tense
to express actions finished before the time of
speaking: We saw a suspense movie last
night.
We use past continuous tense
to express an action in progress at some moment before the
time of speaking: It was raining hard at 5 oclock last night.
We use past perfect tense
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To express an action completed before a given

moment in the past: The message came after he had
left the office.
We use past perfect continuous tense
to express an action that began in the past and has been in the
progress till the time of speaking:
I have been waiting for the bus since 7 oclock.
We use simple future tense
to decide to do something at the time of
speaking: I will go and take a cup of
tea.
to express the
speakers view: I think I
will consult a doctor
We use future continuous tense
to express an action which will be in the progress at a given moment in
the future: tomorrow at 7 oclock he will be flying to New York.
We use future perfect tense
to express an action completed before a given moment in
the future: But tomorrow he will have changed his
profile.
We use future perfect continuous tense
to express an action which will begin before a definite moment in
the future, will continue up to that moment and will be in progress
even at that moment:
By 4 oclock, Baba Ramdev will have been sitting in meditation for two
hours.

DETERMINERS
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Are the words which identify or specify a noun in some way. They do not
describe a noun; they determine it; they point it out. eg-the best boy, that
tree and my brother etc.
KINDS OF DETERMINERS
We have the following kinds of determiners;
1. Articles (a, an, the )
2. Demonstratives (this, that, these, those)
3. Possessives (my, your, his, her, etc.)
4. Distributives (either, neither, each, every)
5. Quantifiers (some, any, much, several, etc.)
6. Interrogatives (what, which, whose, etc.)

Articles
We already know that there are three articles in English: a, an, and the. Of
these a and an are
indefinite articles while the is the definite article.
Uses of article A and An :
before countables in the singular number:
A train,

A question, An uncle,

An umbrella

A before a countable in the singular number beginning with a consonant

sound:
A lecture,

A one-eyed man (w sound)

An before a countable noun in the singular number beginning with vowel

sound:
An invention, An M.A. (here M is sounded as em; so it begins with vowel
sound)
Uses of article The
Before a noun whenever we want to make it particular:
the train by which I came, the books I usually read

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This article can be used with both countable (train, book) and
uncountable (mercy, information). And also can be used with the
countable both in the singular number (train) and the plural number
(books).
With a noun that has already been
mentioned: I got a watch as a gift.
The watch is beautiful.
When it is clear from the situation which people or things we mean:
The principal is taking round of the school.
With superlatives:
The brightest star

DEMONSTRATIVES
This and These refer to persons or objects close by. This is used
before singular nouns and These before plural nouns:
This book contains all information.
These flowers are for you.
That and Those refer to persons or objects at a distance. That is
used before singular nouns and Those before plural nouns:
That car belongs to my father.
Those cars are for sale.
This and
That can be used before the uncountable also:
This food is not good.
That rose is beautiful.

POSSESSIVES
Possessives can be used both before singular and
plural nouns: My book,
My books
Your purse, Your purses.

DISTRIBUTIVES
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Either
It has two meanings
any of the two different persons or
things: You can take either bus. (any
of the two buses)
the both
Restaurants have come up on either sides of the road.
(on both the sides)
Neither
It means opposite to either or it means not the one nor the other:
Neither candidate deserves our support.
Each, every
Each is used when we think of things separately,
one by one: Talk to each child.
Every is used when we think of things as a group. The meaning is
without exception:
Every child needs love and protection.

QUANTIFIERS
many and several suggest number, they are used with countable:
many pens, several trees
some and any can be used with both countable and uncountable:
some books,

some tea

any shirts, any bread

Much is generally used before the uncountable. It means: a large
quantity of.
Much labour, much loss
Many is used before the countable in the plural number. It means a large
number of:
Many students,

many artists

INTERROGATIVES
Determiners that help to ask questions may be described as
interrogatives like what, which, whose, etc.
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What train,which basket, whose bats

MODALS

Modals are verbs used to express the mood or attitude of the speaker.
They are used to give advice, seek or give permission, make suggestions,
make polite requests, give invitations, etc. The most commonly used modals
are:
-

can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must,

ought to, need, dare

Asking
for
and
permission:
May, can, and
could

giving

Preeti: Mummy, I am awfully hungry. Can I eat these butter

biscuits? Mother: Why not? You can eat all of them if you
like.
Vinay: Could I use your phone
please? Mr Bhushan: Yes of
course.
Ritu: May I go to the medical room madam? I am
feeling giddy.
Madam:
please do.

Yes

To
as k
or
give
permission we use
Can, could or may.
Can is informal; could is very polite; may is formal. All of them are correct.
The choice depends on the situation and the speakers relation to the listener.
-Asking for things:
Can, could, may, will
-

To ask for things we normally use can

or could Can I have those pillow
covers, please?
Could you pass on the salt, please?
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May is also possible, but being very formal is not preferred. However,
we can use will if we like:
Will you pass on the salt, please?
Possibility:
May, might
Both May and Might are used to suggest possibility. But might
suggests a lesser possibility than may.
In these sentences, could is also possible:
He could be in his office.
But could suggests still lesser possibility.
Must doesnt have a past tense form. So we can use must to talk
about the present or the future:
We must phone Sathish now {present}
We must phone Sathish tomorrow {future}
Should is not as strong as must or have to. Look
at this example: You should wear a helmet while
driving a motor bike.
Ought to conveys the same sense as should. But it carries with it a
sense of moral duty. You ought to take care of your old parents.

ACTIVE AND
PASSIVE VOICE
We can begin a sentence either with the subject or object. This fact
decides whether a sentence is active or passive.
In other words, it is possible for us to recognise the active and the
passive voice. For example, if a sentence has one of the helping verbs
such as am, is, are, was, were, been, being, be and past participles
of the verb like eaten, broken, spent, learnt, incented, discovered, it
is passive voice.
Voice: Voice is the form of the verb which indicates whether a

person or a thing does something or something has been done to a

person or a thing. Kinds of voice: there are two kinds of voice,
namely:
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 Active voice
Passive voice
Active Voice: When a verb form shows that the subject has done
something, it is known as active voice.
Ex: Madhavi wrote a letter.
-

Passive voice: when a verb form shows that something has been done
to the subject, it known as passive voice.
Ex: A letter was written by Madhavi.
NOTE: we can turn active voice into passive voice by using some guide
lines. It is not much difficult for us to change the voice of the verb.

BASIC RULES
-A sentence can be separated into subject(S), verb (V) and object(O).
eg: MADHAVI
WROTE
A LETTER
S
V
O
-The object of the sentence must be turned
into subject. eg: MADHAVI
WROTE
A LETTER
S
V
O
A LETTER WAS WRITTEN BY MADHAVI
TENSE
Present Simple

FORM
am/is/are + Past Participle

Continuous Tense (Present)

am/is/are + being + Past

Present Perfect Tense

Participle have/has + been

Simple Past Tense

Past Continuous Tense

Past Perfect Tense

Simple Future Tense

Future Perfect Tense

V

+ Past Participle was/were

+ Past Participle was/were
+ being + Past Participial
had + been + Past
Participle will/shall + be +
Past Participle
will/shall + have been + Past

-The be form must be used according to the tense

of the verb. eg: A letter was.
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-Past participle of the verb must

be used. eg: A letter was written.
-Preposition by must be
added. eg: A letter was
written by
-The subject must be made the
object. eg: A letter was written
by Madhavi.

ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE TABLE

-An easy way to find out to change the active voice to passive voice and vice
versa.
DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH
Akshay said, I am really sorry for the mistake.
.. (1) Akshay said that he was really sorry for
the mistake. . (2)
-There are two ways of reporting, what some
body said.
We produce the exact words of the speaker, as in above. This is
called direct speech.
Or, we can express the speech in our own words, as in (2) above. This is
called indirect or
reported
speech.
Direct speech is set of by inverted commas (.) indirect
speech usually begins as: Miru said that
Shashank asked Dhanshree if
Kiran told Puneet
to.
We do not normally report someones words as soon as they are spoken, or
at the place where they are spoken. Besides, the reporter is usually
different from the actual speaker. So the reported speech differs from the
direct speech in certain respects:
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Sushmita said, I am not free today, for somebody is coming to

interview me.
Sushmita said that she was not free that day, for somebody was
coming to interview
her.
Besides dropping inverted commas and using some conjunctions(that,
if, etc.), we have to take care of three things while reporting
speeches:
Tenses. Most of the times, the reported speech is in the past tense. (she
was not free.
Somebody was coming.)
Personal pronouns like I, we, you, etc. And possessives like my, our, your,
etc. , which change according to the situation. (she was , coming to
interview her)
Words detonating nearness of time and place are changed. (not free
today- not free that day)
DIRECT SPEECH

INDIRECT SPEECH

this/that

these/those

Here

there

Now

then*

Ago

Before

Today/tonight

That day/that night

Yesterday

The day before/the previous day

Tomorrow

The next day/the following day

The day before yesterday

The day before the previous day

The day after tomorrow

The day after the next day

Last week/year, etc.

The previous week /year, etc.

Next week/year, etc.

The following week/year, etc.

(*But then is very often omitted from the indirect speech)

CHANGING TENSES

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REPORTING VERB IN THE PRESENT OR FUTURE TENSE THE TENSES

IN THE REPORTED SPEECH UNCHANGED
Prakhar says, Arunima is not
keeping well. Prakhar says that
Arunima is not keeping well. He will
say, Good music makes a good
film. He will say that good music
makes a good film.
REPORTING VERB IN
A PAST
IS/ARE/AM TENSE

THE TENSES IN THE REPORTED

SPEECH CHANGE INTO A
CORRESPONDING PAST TENSE
WAS/WERE

WAS/WERE

HAD BEEN

HAD BEEN

NO CHANGE

HAS/HAVE

HAD

HAD

NO CHANGE

DO

DID

DID

HAD DONE

HAD DONE

NO CHANGE

WILL/SHALL
(IN CERTAIN CASES, SHALL
MIGHT BE CHANGED INTO
SHOULD)
MAY/CAN

WOULD

MIGHT/COULD

WOULD/SHOULD/MIGHT/CO NO CHANGE
ULD
/OUGHT
MUST TO/USED TO
HAD TO

There are situations in which even if the reporting verb is in the past tense,
we leave the tenses in the reported speech unchanged:

The reported speech expresses a universal truth or a habitual fact:

Our science teacher said, The pole star does not change its
position in the sky. (The reported speech is a universal truth.)

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Our science teacher told us that the pole star does not change its
position in the sky.
I said to the tourist, the Indian summer is usually
very hot. (This reported speech is habitual fact)
I told the tourist that the Indian summer is usually very hot.

The reported speech describes a situation which still exists when the
speech is reported : The station master said, All the trains are
running late because heavy rains have
damaged some parts of the track. (The situation continues to be
unchanged at the time of reporting.)
The station master said that all the trains are running late because
heavy rains have damaged some parts of the track.

The reported speech contains two clauses, both in the past:

Neeraj said to me, Abhilash was unwell so she didnt go to
the school. Neeraj told me that Abhilash was unwell so she
didnt go to the school.

However, in this case it would also be correct to say:

Neeraj told me that Abhilash had been unwell, so she hadnt gone to
the school.

PREPOSITION
A preposition is used to show the relationship of a noun or pronoun to
another word in the sentence. Here are some common prepositions :
About, above, after, at, behind, below, between, down, during,
for, from, in, inside, of, off, on, through, to, under, with.
A prepositional phrase is made up of a preposition, its object, and
all the words in between. The object of the preposition is the noun or
pronoun that follows the preposition.

The pirates buried their treasure under (preposition) a

tree (object). I kicked the ball between (preposition)
the goalposts (object).
Examples of prepositional phrases
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In the front, of cake, at the park, down the hill, across the
street, under the bridge, from my big brother, behind the
counter, after school, for breakfast, of the tree, during
summer vacation.

Adjective phrases tell what kind or which one.

She lives in a house with a red door. (What kind)
The boy in the backseat was yelling loudly. (Which one)

Adverbial phrases tell how, when, or where.

Tell the story in your own
words. (How) Mr Raj jogs in
the afternoon. (When) She ran
behind the house. (Where)

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GAP FILLING
I Study the given notes and complete the paragraph that follows by filling up the gaps
Notes:
Annual Function of the school
The Mayor as the Chief Guest
Inauguration by the Principal
Prize Distribution by the Chief Guest
Last week the Annual Function of our school (a).. . The Mayor of
the town (b).. to grace the occasion as the chief guest. The
function (c) . by the Principal while the Mayor, the Chief Guest
distributed the prize to the winners.
1. Process of Operating an ATM
Find an ATM of any bank
Take your ATM card and put it in the slot
Enter your secret PIN
Select your option
Wait a little till your transaction is complete
Get the currency
Collect your Card and Transaction Slip
Leave the ATM cabin
For doing transaction through ATM you (a).. to find an ATM of any
bank. First you (b)to put your card in the card slot followed by (c)
..the secret PIN. You are to wait till your transaction is complete.
Then take the currency, collect your card and leave the ATM cabin.
3

Choose or fill up the best word from the options given in bracket to complete
the following passage: (solved)
1. Human civilisations have been around (a).. (at, on, for, in) a paltry 12000
years, barely a (b) .. (many, few, some, each) second (c) (at,
in, on, of) the geological clock. In that short amount (d) ..(of, on,
with, at) time, weve managed (e) .. (at, to, of, for) create quite a
ruckus, etching our dominance (f) (at, in, of, over) nature with our
villages, towns, cities and megacities. The rapid increase of human population
has left us battling with other species for limited resources.
(for, few, on, of, to, over)
2. Dr. Sadao Hokis house (a) . built on a spot of the Japanese coast (b)
.. (c) a little boy he had (d) played. The low,
square stone house was set (e) rocks well (f) a narrow
beach that was outlined with bent pines. His father had taken him often to the
islands of those seas.

TEST YOUR SKILLS

4.Choose the best word from the options given below to complete the following
passages:
1. I started (a) .. (at, for, on, in)school very late that morning. (b)
(Often, never, ever, rare) I am late for school (c) (as, because, since,
for) I have to cover a long distance on foot. I had not done my home task. For a
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moment I thought of (d)(run, running, ran, runs) away and spending the
day out of door. It was (e) .(so, very, too, little) warm, so bright ! The
birds (f) (are, were, is, will) chirping at the edge of woods.
2. Iona moves (a) ( in, at, of, on ) (b) .(a few, few, little, many)
steps, doubles himself (c),( up, down, on, about) and abandons himself
to his grief. In less than five minutes he (d)( straightens, straightened,
straightening, will straighten) himself. He can bear it (e) (no longer, any
longer, much longer, less longer) About (f)(an, a, the, one) hour and
a half Iona is seated by a large stove.

EDITING TASK
ERROR CORRECTION
5. The following passages have not been edited. There is one error in each line. Write the
incorrect word and the correction against the correct question number. Remember to
underline the word you have supplied.

1.

Maricha changed him into a charming golden

(a)

_________

__________
deer on surpassing beauty and wandered
(b)__________ ___________
around an ashrama playfully in order to
(c) __________
___________
Draw Sitas attention. She is gathering
(d)__________
____________
flowers near the ashrama, while she suddenly
(e) _________
____________
saw the golden deer. Enchanted with the charming (f) __________
_____________
beauty of the animal, she asked Rama and Lakshmana
to look at the exquisite animal.

TEST YOUR SKILLS

6. The following passages have not been edited. There is one error in each line. Write
the incorrect word and the correction against the correct question number. Remember to
underline the word you have supplied.
1. The Taj Mahal, situated in the
(a)
____________ __________
banks of river Yamuna us the most
beautiful mausoleum in a world.
its minarates and domes stands
__________
testimony for the greatness of
Mughal architecture. Although it have lost
its pure white colour which attracted a lot of
tourists.
2. Amnesty International, a worldwide
Organisation for the defence to human
Rights, is one of the few institution
To have win the Nobal Peace Prize.
Most winners had been individuals.

(c)

(b)
____________ __________
____________ __________
(d)
____________
(e)
(f)

____________
____________

__________
__________

(a)

__________

__________

(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

__________
__________
__________
__________

__________
__________
__________
__________
42 | P a
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Amnesty was award the Peace Prize

In 1977 for paving a way to freedom for justice.

(f)

__________

__________

TEST YOUR SKILLS

7. Edit the letter given below by choosing from the appropriate options :

To
The Editor
The Times of India
New Delhi
Sir
I want to bring (a) for your notice the frequent breakdown of (b) electrical in Patparganj.
Inspite (c) to many reminders the Electricity Board has done (d) something except (e)
gave false promise. The students and old people (f) will the worst suferers. Even the
voltage is very low. The supply is very erratic. I hope the Board will take immediate steps
to ease the situation.
Yours faithfully
Ram Lal

8. There is one error in each line of the following passage. Write the
correct answer in your answer sheet
Solved
INCORRECT

CORRECT

A policeman responded for a burglary report at a house.

for

to

Sagarnil sat down at the couch to take a statement,

at

on

Not realising a burglar is hiding under it. The homeowner looked

is

was

down and saw the burglar lying flat in his stomach half under
in

on

and behind the couch. His head was right near the policeman
policeman
legs. The policeman jump of the couch and the man was
jump

policemans
jumped

arrested, when handing back stolen jewellery and a camera.

when

after

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9.There is one error in each line of the following passage. Write the correct
answer in your answer sheet.
INCORRECT

CORRECT

It was not the body part you are likely to think much about.
was

is

But with just a little effort, you could prolong the life of your brain
could

can

cells. According for Alzheimers disease international, at least

for

to

36 million people has dementia worldwide, a figure that is projected

has

have

to increase of over 115 million by 2050. The fastest growth of

of

to

the disease among the elderly is taking place at India, China and
at

in

other developing countries. So its pays to do what you can now to

its

it

decrease your chances be part of those worrying statistics.

be

being

OMISSION OF WORDS
10.In the following passages one word has been omitted in each line. Write the
missing word along with the word that comes before and the word that comes
after it. Ensure that the word that forms your answer is underlined:
1. In the bejewelled beauty Lakshadweep. the most(a) ____________

__________

glittering is Minicoy, southernmost island of the

(b)____________
__________
arechipelago. You can tell the diiference even you (c) ____________
__________
land at the jetty. Dressed jeans and T-Shirts, the wiry,
(d) ___________
__________
muscular young man truly children of the sea.
(e) ____________
___________
Pulling the ropes. Steering of piloting, there no
(f)______________ __________
doubt they were born on the sea and are meant for
the sea. Half of the male population are sailors.
2. In the process pasteurization, milk, wine,
(a) ____________ __________
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butter. etc. are heated up a certain

temperature then quickly chilled. This
kills the bacteria them. If milk is
heated upto 63 30 minutes in between
___________
72-85 for 16 seconds then chilled to 10 less.
Bacteria present in it are destroyed.
Pasteurization protects the milk from being spoiled.

(b)____________
__________
(c) ____________
__________
(d) ___________
__________
(e) ____________
(f)______________

_________

11. In the following paragraph one word has been omitted in

each line. Find the place where you think the word is missing
and write the same in your answer sheet.
The Ganesh festival comes to / end after
innumerable giant, an
Ornate idols of the wish-fulfilling god of wisdom /
prosperity and
/ immersed in the sea. Before immersion in
September, the idols are
are worshipped by local communities / 10 days.
Here, devotees for
Throng Mumbais downtown Chowpatty Beach / last
years during
immersion to bid farewell / their most
beloved deity. to
12.In the following paragraph one word has been omitted in each
line. Find the place where you think the word is missing and write
the same in your answer sheet.
In Chinese mythology, tigers / highly
revered. are
And the great cats / historically inspired
everyone have
/ poets to warriors. They now also
symbolise from
vanishing environments / support both
animals that
and humans. Theres / saying that when
the tiger a
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disappears, / forests will fall.

The

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13.In the following paragraph one word has been omitted in each
line. Find the place where you think the word is missing and write
the same in your answer sheet.
On a grey and chilly morning / September last year,
72 passengers in
boarded a Tupolev Tu-154 airliner / the five-hour trip
from Polyarny, for
in northwest Russia, to Moscow. Like many / their
fellow travelers, of
Stanislav and Ekaterina Shestakov / flown the route
often enough had
to know the cabin / crew name. But that didnt
make Stanislav by
any calmer. As always, he felt certain / the flight would end badly.
That

TEST YOUR SKILLS

14. In the following passages one word has been omitted in each line. Write the
missing word along with the word that comes before and the word that comes
after it. Ensure that the word that forms your answer is underlined:
1. Former military officers are welcomed anti-Gaddafi (a) ____________
protestors in Benghazi Friday. Muammar Gadddafis
forces opened fire on protestors surged on
to streets of Tripoli for the first time
killing four. The second- largest city Benghazi
was said be in control of the protestors while
thousands held rallies in cities encircling Tripoli.

(b)____________
__________
(c) ____________
__________
(d) ___________
__________
(e) ____________
___________
(f)______________ __________

2. Mass media is best means for communication

__________
In general, media means for communication.
Literary media is a to hear and visualise
__________
the diferent realities life.
In the olden times media not as important as
it is today. This is due the various
advancements and achievements in the field
of communication.

__________

(a) ____________
(b)____________
__________
(c) ____________

(d) ___________
__________
(e) ____________
___________
(f)______________ __________

SENTENCE REORDERING
15. Look at the words and phrases given below. Rearrange them to form
meaningful sentences.
47 | P a
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1. (a)

respect/said that/demanded/it/but/is/given/that/is not

(b) if/something/then/in return for/should be/it is so/it
(c) self-respect/come out of/something/has/our/self/that/and/is/that

(Solved)
Answers
(a)
(b)
(c)
2. (a)

3.

4.

(b)
(c)

Knew/father/nobody/who/was/his
died/mother/his birth/his/soon/after

(a)
(b)
(c)

pillars/there/human life/man/of/woman/and/are/two
both/ in the making of/share/responsibility/equal/the/society
both/each other/hence/are/supplement/to

(a)
(b)

one of the/Saudi Arabia/largest/petroleum/producers/is/world/in/the/of

Saudi Arabia/life style/discovery/has changed/of/of the people/the/
petroleum/in/the
petroleum/world/all over/in great/is/demand/the

(c)
5.
6.

It is said that respect is not demanded but given.

If it is so, then it should be in return for something.
Something that has come out of our self and that is self-respect.
Oliver Twist/workhouse/in/was/born/a

(a)
(b)
(c)
(a)
(b)
(c)

upper most/soil/layer/is/earth/the/of/the
it/plants/which/supports/food/provide/all living things/to/planet/on/this
soil/thus/foundation/earth/life/on/of/is/the/all
people/look at/tend to/you look/the way/yourself/at/you
brought up/Oliver/was/workhouse/orphanage/run by/the/an/in
from the very beginning/status of women/there/but/question mark/has
been/a/big/the/an/in our society.

More Questions
a) Rearrange the following words and phrases to form meaningful sentences.
i)bike/
blue/./Nitish/rode/his/ne
w/ Ans. Nitish rode his
new blue bike.
ii) Grandmother/
in/the/played/./and/her/park/Sunita/ Ans.
Sunita and her Grandmother played in
the park.
iii) / ./ and/ Father/ to/ store/ Mother/
the/ went/ Ans. Mother and Father
went to the store.
b) Rearrange the following words and phrases to form meaningful sentences.
i)hall/the/down/the/all/walked/ch
ildren/./ Ans. all the children
walked down the hall.

48 | P a
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ii) a/ hid/ in/ garden/

Spot/./the/bone/ Ans. Spot
hid a bone in the garden.
iii) There/./two/in/the/are/bi
rds/nest/ Ans. There are
two birds in the nest.
c) Rearrange the following words and phrases to form meaningful sentences.
i)Mr.Shyam/ our/ has/teacher/ a/ named/
Timmy/./cat/ Ans. Our teacher Mr. Shyam
has a cat named Timmy.
ii)
Sandy/,/,/ likes/./to/ the/ run/sprinkler
Ans. My dog, Sandy, likes to run through the sprinkler.
iii) Ravan/ like/Ram/
to/./cricket/and/play/ Ans. Ram
and Ravan like to play cricket.
d) Rearrange the following words and phrases to form meaningful sentences.
i)park/./is/a/place/walk/for/gree
n/good/ Ans. Green park is a
good place for walk.
ii) high/hill/on/./the/standard/
school/sits/ Ans. Standard
School sits high on the hill.
iii) is/my/Disneyland/favourite/park/./
amusement/ Ans. Disneyland is my
favourite amusement park.
e) Rearrange the following words and phrases to form meaningful sentences.
i) snow/stays/mountains/the/(Arunachal
Pradesh)/Tawang/in/./,/on/the/winters/ Ans. In Tawang
(Arunachal Pradesh), snow stays on the mountains in the
winters.
ii) friend/,/,/./my/rose/a/beautiful/bird/when/at/was/pa
rk/found/she/ Ans. My friend, Rose, found a beautiful
bird when she was at park.

iii)

Jigyasa/,/ I /walked/around/

daughter/my/a/lake/with. Ans. I walked

around a lake with my daughter, Jigyasa.

SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION
TYPE-I
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Read the following conversations and complete the passage given

below:
1. Patient
evening?

Can I have an appointment with the doctor this

I am very sick.

Receptionist

:
Im sorry. Theres a long waiting list. You will have to wait
for at least two weeks.
Patient
:
But by then I can die.
Receptionist
:
No problem. If your wife informs me, I can cancel the
appointment.
A patient went to his doctors clinic and asked the receptionist (a)
..
......... with the doctor that
evening. He said to the receptionist that he was very sick. The receptionist apologized
saying that there (b) ..
.. . She further added that (c)

. for at least two weeks. When

the patient said that he could be dead by then, the receptionist calmly replied that
there was no problem.
2. Iris
:
Hi, Tom, How are you?
Tom
:
Lifes rather tough. I desperately need a job.
Iris
:
We have a vacancy in our office for the post of an
Accounts
Officer.
Tom
:
I have five years experience in a reputed firm as an
Accounts
Officer.
Iris
:
Will you like to go abroad?
Tom
:
I have on problem.
Iris on meeting Tom asked him how he was. Tom replied that (a)

. Iris told him (b)

. . On that Tom (c)
.. Iris enquired if he
would like to go abroad and Tom replied that he had no problem.

TEST YOUR SKILLS

Read the following conversations and complete the passage given
below:

1. Principal
:
Why are you seeking admission to the school?
Arpita
:
Your school has talented teachers.
Principal
:
To which stream do you wish to take admission?
Arpita
:
I wish to take admission in the Science stream.
The
principal
asked
Arpita
(a)
..
.
Arpita
replied
that
(b)
. The principal
then
wanted
know
(c)
. Arpita told him
that she wished to take admission in the science stream.
2. Teacher
:
Amit, where did you buy this practical file from? Can you
buy one for me?
Amit
:
Sir, do you want exactly the same?
Teacher
:
Yes.
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Amit
:
O.K. Sir. Ill buy one for you today.
The
teacher
asked
Amit
(a)
He further
asked
him
(b)

Amit
respectfully
enquired
(c
)
His teacher
replied in affirmative. Then Amit assured him that he would buy one for him
that day.
TYPE II
I.

II.

III.

IV.

V.

VI.

Transform the following sentences as directed:

1. They are counting the votes.
(Change the voice)
2. I will not help you in future.
(Use going to
construction)
3. Yes, the news are true.
(Correct it)
Transform the following sentences as directed:
1. You always travel by bus.
(Make a
Wh question)
2. Go to the barber and get .
(Complete
the sentence)
3. I must remember take my science book tomorrow.
(Correct it)
Do as directed :
1. The mother asked the daughter to tidy her room and she tidied her room.
(Rewrite the sentence avoiding the repetition of the underlined clause)
2. Trees were planted along road sides. This made the surroundings look
greener.
(Combine the sentences by nominalising the first verb)
3. .. prohibited.
(Complete the sentence using gerund as
the subject)
Do as directed :
1. The Principal is not in her office. Surely she home.
(Complete using the right modal)
2. Economics are really a very tough subject.
(Correct it)
3. He said, Welcome to our college.
(Change
the narration)
Do as directed:
1. I generally dont like ice cream, but ? (Complete using would like
construction)
2. He said, Will you help me? and I said, yes.
(Change
the narration)
3. A mystery is something that .
(Complete using the passive form of cannot explain)
Transform the following sentences as directed:
1. She said, I decided to work hard because hard work is the key to success.
(Change the narration)
2. Left me/my parents/with her/they/in the city/when/went to live.
(Rearrange to form a meaningful sentence)
3. This is among two friends and will be solved on mutual understanding.
51 | P a
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VII.

VIII.

IX.

X.

(Use the correct prepositions)

Transforms the following sentences as directed:
1. Your house may be (big) but mine is, (good) than you.
(Use the comparative degree)
2. The bomb exploded. This shattered the window panes.
The window panes were shattered due to ..
(Complete the sentence nominalising the verb exploded)
3. If we (play) well. We (win) the match.
(Use If + past perfect + would have + past participle construction)
Do as directed :
1. The well built boy which I met at the airport is a famous football player.
(Correct the sentence using the correct relative pronoun)
2. Mohan was irritated by the noise. Mohan left the place.
(Combine using the correct past participle form of the verb).
3. We all make mistakes.
It is human.
(Combine the pair using gerund as
the subject)
Do as directed :
1. If I were you, ..
(Complete
the sentence)
2. Meena and Neena went to the garden with (a) .. aunt and found (b)
.. full of mangoes.
(Use the correct
pronouns in the blanks)
3. They have enough money. They .. from the bank.
(Use the correct form of the modal need)
Do as directed:
1. You were absent (a) .. the class . Monday.
(Use the right prepositions)
2. There are clouds in the sky. It . .
(Complete the sentence using the modal showing possibility)
3. They not challenge the authority of their boss.
(Fill the proper modal in the blank)

QUESTIONS FOR PRACTICE

Q. 1. There was a storm brewing outside and you were all alone. Suddenly the
lights went out. --------In about 200 words write a story using ideas from the unit Mystery
together with your own ideas. You could use some of the phrases given
below:Jumped in fright

disappeared in a flash

Screamed in terror

scared the daylight out of me

To my relief

touched something eerie

Q.2 One of your family members fell sick and is admitted in a hospital for
treatment. You made up your mind to know the state of the patient
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and visit the hospital. Your experience there was very shocking when
you saw the poor plight of the patients and infrastructure. Describe
your visit to the hospital in about 120 words.
HINTS
1. Use past Tense
2. Include all the facts like unhygienic surroundings, stinking toilets, over
crowded rooms, stray dogs and cats inside, no security and low quality
of diet etc. within the word limit.

3. No personal opinion while describing an

Ans. Last week, I visited Life Line hospital in Mirzapur. My first experience there was very shocking. The
hospital surroundings were unhygienic with over flowing garbage bins and choked sewage.
The toilets were not cleaned regularly and were stinking awfully. The rooms were over crowded
with patients and some of them were lying on the floor. The patients were served with very low
quality diet and unpurified water. Doctors were not regular in their visits. The stray dogs and cats
were also sharing some of the beds with the patients increasing the risk of infection to the
patients. As a whole the plight of the hospital beggared description.
Q.
3 Your teacher has assigned you a project on Child Labour in FA-2.
You interviewed a child of a slum near your locality and was greatly
moved to see her/ his interest to study in spite of his / her poor plight.
Write a diary entry sharing your thoughts, emotions about the child.
Solve: - place/Date
Content including People, event, and emotions & feeling about the incident
Ans : Place : Kharagpur
th
17 September 2012
Last Sunday, I visited a slum near my locality. There I met a boy of 12
years who was working in a dhaba. On enquiry I came to know that he
had to raise his family of five members as he had lost his father in
childhood. He was ill clad and very sickly as he was poorly paid and
malnourished. But he had a strong interest to study and to go to school
if there was any chance. I came back with a heavy heart to see his
exploitation and promised to give him my clothes and books and to
help him to study in my free time.
Q. 4.
Physical fitness is extremely important for the development of an
intellectual mind.
However in todays fast-paced existence, physical well being is not
given much importance. Using your own ideas as well as those given
on the unit Sports and Games write an article in about 100 -120
words for your school magazine emphasizing the need of physical
fitness and the ways of acquiring it
53 | P a
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Suggested points:

Reference to adventure camp-when/where etc.

Activities and what you learnt/ gained

How you enjoyed them suggestion to join this year.
Any other relevant point can be accepted.
Q.5 You have recently enjoyed a Delhi Metro Ride with a close associate. The
traffic Discipline and modern technology forced you to pen down your
experience. Express the joyful experience through a diary entry.
Tips. 1. Day, Date, Time
2. Event in past tense with correct experience & expressions.
Ans.
th
12 Sept.
A joyful ride in a Metro
Sunday: - 6.00 pm
Recently I had an opportunity to enjoy a joyful ride in Delhi Metro with a
close Friend. The discipline in the ticket Counter, the spick and span
surroundings and the systematic commuters were praiseworthy. The
use of technology in announcement system, controlling the opening
and closing of the doors and the speed maintenance was stunning.
My maiden experience of the ride was full of joy and excitement and I
want to experience this joy ride once again.

Q. 6 Complete the newspaper headlines by choosing the correct

answer from the options given below- 3 MARKS
1. ANIMALS FLEE FLOODED KAZIRANGA
Flood waters of the Brahamputra entered Kaziranga National Park (a)
.scores of endangered animals to escape to safer areas.
2. FOOTBALL CRYING FOR CHANGE; FEDERER
Wimbledon Champion Roger Federer insists it is time football followed
tennis (b). to avoid a repeat of the disallowed goal scandal
raised in the World Cup.
3. 16 HELD WITH FAKE TIGER AND LION SKIN
As many as 16 persons including women from Karnataka (c)
for selling fake tusks of elephants lion and tiger skin and nails of wild
animals in the city outskirts.
Q.7 Given below are some tips on how to make Mexican Hot
Salsa. Read the given hints complete the passage by filling in
the gaps.
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Mexican Hot Salsa

Ingredients-3tomatoes, boiled 1capcicum
an onion
a pinch of chilli
powder, 1tsp. vinegar, 1/2tsp. sugar Salt pepper to taste and tsp. thymol
seeds (ajwain)
Metho
d:
There are some simple steps that can help you to make Mexican Hot Salsa.
First (a)----------------------. Next, take a little hot oil -------------- and cook the onions with ajwain,
chilies and vinegar. Add the blanched and chopped tomatoes to this and (b)
------------------ and red chili powder to it. Add the capsicum and (c)
----------------.Serve as a dip with wafers, tortilla chips or vegetables.
Q8.The following passage has not been edited. Edit the following
passage.
The medicines prescribed by the Doctor will relieve you of pain. But you
(a)may always read the instructions before consuming the medicines. You
(b) will stick on to the dose prescribed; otherwise you (c) should develop
counter symptoms. This (d) will be dangerous. So one (e) might be careful
in matter of medicines. It is better to be sure than repenting later. Some
medicines can be poisonous and (f)must have disastrous consequences.
Q9 Complete the following dialogue
1x4=4
Patrick : Good morning Mr. Smith. It is long since I saw you in town. Are you
staying long? Smith : Good morning. No Mr. Patrick (a) . and hope to
get home again this evening. Patrick : Running away so soon? (b)
.and enjoy yourself?
Smith : Not I (c) in the smoky air and noise of your town. I
want the clean air, the sunshine and the quiet of the
country.

55 | P a
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Q10. Read the following conversation and complete the paragraph below 3 MARKS

Mother : Rahul, where did you go

around noon? Rahul

: Mom, I was

with Sanjay at his house.

Mother : You should have told of it. I was greatly worried.
Rahul

: I am sorry, mom, I shall do so in future.

Mother asked her son Rahul (i)

. Rahul replied that (ii)

Mother instructed him that (iii)

as she was greatly worried.
Rahul regretted it and said that he would do so in future.
Q 11. Complete the following passage

[4 marks]

George did not mind Roger (i)

in the room, for he behaved himself well
and did
not distract my attention. Usually, if he was sleeping very heavily and (ii)
a
peasant dog barking, Roger would wake up with a start and utter a couscous
roar of rage before realizing where he was. Then he would give an
embarrassed look at our (iii)
faces,
his tail would twitch, and he would glance round the room sheepishly.
Q.12 Read the following conversation carefully and complete the
passage. 3 MARKS
Amita: What do you want to do this
morning? Prakash: I feel like taking a walk.
Its so nice outside. Amita: Great, lets walk
around the lake in the park. Prakash: Its
really rocky here.
Amita; Yes, watch your steps so you dont trip.
Amita asked Prakash(a) . Prakash answered that he (b) . It was so
nice outside. Amita agreed to this and suggested (c)
.
Then
Prakash observed that it was really rocky there. Amita cautioned him to
watch his steps.
Q.13 Below is a letter from Pawan to his mother. Complete this
letter.
3 MARKS
Dear Mom

I hope alls well (a)

you. Everything is fine here. I am sorry I (b)

write earlier as I was busy with the
examinations. They are now almost over. I am sure you will be glad to
(c)
that I have filled up the NDA form. The entrance test is scheduled (d)
th
the 14
Center which is
Yours
close to my
affectionately
hostel . Looking
Pawan
of June, and that very day I am going
to(e)
forward to a
reply (f)
you soon.

Questions for Practice with Answer

Q.1 Read the following conversations then complete the blanks
given in the reported speech.
(6x 1/2=3 Marks)
i)My father said, Honesty is the
best policy. My father said
.
ii) The Earth moves round the Sun, the teacher said.
The teacher

iii)

love watching films, Sneha said

to me Sneha

Q.2 Read the following conversations then complete the blanks

given in the reported speech through the

i) I said to Amrit, where have you been living all these days?
I asked Amrit where

ii)Yagvinder said, my friends are very helpful to me.

Yagvinder said that
.

iii)

Mini said

to you, Your teachers have praised

you. Mini told you

Q.3 Read the following conversations then complete the blanks

given in the reported speech through the

i)The teacher said, I will be explaining all these

problems next week. The Teacher said

.
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59 | P a
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ii)

Monika said to

me, you can stay with us whenever you are in

Delhi. Monika told me

iii)

Sarika said, I

want to buy a computer but I cant afford it.

Sarika said

Q.4 Read the following conversations then complete the blanks

given in the reported speech through the
i) Abhilash said to Pooja,where have you been all
these days. Abhilash asked Pooja_ .

ii) Udita said to her uncle,let me go home now as it is

getting dark. Udita requested her uncle .
iii) Sarah said to Angela, Lets go to some hill station
for a change. Sarah proposed to Angela_.

SECTION-C LITERATURE TEXTBOOK & LONG READING

TEXT

How I Taught
My Grandmother to Read

25 Marks

Lesson at a Glance

The narrator was a girl of twelve and lived in a village of north Karnataka with her
grandparents.
At that time, Triveni was very popular among people for her style and subjects of
her stories.
In her novel Kashi Yatre, the heroine is an old lady who desires to go to Kashi to
worship Lord Vishweshwara.
The old lady gives away all her savings to an orphan girl because she has no
money for her wedding.
The Old lady, the heroine of Kashi yatre considers the happiness of this orphan girl
more important than worshipping, Lord Vishweshwara at Kashi.
The narrators 62-year old grandmother, Krishtakka could not read and so she
would ask her granddaughter to ready every episode of Kashi Yatre with her
friends at the temple.
Once the narrator went to a neighbouring village for a wedding and came back
only after a week.
When the narrator came back to her village, she was surprised to see her
grandmother in tears.
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The grandmother narrated her story. She lost her mother at a very young age and
her father got married again.
The grandmother never went to school and at times used to regret not going to
school.
She made sure that her children and grandchildren studied well.
In the narrators absence, the grandmother opened the magazine Karmaveera but
couldnt understand anything written there.
She surprised her granddaughter by declaring that she had decided to learn the
Kannada alphabet from the next day.
She kept Saraswati Pooja day during Dassara as the deadline. That day she should
be able to read a novel on her town.
Childishly, the narrator made fun of the old lady but the grandmother just smiled.
The next day onwards, the narrator started her tuition.
The grandmother proved to be a wonderful student and did amazing amount of
homework.
On the Dassara festival day the grandmother called her granddaughter to the
pooja place and made her sit down on a stool.
Then she did something quite unusual. She touched the feet of her granddaughter.
The grandmother explained that she was touching the feet of a teacher not of her
granddaughter.
The narrator gave her gift to her first student. It was a copy of Kashi Yatre.
The grandmother opened the novel and read immediately the title Kashi Yatre by
Triveni. She had passed with flying colours.
SUMMARY OF THE LESSON

In How I Taught My Grandmother to Read, Sudha Murty describe the determined efforts
of an illiterate old lady Krishakka to make herself literate. She decided to read a novel on
her own. The grandmother set the deadline and achieved the impossible within the time
set for the target. She was able to read the novel Kashi Yatre in the Kannada language
on her own at sixty-two. She was helped by her young granddaughter who acted as her
only teacher. The grandmother proved that there is no age bar for learning.
REFERENCE TO CONTEXT
Read the given extracts and answer the question that follows:
1. One of her novels, called Kashi Yatre, was appearing as a serial in the Kannada
weekly Karamveera then. It is the story of an old lady and her ardent desire to go
to Kashi or Varansi.
Questions
1. Who is the author of Kashi Yatre?
2. Like the old lady in Kashi Yatre, who was the other character who had ardent
desire to go to Kashi?
3. What do you know about Karamveera on the basis of the above passage?

TEST YOUR SKILLS

I.

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. Why was Triveni so popular among the people? Give two reasons.
2. Describe Trivenis Kashi yatre. Why did the grandmother like it so much?
3. How did the grandmother know the text of every new episode of Kashi Yatre
by heart inspite of not able to ready anything?
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4. Why did the narrator go to an neighbouring village? What change did she
notice when she came back to her village?
5. The Describe the grandmothers childhood.
6. Why coulnt the grandmother learn anything even after her marriage?
7. What made the grandmother take the most momentous decision of her life?
8. What was the most unusual decision of the grandmother and why did she
do so?
9. Why did the narrator laugh at her grandmother? Was she proved right in
this regard?
10.What eforts did the grandmother make to learn the Kannada alphabet and
language?
11.What was the deadline? Did the grandmother achieve her target in the
stipulated time?
12.Why did the grandmother touch the feet of the narrator? What does it show
about her character?
13.Highlight the message given by the lesson How I Taught My Grandmother
to Read.
II.

VALUE BASED LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. Give a character sketch of the grandmother highlighting her dedication and
determination to achieve her target.
2. Describe the role of the granddaughter in educating the grandmother.
3. Why did the grandmother take most unusual decision of her life and how did
she succeed?
4. For learning age is no bar. Doesnt this message highlight the importance
of Adult Education in India? Write your opinion.

A Dog Name Duke

William D. Ellis
Lesson at a Glance

In 1953, Chuck Charle Hooper was a favoured young man. Everything was going
well for him.
He was already a zone sales manager for a chemical company.
One day while driving home he met with a horrible car accident.
He was taken to a hospital with a subdural haemorrhage and a completely
paralysed left side of the body.
Hooper remained on the critical list for a month.
His company asked him to take a year of and promised to create a desk job for
him at headquarters.
Chuck Hoopers paralysed arm and leg were given a special treatment in the
hospital. Every day there was someone working his paralysed arm and leg by
baths, exercises, a wheeled walker.
But Chuck didnt make much improvement.
In March, they let him out of the hospital. Here, his condition became worse
because there was no one beside him.
Finally, Chuck Hoopers beloved dog Duke was called home from the kennel.
When Duke saw Hooper, He jumped on him causing him to fight to keep his
balance.
The intelligent dog realised his mistake. He never jumped on Chuck Hoop0er
again.
The two, Hooper and Duke, used to stare at each other day in and day out.
Chuck Hooper felt lonely and was always lost in his thoughts.
Duke finally couldnt stand the boredom and yearned to go out with his master.
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One evening Chucks good hand idly hooked the leash onto Dukes collar to hold
him still. For Duke, it was like lighting a fuse.
With Hooper standing, the dog walked to the end of the leash and tugged steadily.
Leaning back against the pull, Hooper learned to keep his balance without Marcy.
Dukes re-entry into Hoopers life lifted his numb spirits.
The day Duke made Hooper take his first step, the hope was rekindled.
By now neighbours on their street were watching the pattern of Hoopers progress.
On June 1, Hooper and Duke walked up to an intersection quite far away.
On January 4, Hooper surprised the staf by walking to the local branch office of the
company.
Hooper further amazed his staf by setting his next objective : March 1, a full days
work.
After March 1, Hooper had no time for physiotherapy and depended completely on
Duke.
Duke pulled him along the street, increasing Hoopers stability and endurance.
On the evening of October 1957, the Hoopers had guests. Suddenly they heard
the screech of brakes outside and looked for Duke.
Duke was run over and driven to the animal hospital with severe injuries.
He was drugged but could not survive.
A few weeks ago, Hooper was promoted to Assistant National Sales Manager.
The promotion order was so worded as if it was a special tribute to Duke. .........
therefore, to advance our objectives step by step, Charles Hooper is appointed
Assistant National Sales Manager.
Actually, it was Duke who advanced Hoopers objective step by step and made him a
normal man.

SUMMARY OF THE LESSON

Hooper used to be a highly motivated and result-oriented hard-charging zone
sales manager for a chemical company. An accident reduced him to a paralysed
cripple. Despair had led him on to helplessness. But his dog Dukes re-entry into his
life lifted his numb spirits. Duke taught and helped him to cope with the challenge and
led him to accept the changed mode of life. Hooper could walk down on foot to his
office. He was promoted to the Assistant National Sales Manager. But Duke, his
beloved dog, who helped him to achieve his objectives step by step died in an
accident.
REFERENCE TO CONTEXT (EXEMPELRY QUESTIONS)
Read the given extracts and answer the questions that follow:
1. He was already a hard-charging zone sales manager for a chemical company.
Everything was going for him.
Questions
1. Who does He refer to here?
2. What happened to the sales manager?
3. What does the expression Everything was going for him mean here?
I.
1.
2.
3.
4.

QUESTIONS FOR PRACTICE

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
How was Hooper a favoured youngman in 1953?
How did Chuck Hooper meet with a ghastly accident and with what results?
What favour did the company show to Hooper after the accident?
How did the excitement of the homecoming wear of?
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5. Why would Hooper stare at the ceiling for hours?

6. How did Hooper take the first step?
7. Why would Duke lie down with a reproachful eye on Hooper?
8. How did the pair set their daily goals and achieve them?
9. How were the neighbours watching the pattern of Hopers progress?
10.How did Hooper walk down to the local office and what did he say to the staf
there?
11.What problems did Hoopers move present in the companys headquarters?
12.How did Hooper set the target and hit it/ How did the company reward him?
13.How did Duke die?
14.What was the real tribute to Duke?
II. VALUE BASED LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS
1. Describe the changes that the ghastly accident brought in the life of Hooper. How
did he overcome them?
2. Describe the role of the Duke in taking his master to the working-desk. Describe
graphically the pattern of Hoopers progress and the role of Duke in it.
3. In
A
Dog Named Duke, it is the dog that leads and controls the man and not the man
who controls the dog. Explain.
POETRY
THE BROOK: by Alfred Lord Tennyson
Poem at a Glance
The brook originates from a place that is frequented by water birds like coot and
her.
In its initial stage, the brook makes sudden sally and comes down noisily to a
valley.
During its onward journey, it hurries down thirty hills, twenty villages, a little town
and fifty bridges.
It makes diferent types of sounds at diferent places and times.
It chatters over stony ways, it creates sharps and trebles.
It babbles on the pebbles and murmurs under moon and stars.
Even the movement the brook keeps on changing.
It hurries down the hills, steals by lawns and grassy plots, slides by hazel
covers and slips between the ridges.
Mostly it flows in a zigzag manner.
Men may come and men may go but the brook will flow forever.
The existence of men is transitory but the existence of the brook is eternal.
SUMMARY OF THE LESSON
This poem of Lord Tennyson describes the journey of a stream from its place of
origin to the brimming river that it joins. The brook itself relates its
experiences as it has been personified in this poem. It makes a sudden sally
from the place of its birth. It hurries down thirty hills, slips between the ridges
and passes through twenty villages and a small town before joining the
brimming river.
Men may come and men may go,
But I go on forever.
The poet brings an efective contrast between the transient life of man and the
eternal onward flow of the brook.
Reference to context:
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By thirty .bridges.
Q.1Name the poetic device used in twenty town .
Q.2 Explain slip between the ridges.
Q.3 What is the rhyme scheme .
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTION:
1 Describe personification.
2 What is refrain?
3 Describe sound and noises mentioned in the poem?
VALUE BASED QUESTIONS
1 Describe the complete journey of the brook in your own words.

The Road Not Taken

Lesson at a Glance
The poet was standing at a place where two roads diverged in a yellow wood.
He was sorry that he couldnt travel both at the same time.
He looked down one as far as he could till it bent away in the undergrowth.
The other road was just as fair and perhaps presented a better claim.
The second road was grassy, less frequented by travellers and wanted wear.
The poet had to make a choice and he resolved the dilemma.
He chose the second road and kept the first for another day.
The poet had a doubt that he would never get a chance to travel on the first road
again.
The choice had been made and it made all the diference in his life.
It was very difficult to say whether the choice was right or wrong on the spur of
the moment.
But the poet didnt seem to be very happy with his choice.

Summary of the Lesson

In The Road Not Taken, Robert Frost makes a fascinating use of two roads as a metaphor
for life. The two roads serve as a metaphor for the choices we make in life. Thus, the
roads are, in fact, two alternative ways of life. The choice we make has a far-reaching
consequence. The poet leaves the first road for the other day knowing well that he will
never get a chance to come back to it again in life. He chooses the second road which is
less travelled by and this choice has made all the diference in his life.

Test Your Skills

I
1.

Reference to Context
Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,
And sorry I could not travel both
And be one traveller, long I stood
And looked down one as far as I could
To where it bent in the undergrowth;
(a) Why does the poet feel sorry ?
(b) Where do the two roads diverge in ?
(c) What is the mood of the poet in these lines ?

II

Short Answer Type Questions

1. Describe how the two roads stand for the two ways or alternatives of life ?
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2. Describe both the roads that lay before the poet. Why did he take a long time to
make a
Choice?
3. How did the poet resolve the dilemma? Why didnt he choose the first road ?
4. Why did the poet choose the second road ? Was it a good choice ?
III

Value Based Long Answer Questions

1. Do you think the poet was not happy with his choice ? Give an example to prove
your point.
2. Which road would you choose and why ?
3. And that has made all the diference, says the poet. What is the diference that
the poet mentions ?
4. Robert Froast uses two roads in the poem as two alternative ways of life. Describe
the roads as metaphor for life.

The Solitary Reaper

Lesson at a Glance
The poet sees a Highland girl reaping and singing all alone in a field.
She is cutting and binding crops and singing a song in her local dialect.
The song at once afects the poet and he listens to it with rapt attention.
The song of the solitary reaper is even sweeter than the song of the nightingale
that sings to refresh the tired travellers in the Arabian desert.
Her song is even more thrilling and exciting than the song of the cuckoo that sings
in the spring.
The poet cant understand the local dialect in which she is singing. He doesnt
know anything about the theme of her song.
He only makes a guess that her sad song is related to some old unhappy things
that took place in the distant past.
Perhaps the song describes some natural calamity, loss or pain that troubled
humanity in the past and may do so in the future.
Perhaps she is singing about ordinary day-to-day matters.
Whatever is the theme, the poet hears it with utmost attention and remains
spellbound.
The efect of the song remains much after it is heard no more.

Summary of the Lesson

The poet recollects an emotional experience. The poet sees a solitary Highland girl
reaping and singing by herself in the field. The song of the reaper finds an immediate
echo in the heart of the poet. He listens to her song standing there silently. The
melodious song leaves a deep impact on the poet. The song continues echoing in his
heart long after it is heard no more. The beautiful experience gives him a long-lasting
pleasure.
I
1.

Test Your Skills

Reference To Context
Alone she cuts, and binds the grain,
And sings a melancholy strain;
O listen ! for the vale profound
Is overflowing with the sound.

a. What is the girl doing in the field ?

b. What is the nature of her song ?
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c. What is the result of the song ?

II

Short Answer Type Questions

1. Where did the poet see the reaper and what made him stop there?
2. Describe the song of the solitary reaper.
3. Why does the poet compare the song of the solitary reaper to the song of the
nightingale and the cuckoo?
4. What does the poet speculate about the theme and the subject matter of the
reapers song?
5. What was the efect of the song on the poet?
6. Was the efect momentary or lasting? Support your answer by quoting lines from
the text.
7. The Solitary Reaper is a typical Wordsworthian poem about nature and man.
Give your views on the subject.

III

Value Based Long Answer Questions

1. Describe the solitary reaper and her song. How does it impress the poet?
2. The song of the reaper was unique. It was sweeter than the song of the
nightingale and more thrilling than that of the cuckoo. What profound efect did it
have on the poet?
3. Write a critical appreciation of the poem The Solitary Reaper.

Lord Ullins Daughter

Lesson at a Glance
Lord Ullins daughter fell in love with a Scottish Chieftain.
Lord Ullin was against their marriage and so his beautiful daughter eloped with her
lover.
When he came to know of the elopement, Lord Ullin became furious and gave
them a hot chase with his armed horsemen.
The chieftain asked the boatman to make haste and sail them over the ferry. He
also promised to give him a silver pound as a reward.
If they were found out, Lord Ullin would put him to death.
The valiant boatman promised to sail them over to the ferry only for his extremely
beautiful bride.
A storm overlook them and the water waves became threatening like ghosts.
They were in the middle of the storm. It was growing even more furious and
beyond the control of human eforts.
The beautiful lady cried for making haste as she didnt want to face her angry
father.
The stamping of the horses were heard nearer.
At last, the inevitable happened and both the lovers met their watery graves.
Lord Ullin saw his daughter caught up in the storm and promised that he would
forgive them.
But the assurance had come too late and he saw his daughter extending one arm
for help and the other around her lover.
Lord Ullins wrath was changed into wailing as he saw his beautiful daughter lying
dead before his own eyes.
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Summary of the Lesson

Lord Ullins Daughter is a romantic ballad of Thomas Campbell. The ballad describes
the tragic love story of Lord Ullins daughter and her lover, the chieftain of Ulva island.
Lord Ullin was against their marriage but his daughter defied him and eloped with her
lover. They rowed together in the stormy sea but were hotly chased by Lord Ullin and his
armed men. The stormy waves became the graves of the lovers. Lord Ullins wrath soon
changed into wailing and he stood at the shore lamenting over the tragedy.

Test Your Skills

I
1.

Reference To Context
Now, who be ye, would cross Lochgyle,
This dark and stormy weather?
O, Im the chief of Ulvas isle,
And this, Lord Ullins daughter
(a) Why was the boatman surprised?
(b) How did the chief introduce himself?
(c) Who was the lady with the chief?

II

Short Answer Type Questions

1. Why did the lovers escape to avoid Lord Ullins wrath? Did they succeed in their
mission?
2. Describe two characteristics of the boatman in the poem.
3. Lord Ullins daughter faced a dilemma. What did she choose in the end?
4. How did Lord Ullin and his men follow the lovers?
5. What did Lord Ullin see when he reached the fatal shore?
6. How was Lord Ullins wrath changed into wailing and mourning?
7. Describe the death of the lovers in the stormy sea.
8. Describe Lord Ullins Daughter as a romantic ballad.

III

Value Based Long Answer Questions

1. What is a ballad? Critically examine Lord Ullins Daughter as one of the most
accomplished romantic ballads of Campbell.
2. Describe the elopement of the lovers. They escaped the wrath of Lord Ullin but
couldnt escape the wrath of the stormy sea. Justify your answer by giving
examples from the poem.
3. You are one of the horsemen who had gone for the hot chase of the lovers. You
saw with your own eyes Lord Ullins beautiful daughter struggling against the
stormy sea and dying. Make a diary entry of what you saw there including the
change of Ullins wrath and revenge into wailing and mourning for his daughters.

DRAMA ( VILLA FOR SALE ) BY SACHA GUITRY

DRAMA AT A GLANCE
Juliette`s villa is for sale.
`Villa for sale` sign has been hanging on the gate for a proper buyer.
Juliette is desperately waiting for a buyer.
She pretends to sell the villa at any price. Even one hundred thousand francs will
be twice the cost of the villa.
Mr. Gaston and Jeanne come to see the villa.
Mr. Gaston is not interested in buying it. He knows that Jeanne is buying it for her
parents and for her sister`s children.
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He deliberately finds faults with it. He says that its garden and salon are too small.
Juliette is a perfect saleswoman. She praises the place, advantages and comforts
it provides to its buyer.
She demands two hundred and fifty thousand francs. When Mr. Gaston finds it
`decidedly excessive`, she cuts it down to two hundred thousand francs.
Juliette and Jeanne go upstairs to see the upper floor.
Mr. Gaston is alone when Mrs. Al Smith comes there.
Mrs. Al Smith mistakes Mr. Gaston as the owner of the villa.
She is in a hurry and wants to buy the villa as it is near Paramount Studio where
she will be shooting for some films.
Mrs. Al Smith strikes the deal in three hundred thousand francs and gives a
cheque to Mr. Gaston.
The rest of the transaction will be completed by her lawyer.
By now Jeanne has given up the idea of buying the villa.
After making a deal in three hundred thousand francs, Mr. Gaston takes a
complete about- turn.
He praises the villa, its rooms, the garden, the salon and the baths.
He even humours his wife. He shows concern for her old parents and her sister`s
children.
He promptly makes the deal with Juliette in two hundred thousand francs.
He receives the signed receipt and Juliette gets a cheque from him.
Jeanne doesn`t know what is happening there.
Juliette was happy to get two hundred thousand francs but Mr. Gaston proved
smarter and earned a cool one hundred thousand francs in the bargain.

SUMMARY OF THE DRAMA

Juliette puts her villa for sale. She pretends to get the `wretched place` of her hands and
is ready to `sacrifice it at any price`. Mr. Gaston`s wife Jeanne wants to buy a villa so
that she can put her parents in it. Mr. Gaston doesn`t want to buy Juliette`s villa and
desperately finds fault with it. The garden is very small and the salon is not very big.
Juliette like a perfect sales woman, tries to sell the villain two hundred thousand francs.
When Juliette and Jeanne are upstairs, Mrs. Al Smith comes. She takes Mr. Gaston as the
owner. She is in a hurry and strikes the deal with Mr. Gaston in three hundred thousand
francs. She buys the villa as it is near Paramount Studio where she is going to shoot
some films. Now the story takes an interesting turn. Mr. Gaston starts praising the villa,
its bedrooms, baths and gardens. He also starts showing concern for Jeanne`s parents
and her sister`s children. By now Jeanne gives up the idea of buying the villa. Mr. Gaston
at once buys the villa in two hundred thousand francs from Juliette. Juliette is happy but
Mr. Gaston is happier. Jeanne simply can`t understand what is going on there. Mr. Gaston
tells her that he has earned a cool one hundred thousand francs and a picture of a carrot
in the bargain.
REFERENCE TO CONTEXT:

` That was a month ago and now I have only one thought,
that is to get the wretched place of my hands.
Questions :
1. What does the speaker think about the villa?
2. What is she ready for?
3. Is she really sacrificing the villa at any price? Give a reasoned answer.
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
1. Why was Juliette desperate?
2. Did Juliette really want to sacrifice the villa at any price or only pretending?
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3. Why didn`t Mr. Gaston want to buy a villa?

4. How did Juliette presents her villa to Mr. Gaston and Jeanne? What advantages
did it ofer to the buyer?
5. Did Mr. Gaston deliberately find faults with the villa? What are the major
defects that he pointed out besides its high price?
6. Why did Jeanne want to buy a villa?
7. Who was Mrs. Al Smith and why was she interested in buying the place?
8. What comments did Mrs. Al Smith make about the French people and with what
intention?
9. Why did Mr. Gaston make a complete about turn?
10.Give two examples to prove that Mr. Gaston was a great opportunist who could
change whenever the situation suited him and his interests.
11.Justify the title of the play?

EXTRACTS FROM POETRY, FICTION AND PLAY.

1. READ THE LINES AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS:

chatter, chatter, as I
fow To join the
brimming river,
Men may come and men
may go, But I go on for ever
i) Identify the poem and the poet
ii) Explain brimming. What picture does it create?
iii) Explain the last two lines of the poem.
2. I am touching the feet of a teacher, not my grand daughter. 3m
i) Name the lesson and its author.
ii) Who says this to whom?
iii) Why does the speaker resort to such a noble gesture?
3. I am not in the least surprised. It is a most delightful little place. Its
appearance is modest, but it has a charm of its own. I can tell you by
just looking at you that it would suit you admirably, as you suit it, if you
will permit me to say so. Coming from me, it may surprise you to hear
that you already appear to be at home. The choice of a frame is not so
easy when you have such a delightful pastel to place in it.
3m

i) Identify the speaker of these lines.

ii) Its appearance is modest.what does it stand for?
iii) I can tell you by just looking at you that it would suit you admirably, as
you suit it..what does it reveal about the speaker?
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4.

For a good Cause, if you are determined, you can overcome any
obstacle, I will work harder than anybody but I will do it. For learning
there is no age bar.
1. Identify the speaker
2. When does the speaker say these lines?
3. What does the good cause refer to?

5.

Copies are not always good. We could only imitate you and
imitations are no better than parodies. We are so diferent. Think of
itEuropeans go to America to earn money and Americans come
to Europe to spend it.

1.Identify the speaker.

2.What does we are so different mean?
3.Why does the speaker outwit the other?
6. Read the following extract carefully and answer the questions
given below:
I shall be telling this with a
sigh Somewhere ages and
ages hence: Two roads
diverged in a wood, and I
Took the one less travelled by
And that has made all the difference.
a) What do the two diverging roads symbolize?
b) What impact has the path trodden by the poet made on his life ?
c) Which road does the poet choose and why ?
7. In 1953, Hooper was a favoured young man. A big genuine grin
civilized his highly competitive nature.
a)Hooper was a favoured young man. What does it mean?
b)What was the profession of Hooper ?
c) What does the author mean by the word civilized ?

8. You are an exception. Frenchmen usually have to consult about ten people
before they get a move on .
Do you or dont you want to sell this house ?
d) who is You here ?
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e) How does the speaker rate Frenchmen?

f) Who is the speaker of these lines?
9. Read the following extract and answer the questions given below
While you were upstairs, I have been thinking a lot about your Papa and
Mamma
1. Who speaks these words ?
2. How does the statement differ from the earlier statement made by him ?
3. Estimate the character of Gaston in the context given above.
10. He was a 23- kilo Missile of joy. He hit Chuck above the belt,
causing him to fght to keep his balance.
a)Who is he referred here?
b)

What do you mean by a 23-kilo missile of joy ?

c)What did he realize instantly?

QUESTIONS FOR PRACTICE (Fiction)
1.

You are the granddaughter of the story How I taught my grandmother to

Read. Write a letter to your friend telling her about how you taught
Grandmother to read and write.

2.

For learning there is no age bar Comment with reference to the story
How I taught my grandmother to Read.

3.

I am touching the feet of a teacher not my granddaughter Why did the

speaker touch the feet of the granddaughter. Do you think she did the
right thing? Justify the statement with reference to the story, How I
taught my grandmother to read.

4.

Write a page in your diary about your plans to gift grandma with the
novel Karmaveera on the day she would fulfill her aim to read and
write.

5.

Give a character sketch of Grandmother.

6.

Grandmother was restless when the narrator was away for sometimes.
Why? Comment on the urge of learning of the sixty two year old woman
in the story How I taught my grandmother to Read.

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7.

The narrators Grandmother identifies herself as the protagonist of

the novel Kashi yatre. Justify your answer with instances from the story
How I taught my grandmother to read.

8.

Grandmother is literate now. She wants to carry out this message to all
illiterate women of all ages. She wants an adult school to be opened in
her village. She writes a letter to the Pradhan of the Gram Panchayat.
Write the letter.

9.

Duke was an extraordinary dog. What special qualities of Duke support

the above statement?

10.

Write the character sketch of Chuck Hooper.

11.

Chuck Hooper is now able to move his limbs. He writes about his
helpless feelings while lying in bed after the accident. Write the page of
his diary.

12.

You are Chuck Hooper, you go for short walk everyday with Duke and you
are improving physically. You decide to visit your workplace. Write a
page of your diary about your plans.

13.

In the story A Dog named Duke, who is the actual hero? Justify your
answer with reference to the story.

14.

Imagine yourself as Chuck Hooper. Write a page of your diary after

Duke dies in the accident.

15.

Imagine yourself to be Chuck Hooper. Write a page of diary describing

st
your move step by step with the help of Duke till June 1 .

16.

He would be with a reproachful eye on Hooper. How did Duke express

his feelings for his master? What do you think he had in his mind?

17.

Describe the relation between Duke and Chuck Hooper.

SOLVED
Q1. You are Chuck Hoopers wife Marcy. You remained overwhelmed at
Dukes dedications towards the recovery of your husband. Write a
letter to your friend describing how Duke has become your saviour.
Ans:
nd

2 Cross
New
Towers
London
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th

10 Nov 2012
Dear Anne,
You will be glad to learn that my husband Chuck is able to walk now
and has also joined office. It is all because of our pet dog Duke, the
Doberman Chuck had brought. I was a little reluctant at the beginning
though I agreed to have him later. I had actually sent Duke to a
kennel after Chucks accident but brought him back to give Chuck
company during his bedridden days after he was released from hospital.
Duke appeared to be an epitome of hope and determination. There
was some sort of understanding between Duke and Chuck. Duke always
stayed with Chuck and helped him whenever needed. It was Duke who
helped Chuck make eforts to put his first step. Duke miraculously
managed to re-awaken the dead spirit of Chuck to live and Chuck
started walking step by step every day. It was clear that Duke
understood his masters grief and determined to help him get over the
state of helplessness. Whenever Chuck lost his balance, Duke would be by
him like a post. Indeed God has sent an angel to my home in disguise of
Duke.
That my dear husband is not only walking but also working today is
nothing but a miracle. Dukes loyalty, affection and determination were
instrumental in the recovery of his master. Unfortunately when his
master is fit today, Duke is no more to enjoy the delight of seeing his
master back in his original form. Duke met with a motor accident and
breathed his last a few days back. I have posted few of his photographs in
my Facebook account for all of you. God give his soul rest and peace.
With lots of love
Marcy
Q2.Marcy writes a tribute in the local newspaper for her dog Duke. Write the
tribute.
Ans:
(Hints)
---realization of Dukes dedication---Chucks attachment towards Duke--Chucks recovery
with Duke---Her change of attitude towards Duke.

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NOVEL [CHAPTER 1-10]

THREE MEN IN A BOAT ---JEROME K JEROME
INTRODUCTION:
The humorous travelogue Three Men In a Boat was written by an English
writer and humorist, Jerome Klapka Jerome (2 May 1859- 14 June, 1927). The
novel was published in 1889. It is a humorous account of a boating holiday on
the river Thames between two famous places, Kingston and Oxford. Jerome
initially wanted to write a serious travel guide giving glimpses of local history of
places and towns that fall along the route. However, Jerome was basically a
humorist. And the humorous elements so much dominated the descriptions
that Three Men In a Boat turned out to be affine comic novel. The serious and
somewhat sentimental passages seemed to be a distraction to the comic
novel.
The books original purpose was to be a guidebook. The narrator describes all
the passing landmarks and villages such as Hampton Court Palace, Mondey
Island, Magna Carta Island, Marlow and Oxford. He also describes the historical
importance of these places. The most frequent topics are river pastime such as
fishing, boating, cooking, drinking, camping and endless talking and gossiping.
The writer frequently tells some very interesting anecdotes which are full of
jokes which seem fresh and witty, even today. The book was an instant
success and remains popular with the readers even today.
Plot
It is a fictional story about three friends and their dog. The story is written
in first person and a lot of humor and anecdotes are found in it.
The author Jim, his friends Harris and George live with various
illusionary diseases and therefore decide to take a break and go down
the river for a holiday. They decide to camp on the boat on fine days and
stay at an inn when it rains.
There are several incidents like packing, journey to historical places,
cheese story which are exaggerated and evoke a lot of laughter.
QUESTIONS
Q1. Character sketches (Hint)
1.

Jim: - hypochondriac dislikes sea voyages--romantic naturecomfort

seeker overconfident (eg: cheese story packing)dislikes tomb visit
enjoys boat tripvain about appearance and clothesbelieves in God.

2.

Harris:-has fits of giddinesslikes pretendingpracticalrestless when

hungry

3.

George:-quietest of allspeaks in medical termsmost sensiblelazy

and overweight enjoys good food.

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4.

Montmorency:- a dog looks innocent - like an angel--very mischievouschief ambition to meddle around-has many friends-killed a dozen
chickens-does not enjoy boat trip- faithful to friends.

5.

Uncle Podger: - funny character-fussy- pretends to be independent-very

dependent carelessabsent mindedblames othersboastfultires
the whole household
Q 2. Give an account of the PACKING incident. How do the three friends
behave during the Packing incident?
Ans : Hints
All three have diferent ideaseach wanted the other to packlack
of organizational capacitiespacked and unpacked several times
broke things-- all three careless, disorganized and forgetful.
Q3. Write a note on the use of humour in Three men in

Boat .
Q4. Write a note on characterization in Three men in a Boat.
Q5.How did Harris sing a comic song and with what result ?
Q6 Describe the funny incident in which two drunken men got into the same bed in the
dark without knowing it at a country inn?

Q7.

There are a number of funny situations in the novel. Describe any two
incidents which evoke laughter.

Q8.

The Writers visit to the British Library made a terrible psychological

impact in the mind of the writer Elucidate.

Q9.

The three friends decide to take a journey to the sea in the name
of Change they required. Elaborate

Q10. Describe the cheese episode in the novel. Does the authors
presentation of the episode in such exaggerated manner create true
humor and laughter?
Q11. Describe the three friends briefly.
Q12. Jim takes pride of his appearance and taste of clothes. Describe
incidents to justify the statement.
Q13. Three Men in a boat was meant to be a Travelogue. Describe an
incident from the novel to support this statement.
Q14. Give two instances that reveal Jims love for history and
old buildings.
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Q15. We are but the sorriest slaves of our stomach says the author. What
incident justifies the given statement?

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